CN107560861A - A kind of double friction pair composite analogy experimental systems of valve actuating mechanism - Google Patents
A kind of double friction pair composite analogy experimental systems of valve actuating mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN107560861A CN107560861A CN201710985087.6A CN201710985087A CN107560861A CN 107560861 A CN107560861 A CN 107560861A CN 201710985087 A CN201710985087 A CN 201710985087A CN 107560861 A CN107560861 A CN 107560861A
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
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- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of double friction pair composite analogy experimental systems of valve actuating mechanism,Including motor,Belt,Fixed plate,Camshaft,Cam,Roller,Tappet body,Valve actuating push rod,Valve,Cylinder head,Valve retainer and heating coil,Cam connects with camshaft interference fit,Roller is rotatablely connected with tappet body upper end by bearing pin,Valve actuating push rod upper end is connected with tappet body,Lower end is connected with valve,Valve spring is arranged with valve actuating push rod,Cam forms higher pair friction pair with roller under the elastic restoring force effect of valve spring,Cylinder head is provided with valve guide bushing,Valve actuating push rod passes through valve guide bushing,Valve guide bushing lower end is provided with valve retainer,Valve and valve retainer is set to form impact wear kinematic pair under the elastic restoring force effect of valve spring,Heating coil is provided with inside the cylinder head of valve lower end,The wear test of two pairs of friction pairs is realized simultaneously,Stability Analysis of Structures is reliable,Efficiency high,And simulation approaches with actual condition,Experimental data is effectively reliable.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to multipair friction secondary motion and the combined test apparatus technical field of stress, specifically, sheet
Invention is related to a kind of double friction pair composite analogy experimental systems of valve actuating mechanism.
Background technology
In recent years, with the continuous progress of internal-combustion engine technology, vehicular engine is just towards high-power, low energy consumption, long-life
Direction develop, this development trend is built upon on engine overall performance lifting basis, at the same also to each system and
The combination property of parts proposes higher requirement.
Valve actuating mechanism is the important component of engine, is the extremely crucial component of engine, its basic training be by
Circulation and the requirement of ignition order are operated in each cylinder of motivation approved for distribution, timing opens and closes inlet and outlet door, made fresh
Air can timely enter cylinder, and waste gas is discharged from cylinder.Camshaft is the power part for driving valve actuating mechanism, and it is to ensure
Engine stabilizer, economy, the key of reliability operating.Cam and tappet body roller Contact Pair are higher pair, are in valve actuating mechanism
Critical movements pair, it is usually operated under high temperature, high rotating speed, the effect of high alternation contact load, and because lubricating condition is severe, cam
Main failure forms with roller are excessive wears.The result of abrasion is to directly result in distribution disorder, intake and exhaust deficiency, charge system
Number declines, insufficient, exhaust gas inside cylinder pressure rise of burning, gas exchange loss increase, and engine power performance and economy are deteriorated, discharge
Horizontal superelevation.Therefore, in all kinds of model project development processes, the wear problem to friction pair is all paid much attention to
Another pair critical movements pair in valve actuating mechanism is Valve-valve seat circle.Valve retainer and head portion that cooperation pair
Cylinder seals, and controls the suction of fresh air and the discharge of waste gas, and valve retainer works in high stress, and (engine is most
High combustion pressure is up to 20MPa, spring force and dynamic loading pressure up to 130MPa), (inlet valve operating temperature typically exists high-temperature
200 DEG C -450 DEG C, for the operating temperature of exhaust valve typically at 600 DEG C -800 DEG C, some is even as high as 850 DEG C) and corrosion (high temperature combustion
Gas cut erosion, vulcanization, V2O5 corrosion and oxidation) property adverse circumstances in, be subjected at high temperature valve impact wear and
The erosion of inlet and outlet stream, oxidation etc., the failure of valve retainer show as that heavy wear, valve deflection be excessive, poor air-tightness.
The rotation when rigging error of valve and opening and closing, exacerbates this abrasion again, and undue wear can cause Valve-valve seat circle pair
Fail, valve clearance is disappeared in extreme situations, and valve can not be taken a seat, and combustion gas is spilt, and power significantly declines.The combustion spilt
Gas may cause valve retainer to overheat, or even ablation, and therefore, the research of Valve-valve seat circle polishing machine has turned into one urgently
The problem of to be solved.
Currently for valve actuating mechanism research be summed up mainly have two aspect, be on the one hand parts design, bag
Include cam profile, the design of Valve Rocker Organization, the design of the parts such as valve spring and valve, wherein again with cam profile
Design particularly critical.On the other hand it is the dynamics problem of mechanism, and for the research of mechanism power performance, it is concentrated mainly on again
In the characteristics of motion of valve.External grinding to the model of vibration of valve actuating mechanism, friction and port timing and VVT etc.
Studying carefully has some reports.It is domestic to be also directed to studying the secondary dynamic lubrication of more accurate valve model of vibration, cam tappet, non-right
Claim the problems such as fitting of cam profile and cam profile.However, the research work for two kinds of typical friction pairs in distribution mechanism
Work also lacks very much, the particularly experimental study of friction pair, has focused largely on the experiment of sample level, could not use work condition environment and reality
The preferable part level of coincideing experiment, on can use part directly carry out friction-wear test report it is even more few.For
This, this patent can simulate the combined test apparatus of multipair friction secondary motion and stress by design, to be valve actuating mechanism
The research of two kinds of typical friction pairs provides the means and approach more to correspond to reality.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of valve actuating mechanism double friction pair composite analogy experimental systems, while realizes two pairs of friction pairs
Wear test, Stability Analysis of Structures is reliable, efficiency high, and simulation approaches with actual condition, and experimental data is effectively reliable.
To achieve these goals, the technical scheme taken of the present invention is：A kind of double friction pair composite analogies of valve actuating mechanism
Experimental system, including motor, belt, fixed plate, camshaft, cam, roller, tappet body, valve actuating push rod, valve, cylinder head,
Valve retainer and heating coil, the output shaft of the motor are provided with belt wheel one, and the camshaft is rotatablely connected with fixed plate,
The camshaft mandrel end is provided with belt wheel two, and described belt one end is connected with belt wheel one, and other end is connected with belt wheel two, described convex
Wheel is connected with camshaft interference fit, and the roller is rotatablely connected with tappet body upper end by bearing pin, the valve actuating push rod upper end
It is connected with tappet body, lower end is connected with valve, valve spring is arranged with the valve actuating push rod, the cam is with roller in valve
Higher pair friction pair is formed under the elastic restoring force effect of spring, the cylinder head is provided with valve guide bushing, and the valve actuating push rod is worn
Cross valve guide bushing, the valve guide bushing lower end is provided with valve retainer, valve spring elastic restoring force effect under make valve and
Valve retainer forms impact wear kinematic pair, is provided with heating coil inside the cylinder head of the valve lower end, inside the cylinder head
Provided with cooling water cavity.
Preferably, the heating coil heats to valve, valve retainer and cylinder head, temperature in cylinder when simulating fuel gas buring
Degree state, and cylinder temperature sensor is provided with cylinder head.
Preferably, sliding bearing is provided with the fixed plate, and is emphasis lubricant housings.
Preferably, recirculated cooling water is passed through in the cooling water cavity, and cooling-water temperature sensor is provided with chilled(cooling) water return (CWR).
Beneficial effect using above technical scheme is：The double friction pair composite analogy experimental systems of the valve actuating mechanism, motor
Driving pulley one is rotated, and belt wheel one is rotated together by belt driving pulley two with cam axle, cam with camshaft,
Cam pushing rolling wheels and valve spring elastic restoring force effect under, make valve actuating push rod with valve in valve guide bushing on
Lower reciprocating motion, and then the opening and closing of valve and valve retainer is driven, the higher pair friction pair that cam is formed with roller is simulated, simulation
The impact wear kinematic pair that valve is formed with valve retainer, wherein it is provided with heating coil inside the cylinder head of the valve lower end,
The heating coil heats to valve, valve retainer and cylinder head, simulates cylinder temperature state during fuel gas buring, and in cylinder
Cylinder temperature sensor is provided with lid, facilitates and records experimental data in human-computer interaction interface；It is passed through and follows in the cooling water cavity
Ring cooling water, and cooling-water temperature sensor is provided with chilled(cooling) water return (CWR), water circulation when simulated engine works so that experimental system
More meet actual condition, ensure the accuracy and reliability of experimental data；The experimental system is compact-sized, it is easy to accomplish,
Closer to engineering practice；The wear test of two pairs of friction pairs can be completed simultaneously in addition, Stability Analysis of Structures is reliable, efficiency high,
Treat that test specimen is changed conveniently, have a wide range of application.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the double friction pair composite analogy experimental system entirety assembling schematic diagrams of the valve actuating mechanism；
Fig. 2 is valve and valve retainer scheme of installation；
Wherein：
1st, motor；2nd, belt；3rd, fixed plate；4th, camshaft；5th, cam；6th, roller；7th, tappet body；8th, valve actuating push rod；
9th, valve；10th, cylinder head；11st, valve retainer；12nd, heating coil；1-1, belt wheel one；4-1, belt wheel two；8-1, valve spring；
10-1, valve guide bushing；10-2, cooling water cavity.
Embodiment
Below against accompanying drawing, by the description to embodiment, embodiment of the invention is made further details of
Explanation, it is therefore an objective to help those skilled in the art to have more complete, accurate and deep reason to design of the invention, technical scheme
Solution, and contribute to its implementation.
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 2, the present invention is a kind of double friction pair composite analogy experimental systems of valve actuating mechanism, is realized simultaneously
The wear tests of two pairs of friction pairs, Stability Analysis of Structures is reliable, efficiency high, and simulation approaches with actual condition, and experimental data is strong
Reliably.
Including motor 1, belt 2, fixed plate 3, camshaft 4, cam 5, roller specifically, as shown in Figure 1 to Figure 2,
6th, tappet body 7, valve actuating push rod 8, valve 9, cylinder head 10, valve retainer 11 and heating coil 12, on the output shaft of the motor 1
Provided with the 1-1 of belt wheel one, the camshaft 4 is rotatablely connected with fixed plate 3, and the end of camshaft 4 is provided with the 4-1 of belt wheel two, institute
State the one end of belt 2 to be connected with the 1-1 of belt wheel one, other end is connected with the 4-1 of belt wheel two, and the cam 5 is interference fitted with camshaft 4
Connection, the roller 6 are rotatablely connected with the upper end of tappet body 7 by bearing pin, and the upper end of valve actuating push rod 8 is connected with tappet body 7, under
End is connected with valve 9, valve spring 8-1 is arranged with the valve actuating push rod 8, the cam 5 is with roller 6 in valve spring 8-1
Elastic restoring force effect under form higher pair friction pair, the cylinder head 10 is provided with valve guide bushing 10-1, the valve actuating push rod 8
Through valve guide bushing 10-1, the valve guide bushing 10-1 lower ends are provided with valve retainer 11, in valve spring 8-1 elastic restoring force
Valve 9 and valve retainer 11 is set to form impact wear kinematic pair under effect, the inside of 9 lower end cylinder head of valve 10 is provided with heating
Coil 12, the inside of cylinder head 10 are provided with cooling water cavity 10-2.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the heating coil 12 heats to valve 9, valve retainer 11 and cylinder head 10, simulates combustion gas
Cylinder temperature state during burning, and it is provided with cylinder temperature sensor in cylinder head 10.
As shown in figure 1, being provided with sliding bearing in the fixed plate 3, and it is emphasis lubricant housings.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, recirculated cooling water is passed through in the cooling water cavity 10-2, and water is provided with chilled(cooling) water return (CWR)
Temperature sensor.
Specific works mode is illustrated with specific embodiment below：
The double friction pair composite analogy experimental systems of the valve actuating mechanism, the 1-1 of 1 driving pulley of motor one are rotated, and the 1-1 of belt wheel one leads to
The 4-1 of 2 driving pulley of belt two is crossed to rotate with camshaft 4, cam 5 rotates together with camshaft 4, the pushing rolling wheels 6 of cam 5 with
And valve spring 8-1 elastic restoring force effect under, make valve actuating push rod 8 with valve 9 in valve guide bushing 10-1 up and down it is past
Multiple motion, and then the opening and closing of valve 9 and valve retainer 11 is driven, simulate the higher pair friction pair that cam 5 is formed with roller 6, mould
The impact wear kinematic pair that valve 9 is formed with valve retainer 11 is intended, wherein the inside of 9 lower end cylinder head of the valve 10 is provided with and added
Heat coil 12, the heating coil 12 heat to valve 9, valve retainer 11 and cylinder head 10, in cylinder when simulating fuel gas buring
State of temperature, and cylinder temperature sensor is provided with cylinder head 10, facilitate and record experimental data in human-computer interaction interface；Institute
State and recirculated cooling water is passed through in cooling water cavity 10-2, and cooling-water temperature sensor is provided with chilled(cooling) water return (CWR), simulated engine work
When water circulation so that experimental system more meets actual condition, ensures the accuracy and reliability of experimental data；The experiment
System architecture is compact, it is easy to accomplish, closer to engineering practice；The abrasion examination of two pairs of friction pairs can be completed simultaneously in addition
Test, Stability Analysis of Structures is reliable, efficiency high, treats that test specimen is changed conveniently, has a wide range of application.
Patent of the present invention is related to the comprehensive simulation test device of multipair friction pair, solves two class in engine valve actuating mechanism
The problem of typical friction pair (cam 5- rollers 6, valve 9- valve retainers 11) part level wear test means, test load, ring
Border and sample are sufficiently close to real work state, and result of the test not only can provide data branch for the optimization design of valve actuating mechanism
Hold, verification condition is provided for the kinematics and dynamics analysis result of valve actuating mechanism, the experimental rig can also be applied to new model
The durability certification test of valve actuating mechanism in project development process.In addition, experimental rig after optimization design, can be used as imparting knowledge to students
Instrument, give the student that undergoes training and more intuitively recognize and know from experience.
Overhead cam axle construction is connected to form an entirety by the device with valve movement mechanism by tappet body 7, real
Functional objective of a set of mechanism analog two to friction pair is showed.The output that the contact load of cam 5- rollers 6 comes from motor 1 is turned round
Square, the shock loading of valve 9- valve retainers 11 then come from valve spring 8-1 elastic force.During experiment, camshaft 4 is arranged in
The torque sensor at end can measure the contact torque of cam 5- rollers 6 in real time.To avoid the inclined of valve 9 and valve retainer 11
Mill, except installing longer valve guide bushing 10-1 additional, also install linear bearing additional in the both sides of tappet body 7, ensure that the elevating movement of valve 9
Unlikely deflection.The apparatus structure is compact, manufacturing cost is low, service life length, and transmission motion stabilization is reliable, automaticity
Height, being capable of the preferably motion of simulation valve actuating mechanism, stand under load, Service Environment.
The present invention is exemplarily described above in association with accompanying drawing, it is clear that present invention specific implementation is not by above-mentioned side
The limitation of formula, as long as employ the improvement of the various unsubstantialities of inventive concept and technical scheme of the present invention progress；Or not
It is improved, the above-mentioned design of the present invention and technical scheme are directly applied into other occasions, in protection scope of the present invention
Within.
Claims (4)
- A kind of 1. double friction pair composite analogy experimental systems of valve actuating mechanism, it is characterised in that：Including motor (1), belt (2), consolidate Dead axle seat (3), camshaft (4), cam (5), roller (6), tappet body (7), valve actuating push rod (8), valve (9), cylinder head (10), Valve retainer (11) and heating coil (12), the output shaft of the motor (1) are provided with belt wheel one (1-1), the camshaft (4) It is rotatablely connected with fixed plate (3), camshaft (4) end is provided with belt wheel two (4-1), described belt (2) one end and belt wheel One (1-1) connections, other end are connected with belt wheel two (4-1), and the cam (5) connects with camshaft (4) interference fit, described Roller (6) is rotatablely connected with tappet body (7) upper end by bearing pin, and valve actuating push rod (8) upper end is connected with tappet body (7), under End is connected with valve (9), valve spring (8-1) is arranged with the valve actuating push rod (8), the cam (5) is with roller (6) in gas Higher pair friction pair is formed under the elastic restoring force effect of door spring (8-1), the cylinder head (10) is provided with valve guide bushing (10- 1), the valve actuating push rod (8) passes through valve guide bushing (10-1), and valve guide bushing (10-1) lower end is provided with valve retainer (11), Valve (9) and valve retainer (11) is set to form impact wear kinematic pair, institute under the elastic restoring force effect of valve spring (8-1) State and heating coil (12) is provided with inside valve (9) lower end cylinder head (10), cooling water cavity is provided with inside the cylinder head (10) (10-2)。
- A kind of 2. double friction pair composite analogy experimental systems of valve actuating mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described Heating coil (12) simulates cylinder temperature shape during fuel gas buring to valve (9), valve retainer (11) and cylinder head (10) heating State, and it is provided with cylinder temperature sensor in cylinder head (10).
- A kind of 3. double friction pair composite analogy experimental systems of valve actuating mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described Sliding bearing is provided with fixed plate (3), and is emphasis lubricant housings.
- A kind of 4. double friction pair composite analogy experimental systems of valve actuating mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described Recirculated cooling water is passed through in cooling water cavity (10-2), and cooling-water temperature sensor is provided with chilled(cooling) water return (CWR).
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| CN109655361A (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2019-04-19 | 安庆帝伯粉末冶金有限公司 | A kind of pipe friction testing machine |
| CN111751238A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-10-09 | 河南柴油机重工有限责任公司 | Valve wear test device and method |
| CN113503197A (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2021-10-15 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Marine cam-tappet pair elastohydrodynamic lubrication analysis method considering structural vibration |
| CN113804444A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2021-12-17 | 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) | Checking test bed for friction pair of engine valve mechanism |
| CN114295380A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-04-08 | 贵阳学院 | Engine valve mechanism test device |
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