CN1278563A - Solid self-lubricating wear-resisting alloy cast material - Google Patents

Solid self-lubricating wear-resisting alloy cast material Download PDF

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CN1278563A
CN1278563A CN 00109878 CN00109878A CN1278563A CN 1278563 A CN1278563 A CN 1278563A CN 00109878 CN00109878 CN 00109878 CN 00109878 A CN00109878 A CN 00109878A CN 1278563 A CN1278563 A CN 1278563A
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steel
self
present
alloy
wear
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CN1103830C (en
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高福池
李喜林
杨涛
高波
张晓梅
李军
左胜
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高福池
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Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of alloy casting material, suitable for manufacturing parts which can be worked under the condition of self-lubrication high wear-proof operation mode and possesses high requirements. The composition of said alloy casting material comprises (wt%) c 0.35-3.2%, Si 0.8-1.2%, Mn 0.5-1.2%, S 1.5-3.0%, Cr 0.5-3.0%, Mo 0.2-0.8%, W 0.2-0.6%, Re 0.1-0.2%, Ni is less than or equal to 0.8%, Cu is less then or equal to 0.6%, Ti is less then or equal to 0.2% and the rest is Fe. As compared existent technology said alloy casting possesses high self-lubricating property and high wear-resistance, and its production process is simple, and its parts made of said invented material are long in service life, etc..

Description

Solid self-lubricating wear-resisting alloy cast material
The invention belongs to alloy-steel casting material field.Be specially adapted to adhesive wear or cunning (rolling) and move the parts that the working condition of fatigue wear is worked down.
At home and abroad in the prior art, research and development aspect for self-lubricating abrasion-proof material or process for self-lubricating wear-resistant composite metarial and its prodct mainly contains following several, 1. graphitized steel, these graphite are not to be to form when smelting after coagulation, but obtained during in high-temperature carbonization annealing at foundry goods.2. phosphorous and other cast alloy irons.3. with the non-ferrous metal alloy of base.4. adopt the prepared rub resistance material of powder metallurgy process.This method is to have certain particle size and effigurate metal-powder to suppress or thermal sintering after mixing with the pressed powder additive that improves attriting performance one or more again.5. adopt surface modification treatment that surface hardness is improved.As methods such as carburizing, nitriding, cyaniding, low temperature sulfurizings.Though aforesaid method and material can obtain certain crocking resistance by the method for heat-treating again behind smelting or the sintering, their mechanical property is lower, and use range is narrow, and the material cost costliness that has is difficult to be extensive use of.Not only energy consumption is big, the production cycle is long for process of surface treatment, and complex manufacturing, also wants corresponding suite of equipment, and is difficult to control the consistence of quality product.
The objective of the invention is: proposed a kind ofly to be different from that common process handled, whole alloy-steel casting material with high self-lubricating abrasion-resistant, make its integral body possess preferably mechanical property and extra high self-lubricating property under the corresponding working condition and, the alloy-steel casting material is improved work-ing life having with this effect that alleviates wearing and tearing and friction.According to this alloy-steel casting material ultimate principle of above purpose be: reach the wear resisting property that improves material with the S content that improves in the steel, on the basis that adds other alloying element, add proper amount of rare-earth simultaneously to change or to improve the mechanical property and the mechanical property of this material.The wear-resisting alloy cast that this invention is proposed according to foregoing is characterized in that the concrete Chemical Composition content (weight %) of this foundry goods is C0.35-3.2%, Si0.8-1.2%, Mn0.5-1.2%, S1.5-3.0%, Cr0.5-3.0%, Mo0.2-0.8%, W0.2-0.6%, Re (add-on) 0.1-0.2%, Ni≤0.8%, Cu≤0.6%, Ti≤0.2%, all the other are Fe for P≤0.04.According to the foregoing invention content, the major technique feature of alloy-steel casting of the present invention is: the S content that makes material than the limit of stipulating in the prior art ferrous materials standard also up to several 10 even hundreds of times; Can adjust the content of C and other adding alloying elements according to the performance requriements of component simultaneously, to guarantee the product performance requirement; This material increases substantially with integral body that self-lubricating property lowers because friction, abrasive action to the loss of material, improve the material final purpose in work-ing life thereby reach.It is following that concrete effect in this invention is described in detail according to each element.
Cr is the element that improves hardening capacity, contains a certain amount of Cr in the steel and can make steel have certain anti-oxidant and corrosion resisting property, when Cr content reaches 3%, removes Cr 3Cr also appears outward in C 7C 3The type carbide can improve the wear resistance of material.Cr/C looks its material performance requirement and gets different values than the principal element that is decision hardening capacity: concerning self-lubricating abrasion-proof material, Cr/C is than being advisable at 1.4-2.9.The add-on of Cr is decided to be 0.5%-3% among the present invention.
The Mo element also can improve hardening capacity, thereby improves the bulk strength and the extensibility of material, and wear resistance is also increased, and particularly has elements compounding such as Mn, Cr to add fashionable.Can generate moly-sulfide on crystalline substance is situated between by " traditional theory " S, it is hot-short that steel is produced, and increased forging, the difficulty when rolling hot-work.But MoS 2Be again a kind of fabulous solid lubricant, in superelevation S content of the present invention, form enough MoS 2In the uniform distribution hand steel.Casting of the present invention need not heat treatment step, has therefore avoided hot-short possibility.Mo is a kind of noble element, and the present invention is controlled at 0.2-0.8% to Mo content.
The effect of W element in foundry goods is similar to Mo, but as then remarkable not as Mo by weight, it mainly improves temper resistance, red hardness, the heat resistance of steel and forms special carbide WC, improves its wear resistance.The same WS that it forms with Mo 2It also is a kind of good solid lubricant.W lowers the overheated position-sensing unit of steel in addition, keeps certain toughness for making material of the present invention, and we are controlled at 0.2-0.6% to W.
The Ti element is one of extremely active metallic element, and it and S, C have extremely strong avidity, the TiS of formation 2It is a kind of good solid lubricant.TiC is extremely stable, is difficult for decomposing, and has high hardness, and TiC only is heated in steel more than 1000 ℃ could dissolve in sosoloid lentamente.Before not dissolving in, the TiC particulate just has the thick effect of the crystal grain of prevention, though Ti improves the intensity of steel on certain degree, is not a useful element to the toughness of steel, particularly low-temperature impact toughness.Because dissolve in the embrittling effect of the Ti in the ferrite, can offset the advantageous effect that is risen because of grain refining impact toughness.So the present invention looks its workpiece to performance demands, can not add the Ti element or be controlled at≤0.2%.
The hardening capacity of Ni element raising steel and fatigue resistance, minimizing notch sensitivity, reduce the embrittlement transition temperature of steel, contain small amount of N i in the steel, yield ratio can improve, when intensity was identical, carbon content can reduce, thereby toughness increases, but Ni combines with S, generates NiS reticulattion and take place hot-short on crystalline substance is situated between.The present invention is controlled at Ni≤and 0.8%.
Cu some effect in steel, similar to Ni when content is low, the Cu of trace is very effective to improving yield-point, and Cu also can improve the flowability of molten steel, but too high amount can cause foundry goods to pollute.Look its workpiece performance requriements in the present invention and generally do not add or add less, be controlled at as if adding also≤0.6%.
The Re element is a kind of effective alterant, and it can crystal grain thinning, purify brilliant form and the distribution that is situated between, changes steel inclusion, all benefits to improving toughness, bending strength, hardness, and it is a kind of element that improves over-all properties.When add-on is very few, DeGrain, but then can cause non-metallic inclusion to pollute again too much the time, the present invention is controlled at 0.1-0.2% to the add-on of Re element.
Si is a common elements in the steel, adds as alloying element generally should not be lower than 0.8%, and its solid solution improves its intensity and hardness in ferrite and austenite.But, toughness will be reduced significantly if surpass 1.2%.It also is a kind of reductor.In the present invention Si is controlled in the 0.8-1.2% scope.
Mn also is a common elements in the steel, and its raising hardening capacity effect is very strong, in ordinary low-alloy steel, utilizes its reinforced ferrite and refine pearlite, thereby improves the intensity of steel.It is good reductor, again very easily in generating MnS 2Also be that a kind of consubstantiality lubricant material of the present invention is controlled at Mn content in the 0.5-1.2 scope.
The P element increases fragility, the especially low temperature brittleness of steel, is again the element that causes serious deflection, requires more to hang down better so be still in the present invention.We are controlled at≤and 0.04%.
S is the key element in the alloy-steel casting material of the present invention." traditional concept " always all looks sulphur is harmful element in the ferrous materials, should be reduced in the content in the ferrous materials as far as possible, but can not think in absolute terms, as: contain S steel when the 0.15-0.3% in the steel and just become and easily cut.In addition, low temperature oozes the S technology makes material surface form FeS exactly, and material just becomes and has self-lubricating, and wear resisting property has also improved.
Except that FeS, MoS 2, WS 2, TiS 2, MnS 2Deng being good solid lubricant all, and the avidity of some element is far longer than avidity with Fe in S and the steel.The tendency that these elements and S form sulfide increases progressively according to following order: Si, Co, Ni, Fe, W, Mo, Al, Cr, V, Nb, Mn, Ti, Zr.Can make preferentially stably to form these sulfide in the molten steel and do not make and enter the slag phase when smelting, this just can make them be present in the alloy-steel casting intactly, equably, forms many good phases with self-lubricating function.Again according to the different C elements that require to add different amounts of workpiece, make the alloying element with other adding form carbide, the intensity of alloy-steel casting mainly is that the content by carbon decides, C content is decided to be 0.35-3.2% in the present invention.
C can form WC, Cr in alloy-steel casting 3C (Cr 7C 3), the many high-melting-point carbide hard of TiC and MoC etc. is mutually.
The present invention has the good and wear resisting property height of self-lubricating property, the long service life of workpiece, production unit need not the special type of furnace, and smelting technology is simple, alloy-steel casting be need not to heat-treat again, only need to carry out precision work and get final product with sintex.This invention is used under similarity condition for the self-lubricating high-wear-proof integral material, and its effect obviously is better than the prior art material.And it is economic, practical.
Embodiment:
The concrete Chemical Composition of alloy-steel casting according to the present invention, we have smelted 6 heats in medium-frequency induction furnace.Its tapping temperature is 1450 ℃-1480 ℃, after calm 3 minutes, pours into the sample of stretching, impact, hardness, linear expansivity, wearing test respectively.
The embodiment of invention:
According to the concrete chemical ingredients of this material, in the 500kg medium-frequency induction furnace, smelted six heats, the chemical ingredients of contrast material all sees Table 1.Wherein 1 #-6 #It is each heat chemical ingredients of material of the present invention.7 #-12 #Be the chemical ingredients of the material of the prior art relevant with the embodiment of the invention, wherein 7 #Be graphitized steel, 8 #Be 38CrM 6Al, 9 #Be Babbitt metal, 10 #Be copper base alloy, 11 #Be Fe base antifriction material, 12 #Be Cu base antifriction material.
Material of the present invention reaches and chemical ingredients (weight %) table 1 that has the correlation technique material now
Sequence number Material ???C ?Si ????Mn ????S ?????Cr ?????Mo ????W ????Ni ????Ti ?Cu ?Al ?P ?S ?Re ????Fe
????1 Material of the present invention ?0.39 ?1.0 ????0.8 ???1.7 ????0.5 ????0.3 ???0.4 ?????- ????- ??- ?0.05 Surplus
????2 ?0.65 ?0.8 ????1.1 ???2.0 ????1.5 ????0.4 ???0.4 ????0.2 ????0.1 ???- ?0.03 Surplus
????3 ?0.85 ?1.0 ????0.9 ???2.3 ????2.0 ????0.5 ???0.3 ?????- ????0.1 ??0.2 ?0.02 Surplus
????4 ?1.15 ?1.2 ????1.2 ???2.5 ????2.5 ????0.7 ???0.6 ?????- ?????- ??0.3 ?0.04 Surplus
????5 ?1.65 ?1.0 ????0.9 ???2.6 ????2.6 ????0.8 ???0.5 ????0.2 ?????- ????- ?0.04 Surplus
????6 ?2.8 ?1.7 ????1.0 ???2.8 ????2.8 ????0.8 ???0.6 ?????- ?????- ???0.6 ??0.05 Surplus
????7 Graphitized steel ?1.35 ?0.8 ????0.45 ???0.03 ??0.02
????8 ??38CrMoAl ?0.40 ?0.35 ????0.55 ????1.50 ????0.20 ????- ????0.2 ?????- ????- ??0.95 ???0.03 ??0.03
????9 Babbitt metal (Sn yl) ?Sn ?85 ?Sb ?11 ????Cu ????4 ????Zn ????Pb ????Ni
????10 Copper base alloy ??4 ????91 ?????3 ????2 Little
????11 Antifriction material Fe base ?Fe ?96 ??????????C ??????????2 Add MoS2 2.0
????12 Antifriction material Cu base ?Cu ?88 ??????????C ??????????5.5 ????Pb????Cr????Fe ????3.5???1.0???1.0 Add MoS2 2.5
Material of the present invention and existing correlation technique material property contrast table 2
Sequence number Material σ b(Mpa) δ 5(％) ??ak(J/cm 2 ???HB Linear expansivity (* 10 -6mm/mm·℃) Frictional coefficient (f) Specific wear amount (* 10 -6mm 3/N.mm 2) Oxidation resistance temperature (℃) Remarks
????1 Material of the present invention ????380 ????6 ????7.5 ???280 ????10.2 ????0.08 ????7.26 ????600-800 The specific wear amount is at load 160N, and rotating speed 180,000 changes data down
????2 ????420 ????5 ????6.0 ???320 ????10.4 ????0.11 ????5.4 ????600-800
????3 ????540 ????4 ????5.5 ???347 ????12.59 ????0.09 ????3 ????600-800
????4 ????420 ????3 ????4.3 ???360 ????12.82 ????0.08 ????2.6 ????600-800
????5 ????570 ????3 ????3.4 ???355 ????12.34 ????0.10 ????2.2 ????600-800
????6 ????620 ????3 ????3.0 ???380 ????12.64 ????0.11 ????1.5 ????600-800
????7 Graphitized steel ????405 ????- ????- ???185 ????- ????- ????- ????- 760 ℃ of quenchings, as-annealed condition
????8 ?38CrMoAl ????880 ????- ????70 ?450 ????- ????- ????- ????- 940 ℃ of quenchings after the remelting, with 640 ℃ of states of fire, the dark N in surface
?9 Babbitt metal (Sn yl) ????11 ????6 ????- ????35 ????- ????- ????- ????- General melting
????10 Copper base alloy ????25 ????20 ????- ????85 ????- ????- ????- ????- General melting
????11 Antifriction material Fe base Routed pressure degree (Mpa) 185 ????- ????- ????78 ????- ????- ????- ????- Powder metallurgy sintered method
????12 Antifriction material Cu base Routed pressure degree (Mpa) 160 ????- ????- ????35 ????- ????- ????- ????- Powder metallurgy sintered method
The available common melting method production that above material has, but to just can reach certain performance (as 1) by thermal treatment; The method refining that also must use remelting that has, surface carburization (as 2) then; Just can reach use properties, the starting material that have itself are expensive, though have certain self lubricity, cost too high (as 3,4); The material that has is with powder metallurgy process compacting, sinter molding, though because the limitation of method itself has certain self lubricity, because porousness is difficult to avoid, make bad mechanical property (as 5,6).
Obvious material of the present invention and existing correlation technique material compared have the favorable mechanical performance, and production technique is simple, economic, practical.

Claims (1)

1. a solid self-lubricating wear-resisting alloy cast material is characterized in that the concrete Chemical Composition of this material is (weight %) C0.35-3.2%, Si0.8-1.2%, Mn0.5-1.2%, S1.5-3.0%, Cr0.5-3.0%, Mo0.2-0.8%, W0.2-0.6%, Re (add-on) 0.1-0.2%, Ni≤0.8%, Cu≤0.6%, Ti≤0.2%, all the other are Fe.
CN00109878A 2000-07-10 2000-07-10 Solid self-lubricating wear-resisting alloy cast material Expired - Fee Related CN1103830C (en)

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Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN100389223C (en) * 2006-01-24 2008-05-21 泰安市仁和科技服务咨询有限公司 Self-lubricating alloy material and method for preparing the same
CN102029386A (en) * 2010-12-06 2011-04-27 中南大学 High-hardness powder metallurgy low-alloy steel
CN102061422A (en) * 2010-11-17 2011-05-18 昆明理工大学 Method for preparing self-lubricating ferrous molybdenum sulfide/ferrous sulfide multiphase wear resistant material
CN102443893A (en) * 2011-09-22 2012-05-09 吴江秦邦纺织有限公司 Technology for preparing ring traveler with self-lubricating function
CN102912241A (en) * 2012-10-23 2013-02-06 嘉兴市杰成机械有限公司 Wear resistant and wearable die material
CN103469108A (en) * 2013-09-05 2013-12-25 无锡双友石化机械有限公司 Diameter-enlarging cone and manufacturing process thereof
CN103614648A (en) * 2013-10-24 2014-03-05 铜陵市经纬流体科技有限公司 Wear-resistant alloy cast steel material used for pump valves resistant to severe environments and preparation method of the material
CN104805381A (en) * 2015-05-14 2015-07-29 贾现书 Medium-chromium multi-element self-lubricating alloy steel and preparation method thereof
CN105177462A (en) * 2015-07-13 2015-12-23 南通长江电器实业有限公司 Self-lubricating rare-earth-iron-based alloy material
CN105755363A (en) * 2016-04-06 2016-07-13 广东省材料与加工研究所 Tungsten-titanium-chromium cast iron and preparation method thereof
CN107523763A (en) * 2017-07-12 2017-12-29 苏州翠南电子科技有限公司 A kind of osmotic-pressure-tolerant frictional metal material
WO2018041170A1 (en) * 2016-08-31 2018-03-08 西安理工大学 Self-lubricating rolling bearing and preparation method therefor
CN108070766A (en) * 2016-11-15 2018-05-25 宜兴市乐华冶金辅助材料有限公司 A kind of wear-resisting alloy cast material
CN108070769A (en) * 2016-11-15 2018-05-25 宜兴市乐华冶金辅助材料有限公司 A kind of improved wear-resisting alloy cast material
CN112538590A (en) * 2019-09-21 2021-03-23 刘波 High-wear-resistance excavator bucket tooth and casting method thereof
CN113802047A (en) * 2021-08-06 2021-12-17 西安理工大学 Anti-sticking knife self-lubricating saw blade material for aluminum material cutting and preparation method of saw blade
CN115852269A (en) * 2022-12-22 2023-03-28 美利林科技(攀枝花)有限公司 High-hardness wear-resistant ball for ball mill and preparation process thereof
CN115927967A (en) * 2022-12-22 2023-04-07 美利林科技(攀枝花)有限公司 High-toughness steel forging for ball mill and preparation process thereof

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CN1062029C (en) * 1998-12-11 2001-02-14 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 Sulfur-bearing iron-based high temp self-lubricating wear-resisting alloy and its preparing method

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CN100389223C (en) * 2006-01-24 2008-05-21 泰安市仁和科技服务咨询有限公司 Self-lubricating alloy material and method for preparing the same
CN102061422A (en) * 2010-11-17 2011-05-18 昆明理工大学 Method for preparing self-lubricating ferrous molybdenum sulfide/ferrous sulfide multiphase wear resistant material
CN102061422B (en) * 2010-11-17 2012-10-31 昆明理工大学 Method for preparing self-lubricating ferrous molybdenum sulfide/ferrous sulfide multiphase wear resistant material
CN102029386A (en) * 2010-12-06 2011-04-27 中南大学 High-hardness powder metallurgy low-alloy steel
CN102029386B (en) * 2010-12-06 2012-12-12 中南大学 High-hardness powder metallurgy low-alloy steel
CN102443893A (en) * 2011-09-22 2012-05-09 吴江秦邦纺织有限公司 Technology for preparing ring traveler with self-lubricating function
CN102912241B (en) * 2012-10-23 2016-01-27 嘉兴市杰成机械有限公司 A kind of moulding stock of heat-resistant antifriction
CN102912241A (en) * 2012-10-23 2013-02-06 嘉兴市杰成机械有限公司 Wear resistant and wearable die material
CN103469108A (en) * 2013-09-05 2013-12-25 无锡双友石化机械有限公司 Diameter-enlarging cone and manufacturing process thereof
CN103469108B (en) * 2013-09-05 2015-10-21 无锡双友石化机械有限公司 Expanding cone and manufacture craft thereof
CN103614648A (en) * 2013-10-24 2014-03-05 铜陵市经纬流体科技有限公司 Wear-resistant alloy cast steel material used for pump valves resistant to severe environments and preparation method of the material
CN104805381A (en) * 2015-05-14 2015-07-29 贾现书 Medium-chromium multi-element self-lubricating alloy steel and preparation method thereof
CN105177462A (en) * 2015-07-13 2015-12-23 南通长江电器实业有限公司 Self-lubricating rare-earth-iron-based alloy material
CN105755363A (en) * 2016-04-06 2016-07-13 广东省材料与加工研究所 Tungsten-titanium-chromium cast iron and preparation method thereof
WO2018041170A1 (en) * 2016-08-31 2018-03-08 西安理工大学 Self-lubricating rolling bearing and preparation method therefor
US11085097B2 (en) 2016-08-31 2021-08-10 Xi'an University Of Technology Self-lubricating rolling bearing and preparation method therefor
CN108070766A (en) * 2016-11-15 2018-05-25 宜兴市乐华冶金辅助材料有限公司 A kind of wear-resisting alloy cast material
CN108070769A (en) * 2016-11-15 2018-05-25 宜兴市乐华冶金辅助材料有限公司 A kind of improved wear-resisting alloy cast material
CN107523763A (en) * 2017-07-12 2017-12-29 苏州翠南电子科技有限公司 A kind of osmotic-pressure-tolerant frictional metal material
CN112538590A (en) * 2019-09-21 2021-03-23 刘波 High-wear-resistance excavator bucket tooth and casting method thereof
CN113802047A (en) * 2021-08-06 2021-12-17 西安理工大学 Anti-sticking knife self-lubricating saw blade material for aluminum material cutting and preparation method of saw blade
CN115852269A (en) * 2022-12-22 2023-03-28 美利林科技(攀枝花)有限公司 High-hardness wear-resistant ball for ball mill and preparation process thereof
CN115927967A (en) * 2022-12-22 2023-04-07 美利林科技(攀枝花)有限公司 High-toughness steel forging for ball mill and preparation process thereof
CN115852269B (en) * 2022-12-22 2024-04-09 美利林科技(攀枝花)有限公司 High-hardness wear-resistant ball for ball mill and preparation process thereof

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