CN115893787A

CN115893787A - Method for producing synthetic fuel from animal and poultry feces

Info

Publication number: CN115893787A
Application number: CN202211615483.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 蔡廷锐; 荣金风
Original assignee: Jilin Hongtai Chengyuan Biotechnology Co ltd
Current assignee: Jilin Hongtai Chengyuan Biotechnology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-12-16
Filing date: 2022-12-16
Publication date: 2023-04-04

Abstract

A production method of synthetic fuel of livestock and poultry manure comprises the following steps: crushing the collected livestock and poultry manure with the water content of 70 percent into 60 meshes by using a crusher; carrying out dry-wet separation on the crushed livestock and poultry manure by using a manure separator to separate the crushed livestock and poultry manure into dry livestock and poultry manure and water; adding additives into the separated dry livestock and poultry manure, sending the mixture into a manure dryer through a double-shaft stirrer, and evaporating water until the water content is 30-35% to form a livestock and poultry manure synthetic fuel; the additive is a mixture of biological carbon powder, silicon dioxide powder and hydrocarbon substances; the fuel value of the synthetic fuel of the livestock and poultry manure prepared by the invention can reach 3500-3700KJ/kg, and can meet the energy requirements of farmers, coal-fired boilers, biomass power generation, greenhouses and the like. The invention meets the environmental protection emission standard, reduces the emission of harmful substances in the livestock and poultry feces, achieves daily clearing, expands the resource utilization of the livestock and poultry feces, and solves the harm of the livestock and poultry feces to the atmospheric emission.

Description

Method for producing synthetic fuel from animal and poultry manure

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of livestock and poultry manure treatment and utilization, in particular to a production method of a synthetic fuel of livestock and poultry manure.

Background

Along with the increase of environmental protection dynamics, a lot of livestock and poultry breeding factory all begin to face the problem that beasts and birds excrement is handled the emission, reaches the environmental protection standard to how to handle beasts and birds excrement and dirt, and there are 3 kinds in present mainstream direction: planting and breeding combination, clean recycling and standard discharge, more than 9 specific treatment modes are provided, and each treatment mode has advantages and disadvantages.

1. Treating the livestock and poultry manure by adopting a planting and breeding combined mode:

(1) Returning the total amount of excrement to the field: livestock and poultry pollutants (excrement, liquid dung and sewage) generated by a farm are collected in a centralized manner and all enter an oxidation pond for storage and fermentation, the oxidation pond is divided into an open type aerobic fermentation mode and a film-coated type anaerobic fermentation mode, the excrement is stored after being fermented for a period of time in the oxidation pond, and is utilized in farmlands in a fertilizing season, and the open type aerobic fermentation mode is not popularized and used at present due to the fact that the air pollution index is too high.

The livestock and poultry manure treatment mode has the advantages that the manure collection, treatment and storage facilities are low in cost, organic matters in the livestock and poultry manure can be collected in full, and the nutrient utilization rate is high. However, the storage period of the excrement generally reaches more than half a year, the occupied area is large, a large amount of land is needed for constructing an oxidation pond and storage facilities, and specialized fertilization machinery, farmland application pipe networks, stirring equipment and other auxiliary facilities are needed to be matched; in addition, for a farm for long-distance transportation, the excrement transportation cost is high, and roads are polluted, so that the method can be only used within a certain range.

(2) Composting excrement: solid excrement of a breeding plant is taken as a main material, after high-temperature aerobic composting innocent treatment, farmland utilization or organic fertilizer production is carried out, a solid-liquid separator is matched to carry out primary processing on livestock and poultry manure, after long-time high-temperature aerobic fermentation, the livestock and poultry manure generates relatively dry organic fertilizer, the organic fertilizer can be sold or returned to the field for utilization in the breeding plant, and the treatment method comprises a strip-shaped stack type, a groove type, a barrel bin type, a high (low) frame fermentation bed and an ectopic fermentation bed.

The livestock and poultry manure treatment mode has the advantages of high aerobic fermentation temperature, thorough harmless treatment of the manure, short fermentation period, no odor generated in the fermentation process, and increased added value of the manure due to composting treatment. But the method also needs infrastructure and fixed sites for fermentation, is mostly used for breeding plants with low sewage yield such as cow dung, chicken manure, sheep manure and the like, and needs to be additionally provided with a sewage treatment system for breeding plants with high sewage yield such as water-soaked manure and the like.

(3) And (3) fertilizing the liquid manure: the mode is usually matched with a mode of returning all the manure to the field, after the manure water produced by a farm is treated and stored by an oxidation pond, the harmless treated manure water and irrigation water are mixed according to a certain proportion during the period of fertilizer demand and irrigation of a farmland, and the water and fertilizer are applied integrally.

The livestock and poultry manure treatment mode has the advantages that after the manure is subjected to oxidation pond harmless treatment, organic fertilizer water resources can be provided for farmlands, and manure treatment pressure is solved, but no matter in a fermentation stage, an oxidation pond fermentation storage stage or a water and manure integrated application stage, a large amount of land needs to be consumed as supporting support, a manure conveying pipe network needs to be constructed in a supporting manner or manure transport vehicles need to be purchased, and for a farm adopting the mode, long-distance manure transport becomes a new problem no matter from the road transport or high transport cost.

(4) And (3) manure energy regeneration: the method comprises the steps of collecting livestock and poultry manure, constructing a large-scale biogas project, carrying out anaerobic fermentation to finally produce biogas residues, biogas slurry and biogas, generating power or purifying biogas by using the biogas, producing organic fertilizer farmland by using the biogas residues, and discharging the biogas slurry farmland or after deep treatment to reach the standard.

The treatment mode mainly aims at professionally producing renewable energy sources, collects the excrement and the liquid dung of the surrounding farms by depending on special livestock and poultry excrement and sewage treatment enterprises, intensively and uniformly treats the excrement and the liquid dung of the farms, and reduces the investment of excrement and sewage treatment facilities of small farms; the energy utilization efficiency is high due to professional operation; however, the method has high one-time investment cost and great difficulty in utilizing energy products; the biogas slurry production amount is large and centralized, the treatment cost is high, and a subsequent treatment and utilization process needs to be matched. At present, the biogas power generation net surfing or biogas entering pipe network conditions are mostly seen in large-scale farms or intensive culture areas, and local government supporting policies are needed for guarantee.

2. Treating the livestock and poultry manure in a clean recycling mode:

(5) And (3) carrying out excrement basification: the method mainly uses organic matters such as livestock and poultry manure, mushroom fungus residues and crop straws as raw materials to carry out composting fermentation, combines the livestock and poultry manure, the mushroom fungus residues and the crop straws to produce a matrix disc and matrix soil to be applied to cultivation of economic crops such as fruits and vegetables, realizes zero-waste and zero-pollution ecological cycle production of an agricultural production chain, forms an organic cycle agricultural comprehensive economic system, and improves the comprehensive utilization rate of resources.

The livestock and poultry manure treatment mode has the advantages of longer production chain, high refinement technical degree, high integral quality of a producer, longer training period and more suitability for ecological agriculture enterprises and ecological farms.

(6) Padding with excrement: the treatment mode is exclusive to a dairy farm, and based on the characteristics of high cellulose content and soft texture and low water content of dairy manure, the solid-liquid separation of the dairy manure is firstly carried out, then the high-temperature aerobic composting fermentation is carried out on the solid manure, the fermented dairy manure can be used as bedding materials of the dairy manure, and the fermented dairy manure can be used as fertilizer for farmlands after the sewage is stored.

The livestock and poultry manure pollution treatment mode replaces traditional sand and soil with cow manure as padding, so that the operation cost of a cow farm can be saved, the bed laying time of cows can be prolonged by the softer and more comfortable cow bed padding, the milk yield of the cows is improved, the killing rate of plant diseases and insect pests in the cow manure must be paid attention to by adopting the method, and if the cow manure is used as the padding, the padding is not thoroughly treated in a harmless way, so that certain biological safety risk exists.

(7) Transforming the excrement into feed: the 'feed' of the method is not specific to the livestock and poultry manure, but the dry manure and animal proteins such as earthworms, fly maggots and black soldier flies in the livestock and poultry breeding process are subjected to composting fermentation to produce organic fertilizer for agricultural planting, and the fermented animal proteins such as the earthworms, the fly maggots and the black soldier flies are used for preparing feed and the like.

The livestock and poultry manure treatment mode changes the traditional concept of treating manure by using microorganisms, can realize intensive management, has low cost and high recycling efficiency, does not have secondary discharge and pollution, and realizes ecological culture. However, the actual operation is complex, the requirements of animal protein feeding on the temperature, the humidity and the air permeability of the breeding environment are very strict, the natural enemies such as birds and the like are prevented from being eaten by thieves, and the later separation of organic fertilizers and animal proteins also consumes energy.

(8) And (3) feces fueling: livestock and poultry manure is dehydrated and processed after being stirred, extrusion granulation is carried out, biomass fuel rods are produced, and the livestock and poultry manure is made into biomass environment-friendly fuel which is used as fuel for replacing coal production, so that the cost is lower than that of coal, the discharge amount of carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide is reduced, but the dewatering and drying energy consumption of the manure is higher, and the later maintenance cost is higher.

(9) Discharging the liquid dung after reaching the standard: the method aims at the sewage treatment of the farm, the manure water produced by the farm is deeply treated by adopting the UASB + A202 technology to be gradually treated into biogas slurry, farmland irrigation water and standard discharge water, and the solid manure is subjected to composting fermentation to be used as fertilizer nearby or entrusted to other people for centralized treatment.

After the livestock and poultry manure treatment mode carries out advanced treatment on the manure water, the standard discharge can be realized; a large-scale liquid dung storage pool does not need to be built, land for a liquid dung storage facility can be reduced, but the investment cost is huge, the investment cost is increased when sewage is treated in one step, and the large-scale investment is difficult to support in a common farm.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems in the background technology and provide a production method of a synthetic fuel of livestock and poultry manure.

A production method of a synthetic fuel of livestock and poultry manure comprises the following steps:

1) Crushing the collected livestock and poultry manure with the water content of 70 percent into 60 meshes by using a crusher;

2) Carrying out dry-wet separation on the crushed livestock and poultry manure in the step 1) by using a manure separator to separate the livestock and poultry manure into dry livestock and poultry manure and water;

3) Adding additives into the dry livestock and poultry manure obtained by separation in the step 2), sending the mixture into a manure dryer through a double-shaft stirrer, and evaporating water until the water content is 30-35% to form a synthetic fuel of the livestock and poultry manure;

the additive is a mixture of biological carbon powder, silicon dioxide powder and hydrocarbon substances;

the synthetic fuel of the livestock and poultry manure comprises the following components in parts by weight:

100 parts of livestock and poultry manure; 10 parts of biochar; 1 part of silicon dioxide; 10 parts of hydrocarbon substances.

The hydrocarbon material is paraffin.

The synthetic fuel of the livestock and poultry manure can be pressed into granules, rods or balls.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the fuel value of the synthetic fuel of the livestock and poultry manure prepared by the invention can reach 3500-3700KJ/kg, and can meet the energy requirements of farmers, coal-fired boilers, biomass power generation, greenhouses and the like.

2. The invention meets the environmental protection emission standard, reduces the emission of harmful substances in the livestock and poultry manure, achieves daily clearing, expands the resource utilization of the livestock and poultry manure, and solves the harm of the livestock and poultry manure to the atmospheric emission.

Detailed Description

The hydrocarbon material is paraffin.

The pulverizer, the excrement separator, the double-shaft stirrer and the excrement dryer are available in the prior art and are commercially available.

The temperature of the inlet smoke of the excrement dryer is 600-800 ℃, the temperature of the outlet waste gas is 80-120 ℃, and the temperature of the excrement is 65-75 ℃.

Claims

1. A production method of synthetic fuel of livestock and poultry manure is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

2. The method for producing the synthetic fuel of livestock and poultry manure as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the hydrocarbon material is paraffin.

3. The method for producing the synthetic fuel of livestock and poultry manure as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the synthetic fuel of the livestock and poultry manure is granular, rod-shaped or spherical.