CN115966616A - Passivation laminated battery and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Passivation laminated battery and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115966616A CN115966616A CN202310083510.9A CN202310083510A CN115966616A CN 115966616 A CN115966616 A CN 115966616A CN 202310083510 A CN202310083510 A CN 202310083510A CN 115966616 A CN115966616 A CN 115966616A
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- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 187
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000172 poly(styrenesulfonic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940005642 polystyrene sulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- BZFGKBQHQJVAHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine-4-carboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=NC(C(F)(F)F)=C1 BZFGKBQHQJVAHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KIMPAVBWSFLENS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-carbazol-9-ylethylphosphonic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3N(C1=2)CCP(O)(O)=O KIMPAVBWSFLENS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DKIDEFUBRARXTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-mercaptopropanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCS DKIDEFUBRARXTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HTPXFGUCAUTOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9h-fluorene-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=C1C(C(=O)O)=CC=C2 HTPXFGUCAUTOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DNVJGJUGFFYUPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9h-fluorene-9-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C(=O)O)C3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 DNVJGJUGFFYUPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JYFHYPJRHGVZDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dibutyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(O)(=O)OCCCC JYFHYPJRHGVZDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of solar cells and provides a passivation laminated cell and a preparation method thereof, wherein the passivation laminated cell comprises a first cell group and a second cell group which are arranged in a laminated mode and connected in series or in parallel, and the side surfaces of the first cell group and the second cell group are both provided with a first passivation layer; the upper surface of the first battery pack and the lower surface of the second battery pack are both provided with a second passivation layer; when the first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected in series, a first passivation layer is arranged on an exposed surface of the second battery pack when the second battery pack is in contact with the first battery pack laminated layer; when the two are connected in parallel, a second passivation layer is arranged on an exposed surface of the second battery pack when the second battery pack is in contact with the first battery pack laminated layer; the material of the first passivation layer comprises an organic passivation material; the material of the second passivation layer includes an organic passivation material and a low dimensional conductive material. Through the technical scheme, the technical problems that the passivation process of the laminated battery is complicated, the cost is high, the battery structure is damaged by high-temperature passivation, and the battery efficiency is reduced in the related technology are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solar cells, in particular to a passivation laminated cell and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The laminated solar cell is formed by connecting solar cells with different band gaps in series, has a relatively simple structure, and can improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell. The two-end laminated battery has the same structure as the current industrialized battery, and compared with the four-end laminated battery, when the two-end laminated battery is prepared into a power station and the like and is applied to industrialization, equipment such as an inverter is not required to be additionally added, and the two-end laminated battery can be compatible with the industrialized process, so that the two-end laminated battery becomes a main research object. In the two-end laminated cells, the perovskite/crystalline silicon two-end laminated cells are perovskite cells directly grown on silicon cells, the middle part of the perovskite/crystalline silicon two-end laminated cells is connected with two sub-cells through a composite layer, a series connection structure is realized, the perovskite/crystalline silicon two-end laminated cells have the authentication efficiency of 32.5%, and the huge potential of the structural cell is further proved.
However, the side defects of a laminate cell made of two different semiconductor materials seriously affect the further improvement of the cell efficiency. Prior art passivation techniques such as SiO 2 Passivation, a-Si-H passivation, siNx passivation or Al 2 O 3 And passivation is incompatible with the existing perovskite/crystalline silicon laminated cell process. That is, when one sub-battery is passivated, another sub-battery may need to be protected by a mask to prevent the battery from being contaminated by passivation materials, and a high-temperature process required when a crystalline silicon battery is passivated may damage the perovskite battery structure, so that the passivation of the stacked battery in the prior art is difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a passivation laminated cell and a preparation method thereof, and solves the technical problems that the passivation process of the laminated cell is complicated, the cost is high, the high-temperature passivation damages the cell structure and reduces the cell efficiency in the related technology.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a passivation laminated battery, which comprises a first battery pack and a second battery pack which are arranged in a laminated manner,
the first battery pack is connected with the second battery pack in series or in parallel;
the side surface of the first battery pack and the side surface of the second battery pack are both provided with a first passivation layer;
the upper surface of the first battery pack and the lower surface of the second battery pack are both provided with a second passivation layer;
when the first battery pack is connected with the second battery pack in series, the first passivation layer is arranged on an exposed surface of the second battery pack in contact with the first battery pack laminated layer;
when the first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected in parallel, the second passivation layer is arranged on the exposed surface of the second battery pack when the second battery pack is in contact with the first battery pack laminated layer;
the material of the first passivation layer comprises an organic passivation material;
the material of the second passivation layer includes an organic passivation material and a low dimensional conductive material.
As a further technical solution, the first battery pack and the second battery pack each independently include one sub-battery or a plurality of sub-batteries connected in parallel, and a side surface of each sub-battery is provided with the first passivation layer.
As a further technical solution, the first battery pack and the second battery pack each independently include a silicon battery, a perovskite battery, a gallium arsenide battery, a copper indium gallium selenide battery, a dye-sensitized battery, and an organic polymer battery.
As a further technical solution, the organic passivation material includes an organic compound containing a sulfonic acid group, a phosphoric acid group, or a carboxylic acid group.
The organic compound containing sulfonic acid groups comprises one or more of Nafion, perfluorosulfonic acid and polystyrene sulfonic acid;
the organic compound containing phosphate groups comprises one or more of 2PACz, meO-2PACz and dibutyl phosphate;
the organic compound containing the carboxylic acid group comprises one or more of mercaptopropionic acid, 4-pyridinecarboxylic acid, fluorene-9-carboxylic acid and fluorene-1-carboxylic acid.
As a further technical scheme, the low-dimensional conductive material comprises poly-3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene conductive polymer nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, graphene and MoS 2 Black phosphorus, WSe 2 Nanotubes, hexagonal boron nitride and MXene.
As a further technical solution, the passivation stacked cell further includes a third cell set stacked with the second cell set, and the third cell set is connected in series or in parallel with the second cell set;
the side surface of the third battery pack is provided with the first passivation layer;
when the third battery pack is connected with the second battery pack in series, the first passivation layer is arranged on the exposed surface of the second battery pack when the second battery pack is in laminated contact with the third battery pack;
when the third battery pack is connected with the second battery pack in parallel, the second passivation layer is arranged on the exposed surface of the second battery pack when the second battery pack is in laminated contact with the third battery pack;
the second passivation layer is arranged on the lower surface of the third battery pack.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the passivation laminated cell, which comprises the following steps:
s1, laminating the second battery pack to be connected in series or in parallel with the first battery pack to obtain a laminated battery;
s2, preparing a material solution of the first passivation layer and a material solution of the second passivation layer;
s3, when the second battery pack is connected with the first battery pack in series, coating a material solution of a passivation layer on the side face of the first battery pack, the side face of the second battery pack and an exposed face of the second battery pack and the first battery pack when the second battery pack and the first battery pack are in laminated contact by adopting a coating process under the conditions of normal temperature and normal pressure to prepare a first passivation layer; coating the material solution of the second passivation layer on the upper surface of the first battery pack and the lower surface of the second battery pack by adopting a coating process at normal temperature and normal pressure to prepare a second passivation layer, so as to obtain a passivation laminated battery;
or when the second battery pack is connected with the first battery pack in parallel, coating a material solution of a passivation layer on the side surface of the first battery pack and the side surface of the second battery pack by adopting a coating process under the conditions of normal temperature and normal pressure to prepare a first passivation layer; and coating the material solution of the second passivation layer on the upper surface of the first battery pack, the lower surface of the second battery pack and the exposed surface of the second battery pack and the first battery pack in laminated contact by adopting a coating process at normal temperature and normal pressure to prepare the second passivation layer, so as to obtain the passivation laminated battery.
As a further technical solution, the coating process includes one of spray coating, spin coating, blade coating, printing or drop coating.
As a further technical scheme, the material solution of the first passivation layer comprises an organic passivation material and a solvent, and the mass concentration of the material solution of the first passivation layer is 0.3% -6.0%; the solvent comprises one or more of water, methanol, ethanol and isopropanol.
As a further technical scheme, the material solution of the second passivation layer comprises an organic passivation material, a low-dimensional conductive material and a solvent, the mass ratio of the organic passivation material to the low-dimensional conductive material to the solvent is (50-1000) to (0.4-1.6) to (0-950), and the solvent comprises one or more of water, methanol, ethanol and isopropanol.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. according to the laminated battery, the first passivation layers are arranged on the side surface of the first battery pack, the side surface of the second battery pack and the exposed surface of the second battery pack in laminated contact with the first battery pack, and when the side surface of the first battery pack is passivated, the side surface and the exposed surface of the second battery pack are not required to be protected by masks so as to avoid the battery from being polluted by passivation materials, so that the passivation process is simpler and the cost is low.
2. According to the invention, the first passivation layers are arranged on the side surface of the first battery pack, the side surface of the second battery pack and the exposed surface, dipoles are orderly arranged and are uniformly oriented to form a polarization field, and minority carriers are driven to be far away from the side surface of the first battery pack, the side surface of the second battery pack and the exposed surface by the ferroelectric polarization fields on the side surface of the first battery pack and the side surface of the second battery pack, so that the purposes of passivating the suspension keys and defect states in the side surface of the first battery pack, the side surface of the second battery pack and the exposed surface are realized, the carrier recombination of the side surface of the first battery pack, the side surface of the second battery pack and the exposed surface is reduced, the open-circuit voltage and the filling factor of the photovoltaic laminated cell are improved, and the output power of the laminated cell is further improved.
3. According to the invention, the first passivation layer is arranged on the exposed surface of the second battery pack when the second battery pack is in contact with the first battery pack, so that the problem that the passivation effect is weakened due to the fact that the exposed surface is lack of transparent electrode protection and hydrogen evolution phenomenon is caused is solved, and the interface recombination of current carriers is reduced, thereby improving the efficiency of the laminated battery.
4. According to the invention, the material of the first passivation layer comprises an organic passivation material, on one hand, the organic passivation material can be prepared by solution and coated on the side surface of the first battery pack, the side surface of the second battery pack and the exposed surface to form the first passivation layer, the passivation process is carried out at normal temperature and normal pressure without high temperature and high pressure vacuum, the damage of the passivation process to the structure of the laminated cell is avoided, and the efficiency of the laminated cell is improved; on the other hand, the organic passivation material simultaneously passivates the side surfaces of the first battery pack and the second battery pack which contain different semiconductor materials, and the passivation effect is good.
5. According to the invention, the second passivation layer is arranged, so that the passivation effect on the upper surface of the first battery pack and the lower surface of the second battery pack can be realized, the conductive function can also be realized, the second passivation layer is electrically connected with the electrode, the interface recombination with the electrode is reduced, the current collection effect is increased, the efficiency of the laminated battery is further improved, meanwhile, the electric conduction can be realized without opening a hole in the passivation layer, and the passivation method is simple.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a passivated laminate cell according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a passivated laminate cell of example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a passivated laminate cell of example 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a passivated laminate cell of example 4 of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-a first battery pack, 2-a second battery pack, 3-a first passivation layer, 4-a second passivation layer, 5-an exposed surface, and 6-a third battery pack.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall relate to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the passivated stacked cell includes a first cell group 1 and a second cell group 2 which are connected in series and stacked, and are used for converting light irradiated on light receiving surfaces of the first cell group 1 and the second cell group 2 into electric energy and outputting the electric energy;
the first cell stack 1 comprises a perovskite battery sub-cell, the second cell stack 2 comprises a silicon battery sub-cell;
the side surface of the first battery pack 1, the side surface of the second battery pack 2 and an exposed surface 5 of the second battery pack 2 in laminated contact with the first battery pack 1 are provided with first passivation layers 3, and the materials of the first passivation layers 3 comprise organic passivation materials;
first, the first passivation layer 3 is arranged on the side surface of the first battery pack 1, the side surface of the second battery pack 2 and the exposed surface 5, dipoles are formed on the side surface of the first battery pack 1, the side surface of the second battery pack 2 and the exposed surface 5 in order and are aligned in the same direction to form a polarization field, and minority carriers are driven to be far away from the side surface of the first battery pack 1, the side surface of the second battery pack 2 and the exposed surface 5 by the ferroelectric polarization fields on the side surface of the first battery pack 1 and the side surface of the second battery pack 2, so that the purpose of passivating dangling bonds and defect states in the side surface of the first battery pack 1, the side surface of the second battery pack 2 and the exposed surface 5 is achieved, the carrier recombination of the side surface of the first battery pack 1, the side surface of the second battery pack 2 and the exposed surface 5 is reduced, the open-circuit voltage and the filling factor of the photovoltaic laminated battery are improved, and the output power of the laminated battery is further improved.
Secondly, because the side surface of the first battery pack 1, the side surface of the second battery pack 2 and the exposed surface 5 are all provided with the first passivation layer 3, when the side surface of the first battery pack 1 is passivated, the side surface of the second battery pack 2 and the exposed surface 5 are not required to be protected by a mask so as to avoid the battery from being polluted by a passivation material, so that the passivation process is simpler and the cost is low;
thirdly, the first passivation layer 3 is arranged on the exposed surface 5 when the second battery pack 2 is in laminated contact with the first battery pack 1, so that the problem that the passivation effect is weakened due to the fact that the exposed surface 5 lacks of transparent electrode protection and hydrogen evolution occurs is solved, interface recombination of carriers is reduced, and the efficiency of the laminated battery is improved.
Fourthly, the material of the first passivation layer 3 comprises an organic passivation material, the organic passivation material can be prepared by solution and coated on the side surface of the first battery pack 1, the side surface of the second battery pack 2 and the exposed surface 5 to form the first passivation layer 3, the passivation process is carried out at normal temperature and normal pressure without high temperature and high pressure vacuum, the damage of the passivation process to the structure of the laminated cell is avoided, and the efficiency of the laminated cell is improved.
The upper surface of the first battery pack 1 and the lower surface of the second battery pack 2 are both provided with a second passivation layer 4, and the material of the second passivation layer 4 comprises an organic passivation material and a low-dimensional conductive material;
the arrangement of the second passivation layer 4 can realize the passivation effect on the upper surface of the first battery pack 1 and the lower surface of the second battery pack 2 and can also realize the conductive function, the second passivation layer 4 is electrically connected with the electrode, the interface recombination with the electrode is reduced, the current collection effect is also increased, the efficiency of the laminated battery is further improved, meanwhile, the electric conduction can be realized without opening a hole in the passivation layer, and the passivation method is simple.
When light irradiates on a battery, photon-generated minority carriers (minority carriers for short) are generated, wherein the minority carriers comprise electrons and holes, the front and back surface defects and the side surface defects of the battery are fewer, the minority carriers are less compounded with the defects, the front and back surface defects are fewer, the open-circuit voltage and the filling factor of the battery are higher, the front and back surface recombination rate of the minority carriers is smaller, the minority carrier life is longer, the photon-generated minority carriers collected by the battery are more, the efficiency is higher, and the effective minority carrier life is calculated according to the following formula:
in the above formula, τ eff is the effective minority carrier lifetime, τ bulk is the bulk minority carrier lifetime of the battery, τ l is the side minority carrier lifetime of the battery, W is the thickness of the battery, and Sf and Sb are the front surface recombination rate and the rear surface recombination rate of the battery, respectively.
In the embodiment, defects on the side surface, the exposed surface 5, the upper surface, the lower surface and the like of the laminated battery are passivated, the front surface recombination rate Sf and the rear surface recombination rate Sb are reduced, and the side surface minority carrier lifetime τ l is increased.
Therefore, in the embodiment, the defects of the side surface, the exposed surface 5, the upper surface, the lower surface and the like of the laminated cell are passivated, the open-circuit voltage, the filling factor, the efficiency and the like of the laminated cell are improved, the preparation method of the laminated cell is simple to operate, the formed passivation layers are uniform and consistent, and industrial mass preparation can be realized.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, the passivated laminate battery includes a first battery pack 1 and a second battery pack 2 which are connected in parallel and stacked, and are used for converting light irradiated on light receiving surfaces of the first battery pack 1 and the second battery pack 2 into electric energy and outputting the electric energy;
the first cell stack 1 comprises a perovskite cell sub-cell, the second cell stack 2 comprises a silicon cell sub-cell;
the side surface of the first battery pack 1 and the side surface of the second battery pack 2 are both provided with a first passivation layer 3, and the material of the first passivation layer 3 comprises an organic passivation material;
the side surfaces of the first battery pack 1 and the second battery pack 2 are respectively provided with a first passivation layer 3, dipoles are formed on the side surfaces of the first battery pack 1 and the second battery pack 2 and are arranged in order, the orientations are consistent, a polarization field is formed, minority carriers are driven to be far away from the side surfaces of the first battery pack 1 and the second battery pack 2 through the ferroelectric polarization fields on the side surfaces of the first battery pack 1 and the second battery pack 2, accordingly, the purposes of passivating suspension keys and defect states in the side surfaces of the first battery pack 1 and the second battery pack 2 are achieved, carrier recombination of the side surfaces of the first battery pack 1 and the second battery pack 2 is reduced, the open-circuit voltage and the filling factor of the photovoltaic laminated battery are improved, and the output power of the laminated battery is further improved.
The upper surface of the first battery pack 1, the lower surface of the second battery pack 2 and an exposed surface 5 of the second battery pack 2 in laminated contact with the first battery pack 1 are provided with second passivation layers 4, and the materials of the second passivation layers 4 comprise organic passivation materials and low-dimensional conductive materials;
the arrangement of the second passivation layer 4 can realize the passivation effect on the upper surface of the first battery pack 1, the lower surface of the second battery pack 2 and the exposed surface 5 and can also realize the conductive function, the upper surface of the first battery pack 1 and the lower surface of the second battery pack 2 are electrically connected with one common electrode, the exposed surface 5 when the second battery pack 2 is in laminated contact with the first battery pack 1 is used as another common electrode to realize parallel connection, the electrode shading of the exposed surface 5 is avoided, the light irradiated on the exposed surface 5 is fully utilized, and the photocurrent of the laminated battery is greatly increased.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 3, the passivated stacked cell includes a first cell group 1 and a second cell group 2 connected in series and stacked to convert light irradiated onto light receiving surfaces of the first cell group 1 and the second cell group 2 into electric energy and output the electric energy;
the first battery pack 1 comprises two gallium arsenide sub-batteries which are connected in parallel, the second battery pack 2 comprises a copper indium gallium selenide sub-battery, and the sub-batteries which are connected in parallel need to meet a voltage matching condition, namely all the sub-batteries which are connected in parallel have approximate voltage, and the total current is the sum of the currents of the sub-batteries which are connected in parallel;
the side surface of the first battery pack 1, the side surface of the second battery pack 2 and an exposed surface 5 of the second battery pack 2 in laminated contact with the first battery pack 1 are provided with first passivation layers 3, and the materials of the first passivation layers 3 comprise organic passivation materials;
the upper surface of the first battery pack 1 and the lower surface of the second battery pack 2 are both provided with a second passivation layer 4, and the material of the second passivation layer 4 includes an organic passivation material and a low-dimensional conductive material.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 4, the passivated stacked cell comprises a first cell group 1, a second cell group 2 and a third cell group 6 which are stacked, wherein the first cell group 1 is connected with the second cell group 2 and the third cell group 6 in series;
the first cell set 1 comprises a dye-sensitized battery sub-cell, the second cell set 2 comprises a silicon battery sub-cell, and the third cell set 6 comprises an organic polymer sub-cell;
the side surface of the first battery pack 1 and the side surface of the second battery pack 2, the side surface of the third battery pack 6, an exposed surface 5 of the second battery pack 2 in laminated contact with the first battery pack 1 and an exposed surface 5 of the second battery pack 2 in laminated contact with the third battery pack 6 are provided with first passivation layers 3, and the first passivation layers 3 are made of organic passivation materials;
the upper surface of the first battery pack 1 and the lower surface of the third battery pack 6 are both provided with a second passivation layer 4, and the material of the second passivation layer 4 includes an organic passivation material and a low-dimensional conductive material.
In this embodiment, the stacked cell has a three-layer structure, the first passivation layer 3 is disposed on the side surfaces of the first cell group 1, the second cell group 2, and the third cell group 6, and when the side surface of the first cell group 1 is passivated, the side surface of the second cell group 2, the exposed surface 5, and the side surface of the third cell group 6 are not required to be protected by a mask so as to prevent the cell from being contaminated by a passivation material, so that the passivation process is simpler and the cost is low. The laminated battery comprises at least two battery packs connected in series or in parallel, and the working principle of the laminated battery with the four-layer structure, the five-layer structure and the more layers of the laminated battery is consistent with that of the laminated battery with the two-layer structure and the three-layer structure, and the description is omitted here.
Example 5
The structure of the passivated laminated cell is shown in figure 1, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, laminating and connecting a perovskite battery of a first battery pack 1 on a silicon battery of a second battery pack 2 in series to obtain a laminated battery; the surface area of the silicon cell is 2.5cm by 2.5cm, and the surface area of the perovskite cell is 1cm by 1cm;
s2, preparing a material solution of the first passivation layer 3: dissolving 0.3g of polystyrene sulfonic acid in 99.7g of ethanol to obtain a material solution of the first passivation layer 3 with the mass concentration of 0.3%;
preparing a material solution of the second passivation layer 4: dissolving 5g of polystyrene sulfonic acid in 95g of ethanol, adding 0.04g of carbon nano tube, and uniformly mixing to obtain a material solution of a second passivation layer 4;
s3, coating a material solution of a passivation layer 3 on the side surface of the first battery pack 1, the side surface of the second battery pack 2 and an exposed surface 5 of the second battery pack 2 and the first battery pack 1 in laminated contact by adopting a coating process under the conditions of normal temperature and normal pressure to prepare a first passivation layer 3; coating the material solution of the second passivation layer 4 on the upper surface of the first battery pack 1 and the lower surface of the second battery pack 2 by adopting a coating process at normal temperature and normal pressure to prepare the second passivation layer 4, so as to obtain the passivation laminated battery, wherein the highest efficiency is 26.07%, and the short-circuit current is 17.16mA/cm 2 The open circuit voltage was 1.87V and the fill factor was 81.05%.
Comparative example 1
The passivated laminate cell of this comparative example only differs from example 5 in that the second passivation layer 4 is not included, i.e. the method of manufacturing a passivated laminate cell, comprises the following steps:
s1, laminating and connecting a perovskite battery of a first battery pack 1 on a silicon battery of a second battery pack 2 in series to obtain a laminated battery; the surface area of the silicon cell is 2.5cm by 2.5cm, and the surface area of the perovskite cell is 1cm by 1cm;
s2, preparing a material solution of the first passivation layer 3: dissolving 0.3g of polystyrene sulfonic acid in 99.7g of ethanol to obtain a material solution of the first passivation layer 3 with the mass concentration of 0.3%;
s3, coating the material solution of the first passivation layer 3 on the side face of the first battery pack 1, the side face of the second battery pack 2 and the exposed face 5 of the second battery pack 2 and the first battery pack 1 in laminated contact by adopting a coating process under the conditions of normal temperature and normal pressure to prepare the first passivation layer 3, so that the passivated laminated cell is obtained, the highest efficiency is 24.50%, and the short-circuit current is 17.15mA/cm 2 The open circuit voltage was 1.83V and the fill factor was 78.06%.
Comparative example 2
The passivated laminate cell of this comparative example differs from example 5 only in that the first passivation layer 3 is not included, i.e. the method of manufacturing a passivated laminate cell, comprises the following steps:
s1, laminating and connecting a perovskite battery of a first battery pack 1 on a silicon battery of a second battery pack 2 in series to obtain a laminated battery; the surface area of the silicon cell is 2.5cm by 2.5cm, and the surface area of the perovskite cell is 1cm by 1cm;
s2, preparing a material solution of the second passivation layer 4: dissolving 5g of polystyrene sulfonic acid in 95g of ethanol, adding 0.04g of carbon nano tube, and uniformly mixing to obtain a material solution of a second passivation layer 4;
s3, coating the material solution of the second passivation layer 4 on the upper surface of the first battery pack 1 and the lower surface of the second battery pack 2 by adopting a coating process at normal temperature and normal pressure to prepare the second passivation layer 4, so that the passivated laminated cell is obtained, the highest efficiency is 25.34%, and the short-circuit current is 17.26mA/cm 2 The open circuit voltage was 1.84V and the fill factor was 79.72%.
Comparative example 3
Comparison of booksThe example laminate battery differs from example 5 only in that the first passivation layer 3 and the second passivation layer 4 are not included, i.e. the method for manufacturing a laminate battery comprises the following steps: laminating and connecting the perovskite battery of the first battery pack 1 on the silicon battery of the second battery pack 2 in series to obtain a laminated battery; the surface area of the silicon cell was 2.5cm x 2.5cm, the surface area of the perovskite cell was 1cm x 1cm, and a laminate cell was obtained with a maximum efficiency of 22.23% and a short-circuit current of 17.17mA/cm 2 The open circuit voltage was 1.80V and the fill factor was 71.95%.
The data for example 5 and comparative examples 1-3 are summarized in the following table:
| group of | Open circuit voltage (V) | Short circuit current (mA/cm) 2 ) | Filling factor (%) | Maximum efficiency (%) |
| Example 5 | 1.87 | 17.16 | 81.05 | 26.07 |
| Comparative example 1 | 1.83 | 17.15 | 78.06 | 24.50 |
| Comparative example 2 | 1.84 | 17.26 | 79.72 | 25.34 |
| Comparative example 3 | 1.80 | 17.17 | 71.95 | 22.23 |
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A passivated laminate battery comprising a first stack (1) and a second stack (2) arranged in a laminate,
the first battery pack (1) and the second battery pack (2) are connected in series or in parallel;
the side surface of the first battery pack (1) and the side surface of the second battery pack (2) are both provided with a first passivation layer (3);
the upper surface of the first battery pack (1) and the lower surface of the second battery pack (2) are both provided with a second passivation layer (4);
when the first battery pack (1) is connected with the second battery pack (2) in series, the first passivation layer (3) is arranged on an exposed surface (5) of the second battery pack (2) when the second battery pack (2) is in laminated contact with the first battery pack (1);
when the first battery pack (1) is connected with the second battery pack (2) in parallel, the second passivation layer (4) is arranged on an exposed surface (5) of the second battery pack (2) when the second battery pack (2) is in laminated contact with the first battery pack (1);
the material of the first passivation layer (3) comprises an organic passivation material;
the material of the second passivation layer (4) comprises an organic passivation material and a low dimensional conductive material.
2. A passivation stack according to claim 1, characterized in that the first battery (1) and the second battery (2) each independently comprise a sub-cell or a plurality of sub-cells connected in parallel, each of whose lateral surfaces is provided with the first passivation layer (3).
3. The passivation stack cell according to claim 1, characterized in that the first cell stack (1) and the second cell stack (2) each independently comprise a silicon cell, a perovskite cell, a gallium arsenide cell, a copper indium gallium selenide cell, a dye sensitized cell and an organic polymer cell.
4. A passivation stack cell according to claim 1, characterized in that the organic passivation material comprises an organic compound containing a sulfonic, phosphoric or carboxylic acid group;
the organic compound containing sulfonic acid groups comprises one or more of Nafion, perfluorosulfonic acid and polystyrene sulfonic acid;
the organic compound containing phosphoric acid groups comprises one or more of 2PACz, meO-2PACz and dibutyl phosphate;
the organic compound containing the carboxylic acid group comprises one or more of mercaptopropionic acid, 4-pyridine carboxylic acid, fluorene-9-carboxylic acid and fluorene-1-carboxylic acid.
5. The passivation laminate battery of claim 1, wherein the low dimensional conductive material comprises poly-3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene conductive polymer nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, graphene, moS 2 Black phosphorus, WSe 2 Nanotubes, hexagonal boron nitride and MXene.
6. A passivation stack cell according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a third cell stack (6) arranged in stack with the second cell stack (2), said third cell stack (6) being connected in series or in parallel with the second cell stack (2);
the first passivation layer (3) is arranged on the side surface of the third battery pack (6);
when the third battery pack (6) is connected with the second battery pack (2) in series, the first passivation layer (3) is arranged on an exposed surface (5) of the second battery pack (2) when the second battery pack (6) is in laminated contact with the third battery pack (6);
when the third battery pack (6) is connected with the second battery pack (2) in parallel, the second passivation layer (4) is arranged on an exposed surface (5) of the second battery pack (2) when the second battery pack (6) is in laminated contact with the third battery pack (6);
the lower surface of the third battery pack (6) is provided with the second passivation layer (4).
7. A method of making a passivated laminate cell according to claim 1 comprising the steps of:
s1, stacking the first battery pack (1) in series or in parallel on the second battery pack (2) to obtain a stacked battery;
s2, preparing a material solution of the first passivation layer (3) and a material solution of the second passivation layer (4);
s3, when the second battery pack (2) is connected with the first battery pack (1) in series, coating a material solution of the first passivation layer (3) on the side face of the first battery pack (1), the side face of the second battery pack (2) and an exposed face (5) of the second battery pack (2) and the first battery pack (1) in laminated contact by adopting a coating process under the conditions of normal temperature and normal pressure to prepare the first passivation layer (3); under the conditions of normal temperature and normal pressure, coating the material solution of the second passivation layer (4) on the upper surface of the first battery pack (1) and the lower surface of the second battery pack (2) by adopting a coating process to prepare the second passivation layer (4) so as to obtain a passivation laminated battery;
or, when the second battery pack (2) is connected with the first battery pack (1) in parallel, coating a material solution of a passivation layer on the side surface of the first battery pack (1) and the side surface of the second battery pack (2) by adopting a coating process under the conditions of normal temperature and normal pressure to prepare a first passivation layer (3); and under the conditions of normal temperature and normal pressure, coating the material solution of the second passivation layer (4) on the upper surface of the first battery pack (1), the lower surface of the second battery pack (2) and the exposed surface (5) of the second battery pack (2) and the first battery pack (1) during lamination contact by adopting a coating process to prepare the second passivation layer (4), so as to obtain the passivation laminated battery.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the coating process comprises one of spray coating, spin coating, doctor blading, printing, or drop coating.
9. The method for preparing a passivated laminated cell according to claim 7, characterized in that the material solution of the first passivation layer (3) comprises an organic passivation material and a solvent, the mass concentration of the material solution of the first passivation layer (3) is 0.3% -6.0%; the solvent comprises one or more of water, methanol, ethanol and isopropanol.
10. The method for preparing a passivated laminate cell according to claim 7 wherein the material solution of the second passivation layer (4) comprises an organic passivation material, a low dimensional conductive material and a solvent, the mass ratio of the organic passivation material, the low dimensional conductive material and the solvent is (50-1000): (0.4-1.6): (0-950), and the solvent comprises one or more of water, methanol, ethanol and isopropanol.
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