CN110270032B - Fire prevention and control device of lithium ion battery energy storage system and implementation method - Google Patents
Fire prevention and control device of lithium ion battery energy storage system and implementation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110270032B CN110270032B CN201910655470.4A CN201910655470A CN110270032B CN 110270032 B CN110270032 B CN 110270032B CN 201910655470 A CN201910655470 A CN 201910655470A CN 110270032 B CN110270032 B CN 110270032B
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000191291 Abies alba Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010000369 Accident Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
- A62C31/005—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material using nozzles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment
- A62C37/36—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device
- A62C37/38—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device by both sensor and actuator, e.g. valve, being in the danger zone
- A62C37/40—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device by both sensor and actuator, e.g. valve, being in the danger zone with electric connection between sensor and actuator
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a fire prevention and control device of a lithium ion battery energy storage system and an implementation method thereof. If the oxygen concentration in the protection space is lower than 16%, an audible and visual alarm signal is sent out, and the personnel is strictly forbidden to enter the protection area. The fire disaster detection device has the beneficial effects that once a thermal runaway fire disaster happens to the lithium ion battery in the energy storage station, the fire disaster detection device arranged in the battery box can quickly and accurately detect the fire disaster, and a fire extinguishing system is started, so that the fire disaster can be extinguished quickly and the battery can be cooled effectively.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a fire prevention and control device, in particular to a fire prevention and control device of a lithium ion battery energy storage system and an implementation method thereof. When the fire extinguishing system is not started in time, the fireproof separating devices arranged among the battery clusters and between the battery clusters and the electric cabinet can prevent fire from spreading to adjacent parts.
Background
Along with the transformation and upgrading of energy consumption structures in China and the deep development of renewable energy policies, the construction and planning of a modern intelligent power grid system with an energy storage technology and a system as cores are increasingly important, and on the basis, a plurality of groups of distributed power supply units are connected in parallel to form a microstructure with the energy storage technology as a node, so that the functions of peak clipping and valley filling are achieved.
The energy storage technology effectively improves the power control level and the electric energy quality of the micro-grid. Along with the grid-connected operation of the Jiangsu Zhenjiang hundred megawatt energy storage power station, the energy storage industry in China gradually goes from demonstration to commercialization, the application scene starts to advance from the user side to auxiliary services such as peak regulation and frequency modulation, and the energy storage is becoming an important supporting force of the energy revolution in China.
However, the energy storage unit is a basic constituent unit of a lithium ion battery, which is an energy-containing substance, and is of a dangerous nature in essence, particularly in a closed space. Therefore, the safety problem of the lithium ion battery is more and more concerned by various social circles, and in addition, in recent years, a plurality of combustion and explosion accidents occur in the power battery for the electric vehicle, so that the safety concern of people on the energy storage of the lithium ion battery is raised. Especially, the safety problem of the lithium ion battery energy storage system is pushed to the public opinion tuyere due to the fire explosion accident of the Korean smart rock energy storage power station. Lithium ion battery fires are quite different from common fires, and as energy aggregates, the lithium ion battery fires easily trigger surrounding batteries to generate chain combustion explosion reactions after thermal runaway occurs. At present, effective prevention and control measures for lithium ion battery fire disaster are not established internationally, and unified technical standards are not formed. The fire protection research of the lithium ion battery energy storage system is still in a starting stage, and mainly adopts the electric fire control and extinguishing technology in the traditional civil building field, the technology lacks pertinence to lithium ion battery fire, and the prediction early warning, the fireproof separation, the function design and the setting scheme of fire extinguishing facilities and the like of the lithium ion battery fire are still to be perfected.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the invention provides a fire prevention and control device for a lithium ion battery energy storage system, when a fire happens in a lithium ion battery box or an electrical cabinet in the energy storage system, a fire detection device arranged in the battery box or the electrical cabinet detects the fire, the detection device transmits a fire signal to an electrical control device, the electrical control device is linked with an air duct stop valve to be closed, a sorting valve of a fire battery cluster or the electrical cabinet is opened, a fire extinguishing system is started, and the fire extinguishing agent sprays the fire extinguishing agent through a main conveying pipeline, a branch pipeline of the fire battery cluster and a nozzle arranged in the battery box or the electrical cabinet to extinguish the fire and achieve the purpose of no re-combustion within 24 hours.
The invention adopts the specific technical scheme that: the utility model provides a lithium ion battery energy storage system conflagration prevention and control device, includes a plurality of energy storage stations, is equipped with a plurality of regulator cubicles and a plurality of battery cluster in every energy storage station, and every battery cluster comprises a plurality of battery boxes, its characterized in that: the fire-extinguishing system, the fire alarming and electric control system, the air inlet channel stop valve, the oxygen concentration detector and the air outlet channel stop valve are also included;
the fire extinguishing system comprises a nozzle, a fire extinguishing agent storage device, a collecting pipe, a main selection valve, a main pipeline, a battery cluster branch pipeline branch selection valve, an electrical cabinet branch pipeline and an electrical cabinet branch pipeline selection valve;
the fire alarm and electrical control system comprises a fire detection device, an electrical control device and an audible and visual alarm;
a fireproof separation device is respectively arranged between the battery boxes and the battery clusters, each battery cluster is packaged through a metal plate and is provided with an air inlet channel and an air outlet channel as independent spaces, an air inlet channel stop valve is arranged on the air inlet channel, an air outlet channel stop valve is arranged on the air outlet channel, and each battery cluster air inlet channel and air outlet channel are respectively connected with an external air conditioning system to realize temperature regulation control of lithium ion batteries in the battery boxes through the air conditioning system;
a plurality of nozzles and a fire detection device are respectively arranged in each battery box in a plurality of electric cabinets and a plurality of battery clusters, the nozzles in each electric cabinet are respectively connected with an electric cabinet branch pipeline selection valve through electric cabinet branch pipelines, the nozzles in each battery box are respectively connected with a battery cluster branch pipeline branch selection valve through battery cluster branch pipelines, a plurality of nozzles and oxygen concentration detectors are arranged in each energy storage station, a fire extinguishing agent storage device, an electric control device and an audible and visual alarm are respectively arranged outside the energy storage station, a plurality of fire extinguishing agent storage tanks in the fire extinguishing agent storage device are respectively connected with a collecting pipe through pipelines, a plurality of main selection valves are connected on the collecting pipe, and each main selection valve is respectively connected with the electric cabinet branch pipeline selection valve and the plurality of battery cluster branch pipeline branch selection valves in the energy storage station;
the electric control device is respectively connected with an electrical cabinet branch pipeline selection valve, a plurality of battery cluster branch pipeline branch selection valves, a plurality of fire detection devices, an oxygen concentration detector, an air inlet channel stop valve, an air outlet channel stop valve, a plurality of main selection valves and a plurality of audible and visual alarms in the plurality of energy storage stations through circuits.
The implementation method of the fire prevention and control device of the lithium ion battery energy storage system is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) when a fire disaster occurs in a lithium ion battery box or an electrical cabinet in an energy storage station of the energy storage system, a fire disaster detection device arranged in the battery box or the electrical cabinet detects the fire disaster, and the fire disaster detection device transmits a fire disaster signal to an electrical control device;
(2) the electric control device is linked with the air inlet channel stop valve and the air outlet channel stop valve to be closed, and a battery cluster branch pipeline selecting valve of a fire battery cluster or an electric cabinet branch pipeline selecting valve of an electric cabinet is opened, and a fire extinguishing system is started at the same time;
(3) the fire extinguishing agent of the fire extinguishing agent storage device sprays the fire extinguishing agent through a main conveying pipeline, a battery cluster branch pipeline for fire occurrence and a nozzle arranged in a battery box or an electric cabinet to form a total flooding effect, so that the purposes of rapidly extinguishing the fire and effectively reducing the temperature of a battery are achieved, and the purposes of extinguishing the fire and avoiding re-combustion within 24 hours are achieved;
(4) after the fire is completely extinguished and the occurrence of the reburning of the fire is ensured, the energy storage station is ventilated, if the oxygen concentration of the energy storage station is lower than 16%, the oxygen concentration detector sends a detection signal to the electric control device, and the electric control device controls the audible and visual alarm to send an audible and visual alarm signal, so that people are forbidden to enter the energy storage station;
(5) if the fire detection device cannot detect the fire in time, the fire in the battery box or the electric cabinet is spread, and the fire spreading can be blocked by the fireproof separation device arranged between the battery box or the battery cluster or between the electric cabinet and the battery cluster, so that the fire is prevented from spreading to the adjacent battery box or the adjacent battery cluster.
The lithium ion battery in the energy storage station has the beneficial effects that once a thermal runaway fire accident occurs, the fire disaster detection device arranged in the battery box can quickly and accurately detect the fire disaster and timely transmit a fire disaster signal to the electric control device, the electric control device links the air duct stop valve to be closed, the selection valve is opened, the fire extinguishing system is started, and the fire extinguishing agent timely and accurately reaches the battery box with the accident through the conveying pipeline to quickly extinguish the fire disaster and effectively cool the battery.
After the fire extinguishing agent is released, when the oxygen concentration in the protected place is lower than 16%, a low-oxygen audible and visual alarm signal can be sent out, personnel can be strictly forbidden to enter, and personnel injury is avoided.
The fire-proof separation device can prevent fire from spreading among the battery boxes, the battery clusters and the electric cabinet, and avoid forming larger fire load and causing larger property loss.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the fire suppression system of the present invention installed outside a protected location;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the fire suppression system of the present invention installed in a protected location;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the present invention when the protected yard is a container-type energy storage station;
FIG. 4 is a logic flow diagram of a fire prevention and control implementation method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the fire prevention and control device of the lithium ion battery energy storage system comprises a plurality of energy storage stations 1, wherein a plurality of electrical cabinets 2 and a plurality of battery clusters 3 are arranged in each energy storage station 1, each battery cluster 3 is composed of a plurality of battery boxes 5, and the fire prevention and control device further comprises a fire extinguishing system, a fire alarming and electrical control system, an air inlet channel stop valve 8, an oxygen concentration detector 15 and an air outlet channel stop valve 18.
The fire extinguishing system comprises a nozzle 4, a fire extinguishing agent storage device 9, a collecting pipe 11, a main selection valve 12, a main pipeline 14, a battery cluster branch pipeline 16, a battery cluster branch pipeline branch selection valve 17, an electrical cabinet branch pipeline 19 and an electrical cabinet branch pipeline selection valve 20.
The fire alarm and electrical control system comprises a fire detection device 6, an electrical control device 10 and an audible and visual alarm 13.
The battery packs 5 and the battery clusters 3 are respectively provided with a fireproof separation device 7, each battery cluster 3 is packaged through a metal plate 3-1 to be used as an independent space, an air inlet channel 3-2 and an air outlet channel 3-3 are arranged on the battery packs, an air inlet channel stop valve 8 is arranged on the air inlet channel, an air outlet channel stop valve 18 is arranged on the air outlet channel, the air inlet channel 3-2 and the air outlet channel 3-3 of each battery cluster 3 are respectively connected with an external air conditioning system, and temperature regulation control of the lithium ion battery in the battery pack 5 through the air conditioning system is realized.
A nozzle 4 and a fire detection device 6 are respectively arranged in each battery box 5 in a plurality of electric cabinets 2 and a plurality of battery clusters 3, the nozzle 4 in each electric cabinet 2 is respectively connected with an electric cabinet branch pipeline selection valve 20 through an electric cabinet branch pipeline 19, the nozzle 4 in each battery box 5 is respectively connected with a battery cluster branch pipeline selection valve 17 through a battery cluster branch pipeline 16, a nozzle 4 and an oxygen concentration detector 15 are respectively arranged in each energy storage station 1, a fire extinguishing agent storage device 9, an electric control device 10 and an audible and visual alarm 13 are respectively arranged outside the energy storage stations 1, a plurality of fire extinguishing agent storage tanks in the fire extinguishing agent storage device 9 are respectively connected with a collecting pipe 11 through pipelines, a plurality of main selection valves 12 are connected to the collecting pipe 11, and each main selection valve 12 is respectively connected with the electric cabinet branch pipeline selection valve 20 and the plurality of battery cluster branch pipeline selection valves 17 in the energy storage stations 1.
The electric control device 10 is respectively connected with an electric cabinet branch pipeline selection valve 20, a plurality of battery cluster branch pipeline branch selection valves 17, a plurality of fire detection devices 6, an oxygen concentration detector 15, an air inlet channel stop valve 8, an air outlet channel stop valve 18, a plurality of main selection valves 12 and a plurality of audible and visual alarms 13 in the plurality of energy storage stations 1 through circuits.
As shown in fig. 2, the fire prevention and control device of the lithium ion battery energy storage system comprises an energy storage station 1, wherein a plurality of electrical cabinets 2 and a plurality of battery clusters 3 are arranged in the energy storage station 1, each battery cluster 3 is composed of a plurality of battery boxes 5, and the fire prevention and control device further comprises a fire extinguishing system, a fire alarming and electrical control system, an air inlet channel stop valve 8, an oxygen concentration detector 15 and an air outlet channel stop valve 18.
The fire extinguishing system comprises a nozzle 4, a fire extinguishing agent storage device 9, a collecting pipe 11, a main selection valve 12, a main pipeline 14, a battery cluster branch pipeline 16, a battery cluster branch pipeline branch selection valve 17, an electrical cabinet branch pipeline 19 and an electrical cabinet branch pipeline selection valve 20.
The fire alarm and electrical control system comprises a fire detection device 6, an electrical control device 10 and an audible and visual alarm 13.
The battery packs 5 and the battery clusters 3 are respectively provided with a fireproof separation device 7, each battery cluster 3 is packaged through a metal plate 3-1 to be used as an independent space, an air inlet channel 3-2 and an air outlet channel 3-3 are arranged on the battery packs, an air inlet channel stop valve 8 is arranged on the air inlet channel, an air outlet channel stop valve 18 is arranged on the air outlet channel, the air inlet channel 3-2 and the air outlet channel 3-3 of each battery cluster 3 are respectively connected with an external air conditioning system, and temperature regulation control of the lithium ion battery in the battery pack 5 through the air conditioning system is realized.
A nozzle 4 and a fire detection device 6 are respectively arranged in each battery box 5 in a plurality of electric cabinets 2 and a plurality of battery clusters 3, the nozzle 4 in each electric cabinet 2 is respectively connected with an electric cabinet branch pipeline selection valve 20 through an electric cabinet branch pipeline 19, the nozzle 4 in each battery box 5 is respectively connected with a battery cluster branch pipeline selection valve 17 through a battery cluster branch pipeline 16, a nozzle 4 and an oxygen concentration detector 15 are arranged in an energy storage station 1, a fire extinguishing agent storage device 9 and an electric control device 10 are respectively arranged in the energy storage station 1, an audible and visual alarm 13 is arranged outside the energy storage station 1, a plurality of fire extinguishing agent storage tanks in the fire extinguishing agent storage device 9 are connected with a collecting pipe 11 through pipelines, a main selection valve 12 is connected with the collecting pipe 11, and the main selection valve 12 is respectively connected with the electric cabinet branch pipeline selection valve 20 and the plurality of battery cluster branch pipeline selection valves 17 in the energy storage station 1.
The electric control device 10 is connected with an electric cabinet branch pipeline selection valve 20, a plurality of battery cluster branch pipeline branch selection valves 17, a plurality of fire detection devices 6, an oxygen concentration detector 15, an air inlet channel stop valve 8, an air outlet channel stop valve 18, a main selection valve 12 and an audible and visual alarm 13 in the energy storage station 1 through circuits.
The energy storage station 1 is a container type energy storage station.
The fire detection device 6 is internally provided with a temperature sensor, a carbon monoxide gas sensor, a smoke sensor, an infrared sensor, a deformation sensor and the like, and can detect parameters such as temperature, characteristic gas, smoke, flame, battery deformation and the like in a protection place, and judge whether the fire disaster happens in the protection place or not through a multi-parameter fusion algorithm and a set logic program.
The fire extinguishing system 6 is a high-pressure carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system or a low-pressure carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system or a hydrofluorocarbon fire extinguishing system or an FK-5112 fire extinguishing system or a dry powder fire extinguishing system or a liquid nitrogen fire extinguishing system or a water system fire extinguishing system.
The fire-proof partition 7 is a fire-proof plate or an inorganic fiber board or the like having fire-proof and heat-insulating properties. The fireproof separation device is arranged between the battery box or the battery cluster or the electric cabinet and the battery cluster. The fire-resistant separator can prevent flame from spreading to adjacent battery boxes or clusters when a fire occurs in the battery boxes or cabinets.
As shown in fig. 3, an energy storage system is composed of a plurality of container type energy storage stations 1, a certain fireproof space 8 is reserved between the container type energy storage stations 1, a set of fire extinguishing system can simultaneously protect a plurality of container type energy storage stations 1, when a fire disaster occurs in one container type energy storage station 1, fire signals are transmitted to an electric control device 6 through a data/control circuit, the electric control device 6 starts a main selection valve 3 corresponding to the fire disaster area on the fire extinguishing system, fire extinguishing agent enters the container type energy storage stations 1 in which the fire disaster occurs through a fire extinguishing agent storage device 5, a collecting pipe 4, the main selection valve 3 and a main pipeline 2, the fire extinguishing agent is conveyed to the fire disaster occurring part, a set of fire extinguishing system can protect the adjacent container type energy storage stations, and the structure in the container type energy storage stations is the same as that in the container type energy storage stations 1.
As shown in fig. 4, the implementation method of the fire prevention and control device of the lithium ion battery energy storage system comprises the following steps:
(1) when a fire occurs in the lithium ion battery box 5 or the electrical cabinet 2 in the energy storage station 1 of the energy storage system, the fire detection device 6 installed in the battery box 5 or the electrical cabinet 2 detects the fire, and the fire detection device 6 transmits a fire signal to the electrical control device 10.
(2) The electric control device 10 is linked with the air inlet channel stop valve 8 and the air outlet channel stop valve 18 to be closed, and opens the battery cluster branch pipeline branch selection valve 17 of the fire battery cluster 3 or the electric cabinet branch pipeline selection valve 20 of the electric cabinet 2, and simultaneously starts the fire extinguishing system.
(3) The fire extinguishing agent of the fire extinguishing agent storage device 9 is sprayed through a main conveying pipeline, a battery cluster branch pipeline 19 for fire occurrence and a nozzle 4 arranged in the battery box 5 or the electrical cabinet 2 to form a total flooding effect, so that the purposes of rapidly extinguishing the fire and effectively reducing the temperature of the battery are achieved, and the purposes of extinguishing the fire and preventing re-combustion within 24 hours are achieved.
(4) After the fire is completely extinguished and the occurrence of the reburning of the fire is ensured, the energy storage station 1 is ventilated, if the oxygen concentration of the energy storage station 1 is lower than 16%, the oxygen concentration detector 15 sends a detection signal to the electrical control device 10, the electrical control device 10 controls the audible and visual alarm 13 to send out an audible and visual alarm signal, and the personnel is strictly forbidden to enter the energy storage station 1.
(5) If the fire detection device 6 fails to detect the fire in time, the fire in the battery box 5 or the electrical cabinet 2 is spread, and the fire spreading can be blocked by the fireproof separation device 7 arranged between the battery box 5 or the battery cluster 3 or between the electrical cabinet 2 and the battery cluster 3, so that the fire is prevented from spreading to the adjacent battery box 5 or the adjacent battery cluster 3, and a larger fire load is avoided.
The occurrence of fire is classified into the following 2 cases:
1. when the single battery in the battery box 5 is out of control to cause fire, the fire is effectively isolated by the fireproof separating device 7 between the battery box 5 and the battery cluster 3, and the fire is prevented from spreading between the adjacent battery boxes 5 or the battery clusters 3. The fire detection device 6 is arranged in the battery box 5 to transmit a fire alarm signal to the electrical control device 10, and an audible and visual alarm is given out through the audible and visual alarm 13. The electrical control device 10 starts the fire extinguishing system, and the fire extinguishing agent is released into the battery box 5 where the fire occurs through the fire extinguishing agent storage device 9, the collecting pipe 11, the main selection valve 12, the main pipeline 14, the battery cluster branch pipeline 16, the battery cluster branch pipeline branch selection valve 17 and the nozzle 4, so that the fire is rapidly extinguished and a certain inhibition time is realized. An oxygen concentration detector 15 in the energy storage station 1 detects the oxygen concentration in the energy storage station 1, and when the oxygen concentration value is less than 16%, personnel are forbidden to enter the energy storage station.
2. When the electrical components in the electrical cabinet 2 are in fire, the fire detection device 6 arranged in the electrical cabinet 2 transmits a fire alarm signal to the electrical control device 10, and an audible and visual alarm is given out through the audible and visual alarm 13. The electrical control device 10 starts the fire extinguishing system, and the fire extinguishing agent is released into the electrical cabinet 2 where the fire occurs through the fire extinguishing agent storage device 9, the collecting pipe 11, the main selection valve 12, the main pipeline 14, the electrical cabinet branch pipeline 19, the electrical cabinet branch pipeline selection valve 20 and the nozzle 4, so that the fire can be quickly extinguished and a certain inhibition time can be realized. An oxygen concentration detector 15 in the energy storage station 1 detects the oxygen concentration in the energy storage station 1, and when the oxygen concentration value is less than 16%, personnel are forbidden to enter the energy storage station.
The electric cabinet 2 is an electric control cabinet for installing electric elements in the energy storage system to realize different functions. When the energy storage station 1 is a container type energy storage station, a certain fireproof interval is arranged between the energy storage stations.
The air inlet channel stop valve 8 and the air outlet channel stop valve 18 are electromagnetic valves or electric valves. The stop valve is in the open state when normally working, guarantees that the air current normally lets in and flows out, and when the conflagration breaks out, through its closure of electric control device linkage, the air conditioner air current can't get into and flow out, guarantees that lithium ion battery cluster 3 is a relative confined area, and the fire extinguishing agent can not be taken away by the air current, maintains the gas concentration of certain time in the guard space.
The electric control device 10 is an electric control panel, provides power supply for the fire detection device 6, receives fire alarm signals of the fire detection device 6, and links the air inlet channel stop valve 8 and the air outlet channel stop valve 18 to act, and opens the sorting valve 17 corresponding to the area of the energy storage station 1 to start the fire extinguishing system. The electrical control device also receives the signal of the oxygen concentration detector 15, and sends out an audible and visual alarm signal through the audible and visual alarm 13 when the oxygen is low.
The above embodiment is only used for further explaining a fire prevention and control device of a lithium ion battery energy storage system, but the invention is not limited to the embodiment, and any simple modification, equivalent variation and modification to the above embodiment according to the technical substance of the invention falls within the protection scope of the technical proposal of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a lithium ion battery energy storage system conflagration prevention and control device, includes a plurality of energy storage stations (1), is equipped with a plurality of regulator cubicles (2) and a plurality of battery cluster (3) in every energy storage station (1), and every battery cluster (3) comprises a plurality of battery boxes (5), its characterized in that: the fire-extinguishing system, the fire alarming and electric control system, the air inlet channel stop valve (8), the oxygen concentration detector (15) and the air outlet channel stop valve (18) are also included;
the fire extinguishing system comprises a nozzle (4), a fire extinguishing agent storage device (9), a collecting pipe (11), a main selection valve (12), a main pipeline (14), a battery cluster branch pipeline (16), a battery cluster branch pipeline branch selection valve (17), an electrical cabinet branch pipeline (19) and an electrical cabinet branch pipeline selection valve (20);
the fire alarm and electrical control system comprises a fire detection device (6), an electrical control device (10) and an audible and visual alarm (13);
fireproof separation devices (7) are respectively arranged between the battery boxes (5) and the battery clusters (3), each battery cluster (3) is packaged through a metal plate (3-1) to form an independent space, an air inlet channel (3-2) and an air outlet channel (3-3) are arranged on the battery boxes, an air inlet channel stop valve (8) is arranged on the air inlet channel, an air outlet channel stop valve (18) is arranged on the air outlet channel, the air inlet channel (3-2) and the air outlet channel (3-3) of each battery cluster (3) are respectively connected with an external air conditioning system, and temperature regulation control of lithium ion batteries in the battery boxes (5) through the air conditioning system is realized;
a nozzle (4) and a fire detection device (6) are respectively arranged in each battery box (5) in a plurality of electrical cabinets (2) and a plurality of battery clusters (3), the nozzle (4) in each electrical cabinet (2) is respectively connected with an electrical cabinet branch pipeline selection valve (20) through an electrical cabinet branch pipeline (19), the nozzle (4) in each battery box (5) is respectively connected with a battery cluster branch pipeline selection valve (17) through a battery cluster branch pipeline (16),
a plurality of nozzles (4) and oxygen concentration detectors (15) are arranged in each energy storage station (1), a fire extinguishing agent storage device (9), an electrical control device (10) and an audible and visual alarm (13) are respectively arranged outside the energy storage stations (1), a plurality of fire extinguishing agent storage tanks in the fire extinguishing agent storage device (9) are respectively connected with a collecting pipe (11) through pipelines, a plurality of main selection valves (12) are connected to the collecting pipe (11), and each main selection valve (12) is respectively connected with an electrical cabinet branch pipeline selection valve (20) and a plurality of battery cluster branch pipeline branch selection valves (17) in one energy storage station (1) correspondingly;
the electric control device (10) is respectively connected with an electric cabinet branch pipeline selection valve (20), a plurality of battery cluster branch pipeline branch selection valves (17), a plurality of fire detection devices (6), an oxygen concentration detector (15), an air inlet channel stop valve (8), an air outlet channel stop valve (18), a plurality of main selection valves (12) and a plurality of audible and visual alarms (13) in the plurality of energy storage stations (1) through circuits;
the energy storage station (1) is a container type energy storage station;
the fire disaster detection device (6) is internally provided with a temperature sensor, a carbon monoxide gas sensor, a smoke sensor, an infrared sensor and a deformation sensor, and can detect temperature, characteristic gas, smoke, flame and battery deformation parameters in a protection place, and judge whether the protection place has a fire disaster or not through a multi-parameter fusion algorithm and a set logic program;
the fire extinguishing system is a high-pressure carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system or a low-pressure carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system or a hydrofluorocarbon fire extinguishing system or an FK-5112 fire extinguishing system or a dry powder fire extinguishing system or a liquid nitrogen fire extinguishing system or a water system fire extinguishing system;
the fireproof separation device (7) is a fireproof plate or an inorganic fiber plate with flame-retardant and heat-insulating properties.
2. The method for realizing the fire prevention and control device by adopting the lithium ion battery energy storage system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) when a fire disaster occurs in a lithium ion battery box (5) or an electrical cabinet (2) in an energy storage station (1) of the energy storage system, a fire disaster detection device (6) arranged in the battery box (5) or the electrical cabinet (2) detects the fire disaster, and the fire disaster detection device (6) transmits a fire disaster signal to an electrical control device (10);
(2) the electric control device (10) is linked with the air inlet channel stop valve (8) and the air outlet channel stop valve (18) to be closed, and a battery cluster branch pipeline branch selection valve (17) of a fire battery cluster (3) or an electric cabinet branch pipeline selection valve (20) of an electric cabinet (2) are opened, and a fire extinguishing system is started at the same time;
(3) the fire extinguishing agent of the fire extinguishing agent storage device (9) sprays the fire extinguishing agent through a main conveying pipeline, a battery cluster branch pipeline (16) for fire occurrence and a nozzle (4) arranged in a battery box (5) or an electrical cabinet (2), so as to form a total flooding effect, achieve the purposes of rapidly extinguishing the fire and effectively reducing the temperature of a battery, and extinguish the fire and achieve the purpose of no re-combustion within 24 hours;
(4) after the fire is completely extinguished and the occurrence of the reburning of the fire is ensured, the energy storage station (1) is ventilated, if the oxygen concentration of the energy storage station (1) is lower than 16%, the oxygen concentration detector (15) sends a detection signal to the electrical control device (10), the electrical control device (10) controls the audible and visual alarm (13) to send out an audible and visual alarm signal, and a forbidden person enters the energy storage station (1);
(5) if the fire detection device (6) cannot detect the fire in time, the fire in the battery box (5) or the electrical cabinet (2) is spread, and the fire prevention separation device (7) arranged between the battery box (5) or the battery cluster (3) or between the electrical cabinet (2) and the battery cluster (3) can block the spread of the fire, so that the fire is prevented from spreading to the adjacent battery box (5) or the adjacent battery cluster (3).
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| AU2020377814A1 (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2022-03-17 | Lg Energy Solution, Ltd. | Battery rack and power storage device comprising same |
| CN111249660B (en) * | 2020-02-21 | 2022-03-29 | 成都领派科技有限公司 | Fire-fighting automatic fire-extinguishing intelligent control system and automatic fire-extinguishing method |
| CN111388915B (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2021-06-29 | 应急管理部天津消防研究所 | Method, device, equipment and storage medium for inhibiting lithium ion battery thermal runaway fire |
| CN111569308A (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2020-08-25 | 上海融和元储能源有限公司 | Energy storage container fire extinguishing system |
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| CN114159712B (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-08-23 | 国网湖北省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Fire source isolation device for energy storage battery container |
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