CN115886132A - High-quality coarse feed formula and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technology of processing and preparing rough fodder for agriculture and animal husbandry, and discloses a high-quality rough fodder formula and a preparation method thereof, wherein the formula proportion is 80% of corn straws (with the water content of below 17%) after the kneading and cutting processing; 20% of lysine fermentation thallus protein powder (protein content is 90%); the pre-gelatinized cassava starch is added according to 3 percent of the weight of the lysine fermentation mycoprotein; calcium propionate is added according to 3 per mill of the total weight (or calcium propionate is added according to 1.5 percent of the weight of lysine fermentation mycoprotein); the three powdery materials are fully stirred and uniformly mixed. The preparation method of the invention adopts special technologies such as kneading and cutting, and the like to organically combine the lysine fermentation mycoprotein powder and the corn straw pulp together, thereby realizing the fine and soft texture, balanced nutrition, high digestibility and difficult mildewing of the synthesized pasture products, being mainly suitable for high-quality coarse feed required by ruminants such as cattle, sheep and the like, promoting the increase of both production and income of farmers and herdsmen, and realizing the sustainable development of agriculture and animal husbandry.

Description

High-quality coarse feed formula and preparation method thereof

1. Field of the invention

The invention relates to a processing technology of coarse fodder for agriculture and animal husbandry, in particular to a high-quality coarse fodder formula and a preparation method thereof.

2. Background of the invention

The total amount of corn straws used for ruminant feed in China is over two hundred million tons every year, the process for processing the straws always adopts the traditional forms of direct feeding by crushing (kneading), yellow storage, feeding after micro storage and the like, and because the protein content of the straws is low (less than 3 percent on average), the nutrition is insufficient, livestock hardly take enough nutrient components from the structural feed, and the sustainable development of the animal husbandry is severely restricted. At present, the dairy cattle breeding mode in China can be roughly divided into three types according to the size of the dairy cattle stocking scale: firstly, a farming mode taking farmers as main bodies; secondly, the dairy cattle professional farmers; thirdly, large-scale cultivation. Among all raw milk producers in China, milk produced by farmers and dairy cattle professional farmers accounts for 50%, but the breeding mode is laggard, the feeding of concentrated feed is emphasized, and the effect of coarse feed is ignored, the breeding mode is mainly 'straw + concentrated feed', so the problems of low milk yield, poor milk quality, low economic benefit, more metabolic diseases of dairy cattle and the like are easily caused, the same problems exist in beef cattle and mutton sheep industries in China, the beef cattle and mutton sheep industries in China also have large scale at present, the method also plays an important role in livestock industry in China, the quality and the quality of beef and mutton products are higher required along with the improvement of the living standard of people, and the high-quality coarse feed directly influences the quality and the yield of the beef and mutton products, so the method aims at the shortage of forage grass resources in China, under the condition of the low-quality coarse feed level at present, the idea of converting straw as the low-quality coarse feed into the high-quality coarse feed is provided, the research and the development of the high-quality coarse feed are positive, the forage grass resources are relieved, and the most basic substance shortage in the livestock industry and the sustainable development of China.

3. Summary of the invention

Aiming at the shortage of forage grass resources in China, the concept of converting straws as low-quality roughage into high-quality roughage is provided, and particularly relates to a high-quality roughage formula and a preparation method thereof.

In order to realize the purpose, the invention provides a high-quality roughage formula, wherein the proportion is 80% of the corn straws (with the water content of less than 17%) after the kneading and cutting processing according to the weight percentage; 20% of lysine fermentation thallus protein powder (protein content is 90%); the pre-gelatinized cassava starch is added according to 3 percent of the weight of lysine fermented mycoprotein; calcium propionate is added according to 3 per mill of the total weight (or calcium propionate is added according to 1.5 percent of the weight of lysine fermentation mycoprotein); the three powdery materials are fully stirred and uniformly mixed.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the high-quality coarse feed, which comprises the following steps:

step 1, carrying out dust removal and impurity removal pretreatment on the corn straws.

And 2, adopting a special kneading and cutting technology to prepare the corn straws into a softer pasture-like material, keeping the crude fibers of the straws intact, realizing 100 percent node breaking of the straws, wherein the length after kneading and cutting is about 5 to 10 centimeters, and the straw pulp is fully exposed (most of the straw pulp is still tightly combined with the straw skin).

And 3, uniformly spraying protein powder (with the protein content of 90%) on the surface of the straw material, uniformly spraying water mist in the process of conveying the straw material, uniformly stirring and mixing the straw material and the protein powder, wherein at the moment, the cassava pregelatinized starch in the protein powder generates a bonding effect under the action of the water mist, so that more than 95% of the protein powder sprayed on the surface of the straw material is bonded with the straw pulp, and the protein powder and the straw pulp are organically combined together after being pressed and bundled (the density is about 250 kilograms per cubic meter).

And 4, wrapping the straw bundle with a film to finish the preparation of the high-quality coarse fodder, namely synthesizing the grass bale.

The invention has the technical effects that:

1. in the formula of the high-quality coarse feed (synthetic pasture grass), the content of the crude protein serving as a main nutrient component is more than 18 percent, and the high-quality coarse feed contains various amino acids (wherein the content of the restrictive amino acids, methionine and lysine which are necessary for the growth of livestock and poultry is high), vitamins, calcium, phosphorus, iron and other beneficial mineral elements, so that the comprehensive balance of the nutrient components is realized.

2. The preparation method of the invention adopts special techniques such as kneading and cutting, so that the protein powder and the corn straw pulp are organically combined together, and the fine and soft texture, balanced nutrition, good palatability and high digestibility of the synthetic forage grass product are realized. The feed is suitable for ruminant such as cattle, sheep, etc. as high-quality coarse feed.

3. The corn stalks are used as low-quality coarse fodder to be converted into high-quality coarse fodder, so that the corn stalks replace high-quality pasture, the shortage of forage grass resources in China is relieved, and the most basic material basis is provided for sustainable and healthy development of animal husbandry.

Claims (2)

1. A high-quality roughage formula is characterized in that the proportion is 80% of corn straws (with water content below 17%) after kneading and cutting processing according to weight percentage; 20% of lysine fermentation thallus protein powder (protein content is 90%); the pre-gelatinized cassava starch is added according to 3 percent of the weight of the lysine fermentation mycoprotein; calcium propionate is added according to 3 per mill of the total weight (or calcium propionate is added according to 1.5 percent of the weight of lysine fermentation mycoprotein); the three powdery materials are fully stirred and uniformly mixed.

2. A preparation method of high-quality roughage is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1, carrying out dust removal and impurity removal pretreatment on the corn straws.

And 2, adopting a special kneading and cutting technology to prepare the corn straws into a softer pasture-like material, keeping the crude fibers of the straws intact, realizing 100 percent node breaking of the straws, wherein the length after kneading and cutting is about 5 to 10 centimeters, and the straw pulp is fully exposed (most of the straw pulp is still tightly combined with the straw skin).

And 3, uniformly spraying protein powder (with the protein content of 90%) on the surface of the straw material, uniformly spraying water mist in the process of conveying the straw material, uniformly stirring and mixing the straw material and the protein powder, wherein at the moment, the cassava pregelatinized starch in the protein powder generates a bonding effect under the action of the water mist, so that more than 95% of the protein powder sprayed on the surface of the straw material is bonded with the straw pulp, and the protein powder and the straw pulp are organically combined together after being pressed and bundled (the density is about 250 kilograms per cubic meter).

And 4, wrapping the straw bundles with a film to finish the preparation of high-quality coarse fodder, namely synthesizing the grass bales.