CN115963031A

CN115963031A - Multi-station electromagnetic drive valve high-temperature wear test device

Info

Publication number: CN115963031A
Application number: CN202211733120.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赖福强; 刘志锋; 李德文; 石创伟; 吴章斌
Original assignee: Fuzhou University
Current assignee: Fuzhou University
Priority date: 2022-12-31
Filing date: 2022-12-31
Publication date: 2023-04-14

Abstract

The invention relates to a test testing device, in particular to a multi-station electromagnetically-driven valve high-temperature wear testing device which comprises a rack, wherein two groups of test assemblies are arranged on the rack, each group of test assemblies is supported by a valve-seat ring for mounting a valve and a seat ring, an electromagnetic loading mechanism of the valve is arranged on the upper side of the valve-seat ring support, a high-temperature heating device is arranged on a loading rod of the electromagnetic loading mechanism and the valve-seat ring support, a resetting device for driving the valve to reset is arranged on the lower side of the valve-seat ring support, and a rotating device for driving the valve to rotate is further arranged on the rack. The device can simultaneously simulate the valve-seat ring high-temperature abrasion test of the intake valve and the exhaust valve of the engine under the actual working condition.

Description

Multi-station electromagnetic drive valve high-temperature wear test device

Technical Field

The invention relates to a test device, in particular to a multi-station electromagnetically-driven high-temperature wear test device for a valve.

Background

The valve-seat contact pair ensures the sealing of the combustion chamber, is an important part of the combustion chamber and controls the breathing of the engine. With the continuous improvement of the technical level of the engine in China, the engine is required to have higher power density, namely higher power and smaller volume, so that the temperature and pressure in the engine cylinder are continuously improved, and the working environment of parts of the engine is further deteriorated. Meanwhile, with the increasing requirement of reliability, higher requirements are put forward on each part of the engine. In addition, due to the use of clean fuels such as natural gas in recent years, the combustion temperature in the engine cylinder is higher and the combustion products are cleaner. For gasoline and diesel engines, proper combustion product coverage on the contact surfaces can provide some lubrication and protection, but for natural gas engines this "protection" is greatly diminished. When the engine is in a working cycle, the air inlet valve and the air outlet valve are opened and closed once, and in the process, the air inlet valve and the air outlet valve bear frequent reciprocating seating impact, direct flushing of high-temperature gas and corrosion of waste gas, so that the working environment is severe. Thus placing higher demands on the performance of the valve.

The valve is subjected to the engine complete machine test to evaluate the high-temperature wear performance, and the method has long time consumption, high cost and complex process. The wear resistance, corrosion resistance, fatigue performance and the like of the material can be evaluated by carrying out a traditional material friction wear test on the material of the valve, but a mechanism of valve sinking caused by wear under the working condition of an engine cannot be obtained. The test data obtained by the special valve high-temperature wear test device is greatly different from that of the traditional material friction wear test device, and the valve wear test by using the special valve high-temperature wear test device is very important. The existing high-temperature valve wear test device is mainly driven by machinery or hydraulic pressure, the mechanical driving mode is low in cost and simple to maintain, but the load loading precision and the seating loading frequency are low. The hydraulic driving mode has fast response, high precision, can realize large-load loading, is easy to generate oil leakage phenomenon to cause pollution, and has high cost. In addition, in current valve high temperature wear test device, the test device that can simulate valve rotation operating mode and realize a plurality of samples simultaneous tests is less.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a multi-station electromagnetically-driven valve high-temperature wear test device which can simultaneously simulate a valve-seat ring high-temperature wear test of an engine intake valve and an engine exhaust valve under actual working conditions.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the multi-station electromagnetic-driven valve high-temperature wear test device comprises a rack, wherein two groups of test components are arranged on the rack, each group of test components is supported by a valve seat ring including a valve and a seat ring, the upper side of the valve seat ring support is provided with an electromagnetic loading mechanism of the valve, a high-temperature heating device is arranged on a loading rod of the electromagnetic loading mechanism and the valve seat ring support, the lower side of the valve seat ring support is provided with a resetting device for driving the valve to reset, and the rack is further provided with a rotating device for driving the valve to rotate.

Further, the frame includes the bottom plate, install first plywood, second plywood, third plywood, fourth plywood and roof through the stand from bottom to top in proper order on the bottom plate, valve-seat circle support is installed on the second plywood, resetting means installs between bottom plate and first plywood, the downside of bottom plate is provided with the shock pad.

Further, the valve-seat ring support comprises a box body arranged on the upper side of the second laminate, a valve guide cylinder is vertically arranged in the box body, a seat ring supporting seat with a seat ring arranged at the upper end is arranged on the upper side of the valve guide cylinder, the valve penetrates through the seat ring, the valve guide cylinder, the box body and the second laminate, and the bottom surface of the box body is further provided with a cooling structure.

Furthermore, a positioning plate matched with the box body is arranged on the second layer plate, an avoidance hole for the lower part of the valve box body to penetrate through is formed in the second layer plate, and the box body is fixed on the second layer plate through a positioning pin; the cooling structure comprises a cooling water tank arranged on the lower end face of the box body, and a cooling water tank cover is sealed on the cooling water tank.

Furthermore, electromagnetism loading mechanism is including fixing the electromagnetism actuator on the roof downside, the moving-iron axle of electromagnetism actuator passes the fourth floor and is connected with the normal atmospheric temperature section of loading pole through force sensor, passes third floor and the middle part is provided with cooling jacket on the loading pole, and the high-temperature section of loading pole stretches into high temperature heating device and with valve's disc terminal surface looks butt.

Further, electromagnetic actuator includes the casing, the casing lower extreme is provided with the closing cap, and casing upper portion is provided with fixed iron core, winding direct current coil on the fixed iron core, the downside of fixed iron core sets up the moving iron axle of wearing out the closing cap, move epaxial winding alternating current coil of iron.

Furthermore, the high-temperature heating device comprises an electric heating furnace sleeved on the outer side of the upper part of the box body, and a support frame with the lower end supporting the ground is fixed on the side wall of the electric heating furnace.

Furthermore, the lower ends of the air valves are connected with ER chucks, the ER chucks are connected with rotating shafts through ER nuts, and the rotating shafts penetrate through the first laminate and are connected with the resetting device.

Further, resetting means is including fixing the lower spring holder on the bottom plate, install the answer spring on the spring holder down, the spring holder is installed to the upper end of answer spring, the bell mouth has been seted up to the upper spring holder, the collet groove has been seted up and the collet has been installed to the lower extreme of rotation axis, collet and bell mouth wedge fit.

Furthermore, the rotating device comprises a gear reduction motor, the output end of the gear reduction motor is provided with a small driving belt wheel through a TL friction type torque limiter, and the small driving belt wheel is connected with a spline driven belt wheel arranged on one rotating shaft through a belt; and a large driving belt wheel is arranged on one rotating shaft and is in transmission connection with a driven belt wheel arranged on the other rotating shaft through a belt.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

the device is simple in structure, the contact form of the valve and the seat ring under the working condition of the actual engine is simulated through the rotating device, the electromagnetic closing device and the high-temperature device, and the abrasion test of the valve and seat ring pair under different loading forces, valve rotating speeds and temperatures is realized. The rotating device drives the valve to rotate, so that the valve can be more attached to the motion working condition of an actual engine, and the reliability of a test result is further improved. The electromagnetic loading device realizes loading of different loading forces by controlling the magnitude of the access current, and the electric heating furnace controls the test temperature. Therefore, the valve-seat ring high-temperature abrasion condition under different working conditions can be conveniently realized by changing the test parameters.

The device can well simulate the high-temperature abrasion condition of the valve, not only avoids the defects of long time consumption, high cost and complex process of the whole engine test, but also can realize the evaluation of the high-temperature abrasion performance of the valve in a very short test period, and provides reliable basis for actual production.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an isometric view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an elevational, cross-sectional view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a left side view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an isometric view of a second ply of the invention;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the valve-seat ring support housing of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a structural view of a valve rotating and resetting apparatus of the present invention;

in the figure: 1-damping pad, 100-bottom plate, 101-upright post, 102-first layer plate, 103-upright post, 104-second layer plate, 105-upright post, 106-third layer plate, 107-upright post, 108-fourth layer plate, 109-upright post, 110-top plate, 111-nut,

2-electromagnetic actuator, 201-shell, 202-direct current coil, 203-fixed iron core, 204-moving iron shaft, 205-alternating current coil,

301-positioning pin, 302-box, 303-sealing ring, 304-cooling water tank cover, 305-cooling water tank, 306-valve, 307 seat ring, 308-seat ring supporting seat, 309-valve guide cylinder retaining ring, 310-valve guide cylinder,

3-lower spring seat, 4-return spring, 5-upper spring seat, 6-locking clamp, 7-ST type linear bearing, 8-retainer ring, 9-belt, 10-driven pulley, 11-nut, 12-1# rotating shaft, 13-damping cushion block, 14-gear reduction motor, 15-small driving pulley, 16-TL friction type torque limiter, 17-shaft end retainer ring, 18-wear-resistant gasket, 19-spline driven pulley, 20-large driving pulley, 21-2# rotating shaft, 22-ER chuck, 23-ER nut, 24-electric heating furnace, 25-high temperature section of loading rod, 26-cooling water jacket sealing ring, 27-cooling water jacket, 28-flange type linear bearing, 29-normal temperature section of loading rod, 30-force sensor, 31-support frame, 32-positioning plate and 321-avoiding hole.

Detailed Description

In order to make the aforementioned features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

Refer to fig. 1 to 6

The multi-station electromagnetic-driven valve high-temperature wear test device comprises a rack, wherein two groups of test assemblies are arranged on the rack, each group of test assemblies is supported by a valve-seat ring which comprises a valve and a seat ring, the upper side of the valve-seat ring support is provided with an electromagnetic loading mechanism of the valve, a high-temperature heating device is arranged on a loading rod of the electromagnetic loading mechanism and the valve-seat ring support, the lower side of the valve-seat ring support is provided with a resetting device for driving the valve to reset, and the rack is further provided with a rotating device for driving the valve to rotate.

In this embodiment, the frame includes a bottom plate 100, a first plate 102, a second plate 104, a third plate 106, a fourth plate 108 and a top plate 110 are sequentially mounted on the bottom plate from bottom to top via vertical columns, and the vertical columns penetrate through the plates and are connected by threads to form a frame body. The downside of bottom plate is provided with shock pad 1 to reduce the holistic vibration of frame, shock pad and frame threaded connection.

In this embodiment, the valve-seat ring support is installed on the second layer board, the valve-seat ring support includes a box 302 installed on the upper side of the second layer board through a bolt connection, a valve guide 310 is vertically installed in the box, the valve guide is fixed in the box through a valve guide retainer ring 309, and the valve guide retainer ring is connected with the box through a bolt to limit the axial movement of the valve guide. The upper side that is located the valve guide is provided with the seat circle supporting seat 308 that the upper end portion installed seat circle 307, open the lower surface of seat circle supporting seat has the aperture, changes the seat circle sample after the convenient experiment. The valve penetrates through the seat ring, the valve guide cylinder, the box body and the second laminate and is connected with the rotating shaft.

In this embodiment, the second layer board is provided with a positioning plate 32 matched with the box body, the second layer board is provided with an avoiding hole 321 for the lower part of the valve box body to pass through, and the box body is fixed on the second layer board through a positioning pin 301. After the test, the bolt is loosened, and the box body is pushed to enable the disc end face of the valve to be away from the lower end face of the loading rod, so that the valve sample can be replaced after the test; after the sample is replaced, the box body is pushed to the positioning plate and inserted into the positioning pin for centering, and then the bolt is locked.

In this embodiment, the bottom surface of the box body is further provided with a cooling structure to reduce the influence of temperature on the lower member. The cooling structure comprises a cooling water tank 305 arranged on the lower end face of the box body, and a cooling water tank cover 304 is sealed on the cooling water tank through a sealing ring 303.

In this embodiment, the electromagnetic loading mechanism includes an electromagnetic actuator 2 fixed on the lower side surface of the top plate, a moving iron shaft 204 of the electromagnetic actuator passes through the fourth plate and is connected with a normal temperature section 29 of the loading rod through a force sensor 30, the loading rod passes through the third plate and is provided with a cooling water jacket 27 in the middle, and a high temperature section 25 of the loading rod extends into the high temperature heating device and is abutted against the disc end surface of the air valve. And a moving iron shaft of the electromagnetic actuator is connected with the force sensor to monitor the magnitude of the loading force. The normal-temperature section of the loading rod is in threaded connection with the high-temperature section of the loading rod so as to ensure coaxiality; the high-temperature section of the loading rod is made of high-temperature-resistant materials, so that the abrasion condition of the loading rod during testing is reduced, the cooling water jacket is sleeved at the top end of the high-temperature section of the loading rod and is sealed by a cooling water jacket sealing ring 26, and the influence of a high-temperature upper component is reduced. A moving iron shaft of the electromagnetic actuator penetrates through a flange type linear bearing 28 arranged on the fourth layer plate, a normal temperature section of the loading rod penetrates through the flange type linear bearing 28 arranged on the third layer plate so as to ensure the straightness, and the flange type linear bearing is fixedly connected with the corresponding layer plate.

In this embodiment, the electromagnetic actuator includes a housing 201, a cover 200 is disposed at a lower end of the housing, a fixed iron core 203 is disposed at an upper portion of the housing, a dc coil 202 is wound on the fixed iron core, a moving iron shaft 204 penetrating through the cover is disposed at a lower side of the fixed iron core, and an ac coil 205 is wound on the moving iron shaft. The magnetic pole of the movable iron shaft is continuously reversed under the alternating current, the magnetic pole of the fixed iron core is unchanged under the direct current, the movable iron shaft stretches out and attracts under the action of electromagnetic force, the electromagnetic actuator is connected with the top plate of the rack, and the sealing cover is in interference connection with the shell.

In this embodiment, the high temperature heating device includes the electric heating furnace 24 that overlaps in the box upper portion outside, the lateral wall of electric heating furnace is fixed with the lower extreme and supports the support 31 on the ground, avoids the vibration damage electric heating furnace in the test process, and electric heating furnace has integrateed heating, heat preservation and temperature monitoring, has had ripe product.

In this embodiment, the lower ends of the air valves are connected with ER chucks 22, the ER chucks are connected with a # 1 rotating shaft 12 and a # 2 rotating shaft 21 through ER nuts 23, and the rotating shafts penetrate through the first layer plate and are connected with a resetting device. The inner clamping groove of the ER nut clamps the ER chuck and is connected with the head of the rotating shaft through threads, the head of the valve rod extends into the ER chuck, and the valve is clamped by screwing the ER nut. The ER chuck and the ER nut form a clamping device.

In this embodiment, the reset device is installed between the bottom plate and the first layer plate. The resetting device comprises a lower spring seat 3 fixed on the bottom plate, a return spring 4 is installed on the lower spring seat, an upper spring seat 5 is installed at the upper end of the return spring, a tapered hole is formed in the upper spring seat, the lower portion of the rotating shaft is matched with an ST-type linear bearing 7 installed on the first layer plate, and a retainer ring 8 is arranged at the upper end of the linear bearing. The lower end of the rotating shaft is provided with a locking clamp groove and is provided with a locking clamp 6, and the locking clamp is in wedge-shaped fit with the tapered hole. When the valve is seated, the rotating shaft moves downwards, and the return spring is compressed through the locking clamp-upper spring seat to stop loading; the return spring pushes the upper spring seat, the locking clamp and the rotating shaft to move upwards to complete valve resetting; under the wedge structure, the connection of collet and upper spring seat is closely laminated all the time in the test process.

In this embodiment, the rotating device includes a gear reduction motor 14 mounted on the bottom plate via a cushion block 13 to reduce the influence of the vibration of the frame on the gear reduction motor. The output end of the gear reduction motor is provided with a small driving belt wheel 15 through a TL friction type torque limiter 16, and the small driving belt wheel is connected with a spline driven belt wheel 19 arranged on a 2# rotating shaft 21 through a belt 9; the 2# rotating shaft is provided with a large driving belt wheel 20 which is in transmission connection with a driven belt wheel 10 arranged on the 1# rotating shaft 12 through a belt 9.

The small driving belt wheel 15 is connected with an output shaft of the gear reduction motor 14 through a C-shaped flat key and is axially fixed through a shaft end retainer ring 17. The wear-resisting packing ring is connected with the first layer plate of the frame, the spline is placed on the wear-resisting packing ring from the belt wheel 19 to avoid abrasion between the spline and the frame, and is connected with the 2# rotating shaft through the spline, and the spline connection ensures the smooth movement of the 2# rotating shaft in the axial direction. The large driving pulley 20 and the driven pulley 10 are connected to the 1# rotation shaft 12 and the 2# rotation shaft 21 by a flat a-type key and are axially fixed by a nut 11. The rotation output from the gear reduction motor 14 is transmitted to the # 2 rotary shaft 21 via the small driving pulley 15, and is transmitted to the # 1 rotary shaft 12 via the large driving pulley 20, thereby achieving the purpose of driving the rotary shaft to rotate. The gear reduction motor is mature in product, can output a low rotating speed of 3r/min at least, and simulates low-speed rotation of the lower valve of an actual engine. The TL friction type torque limiter 16 is matched with a small driving belt wheel 15 in the middle. When the valve is seated, the valve is in contact with the seat ring, the driving torque is increased due to the huge pressure between the valve and the seat ring, the TL friction type torque limiter slips, the power connection between the gear reduction motor and the load is interrupted, and the damage caused by overload of the gear reduction motor is avoided. The rotation of the rotating shaft is transmitted to the valve, the belt transmission can reduce the influence of the vibration generated by repeated seating of the valve on the gear reduction motor in the test process, the ST-type linear bearing is placed in the groove and is axially fixed by the retainer ring and the wear-resistant gasket, the 1# rotating shaft and the 2# rotating shaft penetrate through the ST-type linear bearing, and the ST-type linear bearing is different from other linear bearings and supports the rotation of the shaft.

The working method of the device is as follows:

in each group of test assemblies, firstly, a new valve guide pipe is arranged in a box body, a valve guide pipe retainer ring is arranged in the box body and is locked, then a seat ring supporting seat and a seat ring sample are arranged in the box body, the valve sample is arranged above the box body and penetrates through the inside of the box body, the box body is pushed to a positioning plate, a positioning pin is inserted to center and lock a bolt, and finally, the head of a valve rod is clamped by a clamping device. If an electric heating furnace is used, the electric heating furnace is closed and the quick clamp is locked. And sequentially clamping the valve samples of each station according to the method. And (3) opening a control computer, setting the temperature of the electric heating furnace, starting the gear reduction motor when the temperature reaches the required temperature, starting the air valve to rotate and reach the required rotating speed, electrifying the electromagnetic loading mechanism, and recording and displaying the tested load force by the force sensor connected to the lower end of the moving iron shaft. After the high-temperature abrasion test is stopped, firstly, the clamping device is loosened, then the bolt and the positioning pin for fixing the box body are taken down, the box body is pushed to enable the end face of the valve disc to be away from the end face of the loading rod, and the valve sample, the seat ring supporting seat, the valve guide pipe retainer ring and the valve guide pipe are sequentially taken out.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various multi-position electromagnetic valve high temperature wear test device designs are not necessary to create creative efforts according to the teaching of the present invention, and all equivalent changes, modifications, substitutions and variations made in the claims of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. The multi-station electromagnetic-driven valve high-temperature wear test device comprises a rack and is characterized in that two groups of test assemblies are arranged on the rack, each group of test assemblies is supported by a valve-seat ring which comprises a valve and a seat ring, an electromagnetic loading mechanism of the valve is arranged on the upper side of the valve-seat ring support, a high-temperature heating device is arranged on a loading rod of the electromagnetic loading mechanism and the valve-seat ring support, a reset device for driving the valve to reset is arranged on the lower side of the valve-seat ring support, and a rotating device for driving the valve to rotate is further arranged on the rack.

2. The multi-station electromagnetic-driven valve high-temperature wear test device according to claim 1, wherein the machine frame comprises a bottom plate, a first plate, a second plate, a third plate, a fourth plate and a top plate are sequentially mounted on the bottom plate from bottom to top through an upright post, the valve-seat ring is supported and mounted on the second plate, the reset device is mounted between the bottom plate and the first plate, and a shock pad is arranged on the lower side of the bottom plate.

3. The multi-station electromagnetic-driven valve high-temperature wear test device according to claim 2, wherein the valve-seat ring support comprises a box body installed on the upper side of the second layer plate, a valve guide cylinder is vertically installed in the box body, a seat ring support seat with a seat ring installed at the upper end is arranged on the upper side of the valve guide cylinder, the valve penetrates through the seat ring, the valve guide cylinder, the box body and the second layer plate, and a cooling structure is further arranged on the bottom surface of the box body.

4. The multi-station electromagnetic-driven valve high-temperature wear test device according to claim 3, wherein a positioning plate matched with the box body is arranged on the second layer plate, an avoidance hole for the lower portion of the valve box body to penetrate through is formed in the second layer plate, and the box body is fixed on the second layer plate through a positioning pin; the cooling structure comprises a cooling water tank arranged on the lower end face of the box body, and a cooling water tank cover is sealed on the cooling water tank.

5. A multi-station electromagnetic drive valve high-temperature wear test device as claimed in claim 2, 3 or 4, wherein the electromagnetic loading mechanism comprises an electromagnetic actuator fixed on the lower side surface of the top plate, a moving iron shaft of the electromagnetic actuator penetrates through the fourth plate and is connected with a normal temperature section of the loading rod through a force sensor, the loading rod penetrates through the third plate and is provided with a cooling water jacket in the middle, and the high temperature section of the loading rod extends into the high-temperature heating device and abuts against the disc end surface of the valve.

6. The multi-station electromagnetic-driven valve high-temperature wear test device according to claim 5, wherein the electromagnetic actuator comprises a housing, a sealing cover is arranged at the lower end of the housing, a fixed iron core is arranged on the upper portion of the housing, a direct current coil is wound on the fixed iron core, a moving iron shaft penetrating through the sealing cover is arranged on the lower side of the fixed iron core, and an alternating current coil is wound on the moving iron shaft.

7. The multi-station electromagnetic-drive valve high-temperature wear test device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the high-temperature heating device comprises an electric heating furnace sleeved outside the upper part of the box body, and a support frame with a lower end supporting the ground is fixed on the side wall of the electric heating furnace.

8. The multi-station electromagnetic-driven valve high-temperature wear test device according to claim 2, wherein the lower ends of the valves are connected with ER chucks, the ER chucks are connected with rotating shafts through ER nuts, and the rotating shafts penetrate through the first laminate and are connected with the resetting device.

9. The multi-station electromagnetic-driven valve high-temperature wear test device according to claim 8, wherein the reset device comprises a lower spring seat fixed on the bottom plate, a return spring is mounted on the lower spring seat, an upper spring seat is mounted at the upper end of the return spring, a tapered hole is formed in the upper spring seat, a locking clamp groove is formed in the lower end of the rotating shaft, a locking clamp is mounted at the lower end of the rotating shaft, and the locking clamp is in wedge-shaped fit with the tapered hole.

10. A multi-station electromagnetic-drive valve high-temperature wear test device according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the rotating device comprises a gear reduction motor, an output end of the gear reduction motor is provided with a small driving pulley through a TL friction type torque limiter, and the small driving pulley is connected with a spline driven pulley arranged on one of the rotating shafts through a belt; and a large driving belt wheel is arranged on one of the rotating shafts and is in transmission connection with a driven belt wheel arranged on the other rotating shaft through a belt.