CN1159499C - Desertification preventing and treating comprehensive physical, chemical and plant method - Google Patents
Desertification preventing and treating comprehensive physical, chemical and plant method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a physical-chemical-plant comprehensive method for preventing and controlling desertification, which comprises the steps: manufacturing grass lattices by water pre-immersed grass lattice raw materials at sand areas, planting plants on the grass lattices, and spraying modified emulsified asphalt nutrient solution on the grass lattices to form a protection films with the thickness of 0.3 to 3 millimeters. The present invention method for preventing and controlling desertification combines the characteristics of physical-chemical-plant processes for preventing and controlling desertification. The protection film sprayed by modified emulsified pitch nutrient solution keeps the moisture of land, and forms a favorable ecological environment for the growth of plants, so that a desert is changed into an oasis. The present invention has the advantages of medium cost, quick operation and high efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sand control sand prevention technology, particularly relate to a kind of desertification preventing and treating comprehensive physical, chemical and plant method.
Technical background
Along with terrestrial climate warms, mankind's activity is frequent, destroys seriously day by day, and the desertification of the earth more and more influences people's living environment.China is one of the most serious country of desertification in the world, and 39.3 hundred million mu in desertification soil is arranged, and occupies 27.3% of land surface, and every year is also with 2460KM
2Speed outwards expand, make the environment in wider area cause disaster, thoroughly eradicating husky suffering from becomes the countries in the world urgent problem.
Large-area desertification of land is the reason that sandstorm produces, it is the key factor of soil erosion, the deterioration of the ecological environment, people seek various effective way and defend and control sand, as adopting aerial seeding aerial sowing and artificial planting afforestation etc., because the face of land, desert temperature height, dry soil moisture content is very poor, the plant emergence rate of sowing is very low, and the survival rate of tree planting is not high, it is reported, 600～650 yuan of the average every mu of investments of the Aba continent sand control in Sichuan, but the effect in improvement desert and not obvious.In the process of administering sand damage, except that the plantation vegetation, it also is one of effective means that physics fixes the sand, worldwide extensive use, so-called physics fixes the sand, be husky or covering sand bed with physical means such as sand-proof wall, fiber quilt, mulch film, straw checkerboard barrier retaining, to reduce big entraining air stream to the direct acting influence of sand bed.Northwest, China Gansu sand desert survey institute tested in Gansu Wuwei east with straw checkerboard barrier from the beginning of the eighties, and cooperated the plantation psammophytes to obtain certain effect.
In addition, people also take the method for chemistry to fix the sand, for example with the cementitious materials protecting film that one deck has certain intensity that paves on sandy land surface, to separate the direct effect of air-flow to sand bed.The former Soviet Union just began to fix the sand with mulseal in nineteen thirty-five, Here it is chemical sand-fixing a kind of, up to the beginning of the seventies, China Xibei Research Inst., Acdemy of Sciences MInistry of Railway carries out mulseal along the line at the blue railway of bag fixes the sand, and has carried out large tracts of land and has sprayed mulseal, and the experimental study of cooperation plantation sand-fixation plant, spraying thickness is 2～5 millimeters, but easily aging, and the heatproof difference does not change, the crisp summer in winter is soft, impracticable.
Desertification control method in sum, purpose be fix the sand and sand prevention on, exactly also rest on and control on the table, can not play sand prevention, fix the sand and make desert growth vegetation, form good ecological environment, add the cost problem of sand control again, do not obtain wide popularization and application.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the defective of the above-mentioned method of defending and controlling sand, be engaged in the research and development of preventing and fixing sand technical field for many years through the inventor, through long-term investigation exploration and practice, develop a kind of short-term response, effect a permanent cure for a long time, cost is moderate, sand prevention, sand control, makes the desert become the quick desertification preventing and treating comprehensive physical, chemical and plant method in oasis.
A kind of physics-chemistry provided by the invention-plant synthesize control desertification method comprises the following steps:
1, the straw checkerboard barrier raw material is carried out water logging and handle, then Yu Sha district processing and fabricating straw checkerboard barrier on the spot;
2, with plantation grass seeds and/or seeds in the straw checkerboard barrier;
3, have in kind and spray the 0.3-3 millimeter on the straw checkerboard barrier of plant, be preferably the 0.5-2.0 millimeter, the modified emulsifying asphalt nutrient solution diaphragm of 1.0-1.5 millimeters thick more preferably, and guard.
In a kind of desertification preventing and treating comprehensive physical, chemical and plant method provided by the invention, described straw checkerboard barrier raw material is sunflower pole, straw, wheat straw, sorghum rod, cotton bar, flax bar, undershrub branch, reed etc.The straw checkerboard barrier raw material at first carries out water logging to be handled, and the general preimpregnation time is 12-24 hour, so that increase toughness, and provides the plantation plant germination and growth required part moisture content.
Described straw checkerboard barrier will be according to sand district actual conditions and condition, and the straw checkerboard barrier raw material determines the straw checkerboard barrier job practices, can be sand ground lock imperial method, sand ground transplant seedlings method, bury underground can choose in three kinds of methods of grid fence method and a kind of the appropriate methodology in sand district constructed.(1) sand ground is locked imperial method: selected straw checkerboard barrier raw material is bundled into the long queue of 5 centimetres～20 centimetres of different-diameters, is fixed on sandy land surface with small wooden or twig, do the rectangle grid that the length of side do not wait or the grid of other shape, to reach the purpose of fixing the sand.(2) the sand ground method of transplanting seedlings: with 10～15 centimetres of end buried depths of selected straw checkerboard barrier raw material, do not walked to be appropriate depth by local big wind, it highly is 5～20 centimetres that the other end bassets, make the different rectangle grid of the length of side or the grid of other shape, the size of grid is decided according to local annual mean wind-force size, and the big grid of wind-force will be done little, suitably buried depth, otherwise grid can suitably be done greatly, suitably shallow embedding.Can fix the sand effectively, can not be blown away to good by strong wind again.(3) bury the grid fence underground and fix the sand method: the raw material of this method is preferably selected the plant straw of those thick shapes, as: sunflower pole, sorghum rod, cornstalk, little wood are irritated tree etc., be cut into 15～100 centimeter length, vertically bury into square paliform or other shape paliform, to reach the preventing and fixing sand purpose.
Described plantation grass seeds and/or Tree Species Selection be fit to growth in the desert, drought-resistant, adapt to local weather conditions, have the plant of good economic worth, as sacsaoul, caragana microphylla, hedysarum scoparium, non-irrigated reed, yellow hair bavin, sea-buckthorn, red building, wool top, diversiform-leaved poplar etc.
Selected vegetable seeds comprises that grass seed kind and trees seed with emerge in worm water 8-16 hour, make it suction moisture, with controlled release chemical fertilizer seed dressing back sowing.The seeding row spacing that size after growing up to according to plant is reserved, some water spot kind is in straw checkerboard barrier.
With the present invention is liquid high-quality modified emulsifying asphalt nutrient solution at normal temperatures, be sprayed on the Shamian Island of making straw checkerboard barrier, mulseal is breakdown of emulsion immediately, be reduced to matrix pitch, form asphalt membrane, it plays the effect of mulch film, produces comparatively ideal hydro-thermal effect and can keep the moisture in the sand not to be evaporated, make germination, take root, little careless little tree grows ground healthy and strongly.
The preparation method of described modified emulsifying asphalt nutrient solution is: (1) is in having the stirring make-up tank, the water that adds 40-70% (weight), be heated to 40-70 ℃, the emulsifier that adds 0.3-1.8% (weight) then successively, the modifier of 1.5-2.5% (weight), the trace mineral supplement of 0.05-0.2% (weight) stirs.(2) pitch with 30-60% (weight) is heated to 110-170 ℃, and the solution of joining with above-mentioned system after the fusing adds in the colloid mill by blender fully, grinds after 2 minutes, makes the modified emulsifying asphalt nutrient solution.
Among the preparation method according to above-mentioned modified emulsifying asphalt nutrient solution, described pitch is petroleum bitumen and coal tar asphalt, for example along with refinement method and use difference, the various specifications and the trade mark are arranged again, straight asphalt for example, oxidized asphalt, solvent deoiling pitch, as 200# and 60# road asphalt, ordinary road pitch, heavy-duty road asphalt, natural asphalt etc., these pitches can use separately or compound use more than two kinds, the preferred pitch that uses is straight asphalt, oxidized asphalt, solvent deoiling pitch, its quality index is that aromatic hydrocarbon is 28-57% (weight), saturated hydrocarbons is 9-19% (weight), asphalitine is 6-16% (weight), paraffin content＜2%, the pitch of density＞1, its consumption is 30-60% (weight), is preferably 40-50% (weight).
Described emulsifier be cation split slowly type, in split type, split the fast pitch emulsifier special that coagulates type slowly, for example wooden amine is as (RH-CO1), seven-star auxiliary reagent factory in Jiangyin provides); Alkyl amine such as 1631-softex kw, OT-octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride; Quaternary ammonium salts is as 1,3-two quaternary ammonium trimethyl isopropyl alcohol bases 2 swollen amine octadecyl hydrochlorides; Amide-type such as N-amino-ethyl acid amides, alkylamidoalkyl polyamines; Imidazolines etc., these emulsifier can use separately or composite use more than two kinds, and compound proportion is not strict with, and can choose wantonly as required, as long as the emulsifier addition of choosing is 0.3-1.8% (weight), is preferably 0.5-1.0% (weight).
Described modifier is the macromolecular thermoplastic elastic body, and as the block copolymer latex of styrene-butadiene, styrene-butadiene content is respectively 40-60% in its copolymer.Synthetic rubber class such as polychloroprene latex (CR), styrene-butadiene latex (SBR) etc.Thermoplastic resin, as ethylene-vinyl acetate fat (EVA) latex, its effective content is also at 40-60% etc.Being preferably these modifier of styrene butadiene styrene block copolymer (SBS) latex (claiming SBS latex) can use separately or be used more than two kinds, its match ratio is not strict with, can be mixed arbitrarily, its addition is the 1.5-2.5% (weight) of modified emulsifying asphalt nutrient solution.
Described trace mineral supplement is meant, as mineral-type stabilizing agent such as CaCl
2, MgCl
2, NH
4Cl, FeCl
3, AlCl
3Deng, nonionic analog assistant polyvinyl alcohol, methylcellulose, modified starch, polyacrylic acid, carboxymethyl cellulose etc.Dispersing agent such as aliphatic acid polyethenoxy ether sodium sulphate (claiming FES), desugar sodium lignin sulfonate (M-9, DDA-881) etc.Fertilizer, as urea, carbonic hydroammonium, ammonium nitrate etc. are selected trace mineral supplement type and consumption, the adding total amount 0.05-0.2% (weight) of trace mineral supplement according to the material and the addition thereof of preparation modified emulsifying asphalt nutrient solution.
The used colloid mill of the preparation of modified emulsifying asphalt nutrient solution is the colloid mill (production of Jiangyin, Jiangsu Jin Xin Lu Tong company) of commercially available equipment such as model JNRH-120.
The characteristics of desertification preventing and treating comprehensive physical, chemical and plant method provided by the invention are fixed the sand physics for (1), and it is in aggregates that chemical controlling sediment by plant three organically combines, and carries out in order, has both three's characteristics.(2) straw checkerboard barrier must pass through preliminary treatment, pre-buried psammophytes seed.(3) nutrient solution adds the macromolecular thermoplastic elastic body, the diaphragm ageing resistance that has additional nutrients, and elasticity, soil moisture conservation property, little grass can grow.(4) adopt the cationic amines emulsifier, emulsifying capacity is strengthened, the nutrient solution stable performance, and penetrating power is strong.(5) nutrient solution adds wooden aminated compounds, for little grass growth provides growth nutriment.(6) spraying modified mulseal nutrient solution, after ecological environment formed, protective film weathering behind the 3-5 combined together with soil.(7) construction is simple, the spraying efficiency height, and cost is low, is convenient to large tracts of land and promotes.(8) equipment of production nutrient solution is removable, can produce on the spot at desert edge, and the sand prevention cost is dropped to bottom line.
Preferred embodiment
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to
Embodiment.
The preparation embodiment 1-3 of modified emulsifying asphalt nutrient solution and comparative example 1-2
Embodiment 1:
Get the clean water of 238.5 grams, in water, add 3 grams and split wooden amine RHCO1 type emulsifier (seven-star auxiliary reagent factory in Jiangyin provides) slowly, 0.25 gram MgCl
20.3 gram aliphatic acid polyethenoxy ether sodium sulphate (FES) (auxiliary reagent factory, Shanghai provides), 0.25 gram acrylic acid gelatin, 0.2 gram urea, in the ingredients groove, stir, emulsifier aqueous solution is warming up to 65 ℃ then, adding SBS latex 7.5 grams (Technology Service Co., Ltd provides by refreshing continent, Jiangyin City) mixes, and the temperature of emulsifier aqueous solution remained on 65 ℃, simultaneously 250 gram straight asphalt A (its performance is as shown in table 1) are heated to 135 ℃ and the emulsifier aqueous solution for preparing and join (4900 rev/mins of revolutions) in the colloid mill simultaneously, through colloid mill processing 2 minutes, just obtain the modified emulsifying asphalt nutrition product, the result is as shown in table 2.As can be seen from Table 2, it only is 0.03 that the modified emulsifying asphalt nutrient solution sieve that the present invention produced is gone up surplus, and bin stability 5 days was 0.9, the softening point height, and residual ductility is than big, and sticking toughness properties is good.
Comparative Examples 1:
Compare with embodiment 1, Comparative Examples 1 does not add SBS latex and relevant auxiliary agent.
Get the clean water of 238.5 grams, add 3 grams and split wooden amine RHCO1 type emulsifier slowly, mixing and stirring, and emulsifier aqueous solution is warming up to 65 ℃, then the straight asphalt A of 258.5g is heated to 135 ℃ and adds (4900 rev/mins of revolutions) in the colloid mill simultaneously with emulsifier aqueous solution, after 2 minutes, can make emulsified asphalt product, the results are shown in Table 2.
As can be seen from Table 2, do not add the mulseal that modifier SBS and auxiliary agent are produced, sticking toughness and toughness descend significantly, and bin stability is poor, and softening point, residual ductility are bigger than fall, and the poor performance of mulseal can not be stored.
Comparative Examples 2:
Compare with embodiment 1, do not add relevant auxiliary agent in the Comparative Examples 2, but added modifier.
Get the clean water of 238.5 grams, add 3 grams and split wooden amine RHCO1 type emulsifier slowly, 7.5 gram SBS latex, be heated to 65 ℃ while stirring, make emulsifier aqueous solution evenly till, get 251 gram straight asphaltes simultaneously and be heated to 135 ℃, then heated bitumen and the emulsifier aqueous solution that stirs are added in the colloid mill (4900 rev/mins of revolutions), after 2 minutes, can make the modified emulsifying asphalt product, the results are shown in Table 2.
As can be seen from Table 2, add modifier and mulseal that adding assistant did not produce, its sieve is gone up surplus to be increased, and the when sticking toughness of softening point, residual ductility obviously improves, but stability is very poor, can not store.
Embodiment 2:
In make-up tank, add the clean water of 213.25 grams, in water, add in 6 grams earlier and split emulsifier (JWRH-2M) (Shanghai longitude and latitude chemical industry Co., Ltd provides), add 0.25 gram NH while stirring
4Cl, 0.3 gram carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.2 gram desugar sodium lignin sulfonate (M-9) (providing) by the Jilin village chemical fibre paper pulp factory of cutting into a mountain, emulsifier aqueous solution is heated to 65 ℃, at this moment add 10 gram SBS latex (Technology Service Co., Ltd provides by refreshing continent, Jiangyin City), stand-by after mixing.
Get 270 gram solvent deoiling pitch B, be heated to about 135 ℃, be fused into liquid state fully after, add (4900 rev/mins of revolutions) in the colloid mill simultaneously with the emulsifier aqueous solution that has prepared, after 2 minutes, produce the modified emulsifying asphalt nutrient solution.The results are shown in Table 3.
As can be seen from Table 3, the bin stability of modified bitumen nutrient solution is very good, softening point, sticking toughness geometric ratio material asphalt improve a lot, improved the application life of modified emulsifying asphalt, surplus helps the sprinkling of nutrient solution on the desirable sieve, helps the formation of nutrient film and the effect of soil moisture conservation.
Embodiment 3:
In make-up tank, add the clean water of 199 grams, in water, add 7.5 grams earlier and split the fast emulsifier (JWRH-MK type) (Shanghai longitude and latitude chemical industry Co., Ltd provides) that coagulates slowly, add FeCl while stirring
30.2 gram, polyvinyl alcohol 0.45 gram, DDA-881 dispersing agent 0.25 gram (chemical plant, Heze, Shandong provides), carbonic hydroammonium 0.1 gram are heated to 65 ℃ to emulsifier aqueous solution, it is stand-by at this moment to add the EVA latex 12.5 grams back that stirs.
Get 280 gram oxidized asphalt C, be heated to 135 ℃ simultaneously, heated bitumen melts the back fully and joins (4900 rev/mins of revolutions) in the colloid mill with above-mentioned mixed solution, processes and promptly makes the modified emulsifying asphalt nutrient solution after 2 minutes.The results are shown in Table 3.
As can be seen from Table 3, modified emulsifying asphalt nutrient solution stability is still better, and sticking toughness increases more than material asphalt, help the formation of nutrient film, the softening point height, and residual ductility is than big, and surplus helps spraying on the less sieve.
Embodiment 4
Has carried out with the experiment of defending and controlling sand of modified emulsifying asphalt nutrient solution in military long highway western part in the Wuwei, Gansu Province, about 660 square metres of area, and the raw material of selected straw checkerboard barrier is a wheat straw, the compound method of modified emulsifying asphalt nutrient solution such as embodiment 1.In the process of experiment, we are earlier wheat straw and grass, seeds is used emerge in worm water 16 hours, afterwards wheat straw being bundled into diameter is 10 centimetres long queue, with small wooden, twig, they are fixed on sandy land surface, the length of side of straw checkerboard barrier is 1.5 meters, the seed of the non-irrigated reed of soaking is sprinkling upon on the interior Shamian Island of straw checkerboard barrier, the sub-program request of diversiform-leaved poplar seeds on the straw checkerboard barrier limit, is sprayed at the modified emulsifying asphalt nutrient solution on the straw checkerboard barrier surface with special-purpose spray appliance then, and thickness is 1 millimeter, after one month, the sand bed surface has just grown luxuriant little grass and mountain sapling.Now, these little grass and little sapling have all grown up, their root is solid firmly in sand ground, the diversiform-leaved poplar tree that has has more than two meters high, and more than 80 millimeter thick, and those are sprayed at the modified emulsifying asphalt nutrient solution on the Shamian Island, be one with husky the thawing already, become plant food, this sheet soil has been full of life, and the sand control effect is very good.
Embodiment 5
At Inner Mongol Tengger desert, carry out the experiment of defending and controlling sand of modified emulsifying asphalt nutrient solution.Area has 600 square metres, and the raw material of straw checkerboard barrier has cornstalk to add straw, the preparation method of modified emulsifying asphalt nutrient solution such as embodiment 2.In the process of experiment, earlier cornstalk was soaked 16 hours, be cut into the section shape of 30 centimeter length again, then they are buried into straw checkerboard barrier, burying the degree of depth is 15 centimetres, the height that bassets also is 15 centimetres, the grid length of side is 1 meter, be sprinkling upon respectively on the Shamian Island in the straw checkerboard barrier and on the straw checkerboard barrier limit soaking 16 hours camel thorn grass seed and caragana microphylla seeds then, the modified emulsifying asphalt nutrient solution for preparing is sprayed on the Shamian Island in the straw checkerboard barrier with special equipment, and thickness is 1 millimeter, after one month, just grown blue and green little grass and sapling, these camel thorns a slice of looking glossy and green now.Those caragana microphyllas tree have up to two meters, have more than 100 millimeter thick, its modified emulsifying asphalt nutrient solution along with exposing to the weather and the development growth of little careless little tree, combines together with sand bed already, the sand control effect is very good equally.
Embodiment 6
Also carried out the experiment of defending and controlling sand of modified emulsifying asphalt nutrient solution in Gansu green grass or young crops main water supply tube institute agricultural field, nearly 1200 square metres of area, selected straw checkerboard barrier raw material adds straw for the flax bar, the preparation method of the modified emulsifying nutrient solution of selecting for use such as embodiment 3.During experiment, earlier the straw straw were soaked 16 hours in water, with the sand ground method of transplanting seedlings straw is buried 15 centimetres then, basset more than 10 centimetres, and become the straw checkerboard barrier shape, non-irrigated reed seed immersion after 16 hours, be sprinkling upon on the Shamian Island in the straw checkerboard barrier, the diversiform-leaved poplar seed soaks the same time and scoops up both sides at straw, and the modified emulsifying asphalt nutrient solution for preparing is sprayed on the Shamian Island in the straw checkerboard barrier with special equipment, and thickness is 1 millimeter.Later just grew green little grass and sapling in one month, these non-irrigated reeds grow fine at present, and the diversiform-leaved poplar height of tree reaches two meters, and thick more than 100 millimeters, nutrient solution has also circulated in the sandy soil, has become the nutritional labeling of plant high-quality.
The method of defending and controlling sand in the comprehensive example, we can see, use the modified emulsifying asphalt nutrient solution can play the purpose of fundamentally sand control, its small investment, instant effect, sand-fixing effect are good, are husky good methods of suffering from of radical cure.
Table 1
| Pitch | A | B | C |
| Straight asphalt | Solvent deoiling pitch | Oxidized asphalt | |
| Density (20 ℃) gram per centimeter 3 | 1.0078 | 1.0084 | 1.0141 |
| Kinematic viscosity (100 ℃) millimeter 2/ second | 1673.1 | 2482.6 | 2831.9 |
| Viscosity (135 ℃) centipoise | 298 | 389 | 491 |
| Carbon residue % (weight) | 21.2 | 20.9 | 21.8 |
| 1/10 millimeter of needle penetration (25 ℃) | 104 | 102 | 101 |
| Softening point (ball ball method) ℃ | 43 | 44.2 | 45.6 |
| Ductility (5 ℃) centimetre | 11 | 16 | 19 |
| Sticking toughness (25 ℃) newton. rice | 3.69 | 4.20 | 5.11 |
| Toughness (25 ℃) newton. rice | 0.59 | 1.18 | 2.10 |
| Saturated part of % (weight) | 15.7 | 10.6 | 11.8 |
| Fragrance part % (weight) | 44.6 | 53.1 | 47.1 |
| Colloid % (weight) | 31.0 | 24.9 | 27 |
| Asphalitine % (weight) | 7.0 | 9.8 | 12.2 |
| Paraffin content % (weight) | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.9 |
Table 2
| Embodiment 1 | Comparative Examples 1 | Comparative Examples 2 | ||
| Bitumen A % (weight) | 50 | 51.7 | 50.2 | |
| SBS latex % (weight) | 1.5 | 1.5 | ||
| Water % (weight) | 47.7 | 47.7 | 47.7 | |
| Emulsifier RHCO1 type % (weight) | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | |
| Stabilizing agent MgCl 2% (weight) | 0.05 | |||
| Acrylic acid gelatin % (weight) | 0.05 | |||
| Dispersing agent FES % (weight) | 0.06 | |||
| Urea % (weight) | 0.04 | |||
| The heated bitumen temperature (℃) | 135 | 135 | 135 | |
| The emulsifier aqueous solution temperature (℃) | 65 | 65 | 65 | |
| The quality index of modified emulsifying asphalt nutrient solution | ||||
| Surplus on the sieve (%) | 0.03 | 4 | 0.216 | |
| Electric charge | (+) | (+) | (+) | |
| Bin stability (24 hours) % | 0.1 | 2.8 | 4 | |
| (120 hours) % | 0.9 | 9 | 12 | |
| Pitch standard viscosimeter C 25，3(S) | 18 | 9 | 16 | |
| Evaporated residue content % | 52 | 49.2 | 50 | |
| Low tempertaure storage stability (5 ℃) | No coarse granule or caking | A small amount of coarse granule or caking are arranged | A large amount of coarse granules or caking are arranged | |
| De-emulsification speed | Slowly split slow hardening | Slowly split slow hardening | Slowly split slow hardening | |
| The evaporation of residual properties | Needle penetration (100 grams, 25 ℃, 5S) 0.1 millimeter | 96 | 108 | 98 |
| Softening point (ring and ball method) (℃) | 50 | 42 | 48 | |
| Residual ductility than (25 ℃, %) | 95 | 55 | 88 | |
| Solubility (trichloro-ethylene) is not less than % | 99.9 | 98 | 97.8 | |
| Sticking toughness (25 ℃) newton. rice | 12 | 1.2 | 8 | |
| Toughness (25 ℃) newton. rice | 8 | 1.2 | 5.8 | |
Table 3
| Numbering | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 |
| Pitch B % (weight) | 54 | |
| Pitch C % (weight) | 56 | |
| SBR latex % (weight) | 2.0 | |
| EVA latex % (weight) | 2.5 | |
| Emulsifier JWRH-2M % (weight) | 1.2 | |
| JWRH-MK % (weight) | 1.5 | |
| Water % (weight) | 42.65 | 39.8 |
| Stabilizing agent NH 4Cl % (weight) | 0.05 | |
| FeCl 3% (weight) | 0.04 | |
| Carboxymethyl cellulose % (weight) | 0.06 | |
| Polyvinyl alcohol % (weight) | 0.09 | |
| Dispersing agent desugar sodium lignin sulfonate % (weight) | 0.04 | |
| DDA-881 % (weight) | 0.05 | |
| Fertilizer carbonic hydroammonium % (weight) | 0.02 | |
| The heated bitumen temperature (℃) | 135 | 135 |
| The emulsifier aqueous solution temperature (℃) | 65 | 65 |
| The character of modified emulsifying asphalt nutrient solution | ||
| Surplus on the sieve (%) | 0.02 | 0.015 |
| Electric charge | (+) | (+) |
| Bin stability (24 hours) % | 0.04 | 0.06 |
| (120 hours) % | 1.20 | 0.97 |
| Pitch standard viscosimeter C 25，3(S) | 17 | 18 |
| Evaporated residue content (%) | 53.7 | 55.6 |
| Low tempertaure storage stability (5 ℃) | No coarse granule or caking | No coarse granule or caking |
| De-emulsification speed | In split (modification) | Slowly split fast coagulate (modification) |
Claims (10)
1, a kind of physics-chemistry-plant synthesize control desertification method comprises the following steps:
(1) the straw checkerboard barrier raw material is carried out water logging and handle, back Yu Sha district is the processing and fabricating straw checkerboard barrier on the spot;
(2) plantation grass seeds and/or seeds in straw checkerboard barrier;
(3) in kind the modified emulsifying asphalt nutrient solution diaphragm that sprays the 0.3-3 millimeters thick on the straw checkerboard barrier of plant is arranged, and guard.
2, physics-chemistry according to claim 1-plant synthesize control desertification method is characterized in that spraying modified mulseal nutrient solution thickness is the 0.5-2.0 millimeter.
3, according to each physics-chemistry-plant synthesize control desertification method of claim 1-2, the preparation that it is characterized in that described modified emulsifying asphalt nutrient solution is in having the stirring make-up tank, the water that adds 40-70 weight %, be heated to 40-70 ℃, the emulsifier that adds 0.3-1.8 weight % then successively, 1.5-2.5 the modifier of weight %, the trace mineral supplement of 0.05-0.2 weight % stirs; The pitch of 30-60 weight % is heated to 110-170 ℃, and fusing back adds to grind in the colloid mill by blender with the solution of above-mentioned preparation and got the modified emulsifying asphalt nutrient solution in 2 minutes fully.
4, physics-chemistry according to claim 3-plant synthesize control desertification method, it is characterized in that described pitch is petroleum bitumen or coal tar asphalt, the aromatic hydrocarbon of pitch is 25-57 weight %, and saturated hydrocarbons is 9-19 weight %, colloid is 18-35 weight %, and asphalitine is 6-16 weight %.
5, physics-chemistry according to claim 4-plant synthesize control desertification method is characterized in that described pitch is straight asphalt, oxidized asphalt, solvent deoiling pitch, heavy-duty road asphalt or natural asphalt.
6, physics-chemistry according to claim 3-plant synthesize control desertification method is characterized in that emulsifier is wooden amine, alkylamine, quaternary amine or acid amides or imidazoline.
7, physics-chemistry according to claim 3-plant synthesize control desertification method is characterized in that described modifier is macromolecule thermoplastic elastomer, synthetic resin or type thermoplastic resin.
8, physics-chemistry according to claim 7-plant synthesize control desertification method is characterized in that described modifier is styrene-butadiene one styrene block copolymer latex, styrene-butadiene latex, polychloroprene latex or ethylene-vinyl acetate latex.
9, physics-chemistry according to claim 3-plant synthesize control desertification method is characterized in that described trace mineral supplement is Cacl
2, Mgcl
2, Alcl
3, Fecl
3, polyvinyl alcohol, methylcellulose, modified starch, CMC, polyacrylic acid; Aliphatic acid, polyethenoxy ether sodium sulfate, desugar sodium lignin sulfonate; Urea, carbonic hydroammonium or ammonium nitrate.
10, physics-chemistry according to claim 1-plant synthesize control desertification method, it is characterized in that described sand district on the spot the processing and fabricating straw checkerboard barrier be that sand ground is locked transplant seedlings method or bury the fence method underground of imperial method or sand ground.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021185646A CN1159499C (en) | 2002-04-28 | 2002-04-28 | Desertification preventing and treating comprehensive physical, chemical and plant method |
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| CNB021185646A CN1159499C (en) | 2002-04-28 | 2002-04-28 | Desertification preventing and treating comprehensive physical, chemical and plant method |
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| CN1375600A CN1375600A (en) | 2002-10-23 |
| CN1159499C true CN1159499C (en) | 2004-07-28 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102676195B (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2014-04-02 | 徐国财 | Chemical modification method of coal pitch with unsaturated thermoplastic elastomer |
| CN105145020A (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2015-12-16 | 中国石油化工集团公司 | Planting method |
| CN108605665A (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2018-10-02 | 江苏荣成路桥材料有限公司 | A kind of grid cloth-asphalt membrane-ecotype synthetical sand-prevention desertification control method |
| CN110079331B (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2021-04-06 | 内蒙古自治区林业科学研究院 | Preparation and application method of water-soluble environment-friendly sand fixing agent |
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