CN115927967A - High-toughness steel forging for ball mill and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
High-toughness steel forging for ball mill and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910000691 Re alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- DECCZIUVGMLHKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium tungsten Chemical compound [W].[Re] DECCZIUVGMLHKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910001093 Zr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- PTXMVOUNAHFTFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;vanadium Chemical compound [AlH3].[V] PTXMVOUNAHFTFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Dichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)Cl SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trichloroethylene Chemical group ClC=C(Cl)Cl XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- UBOXGVDOUJQMTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroethylene Natural products ClCC(Cl)Cl UBOXGVDOUJQMTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001563 bainite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-toughness steel forging for a ball mill and a preparation process thereof, which comprises the steps of adding preparation raw materials of scrap steel, high-carbon ferrochrome, vanadium-aluminum alloy, tungsten-rhenium alloy, zirconium alloy and the like into an induction furnace for smelting, obtaining alloy liquid with qualified quality after the raw materials are completely dissolved at high temperature, then casting and molding the alloy liquid to obtain a forged steel casting, then heating and preserving the forged steel casting in sections, then carrying out a quenching process, carrying out section heating and low-temperature tempering to obtain a forged steel matrix, and then grinding, polishing, ultrasonic cleaning and drying to obtain the high-toughness steel forging for the ball mill. The invention can overcome the defects of coarse crystal structure and poor wear resistance of the existing steel forging for the ball mill, and has simple process flow and prolonged service life of workpieces.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of wear-resistant materials, in particular to high-toughness steel forging for a ball mill and a preparation process thereof.
Background
The ball mill is a grinding device widely used in various foundation construction industries, wherein steel forgings are used as grinding material media in the ball mill and are subjected to collision and friction between the steel forgings and the materials for a long time, so that certain requirements are imposed on the wear resistance and the mechanical property of the ball mill. The chemical components of the steel can be changed greatly, in the actual production, the steel often contains different alloy elements such as manganese, nickel, vanadium and the like according to different purposes, the problems of insufficient wear resistance and mechanical property of the existing steel forging for the ball mill, the service life and the grinding effect of the steel forging are influenced by changing the internal components of the steel, and meanwhile, the metal heat treatment process of the forged steel also has great influence on the performance of the forged steel.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the preparation raw materials of scrap steel, high-carbon ferrochrome, vanadium-aluminum alloy, tungsten-rhenium alloy, zirconium alloy and the like are added into an induction furnace for smelting, after the raw materials are completely dissolved at high temperature, alloy liquid with qualified quality is obtained, then the alloy liquid is cast and molded to obtain a forged steel casting, then the forged steel casting is heated and insulated in sections, then the quenching process is carried out, the forged steel matrix is obtained after the sectional heating and low-temperature tempering, and then the high-toughness steel forging for the ball mill is obtained through grinding, polishing, ultrasonic cleaning and drying.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the high-toughness steel forging for the ball mill is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 1.45 to 1.75%, si:0.75 to 0.8%, mn:1.0 to 1.12%, al:0.1 to 0.25%, cr:8.5 to 10%, re:0.03 to 0.1%, W:0.3 to 0.8%, zr:0.05 to 0.15%, nb:0.02 to 0.045%, mo:0.4 to 0.7%, sr:0.05 to 0.15%, V:0.05 to 0.15%, P: less than or equal to 0.03%, S: less than or equal to 0.02 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The high-toughness steel forging preparation process for the ball mill comprises the following steps:
s1, adding scrap steel, high-carbon ferrochrome, vanadium-aluminum alloy, tungsten-rhenium alloy, zirconium alloy and preparation raw materials into an induction furnace to be smelted according to the weight ratio of the chemical components in the wear-resistant ball, stirring the molten materials after the raw materials are completely dissolved at high temperature, standing for a period of time in a heat preservation state to obtain alloy liquid with qualified quality, and then casting and molding the alloy liquid to obtain a forged steel casting;
s2, air-cooling the casting to room temperature, then heating and preserving heat of the cooled forged steel casting in sections, and then carrying out a quenching process;
s3, selecting a cleaning agent to remove impurities and oil stains on the surface of the substrate, wherein the cleaning agent comprises one or more of industrial dichloroethane, industrial carbon tetrachloride, industrial trichloroethylene, industrial alcohol (the concentration is not lower than 95.6%), concentrated nitric acid (the concentration is not lower than 98%) and alkaline degreasing solution, and drying after cleaning;
s4, carrying out sectional heating on the obtained forged steel blank, and then carrying out low-temperature tempering to obtain a forged steel matrix;
and S5, grinding and polishing the forged steel matrix subjected to the step S4, ultrasonically cleaning and drying to obtain the high-toughness steel forging for the ball mill.
In the above technical solution, preferably, the mass fraction of rhenium element in the tungsten-rhenium alloy used in the high-toughness steel forging for the ball mill is less than 10% of the total mass fraction of the tungsten-rhenium alloy.
In the above technical solution, preferably, one or two of Zr-1Nb and Zr-2.5Nb can be used as the zirconium alloy in S1.
In the technical scheme, the smelting temperature in the S1 is 1500-1560 ℃.
Preferably, the technical scheme is characterized in that the casting temperature in the S1 is 1420-1450 ℃.
In the above technical solution, preferably, the specific process of the sectional heating in S2 is: heating the casting to 430-455 ℃ at a heating rate of 6.5-7.5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 20-35 min, heating to 770-790 ℃ at a heating rate of 5.5-6.5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 25-35 min, heating to 940-960 ℃ at a heating rate of 3.5-4.5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 13-18 min, then performing oil quenching to 730-750 ℃, performing water quenching to room temperature, preserving heat for 30-40 min, heating to 260-270 ℃ at a heating rate of 4-5.5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 25-30 min, heating to 355-365 ℃ at a heating rate of 2-3.5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 20-30 min, and then air cooling to room temperature.
In the above technical scheme, preferably, the specific process for the low-temperature tempering in S4 comprises: heating the forged steel blank to 225-240 ℃, preserving heat for 25-30 min, heating to 280-290 ℃, preserving heat for 45-55 min, heating to 320-325 ℃, preserving heat for 50-60 min, heating to 410-415 ℃, preserving heat for 70-75 min, heating to 570 ℃, preserving heat for 120-130 min, air cooling to room temperature, heating to 240-250 ℃, and preserving heat for 1.5-2 h to obtain the forged steel matrix.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention designs a high-toughness steel forging for a ball mill and a preparation process thereof innovatively, and ensures that the strength of the forged steel can be increased and the forged steel has high toughness and plasticity by reasonably matching a plurality of alloy components of manganese, nickel, chromium and molybdenum in the process of preparing the high-toughness steel forging, thereby avoiding the obvious reduction of the plasticity and toughness of the material due to the increase of the strength, overcoming the contradiction that the strength, the plasticity and the toughness of the material can not be considered due to the unreasonable matching of the components, refining the structure crystal grains, improving the wear resistance of the forged steel, and improving the mechanical properties of a wear-resistant ball blank body such as hardness, strength, toughness and the like to a certain extent; the segmented tempering mode is favorable for further stress relief of the wear-resistant ball to prevent cracking deformation, and in the abrasive wear process, large-size hard particles can resist the micro-cutting effect of abrasive particles and prevent the abrasive particles from being embedded into a matrix; the small-sized particles and the fine bemalice can enhance the yield strength of the matrix, improve the deformation resistance of the matrix, provide better support effect for the hard particles and prevent the large-sized hard particles from falling off when continuously subjected to the action of external force.
Through reasonable matching of a plurality of alloy components of manganese, nickel, chromium and molybdenum, the strength of the forged steel can be increased, the high toughness and plasticity of the forged steel can be ensured, the obvious reduction of the plasticity and toughness of the material caused by the increase of the strength is avoided, and the contradiction that the strength, the plasticity and the toughness of the material can not be considered due to the unreasonable matching of all the components is overcome.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
the invention provides a high-toughness steel forging for a ball mill, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.45 to 1.75%, si:0.75 to 0.8%, mn:1.0 to 1.12%, al:0.1 to 0.25%, cr:8.5 to 10%, re:0.03 to 0.1%, W:0.3 to 0.8%, zr:0.05 to 0.15%, nb:0.02 to 0.045%, mo:0.4 to 0.7%, sr:0.05 to 0.15%, V:0.05 to 0.15%, P: less than or equal to 0.03%, S: less than or equal to 0.02 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The high-toughness steel forging preparation process for the ball mill comprises the following steps:
s1, adding scrap steel, high-carbon ferrochrome, vanadium-aluminum alloy, tungsten-rhenium alloy, zirconium alloy and preparation raw materials into an induction furnace to be smelted according to the weight ratio of the chemical components in the wear-resistant ball, wherein the smelting temperature is 1500 ℃, stirring the molten material after the raw materials are completely dissolved at high temperature, standing for a period of time in a heat preservation state to obtain alloy liquid with qualified quality, and then casting and molding the alloy liquid to obtain a forged steel casting;
s2, air-cooling the casting to room temperature, then heating the cooled forged steel casting in sections, heating the casting to 455 ℃ at a heating rate of 6.5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 20min, heating to 770 ℃ at a heating rate of 6.5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 35min, heating to 960 ℃ at a heating rate of 3.5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 3 hours, carrying out a quenching process in a water quenching mode, when the temperature is reduced to 720 ℃, heating to 950 ℃, preserving heat for 1 hour, carrying out a quenching process on the casting again in an oil quenching mode, cooling to 530 ℃, preserving heat for 2 hours, and cooling to room temperature in the air to obtain a forged steel blank;
s3, selecting a cleaning agent to remove impurities and oil stains on the surface of the substrate, wherein the cleaning agent comprises one or more of industrial dichloroethane, industrial carbon tetrachloride, industrial trichloroethylene, industrial alcohol (the concentration is not lower than 95.6%), concentrated nitric acid (the concentration is not lower than 98%) and alkaline degreasing liquid, and drying after cleaning;
s4, tempering the forged steel blank obtained through the quenching process at a low temperature, heating the forged steel blank to 225 ℃, preserving heat for 25min, heating to 280 ℃, preserving heat for 55min, heating to 320 ℃, preserving heat for 60min, heating to 410 ℃, preserving heat for 75min, heating to 570 ℃, preserving heat for 120min, air-cooling to room temperature, heating to 250 ℃, and preserving heat for 1.5 to obtain a forged steel matrix;
and S5, grinding and polishing the forged steel matrix subjected to the step S4, ultrasonically cleaning and drying to obtain the high-toughness steel forging for the ball mill.
Example 2:
the invention provides a high-toughness steel forging for a ball mill, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.75%, si:0.75%, mn:1.12%, al:0.1%, cr:10%, re:0.03%, W:0.8%, zr:0.05%, nb:0.045%, mo:0.4%, sr:0.15%, V:0.05%, P: less than or equal to 0.03%, S: less than or equal to 0.02 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The high-toughness steel forging preparation process for the ball mill comprises the following steps:
s1, adding scrap steel, high-carbon ferrochrome, vanadium-aluminum alloy, tungsten-rhenium alloy, zirconium alloy and preparation raw materials into an induction furnace according to the weight ratio of the chemical components in the wear-resistant ball to be smelted, wherein the smelting temperature is 1560 ℃, stirring the molten material after the raw materials are completely dissolved at high temperature, standing for a period of time in a heat preservation state to obtain alloy liquid with qualified quality, and then casting and molding the alloy liquid to obtain a forged steel casting;
s2, air-cooling the casting to room temperature, then heating the cooled forged steel casting in sections, heating the casting to 430 ℃ at a heating rate of 7.5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 35min, heating to 790 ℃ at a heating rate of 5.5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 25min, heating to 940 ℃ at a heating rate of 4.5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 3 hours, carrying out a quenching process in a water quenching mode, when the temperature is reduced to 760 ℃, heating to 910 ℃, preserving heat for 2 hours, carrying out a quenching process on the casting again in an oil quenching mode, cooling to 500 ℃, preserving heat for 2 hours, and cooling to room temperature in the air to obtain a forged steel blank;
s3, selecting a cleaning agent to remove impurities and oil stains on the surface of the substrate, wherein the cleaning agent comprises one or more of industrial dichloroethane, industrial carbon tetrachloride, industrial trichloroethylene, industrial alcohol (the concentration is not lower than 95.6%), concentrated nitric acid (the concentration is not lower than 98%) and alkaline degreasing liquid, and drying after cleaning;
s4, tempering the forged steel blank obtained by the quenching process at a low temperature, heating the forged steel blank to 240 ℃, preserving heat for 25min, heating to 290 ℃, preserving heat for 45min, heating to 325 ℃, preserving heat for 50min, heating to 415 ℃, preserving heat for 70min, heating to 570 ℃, preserving heat for 130min, air cooling to room temperature, heating to 240 ℃, and preserving heat for 2h to obtain a forged steel matrix;
and S5, grinding and polishing the forged steel matrix subjected to the step S4, ultrasonically cleaning and drying to obtain the high-toughness steel forging for the ball mill.
Example 3:
the invention provides high-toughness steel forging for a ball mill, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.65%, si:0.78%, mn:1.1%, al:0.15%, cr:9.2%, re:0.05%, W:0.5%, zr:0.1%, nb:0.03%, mo:0.5%, sr:0.1%, V:0.1%, P: less than or equal to 0.03%, S: less than or equal to 0.02 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The high-toughness steel forging preparation process for the ball mill comprises the following steps:
s1, adding scrap steel, high-carbon ferrochrome, vanadium-aluminum alloy, tungsten-rhenium alloy, zirconium alloy and preparation raw materials into an induction furnace according to the weight ratio of the chemical components in the wear-resistant ball to be smelted, wherein the smelting temperature is 1540 ℃, after the raw materials are completely dissolved at high temperature, stirring the molten material, standing for a period of time in a heat preservation state to obtain alloy liquid with qualified quality, and then casting and molding the alloy liquid to obtain a forged steel casting;
s2, cooling the casting to room temperature by air, then heating the cooled forged steel casting in sections, heating the casting to 440 ℃ at a heating rate of 7 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30min, heating to 783 ℃ at a heating rate of 6 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30min, heating to 949 ℃ at a heating rate of 4.2 ℃/min, preserving heat for 3 hours, quenching the casting by a water quenching method, heating to 940 ℃ when the temperature is reduced to 740 ℃, preserving heat for 1.5 hours, quenching the casting again by an oil quenching method, cooling to 515 ℃, preserving heat for 2 hours, and cooling to room temperature in the air to obtain a forged steel blank;
s3, selecting a cleaning agent to remove impurities and oil stains on the surface of the substrate, wherein the cleaning agent comprises one or more of industrial dichloroethane, industrial carbon tetrachloride, industrial trichloroethylene, industrial alcohol (the concentration is not lower than 95.6%), concentrated nitric acid (the concentration is not lower than 98%) and alkaline degreasing solution, and drying after cleaning;
s4, tempering the forged steel blank obtained through the quenching process at a low temperature, heating the forged steel blank to 233 ℃, preserving heat for 27min, heating to 285 ℃, preserving heat for 50min, heating to 322 ℃, preserving heat for 55min, heating to 412 ℃, preserving heat for 71min, heating to 570 ℃, preserving heat for 120min, air cooling to room temperature, heating to 2405 ℃, and preserving heat for 1.5h to obtain the forged steel base body. (ii) a
And S5, grinding and polishing the forged steel matrix subjected to the step S4, ultrasonically cleaning and drying to obtain the high-toughness steel forging for the ball mill.
Comparative example 1:
the invention provides a high-toughness steel forging for a ball mill, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.2%, si:0.9%, mn:1.0%, al:0.25%, cr:8%, re:0.1%, W:0.8%, zr:0.05%, nb:0.02%, mo:0.7%, sr:0.15%, V:0.05%, P:0.05%, S:0.04% and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The preparation process of the high-toughness steel forging for the ball mill provided by the comparative example is the same as that of example 1.
Comparative example 2:
the invention provides high-toughness steel forging for a ball mill, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.6%, si:0.75%, mn:1.1%, al:0.15%, cr:8.9%, re:0.03%, W:0.3%, zr:0.05%, nb:0.045%, mo:0.5%, sr:0.1%, V:0.1%, P: less than or equal to 0.03%, S: less than or equal to 0.02 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The high-toughness steel forging preparation process for the ball mill comprises the following steps:
s1, adding scrap steel, high-carbon ferrochrome, vanadium-aluminum alloy, tungsten-rhenium alloy, zirconium alloy and preparation raw materials into an induction furnace to be smelted according to the weight ratio of the chemical components in the wear-resistant ball, wherein the smelting temperature is 1470 ℃, after the raw materials are completely dissolved at high temperature, stirring the molten materials, standing for a period of time in a heat preservation state to obtain alloy liquid with qualified quality, and then casting and molding the alloy liquid to obtain a forged steel casting;
s2, air-cooling the casting to room temperature, then heating the cooled forged steel casting in sections, heating the casting to 465 ℃ at a heating rate of 6 ℃/min, preserving heat for 15min, heating to 800 ℃ at a heating rate of 7 ℃/min, preserving heat for 25min, heating to 960 ℃ at a heating rate of 3.5-5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2 hours, then carrying out a quenching process in a water quenching mode, cooling to 500 ℃, preserving heat for 1.5 hours, and cooling to room temperature in the air to obtain a forged steel blank;
s3, selecting a cleaning agent to remove impurities and oil stains on the surface of the substrate, wherein the cleaning agent comprises one or more of industrial dichloroethane, industrial carbon tetrachloride, industrial trichloroethylene, industrial alcohol (the concentration is not lower than 95.6%), concentrated nitric acid (the concentration is not lower than 98%) and alkaline degreasing solution, and drying after cleaning;
s4, tempering the forged steel blank obtained through the quenching process at a low temperature, heating the forged steel blank to 240 ℃, preserving heat for 20min, heating to 300 ℃, preserving heat for 55min, heating to 350 ℃, preserving heat for 60min, heating to 435 ℃, preserving heat for 70min, heating to 600 ℃, preserving heat for 130min, air-cooling to room temperature, heating to 170 ℃, preserving heat for 1.5h, and obtaining a forged steel matrix;
and S5, grinding and polishing the forged steel matrix subjected to the step S4, ultrasonically cleaning and drying to obtain the high-toughness steel forging for the ball mill.
TABLE 1 comparison of steel forging wear amount per half hour
As can be seen from Table 1, the abrasion loss of the examples 1-3 is small and stable under the condition of meeting the requirements of material proportion and process flow, the abrasion loss is lower than that of the comparative examples 1 and 2, a plurality of alloys are added in high-toughness steel forging to improve the performance of forged steel and increase the strength, toughness and abrasion resistance of the forged steel, the sectional tempering mode is favorable for further stress relief of the abrasion-resistant ball to prevent cracking and deformation, and in the abrasion process of the abrasive, large-size hard particles can resist the micro-cutting effect of the abrasive particles and prevent the abrasive particles from being embedded into a matrix; the small-sized particles and the fine bemalice phase can enhance the yield strength of the matrix, improve the deformation resistance of the matrix, provide better support effect for the hard particles and prevent the large-sized hard particles from falling off when continuously subjected to the action of external force. The samples are heated to 940 ℃ and then are respectively subjected to double-medium quenching, the obtained structure is a fine martensite structure, under the working condition of impact wear, the wear amount of the comparative example 2 is larger than that of the example 1, because a large amount of martensite hard and brittle phase structures are not beneficial to resisting wear, so that the impact wear performance is reduced, and isothermal treatment is carried out in a lower bainite phase transition temperature region, so that a bainite-martensite multiphase structure with better comprehensive mechanical properties can be obtained, and better wear resistance is obtained.
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations of features and/or steps that are mutually exclusive.
Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract) may be replaced by alternative features serving equivalent or similar purposes, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature is only an example of a generic series of equivalent or similar features.
Claims (8)
1. The high-toughness steel forging for the ball mill is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 1.45 to 1.75%, si:0.75 to 0.8%, mn:1.0 to 1.12%, al:0.1 to 0.25%, cr:8.5 to 10%, re:0.03 to 0.1%, W:0.3 to 0.8%, zr:0.05 to 0.15%, nb:0.02 to 0.045%, mo:0.4 to 0.7%, sr:0.05 to 0.15%, V:0.05 to 0.15%, P: less than or equal to 0.03%, S: less than or equal to 0.02 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
2. The process for manufacturing a high toughness steel forging for a ball mill as claimed in claim 1, comprising the steps of:
s1, adding scrap steel, high-carbon ferrochrome, vanadium-aluminum alloy, tungsten-rhenium alloy, zirconium alloy and preparation raw materials into an induction furnace according to the weight ratio of the chemical components in the wear-resistant ball for smelting, stirring the molten material after the raw materials are completely dissolved at high temperature, standing for a period of time in a heat preservation state to obtain alloy liquid with qualified quality, and then casting and molding the alloy liquid to obtain a forged steel casting;
s2, air-cooling the casting to room temperature, then heating and preserving heat of the cooled forged steel casting in sections, and then carrying out a quenching process;
s3, selecting a cleaning agent to remove impurities and oil stains on the surface of the substrate, wherein the cleaning agent comprises one or more of industrial dichloroethane, industrial carbon tetrachloride, industrial trichloroethylene, industrial alcohol (the concentration is not lower than 95.6%), concentrated nitric acid (the concentration is not lower than 98%) and alkaline degreasing solution, and drying after cleaning;
s4, carrying out sectional heating on the obtained forged steel blank, and then carrying out low-temperature tempering to obtain a forged steel matrix;
and S5, grinding and polishing the forged steel matrix subjected to the step S4, ultrasonically cleaning and drying to obtain the high-toughness steel forging for the ball mill.
3. The high-toughness steel forging for a ball mill as set forth in claim 1, wherein the mass fraction of rhenium element in the tungsten-rhenium alloy used in the high-toughness steel forging for a ball mill is less than 10% of the total mass fraction of the tungsten-rhenium alloy.
4. The forging process of high toughness steel for ball mill according to claim 2, wherein one or both of Zr-1Nb and Zr-2.5Nb can be used as said zirconium alloy in S1.
5. The forging process of high-toughness steel for ball mills as claimed in claim 2, wherein the melting temperature in S1 is 1500-1560 ℃.
6. The process for manufacturing high toughness steel forging for ball mill as claimed in claim 2, wherein said casting temperature in S1 is 1420 to 1450 ℃.
7. The forging process of high-toughness steel for ball mills as claimed in claim 2, wherein the specific process of the step-by-step heating in S2 is as follows: heating the casting to 430-455 ℃ at a heating rate of 6.5-7.5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 20-35 min, heating to 770-790 ℃ at a heating rate of 5.5-6.5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 25-35 min, heating to 940-960 ℃ at a heating rate of 3.5-4.5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 13-18 min, then performing oil quenching to 730-750 ℃, performing water quenching to room temperature, preserving heat for 30-40 min, heating to 260-270 ℃ at a heating rate of 4-5.5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 25-30 min, heating to 355-365 ℃ at a heating rate of 2-3.5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 20-30 min, and then air cooling to room temperature.
8. The forging process of high-toughness steel for a ball mill as claimed in claim 2, wherein the specific process of low-temperature tempering in S4 is as follows: heating the forged steel blank to 225-240 ℃, preserving heat for 25-30 min, heating to 280-290 ℃, preserving heat for 45-55 min, heating to 320-325 ℃, preserving heat for 50-60 min, heating to 410-415 ℃, preserving heat for 70-75 min, heating to 570 ℃, preserving heat for 120-130 min, air cooling to room temperature, heating to 240-250 ℃, and preserving heat for 1.5-2 h to obtain the forged steel matrix.
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