CN115889495A - Preparation method of Al-Mg alloy wire for fastener - Google Patents
Preparation method of Al-Mg alloy wire for fastener Download PDFInfo
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- CN115889495A CN115889495A CN202211627946.1A CN202211627946A CN115889495A CN 115889495 A CN115889495 A CN 115889495A CN 202211627946 A CN202211627946 A CN 202211627946A CN 115889495 A CN115889495 A CN 115889495A
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Abstract
A preparation method of an Al-Mg alloy wire for a fastener relates to the field of manufacturing methods of aluminum alloy wires for fasteners. The invention aims to solve the technical problems of structural property uniformity, high precision surface quality stability control difficulty and the like in the industrial batch production of the Al-Mg alloy wire. The tensile strength of the imported Al-Mg alloy wire in the market is 305 MPa-358 MPa, the tensile strength of the Al-Mg alloy wire prepared by the invention is 320 MPa-354 MPa, and the performance of the Al-Mg alloy wire is equivalent to that of imported materials, so that the Al-Mg alloy wire not only meets the material selection requirement of the blind rivet for the fastener, but also is more beneficial to popularization and use of the Al-Mg alloy wire on links of other aviation, aerospace and rail transit structural members. The Al-Mg alloy wire prepared by the invention is used for fastener blind rivets.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of manufacturing methods of Al-Mg alloy wires for fasteners.
Background
At present, the Al-Mg alloy wire is mainly applied to middle and low end solid rivets in the aspect of domestic fasteners, while the rivet wire for fasteners in the fields of high-end aerospace and the like is imported from the United states and Europe by a third party at present, and the research on the preparation process of the Al-Mg alloy wire for the high-end fasteners is not developed in China. In order to solve the production bottleneck of the Al-Mg alloy wire preparation process technology (industrialized batch production organization property uniformity and high-precision surface quality stability control technology), the domestic development and application research of Al-Mg alloy wires for fasteners needs to be developed, the maturity of the Al-Mg alloy wire preparation technology and the stable batch production capacity are improved, and import substitution is realized, so that the Al-Mg alloy wire not only meets the material selection requirement of the self-plugging rivet for the fasteners, but also is more favorable for popularization and use of the Al-Mg alloy wire on the links of other aviation, aerospace and rail transit structural members.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method of an Al-Mg alloy wire for fasteners, aiming at solving the technical problems of large control difficulty of structural property uniformity and high-precision surface quality stability in the industrial batch production of the existing Al-Mg alloy wire.
The preparation method of the Al-Mg alloy wire for the fastener comprises the following steps:
1. carrying out extrusion, straightening and saw cutting treatment on the Al-Mg alloy ingot blank to obtain an Al-Mg alloy extrusion bar;
2. rolling the Al-Mg alloy extruded bar prepared in the step one by adopting a hot continuous rolling mode to obtain a large-coil heavy hot rolled coil;
3. annealing the heavy hot rolled coil of the large coil obtained in the step two, keeping the annealing temperature at 350-420 ℃ for 2-6 h, and cooling in air after discharging;
4. cold rolling the hot rolled coil annealed in the step three, processing the cold rolled coil to a wire rod with a preset diameter, annealing the cold rolled coil at the annealing temperature of 350-420 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2-6 h, discharging the cold rolled coil out of the furnace, and then air cooling the cold rolled coil to obtain a cold rolled coil wire rod;
5. performing multi-pass drawing processing on the cold-rolled coiled wire obtained in the step four to obtain a wire with a finished diameter, annealing before each pass of drawing, keeping the annealing temperature at 350-420 ℃ for 2-6 h, and performing air cooling after discharging;
6. and (5) annealing the finished product diameter wire rod obtained in the fifth step at the annealing temperature of 100-300 ℃ for 2-6 h, and cooling in air after discharging to obtain the Al-Mg alloy wire rod for the fastener.
The preparation method of the Al-Mg alloy ingot blank in the first step of the invention is carried out according to the following steps (which is a conventional technology):
A. according to the mass percent of each element: 4.5-5.6% of Mg, 0.05-0.20% of Mn, 0.05-0.20% of Cr, 0.005-0.04% of Ti, less than 0.3% of Si, less than 0.4% of Fe and the balance of Al, and weighing a pure aluminum ingot, a pure magnesium ingot, an aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy, an aluminum-chromium intermediate alloy and an aluminum-titanium boron wire grain refiner; wherein the aluminum manganese master alloy is Al-10% Mn alloy, the aluminum chromium master alloy is Al-3% Cr alloy, the aluminum titanium master alloy is Al-5% Ti alloy, the aluminum titanium boron wire grain refiner is Al-5% Ti-1%B alloy;
B. adding the pure aluminum ingot, the aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy and the aluminum-chromium intermediate alloy weighed in the step A into a smelting furnace, heating to 700-750 ℃, melting, stirring, removing slag, adding the pure magnesium ingot, adding a No. 2 covering agent, smelting for 15-30 min, refining by using argon until the hydrogen content in each 100 g of aluminum alloy melt is less than or equal to 0.15mL, and standing for 30min to obtain an aluminum alloy melt; the No. 2 covering agent is No. 2 flux, and the No. 2 flux is composed of (30% -50%) KCl and (35% -50%) MgCl 2 And (3% -10%) BaCl 2 Composition is carried out; the dosage of the No. 2 covering agent is 0.1 to 0.6 percent of the total mass of the molten liquid in the smelting furnace;
C. b, filtering the aluminum alloy melt obtained in the step B by using 30ppi and 50ppi ceramic filter sheets in sequence, pouring the aluminum alloy melt into a crystallizer, and simultaneously inserting an aluminum-titanium-boron wire grain refiner into a launder to be uniformly melted into the aluminum alloy melt; the insertion speed of the aluminum-titanium-boron wire grain refiner is 320mm/min; casting the Al-Mg alloy ingot with the diameter of 420mm or 170mm and the length of 1500mm to 5500mm under the conditions that the temperature is 700 ℃ to 750 ℃, the water pressure is 0.045MPa to 0.2MPa and the speed is 22mm/min to 60 mm/min.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the tensile strength of the imported Al-Mg alloy wire in the current market is 305 MPa-358 MPa, the tensile strength of the Al-Mg alloy wire prepared by the invention is 320 MPa-354 MPa, and the performance of the Al-Mg alloy wire is equivalent to that of imported materials, so that the Al-Mg alloy wire not only meets the requirements of designing and selecting materials of the blind rivet for the fastener, but also is more beneficial to the connection and popularization and use of the Al-Mg alloy wire on other aviation, aerospace and rail transit structural members.
The Al-Mg alloy wire prepared by the invention is used for fastener blind rivets.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a macro morphology photograph of an Al-Mg alloy ingot in the first step of test one;
FIG. 2 is a macro morphology photograph of the Al-Mg alloy hot rolled coil prepared in the second step of the first test;
FIG. 3 is a photograph of the macro morphology of Al-Mg alloy wire prepared in test one.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the embodiment is a preparation method of an Al-Mg alloy wire for a fastener, which comprises the following specific steps:
1. carrying out extrusion, straightening and saw cutting treatment on the Al-Mg alloy ingot blank to obtain an Al-Mg alloy extrusion bar;
2. rolling the Al-Mg alloy extrusion bar prepared in the first step in a hot continuous rolling mode to obtain a large-coil-weight hot rolled coil;
3. annealing the heavy hot rolled coil of the large coil obtained in the step two, keeping the annealing temperature at 350-420 ℃ for 2-6 h, and cooling in air after discharging;
4. cold rolling the hot rolled coil annealed in the step three to process the hot rolled coil to a wire rod with a preset diameter, then annealing, keeping the annealing temperature at 350-420 ℃ for 2-6 h, and air cooling after discharging to obtain a cold rolled coil wire rod;
5. performing multi-pass drawing processing on the cold-rolled wire rod obtained in the step four to obtain a wire rod with a finished diameter, annealing before each pass of drawing, keeping the annealing temperature at 350-420 ℃ for 2-6 h, and performing air cooling after discharging;
6. and (4) annealing the finished product diameter wire rod obtained in the fifth step at the annealing temperature of 100-300 ℃ for 2-6 h, and cooling in air after discharging to obtain the Al-Mg alloy wire rod for the fastener.
The second embodiment is as follows: the first difference between the present embodiment and the specific embodiment is: the Al-Mg alloy ingot blank in the step one comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: 4.5 to 5.6 percent of Mg, 0.05 to 0.2 percent of Mn, 0.05 to 0.2 percent of Cr, 0.005 to 0.04 percent of Ti, less than 0.3 percent of Si, less than 0.4 percent of Fe and the balance of Al. The rest is the same as the first embodiment.
The third concrete implementation mode: the present embodiment differs from the first or second embodiment in that: in the first step, the size of the extruded blank before extrusion is phi 405 x (750 mm-1100 mm) ingot blank, the extrusion temperature is 350-450 ℃, the extrusion speed is 0.8 mm/s-1.8 mm/s, and the specification of the sawn finished bar is phi 135 mm-phi 155mm x (3500 mm-7000 mm). The other is the same as in the first or second embodiment.
The fourth concrete implementation mode is as follows: the difference between this embodiment mode and one of the first to third embodiment modes is: the straightening processing rate of the extruded bar in the first step is 0.8% -3%. The others are the same as in one of the first to third embodiments.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to fourth embodiments is: the preparation method of the large-coil heavy hot-rolled coil in the step two comprises the following steps:
A. heating the Al-Mg alloy extruded bar prepared in the step one in an electric furnace, taking the heated bar out of the furnace for hot continuous rolling when the temperature of the metal reaches 450-550 ℃, and rolling the bar to a large-disc heavy hot rolled coil with a preset specification;
B. and (3) performing hot finishing on the prepared large-coil heavy hot rolled coil, discharging the coil out of the furnace when the temperature of the metal reaches 450-550 ℃, and performing hot finish rolling on the coil to obtain a large-coil heavy finish rolled coil with a preset specification. The other is the same as one of the first to fourth embodiments.
The sixth specific implementation mode is as follows: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to fifth embodiments is: and the specification of the hot-rolled coil obtained in the step two is controlled according to the diameter and the state of the finished wire and the total cold deformation processing rate. The other is the same as one of the first to fifth embodiments.
The seventh embodiment: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to sixth embodiments is: controlling the total cold deformation processing rate of the finished diameter wire rod obtained in the fourth step and the fifth step to be 65-95% in the cold deformation processing process; and controlling the single-pass cold processing rate in the fifth step to be 25-50%. The other is the same as one of the first to sixth embodiments.
The specific implementation mode is eight: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to seventh embodiments is: and sixthly, applying the Al-Mg alloy wire rod prepared in the step six to the fastener blind rivet. The other is the same as one of the first to seventh embodiments.
The invention was verified with the following tests:
test one: the test is a preparation method of an Al-Mg alloy wire for a fastener, which comprises the following specific steps:
1. carrying out extrusion, straightening and saw cutting treatment on an Al-Mg alloy ingot blank (shown in figure 1) with the specification of phi 405X 950mm to obtain a phi 145X 6000mm extrusion bar;
2. rolling the Al-Mg alloy extrusion bar prepared in the step one, wherein the specification of the Al-Mg alloy is phi 145 multiplied by 6000mm, in a hot continuous rolling mode to obtain a large-coil hot-rolled coil (shown in figure 2) with the weight of more than 200 Kg;
3. annealing the hot rolled coil obtained in the step two, keeping the temperature for 4 hours at the annealing temperature of 350 ℃, and cooling in air after discharging;
4. cold rolling the hot rolled coil obtained in the step three, processing the cold rolled coil to a wire rod with a preset diameter, annealing at the annealing temperature of 350 ℃, preserving heat for 4 hours, and air cooling after discharging to obtain a cold rolled coil wire rod;
5. performing multi-pass drawing processing on the cold-rolled wire rod obtained in the step four to obtain a wire rod with a finished diameter, performing intermediate annealing before each pass of drawing, keeping the annealing temperature at 350 ℃ for 4 hours, and performing air cooling after discharging;
6. and (4) annealing the finished product diameter wire rod obtained in the fifth step at 200 ℃, preserving the heat for 4 hours, and cooling in air after discharging to obtain the Al-Mg alloy wire rod for the fastener (shown in figure 3).
The preparation method of the Al-Mg alloy ingot blank in the first step is carried out according to the following steps:
A. according to the mass percent of each element: weighing pure aluminum ingots, pure magnesium ingots, aluminum-manganese intermediate alloys, aluminum-chromium intermediate alloys and aluminum-titanium-boron wire grain refiners, wherein the Mg content is 5%, the Mn content is 0.1%, the Cr content is 0.1%, the Ti content is 0.02%, the Si content is less than 0.3%, the Fe content is less than 0.4%, and the balance is Al; wherein the aluminum manganese master alloy is an Al-10% Mn alloy, the aluminum chromium master alloy is an Al-3% Cr alloy, the aluminum titanium master alloy is an Al-5% Ti alloy, and the aluminum titanium boron wire grain refiner is an Al-5% Ti-1%B alloy;
B. b, adding the pure aluminum ingot, the aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy and the aluminum-chromium intermediate alloy weighed in the step A into a smelting furnace, heating to 750 ℃, melting, stirring, removing slag, adding the pure magnesium ingot, adding the No. 2 covering agent, smelting for 30min, refining by adopting argon until the hydrogen content in each 100 g of aluminum alloy melt is less than or equal to 0.15mL, and standing for 30min to obtain an aluminum alloy melt; the No. 2 covering agent is 2# flux, the 2# flux is composed of 40% by weight of KCl, 50% by weight of MgCl 2 And 10% of BaCl 2 Composition is carried out; the dosage of the No. 2 covering agent is 0.3 percent of the total mass of the molten liquid in the smelting furnace;
C. b, filtering the aluminum alloy melt obtained in the step B by using 30ppi and 50ppi ceramic filter sheets in sequence, pouring the aluminum alloy melt into a crystallizer, and simultaneously inserting an aluminum-titanium-boron wire grain refiner into a launder to be uniformly melted into the aluminum alloy melt; the insertion speed of the aluminum-titanium-boron wire grain refiner is 320mm/min; casting into an Al-Mg alloy cast ingot with the diameter of 420mm and the length of 5500mm under the conditions that the temperature is 750 ℃, the water pressure is 0.1MPa and the speed is 50 mm/min.
And sixthly, applying the Al-Mg alloy wire rod prepared in the step six to the fastener blind rivet.
And the specification of the finished product of the Al-Mg alloy wire rod prepared in the sixth step is phi 4.7mm.
The tensile strength of the Al-Mg alloy wire rod prepared by the invention is 320-354 MPa, and compared with the tensile strength of the Al-Mg alloy wire rod imported in the current market of 305-358 MPa, the Al-Mg alloy wire rod has the performance equivalent to that of imported materials, so that the Al-Mg alloy wire rod not only meets the requirements of designing and selecting materials of the blind rivet for the fastener, but also is more favorable for popularization and use of the Al-Mg alloy wire rod on the links of other aviation, aerospace and rail transit structural members.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of an Al-Mg alloy wire for a fastener is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1. carrying out extrusion, straightening and saw cutting treatment on the Al-Mg alloy ingot blank to obtain an Al-Mg alloy extrusion bar;
2. rolling the Al-Mg alloy extruded bar prepared in the step one by adopting a hot continuous rolling mode to obtain a large-coil heavy hot rolled coil;
3. annealing the heavy hot rolled coil of the large coil obtained in the step two, keeping the annealing temperature at 350-420 ℃ for 2-6 h, and cooling in air after discharging;
4. cold rolling the hot rolled coil annealed in the step three to process the hot rolled coil to a wire rod with a preset diameter, then annealing, keeping the annealing temperature at 350-420 ℃ for 2-6 h, and air cooling after discharging to obtain a cold rolled coil wire rod;
5. performing multi-pass drawing processing on the cold-rolled wire rod obtained in the step four to obtain a wire rod with a finished diameter, annealing before each pass of drawing, keeping the annealing temperature at 350-420 ℃ for 2-6 h, and performing air cooling after discharging;
6. and (5) annealing the finished product diameter wire rod obtained in the fifth step at the annealing temperature of 100-300 ℃ for 2-6 h, and cooling in air after discharging to obtain the Al-Mg alloy wire rod for the fastener.
2. The method for preparing an Al-Mg alloy wire for fasteners according to claim 1, wherein the Al-Mg alloy ingot blank in the first step comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: 4.5 to 5.6 percent of Mg, 0.05 to 0.2 percent of Mn, 0.05 to 0.2 percent of Cr, 0.005 to 0.04 percent of Ti, less than 0.3 percent of Si, less than 0.4 percent of Fe and the balance of Al.
3. The method for preparing Al-Mg alloy wire for fasteners according to claim 1, wherein the size of the extrusion blank before extrusion in step one is phi 405 x (750 mm-1100 mm) ingot blank, the extrusion temperature is 350-450 ℃, the extrusion speed is 0.8 mm/s-1.8 mm/s, and the specification of the sawed finished bar is (phi 135 mm-phi 155 mm) x (3500 mm-7000 mm).
4. The method for manufacturing an Al-Mg alloy wire for fasteners as claimed in claim 1, wherein the straightening process rate of the extruded rod in the first step is 0.8 to 3%.
5. The method for preparing the Al-Mg alloy wire rod for the fastener according to claim 1, wherein the method for preparing the large-coil heavy hot-rolled coil in the second step is performed according to the following steps:
A. heating the Al-Mg alloy extruded bar prepared in the step one in an electric furnace, taking the heated bar out of the furnace for hot continuous rolling when the temperature of the metal reaches 450-550 ℃, and rolling the bar to a large-disc heavy hot rolled coil with a preset specification;
B. and (3) performing hot finishing on the prepared large-coil heavy hot rolled coil, discharging the coil out of the furnace when the temperature of the metal reaches 450-550 ℃, and performing hot finish rolling on the coil to obtain a large-coil heavy finish rolled coil with a preset specification.
6. The method of manufacturing an Al-Mg alloy wire for fasteners as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hot rolled coil obtained in the second step has a gauge controlled according to the diameter, condition and total cold deformation working rate of the finished wire.
7. The method for preparing the Al-Mg alloy wire rod for the fastener according to claim 1, wherein the total cold deformation processing rate of the finished diameter wire rod obtained in the fourth step and the fifth step is controlled to be 65-95% in the cold deformation processing process; and controlling the single-pass cold machining rate in the fifth step to be 25-50%.
8. The method for preparing the Al-Mg alloy wire for the fastener according to claim 1, wherein the Al-Mg alloy wire prepared in the sixth step is applied to a blind rivet of the fastener.
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| CN202211627946.1A CN115889495A (en) | 2022-12-16 | 2022-12-16 | Preparation method of Al-Mg alloy wire for fastener |
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