CN115869191A - Pill preparation device - Google Patents
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- CN115869191A CN115869191A CN202211437381.0A CN202211437381A CN115869191A CN 115869191 A CN115869191 A CN 115869191A CN 202211437381 A CN202211437381 A CN 202211437381A CN 115869191 A CN115869191 A CN 115869191A
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Abstract
A pill preparation device relates to a traditional Chinese medicine pill preparation device. The pill preparation device aims to solve the problems of poor surface quality and pill preparation efficiency of the pill preparation device. The pill preparation device comprises the primary forming barrel and the secondary hoisting machine, the arrangement of the primary forming barrel enables the pill strip section to gradually form spherical raw materials under horizontal rolling and vertical rolling, the processing efficiency is high, and the surface quality and the roundness can be ensured to be good. The secondary forming device can realize the separation of spherical raw materials with poor roundness, spherical raw materials with good roundness and crushed materials, and meanwhile, the spherical raw materials with poor roundness can be directly secondarily processed to obtain qualified spherical raw materials with good roundness, and the crushed materials are directly returned to the extruder for recycling. The pill preparation device ensures the surface quality and roundness of pills, improves the compactness of the pills and obviously improves the working efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a pill preparation device.
Background
In the process of developing traditional Chinese medicine and Chinese pharmacology, many traditional Chinese medicine formulations including decoction, pills, powder, paste, pellets, medicated wine, suppository and the like appear. Wherein, the pill is characterized by slow treatment of chronic diseases, slow release of drastic drugs, easy taking, easy carrying and the like, and the combination technology of the pill is gradually improved. The composition, pharmacodynamic action and morphology of pills are recorded in the book of traditional Chinese medicine classic, such as Shennong Ben Cao Jing and Huangdi Nei Jing. The pill is a spherical or sphere-like solid preparation prepared from the traditional Chinese medicine raw materials and auxiliary materials; the pill can be honeyed pill, watered pill, paste pill, concentrated pill, etc. The honeyed pill is a pill which is widely used clinically and is suitable for chronic diseases, weak diseases and the like. The excipient added into the water-bindered pills has low viscosity, is easy to disintegrate and is fast to absorb, and the water-bindered pills are also pills with more clinical applications. The paste pill is flexibly adapted to various prescriptions and is more flexible to use. The concentrated pill has small volume, high content of effective components, small dosage, easy taking and carrying, and convenient transportation, and is a better dosage form in pills.
The pill has a general size of 4-12mm, and the conventional preparation method comprises a general preparation method, a plastic preparation method and a dripping preparation method. The preparation method adopts a rotating container or machine to alternately wet and scatter the medicinal fine powder and the excipient, and the medicinal fine powder and the excipient are continuously rolled and gradually enlarged to prepare the pill. The plastic preparation method comprises adding appropriate amount of binder into the medicinal fine powder, mixing, making into pill with large plasticity, making into pill strip, grading, and kneading into round pill. The dripping method is that the medicinal material or the extract of the medicinal material and the chemical substance are prepared into solution or suspension, and the solution or suspension is dripped into an immiscible liquid coolant and condensed into pills. The plastic preparation method is a main production method for producing pills by Chinese medicine enterprises in China, and can be summarized as mixing, refining, pelleting and forming, wet pill drying and polishing coating, the quality of the pills after forming depends on the influences of factors such as medicinal material properties, raw material composition, whether pelleting devices relate to reasonability and the like, and the rough surface, the fragmentation, the umbilicus points or depressions, poor roundness and the like of the pills are common problems influencing the pelleting efficiency and quality in the prior art. Patent CN105726315a discloses a dual-channel traditional Chinese medicine pill making machine, after raw materials are mixed and refined, a strip-shaped material is made by a strip discharging device, and then the material strips are kneaded into balls by using rubbing wheels, each pair of rubbing wheels are mutually dislocated, translated and rotated in the process of balling, so that each material strip is kneaded into balls, the balling method has high efficiency, but because plastic materials are rapidly extruded into balls in the forming process, the plastic materials are easily crushed in kneading, and the compactness cannot be ensured. Patent CN203291241U discloses a pill coating machine, include the organism that comprises frame, lower barrel, upper cylinder and plenum, be equipped with rotating device in the organism, the fixed disk, the device of adding powder, atomizer, elevating gear, discharging device and awl barrel, the installation carousel is gone up in rotating device's the axis of rotation, elevating gear becomes movable connection with the awl barrel, be equipped with the guide plate in the awl barrel, the awl barrel forms a barrel with the carousel, be equipped with the air intake on the lower barrel, be equipped with updraft ventilator on the plenum, be equipped with the filter bag in the plenum. The patent CN203291241U is manufactured by a centrifugal rolling method, and has the problems that the adhesion and mutual collision of pills are easy to occur, and the surface quality, the roundness and the like of the pills are influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a pill preparation device which can improve the surface quality and improve the pill making efficiency.
The pill preparation device comprises a crushed material lifter, an extruder, a pill strip belt conveyor, a cutting mechanism, a raw material lifter, a primary forming cylinder, a secondary lifter, a secondary forming device, a material collecting box and a crushed material belt conveyor;
the section of the primary forming cylinder is oval, the primary forming cylinder is vertically arranged, an oval ring is arranged on the inner wall of the lower part of the primary forming cylinder, and a plurality of sieve holes are formed in the oval ring; a vertical rotating shaft is arranged at the upper part of the center of the one-step forming cylinder, a one-step forming air pipe is arranged below the center of the one-step forming cylinder, and an air outlet of the one-step forming air pipe faces the center of the one-step forming cylinder; the side part of the primary forming cylinder is provided with a primary forming motor, an output shaft of the primary forming motor is provided with a primary forming cylinder driving gear, the outer wall of the primary forming cylinder is provided with a primary forming cylinder gear ring, and the primary forming cylinder gear ring is meshed with the primary forming cylinder driving gear; a rotating shaft fixing seat is arranged above the primary forming cylinder, the rotating shaft fixing seat is fixed at one end of a transverse support, the other end of the transverse support is fixed at the upper end of a vertical support, the lower end of the vertical support is fixed on a primary forming cylinder support, and the upper end of a rotating shaft is arranged in a bearing in the rotating shaft fixing seat;
the secondary forming device is composed of a material blocking barrel and a secondary forming barrel, the material blocking barrel is a conical barrel, two ends of the material blocking barrel are both open, and a larger port of the material blocking barrel is arranged downwards; a feed inlet is formed on the material blocking barrel; the secondary forming cylinder is a conical cylinder, two ends of the secondary forming cylinder are open, a larger port of the secondary forming cylinder is arranged towards the material blocking cylinder, the larger port of the secondary forming cylinder is arranged inside the larger port of the material blocking cylinder, a secondary forming cylinder rotating shaft is arranged at the lower end of the secondary forming cylinder, the secondary forming cylinder rotating shaft is a hollow cylinder and is communicated with the secondary forming cylinder, a secondary forming cylinder gear ring is arranged outside the secondary forming cylinder rotating shaft, a secondary forming motor is arranged on the side part of the secondary forming cylinder, a secondary forming cylinder driving gear is arranged on an output shaft of the secondary forming motor, and the secondary forming cylinder gear ring is meshed with the secondary forming cylinder driving gear; a vertical secondary forming air pipe is arranged below the secondary forming cylinder rotating shaft, and an air outlet of the secondary forming air pipe faces to the center of the secondary forming cylinder rotating shaft; a horizontal transverse air pipe is arranged above the upper port of the material blocking barrel; the secondary forming motor is fixed on a secondary forming device support below the secondary forming device, the secondary forming device support is provided with a secondary forming barrel fixing seat, a bearing is arranged in the secondary forming barrel fixing seat, a secondary forming barrel rotating shaft is arranged in the bearing in the secondary forming barrel fixing seat, and the material blocking barrel is fixed on the secondary forming device support through a material blocking barrel support;
the crushing elevator is arranged on the feeding side of the extruder, a first chute is arranged at a discharge port of the crushing elevator, a discharge port of the first chute faces to a feed port of the extruder, and a discharge port of the extruder is arranged above the front section of the pellet strip belt conveyor; a cutting mechanism is arranged above the rear section of the shot strip belt conveyor, the cutting mechanism consists of a blade shaft and a plurality of blades, and the plurality of blades are annularly arrayed on the circumferential surface of the blade shaft; a raw material lifting machine is arranged at the discharge end of the pill strip belt conveyor, a second chute is arranged at a discharge opening of the raw material lifting machine, a discharge opening of the second chute faces a feed opening at the upper end of the primary forming cylinder, a fifth chute is arranged below a discharge opening at the lower end of the primary forming cylinder, a discharge opening of the fifth chute faces a feed opening of the secondary lifting machine, a third chute is arranged at the discharge opening of the secondary lifting machine, and a discharge opening of the third chute faces the feed opening; the material collecting box is arranged on one side of the secondary forming device, a fourth chute is arranged above the material collecting box, and a feed inlet of the fourth chute faces to an upper port of the material blocking barrel; a horizontal crushed aggregate belt conveyor is arranged below the secondary forming device, and the discharge end of the crushed aggregate belt conveyor faces towards the feed inlet of the crushed aggregate elevator.
The method for preparing the pill by using the pill preparation device comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of adding raw materials into an extruder to mix and extrude the raw materials to obtain pill strips, conveying the pill strips to the position below a cutting mechanism by using a pill strip belt conveyor, enabling the cutting mechanism to rotate and cutting the pill strips into multiple sections of pill strip sections by using a blade, conveying the pill strip sections into a primary forming barrel to perform primary forming, enabling the primary forming barrel to rotate under the driving of a primary forming motor, blowing constant high-pressure gas into the center of the primary forming barrel by using a primary forming air pipe, enabling the pill strip sections in the primary forming barrel to horizontally roll along the inner wall of the primary forming barrel under the action of the high-pressure gas and centrifugal force, and enabling the pill strip sections to generate different centrifugal forces in the rotation process of the primary forming barrel due to the fact that the section of the primary forming barrel is oval, so that friction forces between the pill strip sections and the inner wall of the primary forming barrel are changed, and the pill strip sections can vertically roll; the pellet sections gradually form spherical raw materials under horizontal rolling and vertical rolling; after the spherical raw materials reach the granularity, reducing the air pressure of the primary forming air pipe to enable the qualified spherical raw materials to pass through the sieve pores, and conveying the raw materials into a secondary forming device for secondary forming and screening;
in the secondary forming device, the secondary forming cylinder is driven by a secondary forming motor to rotate, high-pressure air is blown upwards into the secondary forming cylinder by a secondary forming air pipe, transverse high-pressure air is blown to the upper end opening of the material blocking cylinder by a transverse air pipe, spherical raw materials with good roundness rise under the action of the high-pressure air and rise to the upper end opening of the material blocking cylinder after entering the secondary forming cylinder, and then fall into a fourth chute and a material collecting box under the action of the transverse high-pressure air; the spherical raw material with poor roundness deflects and rolls along the inner wall of the secondary forming cylinder, and because the inner wall of the secondary forming cylinder is an inclined plane, the spherical raw material with poor roundness can simultaneously roll along the inclined plane and horizontally roll, and after the spherical raw material with poor roundness is good, the spherical raw material can be discharged from the upper end opening of the material blocking cylinder and enters the material collecting box; broken materials generated by the spherical raw materials in the conveying process can be discharged through a gap between the secondary forming cylinder and the material blocking cylinder by high-pressure air and fall on the broken material belt conveyor, and finally conveyed into the extruder for secondary processing.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the pill preparation device has the characteristic of high automation degree, and is simple in structure and high in practicability. The arrangement of the one-step forming barrel enables the pellet section to gradually form spherical raw materials under horizontal rolling and vertical rolling, so that the processing efficiency is high, and the surface quality and the roundness are good. The secondary forming device can realize the separation of spherical raw materials with poor roundness, spherical raw materials with good roundness and broken materials, meanwhile, the spherical raw materials with poor roundness can be directly secondarily processed to obtain the qualified spherical raw materials with good roundness, and the broken materials are directly returned to the extruder for recycling, so that the secondary forming device further ensures the surface quality and roundness of pills, improves the compactness of the pills, and remarkably improves the working efficiency.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a pellet preparation apparatus of example 1;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the primary forming drum;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the secondary molding apparatus.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments listed below, and any reasonable combination of the specific embodiments is included.
The first specific implementation way is as follows: the pill preparation device of the embodiment is composed of a crushing lifter 1, an extruder 4, a pill belt conveyor 6, a cutting mechanism, a raw material lifter 9, a primary forming cylinder 13, a secondary lifter 16, a secondary forming device, a material collecting box 23 and a crushing belt conveyor 39;
the section of the primary forming cylinder 13 is oval, the primary forming cylinder 13 is vertically arranged, an oval ring 40 is arranged on the inner wall of the lower part of the primary forming cylinder 13, and a plurality of sieve holes 41 are formed in the oval ring 40; a vertical rotating shaft 12 is arranged at the upper part of the center of the primary forming cylinder 13, a primary forming air pipe 35 is arranged below the center of the primary forming cylinder 13, and an air outlet of the primary forming air pipe 35 faces the center of the primary forming cylinder 13; a one-step forming motor 37 is arranged at the side part of the one-step forming cylinder 13, a one-step forming cylinder driving gear 38 is arranged on an output shaft of the one-step forming motor 37, a one-step forming cylinder gear ring 36 is arranged on the outer wall of the one-step forming cylinder 13, and the one-step forming cylinder gear ring 36 is meshed with the one-step forming cylinder driving gear 38; a rotating shaft fixing seat 11 is arranged above the primary forming cylinder 13, the rotating shaft fixing seat 11 is fixed at one end of a transverse support 14, the other end of the transverse support 14 is fixed at the upper end of a vertical support 15, the lower end of the vertical support 15 is fixed on a primary forming cylinder support 33, and the upper end of a rotating shaft 12 is arranged in a bearing in the rotating shaft fixing seat 11;
the secondary forming device is composed of a material blocking cylinder 20 and a secondary forming cylinder 21, the material blocking cylinder 20 is a conical barrel, two ends of the material blocking cylinder 20 are both open, and a larger port of the material blocking cylinder 20 is arranged downwards; the feed inlet 19 is arranged on the feed stopping barrel 20; the secondary forming cylinder 21 is a conical barrel, two ends of the secondary forming cylinder 21 are both open, a larger port of the secondary forming cylinder 21 is arranged towards the material blocking cylinder 20, the larger port of the secondary forming cylinder 21 is arranged inside the larger port of the material blocking cylinder 20, a secondary forming cylinder rotating shaft 32 is arranged at the lower end of the secondary forming cylinder 21, the secondary forming cylinder rotating shaft 32 is a hollow cylinder and is communicated with the secondary forming cylinder 21, a secondary forming cylinder gear ring 31 is arranged outside the secondary forming cylinder rotating shaft 32, a secondary forming motor 27 is arranged on the side portion of the secondary forming cylinder 21, a secondary forming cylinder driving gear 30 is arranged on an output shaft of the secondary forming motor 27, and the secondary forming cylinder gear ring 31 is meshed with the secondary forming cylinder driving gear 30; a vertical secondary forming air pipe 26 is arranged below the secondary forming cylinder rotating shaft 32, and an air outlet of the secondary forming air pipe 26 faces to the center of the secondary forming cylinder rotating shaft 32; a horizontal transverse air pipe 18 is arranged above the upper port of the material blocking barrel 20; the secondary forming motor 27 is fixed on a secondary forming device support 24 below the secondary forming device, the secondary forming device support 24 is provided with a secondary forming cylinder fixing seat 25, a bearing is arranged in the secondary forming cylinder fixing seat 25, a secondary forming cylinder rotating shaft 32 is arranged in the bearing in the secondary forming cylinder fixing seat 25, and the material blocking cylinder 20 is fixed on the secondary forming device support 24 through a material blocking cylinder support 28;
the crushing elevator 1 is arranged on the feeding side of the extruder 4, a first chute 2 is arranged at a discharge port of the crushing elevator 1, a discharge port of the first chute 2 faces to a feed port 3 of the extruder, and an extruder discharge port 5 of the extruder 4 is arranged above the front section of the pellet strip belt conveyor 6; a cutting mechanism is arranged above the rear section of the shot strip belt conveyor 6, the cutting mechanism is composed of a blade shaft 8 and a plurality of blades 7, and the plurality of blades 7 are annularly arrayed on the circumferential surface of the blade shaft 8; a raw material lifting machine 9 is arranged at the discharge end of the pill strip belt conveyor 6, a second chute 10 is arranged at the discharge opening of the raw material lifting machine 9, the discharge opening of the second chute 10 faces the upper end feed opening of the primary forming barrel 13, a fifth chute 34 is arranged below the lower end discharge opening of the primary forming barrel 13, the discharge opening of the fifth chute 34 faces the feed opening of the secondary lifting machine 16, a third chute 17 is arranged at the discharge opening of the secondary lifting machine 16, and the discharge opening of the third chute 17 faces the feed opening 19; the material collecting box 23 is arranged at one side of the secondary forming device, a fourth chute 22 is arranged above the material collecting box 23, and a feed inlet of the fourth chute 22 faces to an upper port of the material blocking barrel 20; a horizontal crushed aggregate belt conveyor 39 is arranged below the secondary forming device, and the discharge end of the crushed aggregate belt conveyor 39 faces the feed inlet of the crushed aggregate elevator 1.
The embodiment has the following beneficial effects: the pill preparation device has the characteristics of high automation degree, simple device structure and strong practicability. The arrangement of the one-step forming barrel 13 enables the pellet section to gradually form spherical raw materials under horizontal rolling and vertical rolling, so that the processing efficiency is high, and the surface quality and the roundness are good.
The secondary forming device can realize the separation of the spherical raw material with poor roundness, the spherical raw material with good roundness and the crushed material, and simultaneously can directly carry out secondary processing on the spherical raw material with poor roundness to the spherical raw material with good qualified roundness, and the crushed material is directly returned to the extruder 4 for repeated use, so that the secondary forming device further ensures the surface quality and the roundness of the pills, improves the compactness of the pills, and obviously improves the working efficiency.
The second embodiment is as follows: the first difference between the present embodiment and the specific embodiment is: the one-shot forming motor 37 is fixed to the one-shot forming drum support 33 below the one-shot forming drum 13.
The third concrete implementation mode: the present embodiment differs from the first or second embodiment in that: the rotating shaft 12 is connected with the inner wall of the primary forming cylinder 13 through connecting rods 29, and the connecting rods 29 are radially arranged around the rotating shaft 12.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment mode and one of the first to third embodiment modes is: the diameter of the sieve holes 41 is 4-12mm.
The fifth concrete implementation mode is as follows: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to fourth embodiments is: and the air inlet end of the transverse air pipe 18, the air inlet end of the secondary forming air pipe 26 and the air inlet end of the primary forming air pipe 35 are respectively connected with an air blower.
The sixth specific implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to fifth embodiments is: the crushed material hoister 1, the raw material hoister 9 and the secondary hoister 16 are bucket elevators.
The seventh concrete implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to sixth embodiments is: the extruder 4 is a screw extruder.
The specific implementation mode is eight: the method of the present embodiment for preparing pellets using a pellet preparation apparatus is performed according to the following steps:
adding the raw materials into an extruder 4, mixing and extruding to obtain pill strips, conveying the pill strips to the lower part of a cutting mechanism by using a pill strip belt conveyor 6, rotating the cutting mechanism, cutting the pill strips into a plurality of pill strip sections by using a blade 7, conveying the pill strips into a primary forming barrel 13 for primary forming, driving the primary forming barrel 13 to rotate by using a primary forming motor 37, blowing constant high-pressure gas into the center of the primary forming barrel 13 by using a primary forming air pipe 35, and horizontally rolling and vertically rolling the pill strip sections in the primary forming barrel 13 along the inner wall of the primary forming barrel 13 under the action of the high-pressure gas and centrifugal force; the pellet section gradually forms spherical raw materials under horizontal rolling and vertical rolling; after the spherical raw materials reach the granularity, reducing the air pressure of the primary forming air pipe 35 to enable the qualified spherical raw materials to pass through the sieve pores 41, and conveying the raw materials into a secondary forming device for secondary forming and screening;
in the secondary forming device, the secondary forming cylinder 21 is driven by a secondary forming motor 27 to rotate, meanwhile, a secondary forming air pipe 26 blows high-pressure air upwards into the secondary forming cylinder 21, a transverse air pipe 18 blows transverse high-pressure air towards the upper port of the material blocking cylinder 20, spherical raw materials enter the secondary forming cylinder 21, the spherical raw materials with good roundness rise under the action of the high-pressure air and rise to the upper port of the material blocking cylinder 20, and then fall into a fourth chute 22 and a material collecting box 23 under the action of the transverse high-pressure air; the spherical raw material with poor roundness deflects and rolls along the inner wall of the secondary forming cylinder 21, and when the roundness of the spherical raw material with poor roundness is good, the spherical raw material is discharged from the upper port of the material blocking cylinder 20 and enters a material collecting box 23; broken materials generated by the spherical raw materials in the conveying process are discharged through a gap between the secondary forming cylinder 21 and the material blocking cylinder 20 by high-pressure air and fall on the broken material belt conveyor 39, and finally conveyed into the extruder 4 for secondary processing.
The pill preparation device has the characteristics of high automation degree, simple device structure and strong practicability. The arrangement of the one-step forming barrel 13 enables the pellet section to gradually form spherical raw materials under horizontal rolling and vertical rolling, so that the processing efficiency is high, and the surface quality and the roundness are good.
The secondary forming device can realize the separation of the spherical raw material with poor roundness, the spherical raw material with good roundness and the crushed material, and simultaneously can directly carry out secondary processing on the spherical raw material with poor roundness to the spherical raw material with good qualified roundness, and the crushed material is directly returned to the extruder 4 for repeated use, so that the secondary forming device further ensures the surface quality and the roundness of the pills, improves the compactness of the pills, and obviously improves the working efficiency.
The present embodiment is explained with reference to fig. 1.
The pill preparation device of the embodiment is composed of a crushing elevator 1, an extruder 4, a pill belt conveyor 6, a cutting mechanism, a raw material elevator 9, a primary forming cylinder 13, a secondary elevator 16, a secondary forming device, a material collecting box 23 and a crushing belt conveyor 39, wherein the extruder 4 is a screw extruder;
the section of the primary forming cylinder 13 is oval, the primary forming cylinder 13 is vertically arranged, an oval ring 40 is arranged on the inner wall of the lower part of the primary forming cylinder 13, a plurality of sieve holes 41 are formed in the oval ring 40, the diameters of the sieve holes 41 are 6mm, a vertical rotating shaft 12 is arranged at the upper part of the center of the primary forming cylinder 13, the rotating shaft 12 is connected with the inner wall of the primary forming cylinder 13 through a connecting rod 29, and the connecting rods 29 are radially arranged around the rotating shaft 12; a primary forming air pipe 35 is arranged below the center of the primary forming cylinder 13, and an air outlet of the primary forming air pipe 35 faces the center of the primary forming cylinder 13; a one-step forming motor 37 is arranged at the side part of the one-step forming cylinder 13, the one-step forming motor 37 is fixed on the one-step forming cylinder support 33 below the one-step forming cylinder 13, a one-step forming cylinder driving gear 38 is arranged on an output shaft of the one-step forming motor 37, a one-step forming cylinder gear ring 36 is arranged on the outer wall of the one-step forming cylinder 13, and the one-step forming cylinder gear ring 36 is meshed with the one-step forming cylinder driving gear 38; a rotating shaft fixing seat 11 is arranged above the primary forming cylinder 13, the rotating shaft fixing seat 11 is fixed at one end of a transverse support 14, the other end of the transverse support 14 is fixed at the upper end of a vertical support 15, the lower end of the vertical support 15 is fixed on a primary forming cylinder support 33, and the upper end of a rotating shaft 12 is arranged in a bearing in the rotating shaft fixing seat 11;
the secondary forming device is composed of a material blocking cylinder 20 and a secondary forming cylinder 21, the material blocking cylinder 20 is a conical barrel, two ends of the material blocking cylinder 20 are both open, and a larger port of the material blocking cylinder 20 is arranged downwards; the feed inlet 19 is arranged on the feed stopping barrel 20; the secondary forming cylinder 21 is a conical cylinder, two ends of the secondary forming cylinder 21 are both open, a larger port of the secondary forming cylinder 21 is arranged towards the material blocking cylinder 20, the larger port of the secondary forming cylinder 21 is arranged inside the larger port of the material blocking cylinder 20, a secondary forming cylinder rotating shaft 32 is arranged at the lower end of the secondary forming cylinder 21, the secondary forming cylinder rotating shaft 32 is a hollow cylinder and is communicated with the secondary forming cylinder 21, a secondary forming cylinder gear ring 31 is arranged outside the secondary forming cylinder rotating shaft 32, a secondary forming motor 27 is arranged on the side portion of the secondary forming cylinder 21, a secondary forming cylinder driving gear 30 is arranged on an output shaft of the secondary forming motor 27, and the secondary forming cylinder gear ring 31 is meshed with the secondary forming cylinder driving gear 30; a vertical secondary forming air pipe 26 is arranged below the secondary forming cylinder rotating shaft 32, and an air outlet of the secondary forming air pipe 26 faces to the center of the secondary forming cylinder rotating shaft 32; a horizontal transverse air pipe 18 is arranged above the upper port of the material blocking barrel 20; the secondary forming motor 27 is fixed on a secondary forming device support 24 below the secondary forming device, the secondary forming device support 24 is provided with a secondary forming cylinder fixing seat 25, a bearing is arranged in the secondary forming cylinder fixing seat 25, a secondary forming cylinder rotating shaft 32 is arranged in the bearing in the secondary forming cylinder fixing seat 25, and the material blocking cylinder 20 is fixed on the secondary forming device support 24 through a material blocking cylinder support 28; the air inlet end of the transverse air pipe 18, the air inlet end of the secondary forming air pipe 26 and the air inlet end of the primary forming air pipe 35 are respectively connected with a blower; the crushed material hoister 1, the raw material hoister 9 and the secondary hoister 16 are bucket elevators;
the scrap elevator 1 is arranged on the feeding side of the extruder 4, a first chute 2 is arranged at a discharge opening of the scrap elevator 1, a discharge opening of the first chute 2 faces to a feeding opening 3 of the extruder, and an extruder discharge opening 5 of the extruder 4 is arranged above the front section of the pellet belt conveyor 6; a cutting mechanism is arranged above the rear section of the shot strip belt conveyor 6, the cutting mechanism is composed of a blade shaft 8 and a plurality of blades 7, and the plurality of blades 7 are annularly arrayed on the circumferential surface of the blade shaft 8; a raw material lifting machine 9 is arranged at the discharge end of the pill strip belt conveyor 6, a second chute 10 is arranged at the discharge opening of the raw material lifting machine 9, the discharge opening of the second chute 10 faces the upper end feed opening of the primary forming barrel 13, a fifth chute 34 is arranged below the lower end discharge opening of the primary forming barrel 13, the discharge opening of the fifth chute 34 faces the feed opening of the secondary lifting machine 16, a third chute 17 is arranged at the discharge opening of the secondary lifting machine 16, and the discharge opening of the third chute 17 faces the feed opening 19; the material collecting box 23 is arranged at one side of the secondary forming device, a fourth chute 22 is arranged above the material collecting box 23, and a feed inlet of the fourth chute 22 faces to an upper port of the material blocking barrel 20; a horizontal crushed aggregate belt conveyor 39 is arranged below the secondary forming device, and the discharge end of the crushed aggregate belt conveyor 39 faces the feed inlet of the crushed aggregate elevator 1.
A method of making a pellet using a pellet making apparatus:
adding raw materials into an extruder 4, mixing and extruding to obtain pills, conveying the pills to the position below a cutting mechanism by using a pill belt conveyor 6, rotating the cutting mechanism, cutting the pills into a plurality of sections of pill sections by using a blade 7, conveying the pills into a primary forming barrel 13 for primary forming, driving the primary forming barrel 13 to rotate by using a primary forming motor 37, blowing constant high-pressure gas into the center of the primary forming barrel 13 by using a primary forming air pipe 35, horizontally rolling the pill sections in the primary forming barrel 13 along the inner wall of the primary forming barrel 13 under the action of the high-pressure gas and centrifugal force, wherein the centrifugal force generated by the pill sections in the rotation process of the primary forming barrel 13 is different due to the oval section of the primary forming barrel 13, so that the friction force between the pill sections and the inner wall of the primary forming barrel 13 is changed, and the pill sections can vertically roll; the pellet section gradually forms spherical raw materials under horizontal rolling and vertical rolling, so that the processing efficiency is high, and the surface quality and the roundness can be ensured to be good; after the spherical raw materials reach the granularity, reducing the air pressure of the primary forming air pipe 35 to enable the qualified spherical raw materials to pass through the sieve pores 41 and be conveyed into a secondary forming device for secondary forming and screening;
in the secondary forming device, the secondary forming cylinder 21 is driven by a secondary forming motor 27 to rotate, meanwhile, a secondary forming air pipe 26 blows high-pressure air upwards into the secondary forming cylinder 21, a transverse air pipe 18 blows transverse high-pressure air towards the upper port of the material blocking cylinder 20, spherical raw materials enter the secondary forming cylinder 21, the spherical raw materials with good roundness rise under the action of the high-pressure air and rise to the upper port of the material blocking cylinder 20, and then fall into a fourth chute 22 and a material collecting box 23 under the action of the transverse high-pressure air; the spherical raw material with poor roundness deflects and rolls along the inner wall of the secondary forming cylinder 21, and because the inner wall of the secondary forming cylinder 21 is an inclined surface, the spherical raw material with poor roundness can simultaneously roll along the inclined surface and horizontally roll, and after the spherical raw material with poor roundness is good, the spherical raw material can be discharged from the upper end opening of the material blocking cylinder 20 and enters the material collecting box 23; broken materials generated by the spherical raw materials in the conveying process can be discharged through a gap between the secondary forming cylinder 21 and the material blocking cylinder 20 by high-pressure air and fall on the broken material belt conveyor 39, and finally conveyed into the extruder 4 for secondary processing. The secondary forming device can realize the separation of the spherical raw material with poor roundness, the spherical raw material with good roundness and the crushed material, and simultaneously can directly carry out secondary processing on the spherical raw material with poor roundness to the spherical raw material with good qualified roundness, and the crushed material is directly returned to the extruder 4 for repeated use, so that the secondary forming device further ensures the surface quality and the roundness of the pills, improves the compactness of the pills, and obviously improves the working efficiency.
The pellets prepared in this example were tested for particle size distribution as shown in table 1, and 3 groups were prepared in series, each group being prepared as 1000 pellets.
TABLE 1
Claims (8)
1. A pill preparation device, characterized in that: the pill preparation device is composed of a crushed material lifting machine (1), an extruder (4), a pill strip belt conveyor (6), a cutting mechanism, a raw material lifting machine (9), a primary forming cylinder (13), a secondary lifting machine (16), a secondary forming device, a material collecting box (23) and a crushed material belt conveyor (39);
the section of the primary forming cylinder (13) is oval, the primary forming cylinder (13) is vertically arranged, an oval ring (40) is arranged on the inner wall of the lower part of the primary forming cylinder (13), and a plurality of sieve holes (41) are formed in the oval ring (40); a vertical rotating shaft (12) is arranged at the upper part of the center of the primary forming cylinder (13), a primary forming air pipe (35) is arranged below the center of the primary forming cylinder (13), and an air outlet of the primary forming air pipe (35) faces the center of the primary forming cylinder (13); a one-time forming motor (37) is arranged at the side part of the one-time forming cylinder (13), a one-time forming cylinder driving gear (38) is arranged on an output shaft of the one-time forming motor (37), a one-time forming cylinder gear ring (36) is arranged on the outer wall of the one-time forming cylinder (13), and the one-time forming cylinder gear ring (36) is meshed with the one-time forming cylinder driving gear (38); a rotating shaft fixing seat (11) is arranged above the primary forming cylinder (13), the rotating shaft fixing seat (11) is fixed at one end of a transverse support (14), the other end of the transverse support (14) is fixed at the upper end of a vertical support (15), the lower end of the vertical support (15) is fixed on a primary forming cylinder support (33), and the upper end of a rotating shaft (12) is arranged in a bearing in the rotating shaft fixing seat (11);
the secondary forming device is composed of a material blocking cylinder (20) and a secondary forming cylinder (21), the material blocking cylinder (20) is a conical barrel, two ends of the material blocking cylinder (20) are both open, and a larger port of the material blocking cylinder (20) is arranged downwards; a feed inlet (19) is arranged on the material blocking barrel (20); the secondary forming barrel (21) is a conical barrel, two ends of the secondary forming barrel (21) are open, a larger port of the secondary forming barrel (21) is arranged towards the material blocking barrel (20), a larger port of the secondary forming barrel (21) is arranged inside the larger port of the material blocking barrel (20), a secondary forming barrel rotating shaft (32) is arranged at the lower end of the secondary forming barrel (21), the secondary forming barrel rotating shaft (32) is a hollow cylinder and communicated with the secondary forming barrel (21), a secondary forming barrel gear ring (31) is arranged outside the secondary forming barrel rotating shaft (32), a secondary forming motor (27) is arranged on the side part of the secondary forming barrel (21), a secondary forming barrel driving gear (30) is arranged on an output shaft of the secondary forming motor (27), and the secondary forming barrel gear ring (31) is meshed with the secondary forming barrel driving gear (30); a vertical secondary forming air pipe (26) is arranged below the secondary forming cylinder rotating shaft (32), and an air outlet of the secondary forming air pipe (26) faces to the center of the secondary forming cylinder rotating shaft (32); a horizontal transverse air pipe (18) is arranged above the upper port of the material blocking barrel (20); the secondary forming motor (27) is fixed on a secondary forming device support (24) below the secondary forming device, the secondary forming device support (24) is provided with a secondary forming cylinder fixing seat (25), a bearing is arranged in the secondary forming cylinder fixing seat (25), a secondary forming cylinder rotating shaft (32) is arranged in the bearing in the secondary forming cylinder fixing seat (25), and the material blocking cylinder (20) is fixed on the secondary forming device support (24) through a material blocking cylinder support (28);
the crushing elevator (1) is arranged on the feeding side of the extruder (4), a first chute (2) is arranged at a discharge opening of the crushing elevator (1), a discharge opening of the first chute (2) faces towards a feed opening (3) of the extruder, and an extruder discharge opening (5) of the extruder (4) is arranged above the front section of the pellet belt conveyor (6); a cutting mechanism is arranged above the rear section of the shot strip belt conveyor (6), the cutting mechanism is composed of a blade shaft (8) and a plurality of blades (7), and the plurality of blades (7) are annularly arrayed on the circumferential surface of the blade shaft (8); a raw material lifting machine (9) is arranged at the discharge end of the pill strip belt conveyor (6), a second chute (10) is arranged at the discharge outlet of the raw material lifting machine (9), the discharge outlet of the second chute (10) faces the upper end feed inlet of the primary forming barrel (13), a fifth chute (34) is arranged below the lower end discharge outlet of the primary forming barrel (13), the discharge outlet of the fifth chute (34) faces the feed inlet of the secondary lifting machine (16), a third chute (17) is arranged at the discharge outlet of the secondary lifting machine (16), and the discharge outlet of the third chute (17) faces the feed inlet (19); the material collecting box (23) is arranged on one side of the secondary forming device, a fourth chute (22) is arranged above the material collecting box (23), and a feed inlet of the fourth chute (22) faces to an upper port of the material blocking barrel (20); a horizontal crushed aggregate belt conveyor (39) is arranged below the secondary forming device, and the discharge end of the crushed aggregate belt conveyor (39) faces the feed inlet of the crushed aggregate elevator (1).
2. Pill preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the one-time forming motor (37) is fixed on the one-time forming cylinder support (33) below the one-time forming cylinder (13).
3. Pill preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rotating shaft (12) is connected with the inner wall of the primary forming cylinder (13) through connecting rods (29), and the connecting rods (29) are radially arranged around the rotating shaft (12).
4. Pill preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the diameter of the sieve holes (41) is 4-12mm.
5. Pill preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the air inlet end of the transverse air pipe (18), the air inlet end of the secondary forming air pipe (26) and the air inlet end of the primary forming air pipe (35) are respectively connected with an air blower.
6. Pill preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the crushed material hoister (1), the raw material hoister (9) and the secondary hoister (16) are bucket hoists.
7. Pill preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the extruder (4) is a screw extruder.
8. A method of making pellets using the pellet preparation apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
adding the raw materials into an extruder (4) for mixing and extruding to obtain pill strips, conveying the pill strips to the position below a cutting mechanism by using a pill strip belt conveyor (6), rotating the cutting mechanism, cutting the pill strips into multiple sections of pill strip sections by using a blade (7), conveying the pill strip sections into a primary forming barrel (13) for primary forming, driving the primary forming barrel (13) to rotate by using a primary forming motor (37), blowing constant high-pressure gas into the center of the primary forming barrel (13) by using a primary forming air pipe (35), and attaching the pill strip sections in the primary forming barrel (13) to the inner wall of the primary forming barrel (13) to horizontally and vertically roll under the action of the high-pressure gas and centrifugal force; the pellet section gradually forms spherical raw materials under horizontal rolling and vertical rolling; after the spherical raw materials reach the granularity, reducing the air pressure of a primary forming air pipe (35) to enable the qualified spherical raw materials to pass through a sieve hole (41), and conveying the raw materials into a secondary forming device for secondary forming and screening;
in the secondary forming device, a secondary forming cylinder (21) rotates under the drive of a secondary forming motor (27), meanwhile, a secondary forming air pipe (26) blows high-pressure air upwards into the secondary forming cylinder (21), a transverse air pipe (18) blows transverse high-pressure air to the upper end opening of a material blocking cylinder (20), spherical raw materials enter the secondary forming cylinder (21), the spherical raw materials with better roundness rise under the action of the high-pressure air and rise to the upper end opening of the material blocking cylinder (20), and then fall into a fourth chute (22) and a material collecting box (23) under the action of the transverse high-pressure air; the spherical raw material with poor roundness deflects and rolls along the inner wall of the secondary forming cylinder (21), and when the spherical raw material with poor roundness has good roundness, the spherical raw material is discharged from the upper end opening of the material blocking cylinder (20) and enters a material collecting box (23); broken materials generated by the spherical raw materials in the conveying process are discharged from a gap between the secondary forming cylinder (21) and the material blocking cylinder (20) through high-pressure air and fall on a broken material belt conveyor (39), and finally conveyed to an extruder (4) for secondary processing.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211437381.0A CN115869191B (en) | 2022-11-16 | 2022-11-16 | Pill preparation device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211437381.0A CN115869191B (en) | 2022-11-16 | 2022-11-16 | Pill preparation device |
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| CN115869191A true CN115869191A (en) | 2023-03-31 |
| CN115869191B CN115869191B (en) | 2023-09-29 |
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Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006314768A (en) * | 2005-05-13 | 2006-11-24 | Soshun An | Pill maker |
| CN102113960A (en) * | 2011-04-15 | 2011-07-06 | 黄一清 | Method and device for preparing Chinese medicinal pill domestically |
| KR20130072074A (en) * | 2011-12-21 | 2013-07-01 | 권오익 | Manufacturing equipment of pill with porous plate |
| CN203291241U (en) * | 2013-03-07 | 2013-11-20 | 乌兰浩特中蒙制药有限公司 | Pelleting coating machine |
| CN105726315A (en) * | 2016-04-14 | 2016-07-06 | 刘毅 | Dual-channel traditional Chinese medicine pill making machine |
| CN212817206U (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2021-03-30 | 杭州市萧山区中医院 | Full-automatic pill making device |
| CN213406991U (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2021-06-11 | 连云港恒阳药业有限公司 | Medicinal centrifugal pill making machine |
| CN115055381A (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-09-16 | 重庆医药高等专科学校 | Pelletizing screening plant |
-
2022
- 2022-11-16 CN CN202211437381.0A patent/CN115869191B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006314768A (en) * | 2005-05-13 | 2006-11-24 | Soshun An | Pill maker |
| CN102113960A (en) * | 2011-04-15 | 2011-07-06 | 黄一清 | Method and device for preparing Chinese medicinal pill domestically |
| KR20130072074A (en) * | 2011-12-21 | 2013-07-01 | 권오익 | Manufacturing equipment of pill with porous plate |
| CN203291241U (en) * | 2013-03-07 | 2013-11-20 | 乌兰浩特中蒙制药有限公司 | Pelleting coating machine |
| CN105726315A (en) * | 2016-04-14 | 2016-07-06 | 刘毅 | Dual-channel traditional Chinese medicine pill making machine |
| CN212817206U (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2021-03-30 | 杭州市萧山区中医院 | Full-automatic pill making device |
| CN213406991U (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2021-06-11 | 连云港恒阳药业有限公司 | Medicinal centrifugal pill making machine |
| CN115055381A (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-09-16 | 重庆医药高等专科学校 | Pelletizing screening plant |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN115869191B (en) | 2023-09-29 |
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