CN115894000B - Mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating, method, application and coating preparation method - Google Patents
Mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating, method, application and coating preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115894000B CN115894000B CN202211234643.3A CN202211234643A CN115894000B CN 115894000 B CN115894000 B CN 115894000B CN 202211234643 A CN202211234643 A CN 202211234643A CN 115894000 B CN115894000 B CN 115894000B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating, a preparation method and application thereof, and a preparation method of a concrete substrate coating, wherein the coating comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 77-97 parts of mullite, 3 parts of titanium dioxide, 0-20 parts of glass powder, 0.8 part of ammonium citrate and 2 parts of gum arabic; the preparation method comprises the following steps: dispersing raw materials into deionized water for ball milling; (2) And (3) carrying out spray granulation on the slurry after ball milling to obtain the mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating. Spraying the mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating according to any one of claims 1-3 onto a concrete substrate by adopting a plasma spraying technology to obtain the mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating. The preparation method of the concrete base material coating comprises the steps of firstly carrying out sand blasting pretreatment on the concrete base material, and then adopting a plasma spraying technology to spray so as to prepare the concrete base material coating with excellent hydrophobic and wear-resistant performances.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ceramic-based coatings, and particularly relates to a mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic-based composite coating, a preparation method and application thereof, and a preparation method of a concrete substrate coating.
Background
The concrete is a composite material composed of solid, liquid and gas three-phase substances, and belongs to a porous material in microstructure, so that the concrete has poor permeation resistance and erosion resistance, is easy to damage under the action of various natural factors such as chemical erosion, frost heaving, erosion and friction, reduces the durability, and leads the dam engineering to be incapable of achieving the design service life and even damage. At present, the economic loss caused by the damage of the concrete structure is huge worldwide, and in order to prevent the service life of the project from being reduced due to the damage of the concrete structure, the potential safety hazard and the economic loss are reduced, and the surface protection treatment of the concrete is proved to be an effective method for preventing the concrete from being corroded and damaged on the basis of improving the structural strength of the concrete. Particularly in severe environments such as alpine plateau areas, oceans, beach seas and the like, the environment where hydraulic concrete is located is complex, the degradation process can be accelerated, how to better protect the hydraulic concrete is a problem to be solved urgently, and the protective coating can repair the defects of a concrete structure and form a hydrophobic impervious system on the surface and becomes a focus of research in recent years.
The existing dam protection measures generally have the problems of low durability, poor protection effect and the like, so that the concrete is protected by adopting a protection coating. The concrete protective coating covers various materials such as organic material coating, inorganic material coating, composite material coating and the like. Inorganic paint including water glass, phosphate, cement, etc. and organic paint including epoxy resin, polyurethane, acrylate, etc. Mullite ceramics have the characteristics of high melting point, small linear expansion coefficient, low thermal conductivity, good thermal shock resistance and the like, and the traditional ceramic composite material is generally used for metal surface coating, but not used for concrete.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the existing technical problems, the invention provides the mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating and the preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method is simple, and the mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating has excellent hydrophobic and wear-resistant performances after being used as a coating on a concrete substrate.
The second object of the present invention is: a method for preparing a coating of a concrete substrate using a mullite-titania ceramic matrix composite coating is provided, wherein mullite is used as a ceramic substrate, sintered to form a ceramic coating, and titania (TiO 2 ) The ceramic material heat conducting medium plays a role of absorbing heat to generate phase change, the heat is uniformly transferred to surrounding ceramic powder, and the ceramic powder can play a role of a bonding layer by self melting, so that the coating is more uniform, the density of the coating is improved, and the hydrophobic and wear-resistant performances are excellent; more preferably, the glass powder can be fully diffused to adapt to the roughness of the ceramic sheet layer and fill the pores among the ceramic particles, so that the defects of pores, microcracks and the like in the coating layer are reduced, the friction coefficient of the coating doped with the glass powder is reduced, the hardness of the coating is obviously improved, the concrete base material has excellent hydrophobic and wear-resistant properties, and the durability and the protection effect of a dam are improved.
The invention aims to achieve the aim, and the aim is achieved by the following technical scheme:
a mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating comprises the following raw materials: mullite, titanium dioxide, ammonium citrate and gum arabic.
Further, the raw materials also comprise glass powder.
The mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 77-97 parts of mullite, 3 parts of titanium dioxide, 0-20 parts of glass powder, 0.8 part of ammonium citrate and 2 parts of gum arabic.
The preparation method of the mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating comprises the following steps:
step (1), dispersing the raw materials in a dispersing agent for ball milling; the dispersing agent is deionized water or ethanol;
and (2) carrying out spray granulation on the slurry after ball milling to obtain the mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating.
Further, in step (2), the slurry after ball milling is sieved and then spray granulated, and typically, but not limited to, the number of the sieves selected can be 100 mesh.
The mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating is applied to a concrete substrate as a coating.
A preparation method of a concrete substrate coating comprises the following steps,
and spraying the mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating on a concrete substrate by adopting a plasma spraying technology to obtain the mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating. Typically, but not by way of limitation, the parameters of the plasma spray technique are: the power is 32kw, the moving speed of the spray gun is 800mm/s, the spray distance is 150mm, the powder feeding rate is 15%, the front cooling gas is 3bar, the rear cooling gas is 0bar, and the coating thickness is 185um.
Further, prior to spraying by plasma spraying, the concrete substrate is subjected to a blast pretreatment, typically but not limited to, single sided blast, a blast pressure of 0.3MPa, a blast size of 36 mesh.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating disclosed by the invention is simple in preparation method, and excellent in hydrophobic and wear-resistant properties after being used as a coating on a concrete substrate.
2. Mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating is used as a coating on a concrete substrate, wherein mullite is used as a ceramic substrate, the ceramic coating is formed by sintering, and titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) The ceramic material heat conducting medium has the functions of absorbing heat to generate phase change, transmitting heat to surrounding ceramic powder uniformly, and the ceramic powder can be melted to play a role of a bonding layer, so that the coating is more uniform, the density of the coating is improved, and the hydrophobic wear-resisting performance is excellent.
3. According to the invention, as the glass powder can be fully diffused to adapt to the roughness of the ceramic sheet layer and fill the pores among ceramic particles, the defects of pores, microcracks and the like in the coating layer are reduced, the friction coefficient of the coating doped with the glass powder is reduced, and the hardness of the coating is obviously improved.
4. The mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic-based composite coating can also fill the gaps of a concrete substrate, improve the compactness of the concrete substrate, and ensure that the concrete substrate coated with the mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic-based composite coating has excellent hydrophobic and wear-resistant performances under the combined action of the mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic-based composite coating and the concrete substrate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of the coefficient of friction of a sample;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the Vickers hardness of the coating.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific examples. Before the embodiments of the invention are explained in further detail, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its scope to the particular embodiments described below; it is also to be understood that the terminology used in the examples of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The test methods in the following examples, in which specific conditions are not noted, are generally conducted under conventional conditions or under conditions recommended by the respective manufacturers. In addition to the specific methods, devices, materials used in the embodiments, any methods, devices, and materials of the prior art similar or equivalent to those described in the embodiments of the present invention may be used to practice the present invention according to the knowledge of one skilled in the art and the description of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 97 parts of mullite, 3 parts of titanium dioxide, 0.8 part of ammonium citrate and 2 parts of gum arabic.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
step (1), dispersing raw materials in deionized water for ball milling; the specific raw materials and deionized water are as follows in parts by mass: 97 parts of mullite, 3 parts of titanium dioxide, 0.8 part of ammonium citrate, 2 parts of gum arabic and 100 parts of deionized water, and can be ball-milled by adopting a wet ball mill, a certain amount of ball milling balls, raw materials and deionized water are placed into a tank milling barrel of the wet ball mill, the ball milling speed is 30-80 r/min, and the ball milling is carried out for 72 hours.
And (2) filtering the ball-milled slurry by using a 100-mesh screen, and then performing spray granulation by using a spray granulator, wherein the rotor frequency is 20-25 GHz, the air inlet temperature is 230 ℃, the temperature of a granulating tower is 115-125 ℃, and the air outlet temperature is 90-100 ℃, so that mullite-titanium dioxide powder is obtained, and the mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating is obtained.
Example 2
The difference with the embodiment 1 is that the raw materials also comprise glass powder, and the raw materials and deionized water are as follows in parts by mass: 95 parts of mullite, 3 parts of titanium dioxide, 2 parts of glass powder, 0.8 part of ammonium citrate, 2 parts of gum arabic and 100 parts of deionized water
The remainder was identical to example 1.
Example 3
The difference with the embodiment 1 is that the raw materials also comprise glass powder, and the raw materials and deionized water are as follows in parts by mass: 92 parts of mullite, 3 parts of titanium dioxide, 5 parts of glass powder, 0.8 part of ammonium citrate, 2 parts of gum arabic and 100 parts of deionized water
The remainder was identical to example 1.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a concrete substrate coating, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step (1), dispersing raw materials in deionized water for ball milling; the specific raw materials and deionized water are as follows in parts by mass: 97 parts of mullite, 3 parts of titanium dioxide, 0.8 part of ammonium citrate, 2 parts of gum arabic and 100 parts of deionized water, and can be ball-milled by adopting a wet ball mill, a certain amount of ball milling balls, raw materials and deionized water are placed into a tank milling barrel of the wet ball mill, the ball milling speed is 30-80 r/min, and the ball milling is carried out for 72 hours.
And (2) filtering the ball-milled slurry by using a 100-mesh screen, and then performing spray granulation by using a spray granulator, wherein the rotor frequency is 20-25 GHz, so as to obtain mullite-titanium dioxide powder, namely the mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating.
And (3) carrying out sand blasting pretreatment on the concrete base material, wherein single-sided sand blasting is adopted, the sand blasting air pressure is 0.3MPa, and the sand blasting granularity is 36 meshes.
And (4) spraying the mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating prepared in the step (2) onto the pretreated concrete substrate by adopting a plasma spraying technology to obtain the mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating, wherein the parameters of the plasma spraying technology are as follows: the power is 32kw, the moving speed of the spray gun is 800mm/s, the spray distance is 150mm, the powder feeding rate is 15%, the front cooling gas is 3bar, the rear cooling gas is 0bar, and the coating thickness is 185um.
The sample was designated sample 1.
Example 5
The difference from example 4 is that the raw materials in step (1) further comprise glass powder, and the raw materials and deionized water are as follows in parts by mass: 95 parts of mullite, 3 parts of titanium dioxide, 2 parts of glass powder, 0.8 part of ammonium citrate, 2 parts of gum arabic and 100 parts of deionized water
The remainder was identical to example 4.
Example 6
The difference from example 4 is that the raw materials in step (1) further comprise glass powder, and the raw materials and deionized water are as follows in parts by mass: 92 parts of mullite, 3 parts of titanium dioxide, 5 parts of glass powder, 0.8 part of ammonium citrate, 2 parts of gum arabic and 100 parts of deionized water
The remainder was identical to example 4.
The sample was designated sample No. 3.
Example 7
The difference from example 5 is that the step (3) is not included, the mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating prepared in the step (2) is directly sprayed on a concrete substrate which is not pretreated by adopting a plasma spraying technology, and the rest of the mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating is the same as example 5.
Test analysis:
friction coefficient test: the concrete substrate (sample is recorded as substrate) and the coatings of examples 4 to 6 were subjected to a friction coefficient test, alcohol ultrasonic cleaning was performed before the test of the sample, drying was performed, polishing was not performed, the abrasion test as it is was a smooth surface, the friction contact mode was ball contact, the friction rotational speed was 632 rpm, the test load was 0.2N, the test time was 8min, and the friction coefficient was as shown in fig. 1.
As the content of the glass powder increases, the friction coefficient of the coating is firstly reduced and then increased, because the glass powder can be fully diffused to adapt to the roughness of the ceramic sheet layer, so that the surface is flat and the roughness is reduced; however, when the glass frit content is increased, the glass frit aggregates on the surface of the coating layer, which increases the friction coefficient.
Hardness testing: the concrete substrate (sample is recorded as substrate) and the coatings of examples 4 to 6 were subjected to hardness test by Wilson Vickers hardness tester, the Vickers hardness results of the coatings are shown in FIG. 2, and the experimental force was selected to be 0.5kgf.
The comparison shows that the coating of the ceramic coating enables the hardness of the concrete substrate to be improved obviously, and the hardness is further improved along with the increase of the content of the glass powder; by adding glass powder into the ceramic coating, the flow of molten powder on the surface of the substrate can be improved, the glass sheet layer can be fully relaxed and adapted to the surface roughness of the ceramic sheet layer, and the pores among ceramic particles are filled, so that the number of defects such as pores, microcracks and the like in the coating layer is reduced, and the strength of the coating layer is greatly improved; glass frit incorporation also maintains good stability over extended wear, which is beneficial for the long-term wear properties of the coating.
Claims (5)
1. A preparation method of a mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating; spraying the mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating on a concrete substrate by adopting a plasma spraying technology to obtain a mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating;
the mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 77-97 parts of mullite, 3 parts of titanium dioxide, 0-5 parts of glass powder, 0.8 part of ammonium citrate and 2 parts of gum arabic;
and the mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating is prepared according to the following steps:
step (1), dispersing the raw materials in a dispersing agent for ball milling;
and (2) carrying out spray granulation on the slurry after ball milling to obtain the mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating.
2. The method for preparing the mullite-titania ceramic-based composite coating of claim 1, wherein the dispersant is deionized water or ethanol.
3. The method for preparing the mullite-titania ceramic-based composite coating of claim 1, wherein the ball-milled slurry is sieved and then spray granulated in the step (2).
4. The method for preparing the mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating according to claim 1, wherein the concrete substrate is subjected to sand blasting pretreatment before being sprayed by adopting a plasma spraying technology.
5. The method for preparing the mullite-titania ceramic-based composite coating of claim 4, wherein the parameters of the plasma spraying technique are as follows: the power is 32kW, the moving speed of the spray gun is 800mm/s, the spray distance is 150mm, the powder feeding rate is 15%, the pre-cooling gas is 3bar, the post-cooling gas is 0bar, the coating thickness is 185um, and the sand blasting pretreatment of the concrete substrate is carried out: single-sided sand blasting is adopted, the sand blasting air pressure is 0.3MPa, and the sand blasting granularity is 36 meshes.
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