CN111850361A - High-strength corrosion-resistant weldable aluminum-magnesium-bait zirconium alloy wide sheet and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength corrosion-resistant weldable aluminum-magnesium-bait zirconium alloy wide sheet and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A high-strength corrosion-resistant weldable aluminum-magnesium bait zirconium alloy wide sheet and a preparation method thereof relate to a high-strength corrosion-resistant weldable aluminum-magnesium bait zirconium alloy wide sheet and a preparation method thereof. The invention aims to solve the problem that the strength and the post-welding strength of the domestic existing high-performance aluminum alloy plate are low. The method comprises the following steps: smelting a pure aluminum ingot, a pure magnesium ingot, an aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy, an aluminum-erbium intermediate alloy, an aluminum-zirconium intermediate alloy, an aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy and an aluminum-beryllium intermediate alloy to obtain an aluminum alloy melt; and (3) sequentially casting the molten aluminum alloy, carrying out homogenization annealing, hot rolling, cogging, spreading and rolling, hot continuous rolling, uncoiling and slicing, annealing the plate, straightening and withdrawing, and sawing to obtain the finished product, thus obtaining the aluminum-magnesium-bait zirconium alloy wide sheet. The invention can obtain a high-strength corrosion-resistant weldable aluminum-magnesium bait zirconium alloy wide sheet and a preparation method thereof.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-strength corrosion-resistant weldable aluminum-magnesium bait zirconium alloy wide sheet and a preparation method thereof.
Background
When a high-performance ship is built, in order to meet the requirements of user design and material selection, the deadweight of large ships and naval vessels needs to be further reduced, the carrying capacity and the technical and tactical level need to be greatly improved, and the plate is required to have the characteristics of light material and high strength, so that the high-performance aluminum alloy plate needs to be used for replacing the traditional aluminum-magnesium alloy member and steel plate member. However, the strength of the domestic similar aluminum alloy plate can not meet the requirement (the self-control value of the tensile strength of the base metal is 350MPa, the development standard of the tensile strength after fusion welding is 333MPa), and the strength of the plate after welding is lower, so that the aluminum-magnesium alloy for constructing high-performance ships can only be imported from Russia and other countries, and no domestic similar aluminum alloy can be selected. Therefore, in order to break the situation that the alloy depends on import, research and manufacture of a high-performance aluminum alloy plate for building high-performance ships are urgently needed, and import substitution is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the strength and the post-welding strength of the existing domestic high-performance aluminum alloy plate are low, and provides a high-strength corrosion-resistant weldable aluminum-magnesium-bait zirconium alloy wide sheet and a preparation method thereof.
A high-strength corrosion-resistant weldable aluminum-magnesium bait zirconium alloy wide sheet comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: 5.0-6.5% of Mg, 0.6-0.9% of Mn, 0.15-0.20% of Er, 0.10-0.20% of Zr, 0.03-0.15% of Ti, 0.0005-0.005% of Be, less than 0.05% of Cu, less than 0.05% of Zn, less than 0.15% of Si, less than 0.20% of Fe, less than 0.0005% of Na, less than 0.0015% of K and less than 0.0005% of Ca, wherein the mass fraction of Fe is greater than that of Si, and the balance of Al.
A preparation method of a high-strength corrosion-resistant weldable aluminum-magnesium bait zirconium alloy wide sheet comprises the following steps:
firstly, weighing: weighing pure aluminum ingots, pure magnesium ingots, aluminum-manganese intermediate alloys, aluminum-erbium intermediate alloys, aluminum-zirconium intermediate alloys, aluminum-titanium intermediate alloys, aluminum-beryllium intermediate alloys and aluminum-titanium-boron wires according to the mass fraction of 5.0-6.5 percent, 0.6-0.9 percent of Mn, 0.15-0.20 percent of Er, 0.10-0.20 percent of Zr, 0.05-0.15 percent of Ti, 0.0005-0.005 percent of Be, 0.05 percent of Cu, 0.05 percent of Zn, 0.05 percent of Si, 0.15 percent of Fe, 0.0005 percent of Na, 0.0015 percent of K, 0.0005 percent of Ca and the balance of Al;
Smelting, casting and homogenizing annealing: smelting the pure aluminum ingot and the aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy weighed in the step one, then adding the aluminum bait intermediate alloy, intermittently stirring, adding the aluminum-zirconium intermediate alloy, and continuously smelting to obtain a melt; adding a pure magnesium ingot, an aluminum-beryllium intermediate alloy and an aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy, and stirring to obtain an aluminum alloy melt; refining the aluminum alloy melt, and standing to obtain an aluminum alloy melt; melting the aluminum-titanium-boron wire into the aluminum alloy melt for casting to obtain an alloy ingot with the length of 5000-6000 mm, the width of 1620mm and the thickness of 420 mm; carrying out homogenization annealing on the alloy ingot to obtain an annealed alloy ingot;
thirdly, hot rolling, cogging, spreading, rolling continuously, uncoiling and slicing: milling the annealed alloy ingot to a thickness of 395-405 mm, preserving heat for 6-8 h at a temperature of 420-440 ℃, rolling into a plate blank with a thickness of 310mm after heat preservation is finished, turning 90 degrees, continuously rolling into a plate blank with a thickness of 245mm, and then sawing into plate blanks with a length of 3000mm, a width of 1860mm and a thickness of 245 mm; keeping the temperature of the plate blank at 440-460 ℃ for 4-6 h, roughly rolling to the thickness of 14mm after heat preservation, and then performing finish rolling to the thickness of a finished product to prepare a coiled material with the width of 1890 mm; after the coiled material is fully cooled, sawing the coiled material into pieces with the length of 9000 mm-10000 mm;
Fourthly, annealing, straightening and sawing the plate into a finished product: keeping the temperature of the block pieces at 285-325 ℃ for 2-2.5 h, discharging and air cooling to obtain a plate; and stretching and straightening the plate, and then sawing to obtain the aluminum-magnesium-bait zirconium alloy wide sheet.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention relates to a high-strength corrosion-resistant weldable aluminum-magnesium-bait zirconium alloy wide sheet and a preparation method thereof, which are characterized in that elements such as Mg, Er, Zr, Ti and the like are added on the basis of the elements of the existing aluminum alloy, and in the preparation process, the processes of hot rolling, cogging, wide rolling, hot continuous rolling, sheet annealing, straightening and pulling and straightening and the like are optimized in process and process parameters, so that the final high-strength corrosion-resistant weldable aluminum-magnesium-zirconium alloy wide sheet product effectively reduces the dead weight of a ship while maintaining plasticity and corrosion resistance, and the tensile strength, yield strength and post-welding strength of the finished product sheet are more excellent, thereby achieving the standard for building high-performance ship sheets, and solving the problem that the existing aluminum-magnesium alloy for building high-performance ships can only be imported from abroad such as Russia and the like and no similar aluminum alloy can be used in China.
The strength and the corrosion resistance of the prepared aluminum-magnesium bait zirconium alloy plate reach those of similar plates imported from Russia, and the prepared aluminum-magnesium bait zirconium alloy plate has higher strength after welding; the aluminum-magnesium bait zirconium alloy wide sheet prepared by the invention can be applied to light hull structures such as hovercraft, catamaran high-speed ships and the like, effectively reduces the dead weight of ships, has more excellent strength performance, can lay a material foundation for developing application research of domestic large high-performance hull materials, and has important significance and wide application prospect in national defense construction and national economic construction.
The invention can obtain a high-strength corrosion-resistant weldable aluminum-magnesium bait zirconium alloy wide sheet and a preparation method thereof.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a high strength corrosion resistant weldable aluminum magnesium bait zirconium alloy wide sheet prepared in example two.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the high-strength corrosion-resistant weldable aluminum-magnesium bait zirconium alloy wide sheet comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: 5.0-6.5% of Mg, 0.6-0.9% of Mn, 0.15-0.20% of Er, 0.10-0.20% of Zr, 0.03-0.15% of Ti, 0.0005-0.005% of Be, less than 0.05% of Cu, less than 0.05% of Zn, less than 0.15% of Si, less than 0.20% of Fe, less than 0.0005% of Na, less than 0.0015% of K and less than 0.0005% of Ca, wherein the mass fraction of Fe is greater than that of Si, and the balance of Al.
The second embodiment is as follows: the present embodiment differs from the present embodiment in that: the aluminum-magnesium bait zirconium alloy wide thin plate contains the following elements in percentage by mass: 6.2% of Mg, 0.8% of Mn, 0.18% of Er, 0.10% of Zr, 0.03% of Ti, 0.0025% of Be, less than 0.05% of Cu, less than 0.05% of Zn, less than 0.15% of Si, less than 0.20% of Fe, less than 0.0005% of Na, less than 0.0015% of K and less than 0.0005% of Ca, wherein the mass fraction of Fe is greater than that of Si, and the balance of Al.
Other steps are the same as those in the first embodiment.
The third concrete implementation mode: the embodiment of the invention relates to a preparation method of a high-strength corrosion-resistant weldable aluminum-magnesium bait zirconium alloy wide sheet, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, weighing: weighing pure aluminum ingots, pure magnesium ingots, aluminum-manganese intermediate alloys, aluminum-erbium intermediate alloys, aluminum-zirconium intermediate alloys, aluminum-titanium intermediate alloys, aluminum-beryllium intermediate alloys and aluminum-titanium-boron wires according to the mass fraction of 5.0-6.5 percent, 0.6-0.9 percent of Mn, 0.15-0.20 percent of Er, 0.10-0.20 percent of Zr, 0.05-0.15 percent of Ti, 0.0005-0.005 percent of Be, 0.05 percent of Cu, 0.05 percent of Zn, 0.05 percent of Si, 0.15 percent of Fe, 0.0005 percent of Na, 0.0015 percent of K, 0.0005 percent of Ca and the balance of Al;
smelting, casting and homogenizing annealing: smelting the pure aluminum ingot and the aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy weighed in the step one, then adding the aluminum bait intermediate alloy, intermittently stirring, adding the aluminum-zirconium intermediate alloy, and continuously smelting to obtain a melt; adding a pure magnesium ingot, an aluminum-beryllium intermediate alloy and an aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy, and stirring to obtain an aluminum alloy melt; refining the aluminum alloy melt, and standing to obtain an aluminum alloy melt; melting the aluminum-titanium-boron wire into the aluminum alloy melt for casting to obtain an alloy ingot with the length of 5000-6000 mm, the width of 1620mm and the thickness of 420 mm; carrying out homogenization annealing on the alloy ingot to obtain an annealed alloy ingot;
Thirdly, hot rolling, cogging, spreading, rolling continuously, uncoiling and slicing: milling the annealed alloy ingot to a thickness of 395-405 mm, preserving heat for 6-8 h at a temperature of 420-440 ℃, rolling into a plate blank with a thickness of 310mm after heat preservation is finished, turning 90 degrees, continuously rolling into a plate blank with a thickness of 245mm, and then sawing into plate blanks with a length of 3000mm, a width of 1860mm and a thickness of 245 mm; keeping the temperature of the plate blank at 440-460 ℃ for 4-6 h, roughly rolling to the thickness of 14mm after heat preservation, and then performing finish rolling to the thickness of a finished product to prepare a coiled material with the width of 1890 mm; after the coiled material is fully cooled, sawing the coiled material into pieces with the length of 9000 mm-10000 mm;
fourthly, annealing, straightening and sawing the plate into a finished product: keeping the temperature of the block pieces at 285-325 ℃ for 2-2.5 h, discharging and air cooling to obtain a plate; and stretching and straightening the plate, and then sawing to obtain the aluminum-magnesium-bait zirconium alloy wide sheet.
In the present embodiment, the impurity elements Cu, Zn, Si, Fe, Na, K, Ca, and the like are all derived from pure aluminum ingots, and within the respective mass fraction ranges thereof, the performance of the final al-mg-bait zirconium alloy wide sheet product is not affected.
In the embodiment, when the mass fraction of Fe in the aluminum alloy melt is less than the mass fraction of Si, a certain amount of aluminum-iron intermediate alloy is supplemented to perform adjustment control in the smelting process, and when the mass fraction of Cu is larger than 0.05%, a certain amount of pure aluminum or high-purity aluminum is supplemented to perform control.
The beneficial effects of the embodiment are as follows:
according to the high-strength corrosion-resistant weldable aluminum magnesium bait zirconium alloy wide sheet and the preparation method thereof, on the basis of the existing aluminum alloy element components, elements such as Mg, Er, Zr and Ti are added, and in the preparation process, the processes such as hot rolling, cogging, wide rolling, hot continuous rolling, sheet annealing, straightening and pulling are optimized in technological parameters, so that the final high-strength corrosion-resistant weldable aluminum magnesium zirconium alloy wide sheet product can effectively reduce the dead weight of ships while maintaining plasticity and corrosion resistance, and the tensile strength, yield strength and post-welding strength of the finished sheet are more excellent, thereby achieving the standard for building high-performance ship sheets, and solving the problem that the existing aluminum magnesium alloy for high-performance ship building can only be imported from abroad such as Russia and the like, and no similar aluminum alloy can be selected for ships at home.
Secondly, the strength and the corrosion resistance of the prepared aluminum-magnesium bait zirconium alloy sheet material reach those of similar sheet materials imported from Russia, and the prepared aluminum-magnesium bait zirconium alloy sheet material has higher strength after welding; the aluminum-magnesium bait zirconium alloy wide sheet prepared by the embodiment can be applied to light hull structures such as hovercraft, catamaran high-speed ships and the like, effectively reduces the dead weight of ships, has more excellent strength performance, can lay a material foundation for developing application research of domestic large high-performance hull materials, and has important significance and wide application prospect in national defense construction and national economic construction.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: the third difference between the present embodiment and the specific embodiment is: in the first step, according to mass fraction Mg of 6.2%, Mn of 0.8%, Er of 0.18%, Zr of 0.10%, Ti of 0.03%, Be of 0.0025%, Cu of less than 0.05%, Zn of less than 0.05%, Si of less than 0.15%, Fe of less than 0.20%, Na of less than 0.0005%, K of less than 0.0015% and Ca of less than 0.0005%, wherein the mass fraction of Fe is greater than that of Si, and the balance Al is pure aluminum ingot, pure magnesium ingot, aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy, aluminum-erbium intermediate alloy, aluminum-zirconium intermediate alloy, aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy, aluminum-beryllium intermediate alloy and aluminum-titanium-boron wire.
The other steps are the same as those in the third embodiment.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: the third or fourth difference between the present embodiment and the specific embodiment is: heating the pure aluminum ingot and the aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy to 740-780 ℃, continuously heating to 780-785 ℃, adding the aluminum-bait intermediate alloy, intermittently stirring, adding the aluminum-zirconium intermediate alloy, and continuously smelting to obtain a melt; and cooling the melt to 765-770 ℃, adding a pure magnesium ingot, an aluminum-beryllium intermediate alloy and an aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy, and stirring to obtain the aluminum alloy melt.
The other steps are the same as those of the third or fourth embodiment.
The sixth specific implementation mode: the third to fifth embodiments are different from the first to fifth embodiments in that: the discontinuous stirring in the step two is as follows: stirring once every 20min at 780-785 ℃, stirring three times, wherein the stirring time is 3-5 min each time, adding the aluminum-zirconium intermediate alloy after stirring, and continuously smelting to obtain a melt.
The other steps are the same as those in the third to fifth embodiments.
The seventh embodiment: the third to sixth differences from the present embodiment are as follows: in the second step, Ar-Cl is used for the aluminum alloy melt2Refining the mixed gas until the hydrogen content in each 100 g of aluminum alloy melt is less than or equal to 0.15mL, and standing for 25-30 min to obtain an aluminum alloy melt; Ar-Cl2Ar and Cl in mixed gas2The volume ratio of (31-33.5): 1.
the other steps are the same as those in the third to sixth embodiments.
The specific implementation mode is eight: the third to seventh differences from the present embodiment are as follows: the casting in the second step is as follows: filtering the aluminum alloy melt by ceramic filter sheets of 40 meshes and 50 meshes in sequence, injecting the aluminum alloy melt into a crystallizer, uniformly adding an aluminum-titanium-boron grain refiner into the aluminum alloy melt, then melting an aluminum-titanium-boron wire into the aluminum alloy melt, and casting under the conditions that the temperature is 720-740 ℃, the water pressure is 0.03-0.05 MPa and the speed is 45-50 mm/min to obtain an alloy ingot with the length of 5000-6000 mm, the width of 1620mm and the thickness of 420 mm.
The other steps are the same as those of the third to seventh embodiments.
The specific implementation method nine: the third to eighth differences from the present embodiment are: the homogenizing annealing in the second step comprises the following steps: heating the alloy ingot to 279-285 ℃, preserving heat for 10-12 h, then continuously heating to 465-475 ℃, and further preserving heat for 28-30 h to obtain the annealed alloy ingot.
The other steps are the same as those in the third to eighth embodiments.
The detailed implementation mode is ten: the third to ninth differences from the present embodiment are as follows: putting 3-5 blocks into a heating furnace, uniformly paving graphite sheets in the middle of the blocks, then preserving heat for 2-2.5 h at the temperature of 285-325 ℃, discharging and air cooling to obtain a plate; and (3) stretching and straightening the plate, wherein the stretching amount is 1.0-1.2%, then cutting off 200-300 mm jaws at two ends of the stretched plate, and sawing and cutting the finished product to obtain the aluminum-magnesium bait zirconium alloy wide sheet.
The other steps are the same as those in the third to ninth embodiments.
The following examples were used to demonstrate the beneficial effects of the present invention:
the first embodiment is as follows: a high-strength corrosion-resistant weldable aluminum-magnesium bait zirconium alloy wide sheet comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: 6.2% of Mg, 0.8% of Mn, 0.18% of Er, 0.10% of Zr, 0.03% of Ti, 0.0025% of Be, less than 0.05% of Cu, less than 0.05% of Zn, less than 0.15% of Si, less than 0.20% of Fe, less than 0.0005% of Na, less than 0.0015% of K and less than 0.0005% of Ca, wherein the mass fraction of Fe is greater than that of Si, and the balance of Al.
Example two: a preparation method of a high-strength corrosion-resistant weldable aluminum-magnesium bait zirconium alloy wide sheet comprises the following steps:
firstly, weighing: according to mass fraction Mg of 6.2%, Mn of 0.8%, Er of 0.18%, Zr of 0.10%, Ti of 0.03%, Be of 0.0025%, Cu of less than 0.05%, Zn of less than 0.05%, Si of less than 0.15%, Fe of less than 0.20%, Na of less than 0.0005%, K of less than 0.0015% and Ca of less than 0.0005%, wherein the mass fraction of Fe is greater than that of Si, and the balance of Al is pure aluminum ingot, pure magnesium ingot, aluminum manganese intermediate alloy, aluminum erbium intermediate alloy, aluminum zirconium intermediate alloy, aluminum titanium intermediate alloy, aluminum beryllium intermediate alloy and aluminum titanium boron wire.
Smelting, casting and homogenizing annealing: adding the pure aluminum ingot and the aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy weighed in the step one into a smelting furnace in a mode of adding a melting solid material by an electric furnace, adding the aluminum bait intermediate alloy when heating to 780 ℃, stirring once every 20min at 780 ℃, stirring for three times, wherein the stirring time is 5min each time, adding the aluminum-zirconium intermediate alloy after stirring is finished, and continuously smelting to obtain a melt; cooling the melt to 765 ℃, adding a pure magnesium ingot, an aluminum-beryllium intermediate alloy and an aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy, and stirring to obtain an aluminum alloy melt; Ar-Cl is used for aluminum alloy melt 2Refining the mixed gas until the hydrogen content in each 100 g of aluminum alloy melt is less than or equal to 0.15mL, standing for 30min to obtain aluminum alloy melt, Ar-Cl2Ar and Cl in mixed gas2Is 33.5: 1; cleaning the crystallizer, placing the Al-Ti-B grain refiner in a flow groove at the outlet of a filter box, filtering with two-stage ceramic sheets (the number of ceramic sheets in a first-stage filter furnace is 40 meshes, the number of ceramic sheets in a second-stage filter furnace is 50 meshes), and castingSimultaneously inserting two aluminum-titanium-boron wires into a launder simultaneously to ensure that elements in an aluminum-titanium-boron grain refiner are uniformly melted into an aluminum alloy melt, wherein the feeding speed of the aluminum-titanium-boron grain refiner is 500mm/min, starting an Alpur double-rotor online degassing device, pouring a melt after melting a pure aluminum ingot onto a crystallizer base for bottoming in order to prevent the aluminum alloy melt from being adhered to the crystallizer base, and then casting under the conditions of 720 ℃ of temperature, 0.045MPa of water pressure and 45mm/min of speed to obtain an alloy ingot with the length of 6000mm, the width of 1620mm and the thickness of 420 mm; and (3) loading the alloy ingot into a furnace when the temperature of furnace gas is 200 ℃, heating to 280 ℃, preserving heat for 10h, rotating to a constant temperature of 480 ℃, continuously heating to 465 ℃, and then continuously preserving heat for 28h to obtain the annealed alloy ingot.
Thirdly, hot rolling, cogging, spreading, rolling continuously, uncoiling and slicing: milling the annealed alloy ingot to 400mm in thickness, heating by using a table furnace, preserving heat for 6h at the temperature of 440 ℃, rolling into a plate blank with the thickness of 310mm after heat preservation is finished, turning 90 degrees, continuously rolling into a plate blank with the thickness of 245mm, and then sawing into plate blanks with the length of 3000mm, the width of 1860mm and the thickness of 245 mm; preserving heat of the plate blank for 4 hours at 460 ℃ by using a trolley furnace, roughly rolling the plate blank to the thickness of 14mm after heat preservation, and then performing finish rolling for three times to the thickness of a finished product to prepare a coiled material with the width of 1890 mm; after the coil material is fully cooled, the coil material is uncoiled and sliced on an uncoiler, and a block piece with the length of 10000mm is sawed.
Fourthly, annealing, straightening and sawing the plate into a finished product: putting 3-5 pieces of blocks into a heating furnace, uniformly paving graphite sheets in the middle of the blocks, then preserving heat for 2.5 hours at the temperature of 320 ℃, discharging from the furnace and air cooling to obtain a plate; and (3) stretching and straightening the plate, wherein the stretching amount is 1.2%, then cutting off 200-300 mm jaws at two ends of the stretched plate, and sawing and cutting the finished product to obtain the aluminum-magnesium-bait-zirconium alloy wide thin plate.
Through inspection, the tensile strength of the high-strength corrosion-resistant weldable aluminum-magnesium-bait zirconium alloy wide thin plate prepared by the embodiment is 375N/mm 2～385N/mm2The tensile strength of the 5083 alloy plate which is widely adopted in the existing ship construction is improved by 60N/mm2～70N/mm2(ii) a Flexion typeThe clothes strength is 194N/mm2～205N/mm2The yield strength is improved by 30N/mm compared with the prior 5083 alloy plate2～40N/mm2(ii) a The elongation is 19 to 21 percent; the tensile strength of the welded plate after welding is 335N/mm2～340N/mm2Compared with the existing 5083 alloy plate, the strength after welding is improved by about 20MPa under the same fusion welding process; the welding coefficient reaches 0.88-0.9; testing intercrystalline corrosion sensitivity by ASTM G67 standard, mass loss value after nitric acid exposure is less than 10mg/cm2Therefore, the high-strength corrosion-resistant weldable aluminum-magnesium-bait zirconium alloy wide sheet prepared by the embodiment is high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy.
Claims (10)
1. A high-strength corrosion-resistant weldable aluminum-magnesium bait zirconium alloy wide sheet is characterized by comprising the following elements in percentage by mass: 5.0-6.5% of Mg, 0.6-0.9% of Mn, 0.15-0.20% of Er, 0.10-0.20% of Zr, 0.03-0.15% of Ti, 0.0005-0.005% of Be, less than 0.05% of Cu, less than 0.05% of Zn, less than 0.15% of Si, less than 0.20% of Fe, less than 0.0005% of Na, less than 0.0015% of K and less than 0.0005% of Ca, wherein the mass fraction of Fe is greater than that of Si, and the balance of Al.
2. A high strength corrosion resistant weldable aluminium magnesium bait zirconium alloy broad sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains the following elements in mass fraction: 6.2% of Mg, 0.8% of Mn, 0.18% of Er, 0.10% of Zr, 0.03% of Ti, 0.0025% of Be, less than 0.05% of Cu, less than 0.05% of Zn, less than 0.15% of Si, less than 0.20% of Fe, less than 0.0005% of Na, less than 0.0015% of K and less than 0.0005% of Ca, wherein the mass fraction of Fe is greater than that of Si, and the balance of Al.
3. The method for preparing a weldable aluminum magnesium bait zirconium alloy wide sheet with high strength and corrosion resistance as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps:
firstly, weighing: weighing pure aluminum ingots, pure magnesium ingots, aluminum-manganese intermediate alloys, aluminum-erbium intermediate alloys, aluminum-zirconium intermediate alloys, aluminum-titanium intermediate alloys, aluminum-beryllium intermediate alloys and aluminum-titanium-boron wires according to the mass fraction of 5.0-6.5 percent, 0.6-0.9 percent of Mn, 0.15-0.20 percent of Er, 0.10-0.20 percent of Zr, 0.05-0.15 percent of Ti, 0.0005-0.005 percent of Be, 0.05 percent of Cu, 0.05 percent of Zn, 0.05 percent of Si, 0.15 percent of Fe, 0.0005 percent of Na, 0.0015 percent of K, 0.0005 percent of Ca and the balance of Al;
smelting, casting and homogenizing annealing: smelting the pure aluminum ingot and the aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy weighed in the step one, then adding the aluminum bait intermediate alloy, intermittently stirring, adding the aluminum-zirconium intermediate alloy, and continuously smelting to obtain a melt; adding a pure magnesium ingot, an aluminum-beryllium intermediate alloy and an aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy, and stirring to obtain an aluminum alloy melt; refining the aluminum alloy melt, and standing to obtain an aluminum alloy melt; melting the aluminum-titanium-boron wire into the aluminum alloy melt for casting to obtain an alloy ingot with the length of 5000-6000 mm, the width of 1620mm and the thickness of 420 mm; carrying out homogenization annealing on the alloy ingot to obtain an annealed alloy ingot;
Thirdly, hot rolling, cogging, spreading, rolling continuously, uncoiling and slicing: milling the annealed alloy ingot to a thickness of 395-405 mm, preserving heat for 6-8 h at a temperature of 420-440 ℃, rolling into a plate blank with a thickness of 310mm after heat preservation is finished, turning 90 degrees, continuously rolling into a plate blank with a thickness of 245mm, and then sawing into plate blanks with a length of 3000mm, a width of 1860mm and a thickness of 245 mm; keeping the temperature of the plate blank at 440-460 ℃ for 4-6 h, roughly rolling to the thickness of 14mm after heat preservation, and then performing finish rolling to the thickness of a finished product to prepare a coiled material with the width of 1890 mm; after the coiled material is fully cooled, sawing the coiled material into pieces with the length of 9000 mm-10000 mm;
fourthly, annealing, straightening and sawing the plate into a finished product: keeping the temperature of the block pieces at 285-325 ℃ for 2-2.5 h, discharging and air cooling to obtain a plate; and stretching and straightening the plate, and then sawing to obtain the aluminum-magnesium-bait zirconium alloy wide sheet.
4. The method for preparing a high-strength corrosion-resistant weldable aluminum-magnesium bait zirconium alloy wide thin plate according to claim 3, characterized in that in the first step, the mass fraction of Mg is 6.2%, the mass fraction of Mn is 0.8%, the mass fraction of Er is 0.18%, the mass fraction of Zr is 0.10%, the mass fraction of Ti is 0.03%, the mass fraction of Be is 0.0025%, the mass fraction of Cu is less than 0.05%, the mass fraction of Zn is less than 0.05%, the mass fraction of Si is less than 0.15%, the mass fraction of Fe is less than 0.20%, the mass fraction of Na is less than 0.0005%, the mass fraction of K is less than 0.0015%, and the mass fraction of Ca is less than the mass fraction of Si, and the balance is Al-weighed pure aluminum ingots, pure magnesium ingots, aluminum-manganese intermediate alloys, aluminum-erbium intermediate alloys, aluminum-zirconium intermediate alloys, aluminum-titanium intermediate alloys, aluminum-beryllium intermediate alloys and.
5. The method for preparing a weldable wide sheet with high strength and corrosion resistance of aluminum-magnesium bait-zirconium alloy according to claim 3, wherein in the second step, the pure aluminum ingot and the aluminum-manganese intermediate alloy are heated to 740-780 ℃, the aluminum-bait intermediate alloy is added when the temperature is continuously raised to 780-785 ℃, the aluminum-zirconium intermediate alloy is added after the intermittent stirring, and the melting is continuously carried out to obtain a melt; and cooling the melt to 765-770 ℃, adding a pure magnesium ingot, an aluminum-beryllium intermediate alloy and an aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy, and stirring to obtain the aluminum alloy melt.
6. The method for preparing a weldable aluminum magnesium bait zirconium alloy wide sheet with high strength and corrosion resistance according to claim 3, wherein the intermittent stirring in the second step is as follows: stirring once every 20min at 780-785 ℃, stirring three times, wherein the stirring time is 3-5 min each time, adding the aluminum-zirconium intermediate alloy after stirring, and continuously smelting to obtain a melt.
7. The method for preparing weldable aluminum-magnesium-bait-zirconium alloy wide sheet with high strength and corrosion resistance as claimed in claim 3, wherein in the second step, Ar-Cl is used for the aluminum alloy melt2Refining the mixed gas until the hydrogen content in each 100 g of aluminum alloy melt is less than or equal to 0.15mL, and standing for 25-30 min to obtain an aluminum alloy melt; Ar-Cl 2Ar and Cl in mixed gas2The volume ratio of (31-33.5): 1.
8. the method for preparing a weldable aluminum magnesium bait zirconium alloy wide sheet with high strength and corrosion resistance according to claim 3, wherein the casting in the second step is: filtering the aluminum alloy melt by ceramic filter sheets of 40 meshes and 50 meshes in sequence, injecting the aluminum alloy melt into a crystallizer, uniformly adding an aluminum-titanium-boron grain refiner into the aluminum alloy melt, wherein the feeding speed of the aluminum-titanium-boron grain refiner is 500mm/min, then melting an aluminum-titanium-boron wire into the aluminum alloy melt, and casting under the conditions that the temperature is 720-740 ℃, the water pressure is 0.03-0.05 MPa and the speed is 45-50 mm/min to obtain an alloy ingot with the length of 5000-6000 mm, the width of 1620mm and the thickness of 420 mm.
9. The method for preparing a weldable aluminum magnesium bait zirconium alloy wide sheet with high strength and corrosion resistance according to claim 3, wherein the homogenizing annealing in the second step is as follows: heating the alloy ingot to 279-285 ℃, preserving heat for 10-12 h, then continuously heating to 465-475 ℃, and further preserving heat for 28-30 h to obtain the annealed alloy ingot.
10. The process for preparing weldable wide thin plate of aluminum magnesium bait zirconium alloy with high strength and corrosion resistance as claimed in claim 3, wherein the process comprises the following steps of, in the fourth step, loading 3 to 5 pieces of blocks into a heating furnace, uniformly paving graphite sheets in the middle of the blocks, then keeping the temperature at 285-325 ℃ for 2 to 2.5 hours, taking out of the furnace and air cooling to obtain the plate; and (3) stretching and straightening the plate, wherein the stretching amount is 1.0-1.2%, then cutting off 200-300 mm jaws at two ends of the stretched plate, and sawing and cutting the finished product to obtain the aluminum-magnesium bait zirconium alloy wide sheet.
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