RU2549778C2 - Method for increasing protein food value of maize silage - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to fodder production, in particular to a method for increasing protein food value of maize silage. The method involves introduction of 1.4-1.6% carbamide-bentonite additive into maize green mass being ensilaged. The carbamide-bentonite additive consists of 38-44% of carbamide and 56-62% of bentonite from the Zyryanskoye deposit in the Kurgan Region.

EFFECT: invention usage will allow to improve maize silage quality and increase productivity of ruminant animals.

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Description

The present invention relates to feed production and can be used in the process of feeding ruminants.

A known method of increasing the protein nutritional value of corn silage by introducing synthetic nitrogen-containing substances into the green mass of corn. (Bulatov A.P., Elfimova M.N. Silage of corn with dry urea. Zootechny, 1995, No. 4. - P.24-25). The specified method involves the introduction of 6 kg of dry urea (urea) per 1 ton of green mass of corn. 1 kg of this silo contained: 0.34 feed, unit, 34 g of digestible protein, which is 26% more than in the control silo. The disadvantage of using this method is that in the process of harvesting and storing silage, losses of 15-20% of urea nitrogen (urea) occur. In addition, cell juice is lost during storage of the silo.

A known method of reducing losses of dry matter and cell juice during storage of corn silage by making bentonite clay. (Kokov T.N., Zekhov Z.Kh. Use of bentonite clay in siloing. Materials of the scientific-practical conference of KBSHA. Nalchik - KBGSHA. - 1996. - P.129-132). The addition of 10 kg of bentonite clay to 1 ton of corn silage reduces the loss of dry matter by 2.4%, organic matter by 2.0%, increases the protein content by 0.8%, nitrogen-free extractive substances by 1.1%, ash by 0.4%. However, the disadvantage of this method is that only the nutrients of the initial green mass are retained in the silo, but the nutritional value of the silo does not change significantly.

The objective of the invention is to increase the protein nutritional value and the quality of corn silage by increasing the protein content and reducing the loss of nutrients during storage.

The present problem is solved in that in order to increase the protein nutritional value of corn silage, 1.4-1.6% (by weight of raw material) of a urea-bentonite additive (CBD) consisting of 38-44% of urea and 56- 62% of bentonite of the Zyryansky deposit of the Kurgan region. After maturation of the silo, its nutritional value was evaluated (Table 1).

As can be seen from the table, the introduction of urea-bentonite additives in the silage increased the content of metabolic energy by 21.34%, crude protein by 51.76, and digestible protein by 83.21%, compared with corn silage prepared using conventional technology . The content of minerals and vitamins in the experimental silo is higher: phosphorus - by 16.67%, manganese - by 2.5 times, copper - by 92.31%, carotene - by 10.00, vitamin Ε - by 21.16, vitamin D - by 21.18%, compared with the control silo.

To determine the digestibility coefficients, a balance experiment was conducted on the rams by the direct method. Based on the chemical composition of feed, feed residues and feces, the digestibility coefficients of nutrients were determined (Table 2).

table 2 The digestibility ratios of nutrients,% Indicator Silage corn CBD corn Dry matter 63.01 ± 0.83 63.84 ± 0.45 Organic matter 65.84 ± 0.57 69.11 ± 0.48 * Crude protein 56.44 ± 1.60 68.10 ± 1.30 ** Crude fiber 54.84 ± 1.09 55.92 ± 0.87 Crude fat 63.60 ± 1.80 65.88 ± 2.10 Bev 75.68 ± 0.82 80.25 ± 0.40 **

Animals better digested the nutrients of corn silage with CBD: organic matter - by 3.27%, protein - by 11.66% and BEV - by 4.57%. The digestibility ratios of dry matter, fiber and fat were the same for both types of silage.

Feeding corn silage with urea-bentonite additive for three months contributed to an increase in average daily gain in live weight by 7.62% (Table 3).

Table 3 Dynamics of live weight of rams, kg Indicator Group control experienced Live weight at the age of 7 months. 39.85 ± 0.51 39.10 ± 0.26 Live weight at the age of 10 months. 53.12 ± 0.61 53.42 ± 0.19 Absolute increase 13.27 ± 0.61 14.32 ± 0.07 ** The average daily sprout, g 144.33 ± 1.45 155.33 ± 0.88 **

Feeding corn silage with CBD increased the milk production of cows and the profitability of milk production. Table 4 shows milk production efficiency data.

As can be seen from the table, the costs of ECE per 1 kg of milk, when feeding a silo with CBD, is 15.04% less, and the cost of milk is less by 0.53 r. or 8.72%. The purchase price of milk, taking into account the content of fat and protein obtained from cows that consumed an experienced silo, was 0.41 r more. or 4.88%.

Table 4 Milk production efficiency Indicator Group control (diet with corn silage) experimental (diet with corn silage with CBD) Daily milk yield, kg 13.44 14.66 Fat content,% 3.89 4.20 The protein content,% 3.14 3.21 ECE costs per 1 kg of milk with a fat content of 4.0% 1.13 0.96 Cost of 1 kg of milk, r. 6.08 5.55 Selling price, p. 8.40 8.81 Profitability,% 38.16 58.74

In this regard, the profitability of milk production in cows of the experimental group was 58.74%, which is 20.58% more than in cows that consumed ordinary corn silage.

Thus, the introduction of urea-bentonite additive during maize silage increases the protein nutrition of silage and the digestibility ratios of nutrients. Feeding corn silage with a urea-bentonite additive to ruminants increases their meat and milk productivity.

Claims (1)

A method of increasing the protein nutritional value of corn silage, including the addition of 1.4-1.6% urea-bentonite additive to the silica green mass of corn, while the urea-bentonite additive consists of 38-44% of urea and 56-62% of bentonite from the Zyryansk deposit in the Kurgan region .