CN115963031A - A multi-station electromagnetically driven valve high temperature wear test device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a test testing device, in particular to a multi-station electromagnetically-driven valve high-temperature wear testing device which comprises a rack, wherein two groups of test assemblies are arranged on the rack, each group of test assemblies is supported by a valve-seat ring for mounting a valve and a seat ring, an electromagnetic loading mechanism of the valve is arranged on the upper side of the valve-seat ring support, a high-temperature heating device is arranged on a loading rod of the electromagnetic loading mechanism and the valve-seat ring support, a resetting device for driving the valve to reset is arranged on the lower side of the valve-seat ring support, and a rotating device for driving the valve to rotate is further arranged on the rack. The device can simultaneously simulate the valve-seat ring high-temperature abrasion test of the intake valve and the exhaust valve of the engine under the actual working condition.

Description

A multi-station electromagnetically driven valve high temperature wear test device

technical field

The invention relates to a test device, in particular to a multi-station electromagnetically driven valve high-temperature wear test device.

Background technique

The valve-seat contact pair ensures the sealing of the combustion chamber and is an important part of the combustion chamber, controlling the "breathing" of the engine. With the continuous improvement of my country's engine technology level, the engine is required to have a higher power density, that is, greater power and smaller volume, which makes the temperature and pressure in the engine cylinder continue to increase, and the working environment of engine components is further improved deterioration. At the same time, with the continuous improvement of reliability requirements, higher requirements are put forward for various parts of the engine. In addition, due to the use of clean fuels such as natural gas in recent years, the combustion temperature in the engine cylinder is higher and the combustion products are cleaner. For gasoline and diesel engines, proper combustion products covering the contact surfaces can provide some lubrication and protection, but for natural gas engines, this "protection" effect is greatly weakened. Every time the engine performs a working cycle, the intake and exhaust valves have to go through opening and closing. During this process, the valves have to withstand frequent reciprocating seating impacts, direct scour of high-temperature gas and corrosion of exhaust gas, and the working environment is harsh. Therefore, higher requirements are put forward for the performance of the valve.

It is time-consuming, costly and complicated to conduct an engine test on the valve to evaluate its high-temperature wear performance. The traditional material friction and wear test on the material of the valve can evaluate the wear resistance, corrosion resistance, fatigue performance, etc. of the material, but the mechanism of the valve "sinking" caused by wear under the engine working conditions cannot be obtained. The test data obtained by the special valve high temperature wear test device is very different from the test data of the traditional material friction and wear test device. It is very important to use the special valve high temperature wear test device for the valve wear test. At present, the existing valve high-temperature wear test device is mainly driven by mechanical or hydraulic pressure. The cost of mechanical driving is low, and the maintenance is simple, but the load loading accuracy and seat loading frequency are low. The hydraulic drive method has fast response, high precision, and can realize large load loading, but it is easy to cause oil leakage and cause pollution, and the cost is expensive. In addition, among the existing valve high-temperature wear test devices, there are few test devices that can simulate the valve rotation condition and realize simultaneous testing of multiple samples.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-station electromagnetically driven valve high-temperature wear test device, which can simultaneously simulate the valve-seat high-temperature wear test of the engine intake valve and exhaust valve under actual working conditions.

The technical solution of the present invention is: a multi-station electromagnetically driven valve high-temperature wear test device, which includes a frame, and two groups of test components are arranged on the frame, and each group of test components consists of a valve for installing the valve and a seat The valve-seat support of the ring, the upper side of the valve-seat support is provided with an electromagnetic loading mechanism for the valve, and a high-temperature heating device is arranged on the loading rod of the electromagnetic loading mechanism and the valve-seat support, and the valve- A reset device for driving the valve to reset is provided on the underside of the support of the seat ring, and a rotating device for driving the valve to rotate is also provided on the frame.

Further, the frame includes a bottom plate, on which the first layer board, the second layer board, the third layer board, the fourth layer board and the top board are sequentially installed on the bottom plate through the column, and the valve-seat The ring support is installed on the second layer board, the reset device is installed between the bottom board and the first layer board, and the bottom side of the bottom board is provided with a shock-absorbing pad.

Further, the valve-seat support includes a box installed on the upper side of the second layer, a valve guide cylinder is installed vertically in the box, and a seat ring is installed on the upper side of the valve guide cylinder. The seat ring support seat, the valve passes through the seat ring, the valve guide cylinder, the box body and the second laminate, and the bottom surface of the box body is also provided with a cooling structure.

Further, a positioning plate matched with the box is provided on the second layer, and an avoidance hole for the lower part of the valve box to pass is provided on the second layer, and the box is fixed to the second On the laminate; the cooling structure includes a cooling water tank arranged on the lower end surface of the box body, and a cooling water tank cover is sealed on the cooling water tank.

Further, the electromagnetic loading mechanism includes an electromagnetic actuator fixed on the lower side of the top plate, the moving iron shaft of the electromagnetic actuator passes through the fourth layer and is connected to the normal temperature section of the loading rod through a force sensor , the loading rod passes through the third layer and is provided with a cooling water jacket in the middle, and the high-temperature section of the loading rod extends into the high-temperature heating device and abuts against the disc end face of the valve.

Further, the electromagnetic actuator includes a housing, the lower end of the housing is provided with a cover, the upper part of the housing is provided with a fixed iron core, the fixed iron core is wound with a DC coil, and the lower side of the fixed iron core is provided with a through hole. The moving iron shaft of the cover is wound with an AC coil.

Further, the high-temperature heating device includes an electric heating furnace covered on the outer side of the upper part of the box, and the side wall of the electric heating furnace is fixed with a support frame whose lower end supports the ground.

Further, the lower ends of the valves are connected with ER collets, and the ER collets are connected with a rotating shaft through an ER nut, and the rotating shaft passes through the first layer and is connected with the reset device.

Further, the reset device includes a lower spring seat fixed on the bottom plate, a return spring is installed on the lower spring seat, an upper spring seat is installed on the upper end of the return spring, and a tapered hole is opened on the upper spring seat , the lower end of the rotating shaft is provided with a lock clip groove and installed with a lock clip, and the lock clip is wedge-fitted with the tapered hole.

Further, the rotating device includes a gear reduction motor, the output end of the gear reduction motor is equipped with a small driving pulley through a TL friction torque limiter, and the small driving pulley is installed on one of the rotating shafts through a belt. The spline driven pulley is connected; a large driving pulley is installed on one of the rotating shafts, and the large driving pulley is connected with the driven pulley installed on the other rotating shaft through a belt.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

The structure of the device is simple. Through the rotating device, electromagnetic closing device and high temperature device, the valve-seat contact form under actual engine working conditions is simulated, and the wear test of the valve-seat pair under different load forces, valve speeds and temperatures is realized. The rotating device drives the valve to rotate, which can better fit the actual engine motion conditions and further improve the reliability of the test results. Among them, the electromagnetic loading device realizes the loading of different load forces by controlling the magnitude of the access current, and the electric heating furnace controls the test temperature. Therefore, the present invention conveniently realizes the high-temperature wear of the valve-seat ring under different working conditions by changing the test parameters.

The device can simulate the high-temperature wear of the valve well, not only avoiding the shortcomings of long engine test time, high cost, and complicated process, but also realizing the evaluation of the high-temperature wear performance of the valve within a very short test period, providing a basis for actual production. Reliable basis.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structure axial side view of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the front sectional view of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the overall structure left view of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the axial side view of the second laminate of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the valve-seat supporting box of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a structural diagram of the valve rotation and reset device of the present invention;

In the figure: 1-vibration damping pad, 100-base plate, 101-column, 102-first layer, 103-column, 104-second layer, 105-column, 106-third layer, 107-column, 108-the fourth layer, 109-column, 110-top plate, 111-nut,

2-Electromagnetic actuator, 201-shell, 202-DC coil, 203-fixed iron core, 204-moving iron shaft, 205-AC coil,

301-location pin, 302-box, 303-sealing ring, 304-cooling water tank cover, 305-cooling water tank, 306-valve, 307 seat ring, 308-seat ring support seat, 309-valve guide cylinder retaining ring, 310 - valve guides,

3-lower spring seat, 4-return spring, 5-upper spring seat, 6-lock clip, 7-ST type linear bearing, 8-retaining ring, 9-belt, 10-driven pulley, 11-nut, 12 -1# rotating shaft, 13-shock absorbing pad, 14-gear reduction motor, 15-small driving pulley, 16-TL friction torque limiter, 17-shaft end retaining ring, 18-wear-resistant washer, 19- Spline driven pulley, 20-large driving pulley, 21-2# rotating shaft, 22-ER chuck, 23-ER nut, 24-electric heating furnace, 25-high temperature section of loading rod, 26- Cooling water jacket sealing ring, 27-cooling water jacket, 28-flange type linear bearing, 29-normal temperature section of loading rod, 30-force sensor, 31-support frame, 32 positioning plate, 321-avoidance hole.

Detailed ways

In order to make the above-mentioned features and advantages of the present invention easier to understand, the following specific embodiments are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

Refer to Figure 1 to Figure 6

A multi-station electromagnetically driven valve high-temperature wear test device includes a frame on which two sets of test components are arranged, and each set of test components is supported by a valve-seat ring for installing the valve and the seat ring , the upper side of the valve-seat support is provided with an electromagnetic loading mechanism for the valve, a high-temperature heating device is arranged on the loading rod of the electromagnetic loading mechanism and the valve-seat support, and the lower side of the valve-seat support is provided There is a reset device for driving the valve to reset, and a rotating device for driving the valve to rotate is also arranged on the frame.

In this embodiment, the frame includes a base plate 100, on which a first layer plate 102, a second layer plate 104, a third layer plate 106, a fourth layer plate 108, and The top plate 110, the uprights pass through each layer, and are connected by threads to form a frame body. The lower side of the base plate is provided with a shock absorber 1 to reduce the overall vibration of the frame, and the shock absorber is threadedly connected with the frame.

In this embodiment, the valve-seat support is installed on the second layer, and the valve-seat support includes a box body 302 installed on the upper side of the second layer through bolt connection, and the box body is vertically A valve guide cylinder 310 is installed, and the valve guide cylinder is fixed in the casing through a valve guide cylinder retaining ring 309, and the valve guide cylinder retaining ring is connected with the casing through bolts to limit the axial movement of the valve guide cylinder. The upper side of the valve guide cylinder is provided with a seat ring support seat 308 with a seat ring 307 installed at the upper end. The lower surface of the seat ring support seat is provided with a small hole, which is convenient for replacing the seat ring sample after the test. The valve is connected with the rotating shaft through the seat ring, the valve guide cylinder, the box body and the second laminate.

In this embodiment, the second layer is provided with a positioning plate 32 matched with the box, and the second layer is provided with an avoidance hole 321 for the lower part of the valve box to pass through. 301 is fixed on the second layer board. After the test, loosen the bolts, push the box body so that the disc end face of the valve leaves the lower end face of the loading rod, so that the valve sample can be replaced after the test; after replacing the sample, push the box body to the positioning plate and insert the positioning pin for alignment, and then Lock the bolts.

In this embodiment, a cooling structure is provided on the bottom surface of the box to reduce the influence of temperature on the lower components. The cooling structure includes a cooling water tank 305 arranged on the lower surface of the box body, and a cooling water tank cover 304 is sealed on the cooling water tank through a sealing ring 303 .

In this embodiment, the electromagnetic loading mechanism includes an electromagnetic actuator 2 fixed on the lower side of the top plate. The moving iron shaft 204 of the electromagnetic actuator passes through the fourth layer and passes through the connection between the force sensor 30 and the loading rod. The normal temperature sections 29 are connected, the loading rod passes through the third layer and the middle part is provided with a cooling water jacket 27, the high temperature section 25 of the loading rod extends into the high temperature heating device and abuts against the disc end surface of the valve. The moving iron shaft of the electromagnetic actuator is connected with a force sensor to monitor the loading force. The normal temperature section of the loading rod is screwed to the high temperature section of the loading rod to ensure coaxiality; the high temperature section of the loading rod is made of high temperature resistant materials to reduce the wear of the loading rod during the test, and the cooling water jacket is placed on the high temperature section of the loading rod The top end is sealed with a cooling water jacket sealing ring 26 to reduce the impact of high temperature upper components. The moving iron shaft of the electromagnetic actuator passes through the flange type linear bearing 28 installed on the fourth layer, and the normal temperature section of the loading rod passes through the flange type linear bearing 28 installed on the third layer to ensure Straightness, the flange type linear bearing is fixedly connected with the corresponding laminate.

In this embodiment, the electromagnetic actuator includes a housing 201, the lower end of the housing is provided with a cover 200, the upper part of the housing is provided with a fixed iron core 203, and a DC coil 202 is wound on the fixed iron core. The lower side of the core is provided with a moving iron shaft 204 passing through the cover, and an AC coil 205 is wound on the moving iron shaft. The magnetic poles of the moving iron shaft are continuously reversed under the alternating current, and the magnetic poles of the fixed iron core remain unchanged under the direct current. interference connection.

In this embodiment, the high-temperature heating device includes an electric heating furnace 24 set on the outer side of the upper part of the box body. The side wall of the electric heating furnace is fixed with a support frame 31 on the ground at the lower end, so as to avoid damage to the electric heating device due to vibration during the test. Heating furnace, electric heating furnace integrates heating, heat preservation and temperature monitoring, and has mature products.

In this embodiment, the lower ends of the valves are connected with ER chucks 22, and the ER chucks are connected with 1# rotating shaft 12 and 2# rotating shaft 21 through ER nuts 23, and the rotating shafts pass through the first The laminate is connected with the reset device. The slot inside the ER nut clamps the ER chuck, and is connected to the head of the rotating shaft through threads. The head of the valve stem extends into the ER chuck, and the clamping of the valve is completed by tightening the ER nut. ER collet and ER nut form a clamping device.

In this embodiment, the reset device is installed between the bottom plate and the first layer. The resetting device includes a lower spring seat 3 fixed on the base plate, a return spring 4 is installed on the lower spring seat, an upper spring seat 5 is installed on the upper end of the return spring, and a tapered hole is provided on the upper spring seat , the lower part of the rotating shaft cooperates with the ST-type linear bearing 7 installed on the first layer, and the upper end of the linear bearing is provided with a retaining ring 8 . The lower end of the rotating shaft is provided with a lock clip groove and a lock clip 6 is installed, and the lock clip is wedge-fitted with the tapered hole. When the valve is seated, the rotary shaft moves downward, and the return spring is compressed by the lock clip-upper spring seat to stop loading; the return spring pushes the upper spring seat, lock clip and rotary shaft to move upward to complete the valve reset; under the wedge structure, The connection between the locking clip and the upper spring seat remained a snug fit throughout the test.

In this embodiment, the rotating device includes a gear reduction motor 14 mounted on the bottom plate via a shock absorbing pad 13 to reduce the impact of frame vibration on the gear reduction motor. The output end of the gear reduction motor is equipped with a small driving pulley 15 through the TL friction torque limiter 16, and the small driving pulley is connected to the spline driven pulley 19 installed on the 2# rotating shaft 21 through the belt 9 The 2# rotating shaft is equipped with a large driving pulley 20, and the large driving pulley is connected with the driven pulley 10 driven on the 1# rotating shaft 12 through the belt 9.

The small driving pulley 15 is connected with the output shaft of the gear reduction motor 14 through a C-shaped flat key, and is axially fixed by a shaft end retaining ring 17 . The wear-resistant washer is connected with the first layer of the frame, the spline is placed on the wear-resistant washer from the pulley 19 to avoid wear between the frame and the spline is connected with the 2# rotating shaft, and the spline connection ensures The 2# rotating shaft moves smoothly in the axial direction. The large driving pulley 20 and the driven pulley 10 are connected to the 1# rotating shaft 12 and the 2# rotating shaft 21 through an A-shaped flat key, and are axially fixed by a nut 11 . The rotation output by the gear reduction motor 14 is transmitted to the 2# rotating shaft 21 through the small driving pulley 15, and then to the 1# rotating shaft 12 through the large driving pulley 20, so as to achieve the purpose of driving the rotating shaft to rotate. The gear reduction motor product is mature, and can output a low speed of 3r/min at least, simulating the low-speed rotation of the valve under the actual engine. The supporting small driving pulley 15 in the middle of the TL friction type torque limiter 16 . When the valve is seated and the valve contacts the seat ring, the driving torque increases due to the huge pressure between the valve and the seat ring, and the TL friction torque limiter slips, interrupting the power connection between the geared motor and the load, avoiding the gear motor Damage due to overloading. The rotation of the rotating shaft is transmitted to the valve, and the belt drive can reduce the impact of the vibration generated by the repeated seating of the valve on the geared motor during the test. The ST-type linear bearing is placed in the groove and fixed axially by a retaining ring and a wear-resistant washer. The 1# rotating shaft and the 2# rotating shaft pass through the ST type linear bearing. The ST type linear bearing is different from other linear bearings and supports the rotation of the shaft.

The device works as follows:

In each group of test components, the new valve guide is first installed into the box, and the valve guide retaining ring is installed and locked, and then the seat ring support seat and the seat ring sample are installed, and then the valve sample is removed from the box. Put it above the body and pass through the inside of the box, push the box to the positioning plate and insert the positioning pin to center and then lock the bolts, and finally clamp the valve stem head with the clamping device. If it is necessary to use the electric heating furnace, close the electric heating furnace and lock the quick clamp. The valve samples of each station are sequentially clamped according to the above method. Turn on the control computer and set the temperature of the electric heating furnace. When the temperature reaches the required temperature, start the gear reduction motor, the valve starts to rotate and reaches the required speed, the electromagnetic loading mechanism is powered on, and the force sensor connected to the lower end of the moving iron shaft records the test results. Load force and display. After the high-temperature wear test, first loosen the clamping device, then remove the bolts and positioning pins that fix the box, push the box so that the end face of the valve disc is away from the end face of the loading rod, and take out the valve sample, seat ring, and seat in sequence. ring support seat, valve guide retainer and valve guide.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the teachings of the present invention, designing different forms of multi-position electromagnetically driven valve high-temperature wear test device does not require creative Labor, without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention, all equivalent changes, modifications, replacements and modifications made according to the patent scope of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The multi-station electromagnetic-driven valve high-temperature wear test device comprises a rack and is characterized in that two groups of test assemblies are arranged on the rack, each group of test assemblies is supported by a valve-seat ring which comprises a valve and a seat ring, an electromagnetic loading mechanism of the valve is arranged on the upper side of the valve-seat ring support, a high-temperature heating device is arranged on a loading rod of the electromagnetic loading mechanism and the valve-seat ring support, a reset device for driving the valve to reset is arranged on the lower side of the valve-seat ring support, and a rotating device for driving the valve to rotate is further arranged on the rack.

2. The multi-station electromagnetic-driven valve high-temperature wear test device according to claim 1, wherein the machine frame comprises a bottom plate, a first plate, a second plate, a third plate, a fourth plate and a top plate are sequentially mounted on the bottom plate from bottom to top through an upright post, the valve-seat ring is supported and mounted on the second plate, the reset device is mounted between the bottom plate and the first plate, and a shock pad is arranged on the lower side of the bottom plate.

3. The multi-station electromagnetic-driven valve high-temperature wear test device according to claim 2, wherein the valve-seat ring support comprises a box body installed on the upper side of the second layer plate, a valve guide cylinder is vertically installed in the box body, a seat ring support seat with a seat ring installed at the upper end is arranged on the upper side of the valve guide cylinder, the valve penetrates through the seat ring, the valve guide cylinder, the box body and the second layer plate, and a cooling structure is further arranged on the bottom surface of the box body.

4. The multi-station electromagnetic-driven valve high-temperature wear test device according to claim 3, wherein a positioning plate matched with the box body is arranged on the second layer plate, an avoidance hole for the lower portion of the valve box body to penetrate through is formed in the second layer plate, and the box body is fixed on the second layer plate through a positioning pin; the cooling structure comprises a cooling water tank arranged on the lower end face of the box body, and a cooling water tank cover is sealed on the cooling water tank.

5. A multi-station electromagnetic drive valve high-temperature wear test device as claimed in claim 2, 3 or 4, wherein the electromagnetic loading mechanism comprises an electromagnetic actuator fixed on the lower side surface of the top plate, a moving iron shaft of the electromagnetic actuator penetrates through the fourth plate and is connected with a normal temperature section of the loading rod through a force sensor, the loading rod penetrates through the third plate and is provided with a cooling water jacket in the middle, and the high temperature section of the loading rod extends into the high-temperature heating device and abuts against the disc end surface of the valve.

6. The multi-station electromagnetic-driven valve high-temperature wear test device according to claim 5, wherein the electromagnetic actuator comprises a housing, a sealing cover is arranged at the lower end of the housing, a fixed iron core is arranged on the upper portion of the housing, a direct current coil is wound on the fixed iron core, a moving iron shaft penetrating through the sealing cover is arranged on the lower side of the fixed iron core, and an alternating current coil is wound on the moving iron shaft.

7. The multi-station electromagnetic-drive valve high-temperature wear test device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the high-temperature heating device comprises an electric heating furnace sleeved outside the upper part of the box body, and a support frame with a lower end supporting the ground is fixed on the side wall of the electric heating furnace.

8. The multi-station electromagnetic-driven valve high-temperature wear test device according to claim 2, wherein the lower ends of the valves are connected with ER chucks, the ER chucks are connected with rotating shafts through ER nuts, and the rotating shafts penetrate through the first laminate and are connected with the resetting device.

9. The multi-station electromagnetic-driven valve high-temperature wear test device according to claim 8, wherein the reset device comprises a lower spring seat fixed on the bottom plate, a return spring is mounted on the lower spring seat, an upper spring seat is mounted at the upper end of the return spring, a tapered hole is formed in the upper spring seat, a locking clamp groove is formed in the lower end of the rotating shaft, a locking clamp is mounted at the lower end of the rotating shaft, and the locking clamp is in wedge-shaped fit with the tapered hole.

10. A multi-station electromagnetic-drive valve high-temperature wear test device according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the rotating device comprises a gear reduction motor, an output end of the gear reduction motor is provided with a small driving pulley through a TL friction type torque limiter, and the small driving pulley is connected with a spline driven pulley arranged on one of the rotating shafts through a belt; and a large driving belt wheel is arranged on one of the rotating shafts and is in transmission connection with a driven belt wheel arranged on the other rotating shaft through a belt.

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