CN115894000A - Mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic-based composite coating, method and application thereof, and preparation method of coating - Google Patents
Mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic-based composite coating, method and application thereof, and preparation method of coating Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating, a preparation method and application thereof, and a preparation method of a concrete substrate coating, wherein the coating comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 77-97 parts of mullite, 3 parts of titanium dioxide, 0-20 parts of glass powder, 0.8 part of ammonium citrate and 2 parts of Arabic gum; the preparation method comprises the following steps: dispersing raw materials in deionized water for ball milling; (2) And carrying out spray granulation on the slurry subjected to ball milling to obtain the mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic-based composite coating. Spraying the mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic-based composite coating as defined in any one of claims 1 to 3 on a concrete substrate by adopting a plasma spraying technology to obtain the mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic-based composite coating. The preparation method of the concrete base material coating comprises the steps of carrying out sand blasting pretreatment on a concrete base material, and carrying out spraying by adopting a plasma spraying technology to prepare the concrete base material coating with excellent hydrophobic and wear-resisting properties.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ceramic-based coatings, and particularly relates to a mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic-based composite coating, a preparation method and application thereof, and a preparation method of a concrete substrate coating.
Background
The concrete is used as a main material of the dam, is a composite material consisting of solid, liquid and gas substances, belongs to a porous material from the microstructure, so the permeability resistance and the erosion resistance are poor, the concrete is easy to damage under the action of various natural factors such as chemical erosion, frozen expansion, erosion, friction and the like, the durability of the concrete is reduced, and the dam engineering cannot reach the designed service life or even damage. At present, the economic loss caused by the damage of a concrete structure is huge worldwide, and in order to prevent the service life of a project from being reduced due to the damage of the concrete structure and reduce potential safety hazards and economic loss, the surface protection treatment of the concrete is proved to be an effective method for preventing the concrete from being corroded and damaged on the basis of improving the structural strength of the concrete. Especially, in severe environments such as alpine plateau areas, oceans, beaches and the like, the hydraulic concrete is in a complex environment, the deterioration process can be accelerated, how to better protect the hydraulic concrete becomes a problem to be solved urgently, and the protective coating can repair the defects of a concrete structure and form a hydrophobic anti-permeability system on the surface, so that the protective coating becomes a key point of research in recent years.
The existing dam protection measures generally have the problems of low durability, poor protection effect and the like, so that a protection coating is mostly adopted to protect concrete. The concrete protective coating covers various materials such as organic material coatings, inorganic material coatings, composite material coatings and the like. Inorganic coatings including water glass series, phosphate series, cement-based series, and the like, and organic coatings including epoxy resin, polyurethane, acrylate coatings, and the like. Mullite ceramic has the characteristics of high melting point, small linear expansion coefficient, low thermal conductivity, good thermal shock resistance and the like, and the conventional ceramic composite material is usually used for a metal surface coating but not used for concrete.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating and a preparation method thereof, the preparation method is simple, and the hydrophobic wear-resisting property of the mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating is excellent after the mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating is used as a coating on a concrete substrate.
The second object of the present invention is: provides a preparation method for using mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating as concrete base material coating, wherein mullite is used as ceramic base, and is sintered to form ceramic coating, and titanium dioxide (TiO) 2 ) The ceramic powder plays a role of a ceramic material heat-conducting medium, firstly absorbs heat to generate phase change, transfers heat to surrounding ceramic powder uniformly, and melts per se to play a role of an adhesive layer, so that the coating is more uniform, the density of the coating is improved, and the hydrophobic wear-resisting property is excellent; more preferably, the glass powder can be fully diffused to adapt to the roughness of the ceramic sheet layer and fill pores among ceramic particles, so that the defects of pores, microcracks and the like in the coating layer are reduced, the friction coefficient of the coating after the doping of the glass powder is reduced, the hardness of the coating is obviously improved, the concrete base material can have excellent hydrophobic and wear-resistant performance, and the durability and the protection effect of the dam are improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating comprises the following raw materials: mullite, titanium dioxide, ammonium citrate and gum arabic.
Further, the raw materials also comprise glass powder.
The mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic-based composite coating comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 77-97 parts of mullite, 3 parts of titanium dioxide, 0-20 parts of glass powder, 0.8 part of ammonium citrate and 2 parts of Arabic gum.
A preparation method of mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating comprises the following steps:
dispersing raw materials in a dispersing agent for ball milling; the dispersing agent is deionized water or ethanol;
and (2) carrying out spray granulation on the slurry subjected to ball milling to obtain the mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic-based composite coating.
Further, in the step (2), the ball-milled slurry is screened and then spray-granulated, and typically, but not limitatively, the number of the screened meshes used can be 100.
An application of mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic-based composite coating as a coating on a concrete substrate.
A preparation method of a concrete substrate coating comprises the following steps,
and spraying the mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic-based composite coating on a concrete substrate by adopting a plasma spraying technology to obtain the mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic-based composite coating. Typically, but not limitatively, the parameters of the plasma spraying technique are: the power is 32kw, the moving speed of the spray gun is 800mm/s, the spray distance is 150mm, the powder feeding rate is 15%, the front cooling gas is 3bar, the rear cooling gas is 0bar, and the coating thickness is 185um.
Further, before spraying by plasma spraying, the concrete substrate is pretreated by sandblasting, typically but not limited to, single-sided sandblasting with sandblasting pressure of 0.3MPa and sandblasting grain size of 36 mesh.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the preparation method of the mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating is simple, and the hydrophobic wear-resisting property of the mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating is excellent after the mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating is used as a coating on a concrete substrate.
2. The mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating is used as a coating on a concrete substrate, wherein the mullite is used asFor ceramic substrates, sintered to form a ceramic coating, titanium dioxide (TiO) 2 ) The ceramic powder coating has the advantages that the ceramic powder coating plays a role of a ceramic material heat-conducting medium, firstly absorbs heat to generate phase change, heat is uniformly transferred to surrounding ceramic powder, and the melting of the ceramic powder coating can play a role of an adhesive layer, so that the coating is more uniform, the density of the coating is improved, and the hydrophobic wear-resisting property is excellent.
3. In the invention, the glass powder can be fully diffused to adapt to the roughness of the ceramic sheet layer and fill pores among ceramic particles, so that the defects of pores, microcracks and the like in the coating layer are reduced, the friction coefficient of the coating after doping of the glass powder is reduced, and the hardness of the coating is obviously improved.
4. The mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic-based composite coating can also fill gaps of a concrete substrate, improves the compactness of the concrete substrate, and ensures that the concrete substrate coated with the mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic-based composite coating has excellent hydrophobic and wear-resistant properties under the combined action of the mullite and the titanium dioxide ceramic-based composite coating.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the coefficient of friction of a sample;
figure 2 is the vickers hardness of the coating.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific examples. Before the present embodiments are further described, it is to be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described below; it is also to be understood that the terminology used in the examples is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Test methods in which specific conditions are not specified in the following examples are generally carried out under conventional conditions or under conditions recommended by the respective manufacturers. In addition to the specific methods, devices, and materials used in the examples, any methods, devices, and materials similar or equivalent to those described in the examples may be used in the practice of the invention in addition to the specific methods, devices, and materials used in the examples, in keeping with the knowledge of one skilled in the art and with the description of the invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 97 parts of mullite, 3 parts of titanium dioxide, 0.8 part of ammonium citrate and 2 parts of Arabic gum.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
dispersing raw materials in deionized water for ball milling; the concrete raw materials and deionized water are as follows according to the mass portion: 97 parts of mullite, 3 parts of titanium dioxide, 0.8 part of ammonium citrate, 2 parts of gum arabic and 100 parts of deionized water, wherein a wet ball mill can be used for ball milling, a certain amount of ball milling balls, various raw materials and deionized water are placed into a pot milling barrel of the wet ball mill, the ball milling speed is 30-80 r/min, and the ball milling is carried out for 72 hours.
And (2) filtering the ball-milled slurry by using a 100-mesh screen, and then performing spray granulation by using a spray granulator, wherein the rotor frequency is 20-25 GHz, the air inlet temperature is 230 ℃, the granulation tower temperature is 115-125 ℃, and the air outlet temperature is 90-100 ℃, so that mullite-titanium dioxide powder, namely the mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic-based composite coating, is obtained.
Example 2
The difference from the embodiment 1 is that the raw materials further comprise glass powder, and the raw materials and deionized water are as follows in parts by mass: 95 parts of mullite, 3 parts of titanium dioxide, 2 parts of glass powder, 0.8 part of ammonium citrate, 2 parts of Arabic gum and 100 parts of deionized water
The rest corresponds to example 1.
Example 3
The difference from the embodiment 1 is that the raw materials also comprise glass powder, and the raw materials and deionized water are as follows in parts by mass: 92 parts of mullite, 3 parts of titanium dioxide, 5 parts of glass powder, 0.8 part of ammonium citrate, 2 parts of Arabic gum and 100 parts of deionized water
The rest corresponds to example 1.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a concrete substrate coating, which specifically comprises the following steps:
dispersing raw materials in deionized water for ball milling; the concrete raw materials and deionized water are as follows according to the parts by weight: 97 parts of mullite, 3 parts of titanium dioxide, 0.8 part of ammonium citrate, 2 parts of Arabic gum and 100 parts of deionized water, wherein a wet ball mill can be adopted for ball milling, a certain amount of ball milling balls, various raw materials and deionized water are placed into a pot milling barrel of the wet ball mill, the ball milling speed is 30-80 r/min, and the ball milling is carried out for 72 hours.
And (2) filtering the ball-milled slurry by using a 100-mesh screen, and performing spray granulation by using a spray granulator at a rotor frequency of 20-25 GHz to obtain mullite-titanium dioxide powder, namely the mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic-based composite coating.
And (3) carrying out sand blasting pretreatment on the concrete base material, wherein single-side sand blasting is adopted, the sand blasting pressure is 0.3MPa, and the sand blasting granularity is 36 meshes.
And (4) spraying the mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic-based composite coating prepared in the step (2) on the pretreated concrete base material by adopting a plasma spraying technology to obtain the mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic-based composite coating, wherein the parameters of the plasma spraying technology are as follows: the power is 32kw, the moving speed of the spray gun is 800mm/s, the spray distance is 150mm, the powder feeding rate is 15%, the front cooling gas is 3bar, the rear cooling gas is 0bar, and the coating thickness is 185um.
The sample was designated as sample No. 1.
Example 5
The difference from the embodiment 4 is that the raw materials in the step (1) further comprise glass powder, and the raw materials and deionized water are as follows according to parts by mass: 95 parts of mullite, 3 parts of titanium dioxide, 2 parts of glass powder, 0.8 part of ammonium citrate, 2 parts of Arabic gum and 100 parts of deionized water
The rest corresponds to example 4.
The sample was designated sample No. 2.
Example 6
The difference from the embodiment 4 is that the raw materials in the step (1) further comprise glass powder, and the raw materials and deionized water are as follows according to parts by mass: 92 parts of mullite, 3 parts of titanium dioxide, 5 parts of glass powder, 0.8 part of ammonium citrate, 2 parts of Arabic gum and 100 parts of deionized water
The rest corresponds to example 4.
The sample was designated as sample No. 3.
Example 7
The difference from the example 5 is that the step (3) is not included, and the mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic-based composite coating prepared in the step (2) is directly sprayed on the concrete substrate which is not pretreated by adopting a plasma spraying technology, so that the obtained mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic-based composite coating is the same as the example 5.
And (3) testing and analyzing:
and (3) testing the friction coefficient: the concrete base material (sample is marked as base material) and the coatings of examples 4-6 were subjected to friction coefficient test, the sample was subjected to alcohol ultrasonic cleaning, dried and not polished before the test, the original abrasion test was smooth, the friction contact was ball contact, the friction rotation speed was 632 rpm, the test load was 0.2N, the test time was 8min, and the friction coefficient is shown in fig. 1.
With the increase of the content of the glass powder, the friction coefficient of the coating is increased after being reduced, because the glass powder can be fully diffused to adapt to the roughness of the ceramic sheet layer, the surface is smooth, and the roughness is reduced; however, when the content of the glass frit is increased, the glass frit is accumulated on the surface of the coating, and the friction coefficient is increased.
And (3) hardness testing: the hardness of the concrete base material (sample is referred to as base material) and the coatings of examples 4 to 6 was measured by a Wilson Vickers hardness tester, and the Vickers hardness results of the coatings are shown in FIG. 2, and the test force was 0.5kgf.
The comparison shows that the hardness of the concrete base material is obviously improved by coating the ceramic coating, and the hardness is further improved along with the increase of the content of the glass powder; the glass powder is added into the ceramic coating, so that the flowing of the molten powder on the surface of the substrate can be improved, the glass sheet layer can be fully relaxed and adapted to the surface roughness of the ceramic sheet layer, and air holes among ceramic particles are filled, so that the number of defects such as air holes, microcracks and the like in the coating layer is reduced, and the strength of the coating is greatly improved; the glass frit incorporation also maintains good stability over extended periods of wear, which is beneficial to the long-term wear resistance of the coating.
Claims (10)
1. The mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating is characterized by comprising the following raw materials: mullite, titanium dioxide, ammonium citrate and Arabic gum.
2. The mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating according to claim 1, wherein the raw materials further comprise glass frit.
3. The mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating according to claim 2, which is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 77-97 parts of mullite, 3 parts of titanium dioxide, 0-20 parts of glass powder, 0.8 part of ammonium citrate and 2 parts of Arabic gum.
4. The preparation method of the mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
dispersing raw materials in a dispersing agent for ball milling;
and (2) carrying out spray granulation on the slurry subjected to ball milling to obtain the mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic-based composite coating.
5. The method for preparing the mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic matrix composite coating according to claim 4, wherein the dispersant is deionized water or ethanol.
6. The method for preparing the mullite-titania ceramic-based composite coating according to claim 4, wherein the ball-milled slurry is screened and then spray granulated in the step (2).
7. The use of the mullite-titania ceramic matrix composite coating of any one of claims 1 through 3 as a coating on a concrete substrate.
8. The preparation method of the concrete substrate coating is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
spraying the mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic-based composite coating as defined in any one of claims 1 to 3 on a concrete substrate by using a plasma spraying technology to obtain the mullite-titanium dioxide ceramic-based composite coating.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the concrete substrate is pre-treated by grit blasting prior to spraying by plasma spraying.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the plasma spraying technique has the parameters: the power is 32kw, the moving speed of the spray gun is 800mm/s, the spraying distance is 150mm, the powder feeding rate is 15%, the front cooling gas is 3bar, the rear cooling gas is 0bar, the coating thickness is 185um, and the concrete base material is pretreated by sand blasting: adopts single-side sand blasting with the sand blasting pressure of 0.3MPa and the sand blasting granularity of 36 meshes.
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