CN115850358A - GalNAc簇亚磷酰胺和靶向治疗性核苷 - Google Patents
GalNAc簇亚磷酰胺和靶向治疗性核苷 Download PDFInfo
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- CN115850358A CN115850358A CN202310020185.1A CN202310020185A CN115850358A CN 115850358 A CN115850358 A CN 115850358A CN 202310020185 A CN202310020185 A CN 202310020185A CN 115850358 A CN115850358 A CN 115850358A
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- Prior art keywords
- integer
- conjugate
- group
- galnac
- alkylene
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- MBLBDJOUHNCFQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-acetyl-D-galactosamine Natural products CC(=O)NC(C=O)C(O)C(O)C(O)CO MBLBDJOUHNCFQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- OVRNDRQMDRJTHS-KEWYIRBNSA-N N-acetyl-D-galactosamine Chemical compound CC(=O)N[C@H]1C(O)O[C@H](CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O OVRNDRQMDRJTHS-KEWYIRBNSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 75
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 150000008300 phosphoramidites Chemical class 0.000 title description 12
- 239000002777 nucleoside Substances 0.000 title description 7
- 125000003835 nucleoside group Chemical group 0.000 title description 2
- 108091034117 Oligonucleotide Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- OVRNDRQMDRJTHS-CBQIKETKSA-N N-Acetyl-D-Galactosamine Chemical compound CC(=O)N[C@H]1[C@@H](O)O[C@H](CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O OVRNDRQMDRJTHS-CBQIKETKSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 108020004459 Small interfering RNA Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000008685 targeting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 23
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- MSWZFWKMSRAUBD-IVMDWMLBSA-N 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose Chemical group N[C@H]1C(O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O MSWZFWKMSRAUBD-IVMDWMLBSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- SHZGCJCMOBCMKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-mannomethylose Chemical group CC1OC(O)C(O)C(O)C1O SHZGCJCMOBCMKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-QTVWNMPRSA-N D-mannopyranose Chemical group OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-QTVWNMPRSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- PNNNRSAQSRJVSB-SLPGGIOYSA-N Fucose Chemical group C[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)C=O PNNNRSAQSRJVSB-SLPGGIOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- SHZGCJCMOBCMKK-DHVFOXMCSA-N L-fucopyranose Chemical group C[C@@H]1OC(O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O SHZGCJCMOBCMKK-DHVFOXMCSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-PHYPRBDBSA-N alpha-D-galactose Chemical group OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-PHYPRBDBSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- MSWZFWKMSRAUBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-D-galactosamine Chemical group NC1C(O)OC(CO)C(O)C1O MSWZFWKMSRAUBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229930182830 galactose Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
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- 125000002791 glucosyl group Chemical group C1([C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O1)CO)* 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002467 phosphate group Chemical group [H]OP(=O)(O[H])O[*] 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- RYYWUUFWQRZTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophosphoric acid Chemical group OP(O)(S)=O RYYWUUFWQRZTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OVBPIULPVIDEAO-LBPRGKRZSA-N folic acid Chemical group C=1N=C2NC(N)=NC(=O)C2=NC=1CNC1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 OVBPIULPVIDEAO-LBPRGKRZSA-N 0.000 claims 12
- OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 100676-05-9 Chemical group OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(OC(O)C(O)C2O)CO)O1 OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 6
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N Alpha-Lactose Chemical group O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N 0.000 claims 6
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Chemical group OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 claims 6
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N Maltose Chemical group O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N 0.000 claims 6
- OVBPIULPVIDEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pteroyl-L-glutaminsaeure Chemical group C=1N=C2NC(N)=NC(=O)C2=NC=1CNC1=CC=C(C(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 OVBPIULPVIDEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 6
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N beta-maltose Chemical group OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N 0.000 claims 6
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- OVRNDRQMDRJTHS-OZRXBMAMSA-N N-acetyl-beta-D-mannosamine Chemical group CC(=O)N[C@@H]1[C@H](O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O OVRNDRQMDRJTHS-OZRXBMAMSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical group OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- JLCPHMBAVCMARE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[5-(2-amino-6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)-3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[5-(2-amino-6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)-3-[[5-(2-amino-6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)-3-hydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methyl [5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl] hydrogen phosphate Polymers Cc1cn(C2CC(OP(O)(=O)OCC3OC(CC3OP(O)(=O)OCC3OC(CC3O)n3cnc4c3nc(N)[nH]c4=O)n3cnc4c3nc(N)[nH]c4=O)C(COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3CO)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cc(C)c(=O)[nH]c3=O)n3cc(C)c(=O)[nH]c3=O)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3cc(C)c(=O)[nH]c3=O)n3cnc4c3nc(N)[nH]c4=O)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)O2)c(=O)[nH]c1=O JLCPHMBAVCMARE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
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- ZXNLQLJANDBXLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl n-(8-hydroxyoctyl)carbamate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)NCCCCCCCCO ZXNLQLJANDBXLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003718 tetrahydrofuranyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001412 tetrahydropyranyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004853 tetrahydropyridinyl group Chemical group N1(CCCC=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005958 tetrahydrothienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004632 tetrahydrothiopyranyl group Chemical group S1C(CCCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明提供了包含一种或多种治疗性寡核苷酸例(如siRNA)和一种或多种靶向缀合化合物的寡核苷酸试剂。在一些实施方案中,所述缀合化合物包含一种或多种作为靶向基团的N‑乙酰半乳糖胺、支化基团(branching group)和连接基团。通过将长碳链并入GalNAc簇中(而不是使用多个酰胺基团)来延长链长,通过减少步骤数量的方式实现简化合成。
Description
本发明申请是基于申请日为2022年3月8日、申请号为202210230071.5、发明名称为“GalNAc簇亚磷酰胺和靶向治疗性核苷”的专利申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及使用碳水化合物缀合物递送治疗剂领域。特别地,本发明提供了新的碳水化合物缀合物和包含这些缀合物的iRNA试剂,它们有利于这些iRNA试剂的体内递送,以及适用于体内治疗用途的iRNA组合物。此外,本发明提供制备这些组合物的方法,以及使用这些组合物将这些iRNA试剂引入细胞的方法,例如用于治疗包括代谢性疾病或病患(如肝脏疾病或病患)在内的各种疾病症状。
背景技术
治疗剂的肝细胞靶向递送是治疗代谢、心血管和其他肝脏疾病的特别有吸引力的策略。去唾液酸糖蛋白受体(ASGP-R)在肝细胞上大量表达,而在肝外细胞上很少发现,这使其成为肝细胞靶向治疗的理想入口。已经阐明ASGPR的碳水化合物结合域,这使得有效结合剂的设计更加简单(Bioconjugate Chem.2017,28,283-295)。已经开发多种用于靶向ASGP-R的多价配体,这其中明确定义的多价N-乙酰D半乳糖胺(GalNAc)部分显示出高结合亲和力(J Am Chem Soc.2017,139,3528–3536)。最近,数个基于针对ASGP-R的GalNAc配体的基因传递系统显示出令人鼓舞的临床结果,并且FDA已批准与GalNAc偶联的siRNA用于肝病(Molecular Therapy,2020,28,1759-1771)。
反义寡核苷酸(ASO)和siRNA与互补的mRNA结合,并招募因子来降解靶mRNA以调节蛋白质表达,从而产生药理学反应(Nucleic Acids Research,2018,46,1584–1600)。第二代ASO通常是20个核苷酸长的硫代磷酸酯寡核苷酸,其包含一个10个核苷酸的DNA“缺口”并且末端用2'-O-甲基、2'-O-甲氧基乙基(MOE)或锁核酸(LNA)核苷酸修饰(Drug DiscoveryToday,2018,23,101-114)。有几种针对各种适应症的第二代ASO已进入临床,其中许多靶向主要在肝脏的肝细胞中表达的mRNA。最近,已经证明ASOs和siRNAs与三接头(tri-antennary)GalNAc配体的缀合可以提高肝细胞的效力(Molecular Therapy,2019,27,1547-1555)。已经评估了寡核苷酸3'-和5'-末端处的GalNAc缀合,并且它们在细胞和动物中均显著增强了效力(Bioconjugate Chem.2015,26,1451–1455)。
相关现有技术
WO2009/002944A1描述了一种与至少一种(优选双接头或三接头)碳水化合物配体缀合的iRNA试剂。所述碳水化合物缀合的iRNA试剂特别针对肝脏的实质细胞。
WO2015/042447A1描述了一系列支化基团,该支化基团上缀合有治疗性核苷剂和GalNAc配体。
WO2017084987A1描述了GalNAc亚磷酰胺衍生物,其可以在固相寡核苷酸合成中与核苷构件物一起作为构件物直接引入。
然而,合成合适的多价GalNAc配体并非易事,并且通常需要10多个化学反应步骤。在这里,我们通过引入长碳链创造新的结构来改进GalNAc配体,以实现更有效的合成;并且GalNAc偶联物具有更长的耐久性。
附图说明
图1A:GalNAc和寡核苷酸之间存没有间隔物(spacer)的GalNAc簇B001与GalNAc和寡核苷酸之间存在间隔物(spacer)阳性对照GalNAc簇B005,处理小鼠后的血浆ApoB水平。
图1B:GalNAc和寡核苷酸之间存存在间隔物(spacer)的本公开的GalNAc簇B003与阳性对照GalNAc簇B005,处理小鼠后的血浆ApoB水平。
图1C:本公开的GalNAc簇B003的结构。
图2A:本公开的GalNAc-ApoB反义缀合物B006(组3/4)和阳性对照GalNAc簇B005(组1/2)在两种剂量水平下的ApoB水平比较。
图2B:本公开的GalNAc-ApoB反义缀合物B007(组5/6)与两种剂量水平的阳性对照GalNAc簇B005(组1/2)之间的ApoB水平比较。
图2C:本公开的GalNAc-ApoB反义缀合物B008(组7/8)和阳性对照GalNAc簇B005(组1/2)在两种剂量水平下的ApoB水平比较。
图2D:本公开的GalNAc-ApoB反义缀合物B009(组9/10)和阳性对照GalNAc簇B005(组1/2)在两种剂量水平下的ApoB水平比较。
图2E:本公开的GalNAc-ApoB反义缀合物B011(组11/12)和阳性对照GalNAc簇B005(组1/2)在两种剂量水平下的ApoB水平比较。
图2F:本公开的GalNAc-ApoB反义缀合物B013(组13/14)和阳性对照GalNAc簇B005(组1/2)在两种剂量水平下的ApoB水平比较。
图2G:本公开的GalNAc-ApoB反义缀合物B015(组15/16)和阳性对照GalNAc簇B005(组1/2)在两种剂量水平下的ApoB水平比较。
图3:DNA/RNA合成仪上通用接头固相支持物寡核苷酸合成的标准合成循环。
发明内容
本发明涉及一系列缀合物、缀合的反义寡核苷酸试剂(其可用作治疗剂)、制备缀合物和缀合的反义寡核苷酸试剂的方法,以及包括使细胞与缀合的反义试剂接触以减少细胞中核酸转录物数量或活性的方法。
在某些实施方案中,本公开涉及具有式(I)结构的缀合物:
其中,
T是细胞靶向配体;
L1和L2各自独立地是栓系基团;
C是连接基团;
B是支化基团(branching group);
D是连接基团;
E是酯基;
A是siRNA的反义序列或信使链;
a为0或1;
b是1-5之间的整数;
c为1或2;
d为0或1。
在某些实施方案中,本公开还涉及具有双接头(di-antennary)、三接头(tri-antennary)、四接头(tetra-antennary)、五接头(penta-antennary)或六接头(hexa-antennary)细胞靶向配体的缀合物。
在某些实施方案中,本公开还涉及缀合的反义寡核苷酸试剂(其可用作治疗剂)、包含缀合物和反义或siRNA寡核苷酸的RNA试剂或DNA试剂。
在某些实施方案中,本公开还涉及制备缀合物的方法及其与寡核苷酸的缀合方法。
新的缀合物可以很容易地合成,并且它们很容易促进细胞靶向配体的结合以增加肝脏递送,或开辟新的途径在单个分子上偶联多个ASO以提高递送效率。
具体实施方式
缀合物结构
缀合物的一些实施方案包括式(I)的化合物:
其中,
T是细胞靶向配体;
L1和L2各自独立地是栓系基团;
C是连接基团;
B是支化基团;
D是连接基团;
E是酯基;
A是siRNA的反义序列或信使链;
a为0或1;
b是1-5之间的整数;
c为1或2。
在一些实施方案中,T选自对靶细胞上的至少一种类型的受体具有亲和力的结构。在一些实施方案中,T选自对哺乳动物肝细胞表面上的至少一种类型的受体具有亲和力的结构。在一些实施方案中,T是碳水化合物、碳水化合物衍生物、改性碳水化合物、多价碳水化合物簇、多糖、改性多糖或多糖衍生物。在一些实施方案中,每个T独立地是碳水化合物、氨基糖或硫代糖。例如,碳水化合物选自葡萄糖、甘露糖、半乳糖、岩藻糖。例如,氨基糖选自本领域已知的任何数量的化合物,例如葡糖胺、唾液酸、α-D-半乳糖胺、N-乙酰半乳糖胺、2-乙酰氨基-2-脱氧-D-吡喃半乳糖(GalNAc)、2-氨基-3-O-[(R)-1-羧乙基]-2-脱氧-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(β-胞壁酸)、2-脱氧-2-甲氨基-L-吡喃葡萄糖、4,6-二脱氧-4-甲酰胺基-2,3-二-O-甲基-D-吡喃甘露糖、2-脱氧-2-磺胺基-D-吡喃葡萄糖和N-磺基-D-葡萄糖胺和N-甘氨酰-α-神经氨酸。例如,硫代糖可以选自5-硫代-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖、2,3,4-三-O-乙酰-1-硫代-6-O-三苯甲基-α-D-甲基吡喃葡萄糖苷、4-硫代-β-D-吡喃半乳糖和3,4,6,7-四-O-乙酰基-2-脱氧-1,5-二硫代-α-D-吡喃葡萄糖乙基乙酯。优选地,T是2-乙酰胺基-2-脱氧-D-吡喃半乳糖(GalNAc)。
在一些实施方案中,L1和L2选自C1-C20亚烷基、酰胺、(C1-C20)亚烷基-酰胺-(C1-C20)亚烷基。在一些实施方案中,L1和L2各自独立地选自C1,C2,C3,C4,C5,C6,C7,C8,C9,C10,C11,C12,C13,C14,C15,C16,C17,C18,C19,或C20亚烷基、酰胺、C1,C2,C3,C4,C5,C6,C7,C8,C9,或C10亚烷基-酰胺-C1,C2,C3,C4,C5,C6,C7,C8,C9,或C10亚烷基。
在一些实施方案中,L1和L2各自独立地选自-(CH2)n-、-(CH2)m-CONH-(CH2)m-,或-(CH2)m-NHCO-(CH2)m-;m是1-10之间的整数;n是5-20之间的整数。在一些实施方案中,m选自1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10;n选自1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10。
在一些实施方案中,C选自C1-C20亚烷基、酰胺、羰基、酰胺-(C1-C20)亚烷基、羰基-杂环-磷酸酯-(C1-C10)亚烷基。在一些实施方案中,C选自C1,C2,C3,C4,C5,C6,C7,C8,C9,C10,C11,C12,C13,C14,C15,C16,C17,C18,C19,或C20亚烷基,酰胺、酰胺-(C1,C2,C3,C4,C5,C6,C7,C8,C9,C10,C11,C12,C13,C14,C15,C16,C17,C18,C19,或C20)亚烷基。在一些实施方案中,C选自羰基-杂环-磷酸酯-(C1,C2,C3,C4,C5,C6,C7,C8,C9,或C10)亚烷基,杂环意指5-至7-元单环,或7至10元双环杂环,其是饱和的、不饱和的或芳族的,并且包含1或2个独立地选自氮、氧和硫的杂原子,并且其中氮和硫杂原子可以任选地被氧化,并且氮杂原子可以任选地被季铵化,包括其中任何上述杂环稠合至苯环的双环。杂环可以通过任何杂原子或碳原子连接。杂环包括如下定义的杂芳基。杂环类包括吗啉基、吡咯烷酮基、吡咯烷基、哌啶基、哌嗪基、乙内酰脲基、戊内酰胺基、环氧乙烷基、氧杂环丁烷基、四氢呋喃基、四氢吡喃基、四氢吡啶基、四氢嘧啶基、四氢噻吩基、四氢噻喃基、四氢嘧啶基、四氢噻吩基、四氢噻喃基等。
在一些实施方案中,C选自:
其中d是0-5的整数。
在一些实施方案中,B为双接头支化基团、三接头支化基团、四接头支化基团、五接头支化基团,或六接头支化基团。
在一些实施方案中,B选自:
其中x是1-5之间的整数;
j是0-5之间的整数。
在一些实施方案中,D选自直链或支链的C1-C20亚烷基、酰胺、羰基、(C1-C20)亚烷基-酰胺-(C1-C20)亚烷基。在一些实施方案中,D选自C1,C2,C3,C4,C5,C6,C7,C8,C9,C10,C11,C12,C13,C14,C15,C16,C17,C18,C19,或C20亚烷基,酰胺基,羰基,(C1,C2,C3,C4,C5,C6,C7,C8,C9,C10,C11,C12,C13,C14,C15,C16,C17,C18,C19,或C20)亚烷基-酰胺基-(C1,C2,C3,C4,C5,C6,C7,C8,C9,C10,C11,C12,C13,C14,C15,C16,C17,C18,C19,或C20)亚烷基。在一些实施方案中,D选自-(CH2)k-、-(C=O)-、-CONH、-NHCO-,其中k是0-5之间的整数。
在一些实施方案中,E是磷酸酯基,或硫代磷酸酯基或二硫代磷酸酯基或硼酸酯基。
L1和L2具有上述相同的定义。
在一些实施方案中,提供了具有以下结构的缀合物:
L1具有上述相同的定义。
寡核苷酸剂
本公开涉及一系列寡核苷酸(RNA/DNA)剂,其包括缀合物和反义寡核苷酸。
包含本公开的缀合物结构的示例性寡核苷酸剂包括实施例中列出的那些。
在一些实施方案中,反义寡核苷酸通过“E”基团(例如磷酸酯基团)连接至缀合物。
在一些实施方案中,缀合物通过特定类型的细胞(例如肝细胞)增强寡核苷酸的活性、细胞分布或细胞摄取。
在一些实施方案中,本文所述的寡核苷酸序列在其一端或两端被本公开的每个缀合物部分缀合或修饰。在一些实施方案中,寡核苷酸链包含本公开的缀合物部分,该缀合物通过“E”基团(例如磷酸酯基团)缀合至所述寡核苷酸的5'和/或3'末端处。在一些实施方案中,本公开的缀合物部分在寡核苷酸链的3'-末端处缀合。在一些实施方案中,本公开的缀合物部分在寡核苷酸链中间的核苷处缀合。
在某些实施方案中,缀合的反义寡核苷酸剂(其可用作治疗剂)包含WO/2013/003520中公开的具有以下任一核碱基序列的反义寡核苷酸和本文中所描述的缀合物组:SEQ ID NOs 321/485;322/486;324/488;325/489;326/490;327/491;328/492和350/514。在一些实施方案中,所述缀合的反义寡核苷酸剂(其可用作治疗剂)包含WO/2019/079781中公开的具有以下任一核碱基序列的反义寡核苷酸以及本文所描述的缀合物组:SEQ ID NOs3/5;21/22和HBV-219。在一些实施方案中,所述缀合的反义寡核苷酸剂(其可用作治疗剂)包含WO 2017/015175中公开的具有以下任一核碱基序列的反义寡核苷酸以及本文所描述的缀合物组:SEQ ID NOs 867-941。在一些实施方案中,所述缀合的反义寡核苷酸剂(其可用作治疗剂)包含WO2020/097342中公开的具有(AC)n(n=15-20)的核碱基序列的反义寡核苷酸以及本文所描述的缀合物组。所有上述提及的SEQ ID NO的siRNA或反义寡核苷酸序列,以引用方式并入本文。
使用方法
本公开的一方面包括用于治疗被诊断为患有、怀疑患有或有风险患有任何可通过靶向肝脏而缓解的疾病的受试者的方法。一个例子是HBV感染和/或HBV相关疾病。在治疗应用中,将包含本技术的靶向基团(例如GalNAc)缀合的寡核苷酸的组合物施用于怀疑或已经患有此类疾病的受试者(例如受试者的血清和/或肝脏中存在HBV表面抗原和包膜抗原)(如HBsAg和/或HBeAg)或升高的HBV DNA或HBV病毒载量水平),所述施用量足以抑制或至少部分遏制疾病的症状,包括其并发症和疾病发展中的中间病理表型。
在一些实施方案中,本公开的寡核苷酸试剂用于治疗代谢疾病或病症,例如肝脏疾病或病症;或用于治疗肝炎,如乙型或丙型肝炎。
其他例子包括但不限于遗传性ATTR淀粉样变性、急性肝卟啉症、原发性高草酸尿症、高胆固醇血症(PCSK9、ApoB)、心血管疾病(Lpa、ANGPTL3、ApoCIII)、ATTR淀粉样变性、补体介导的疾病(C3和CFB)、凝血疾病(因子XI)、NASH(PNPLA3和DGAT2)、alpha-1抗胰蛋白酶缺乏症、鸟氨酸转氨甲酰酶缺乏症。
实施例
合成方法
实施例1GalNAc构件物的合成(用于合成GalNAc亚磷酰胺)
GalNAc构件物被设计并合成了以下每个反应性部分以用于扩展(a)羧酸,例如G001;G002和G003,(b)胺,例如G004、G005、G006和G012,(c)醇G007,(d)醛G008、(e)烯烃G009、(f)炔烃G010和(g)叠氮化物G011(表1)。这些反应性部分可以与适当的对应物反应形成1,2-二醇和1,3-二醇中间体。
表1.具有各种反应性末端的GalNAc构件物
示例性的制备方法和合成方案如下:
实施例1-1化合物G001的合成
步骤1.B的合成
将TMSOTf(10.85mL,60.0mmol)逐滴加入到氨基糖五乙酸酯A(15.5g,39.85mmol)的二氯乙烷(90mL)溶液中。将混合物加热至50℃ 1.5小时并在环境温度下搅拌过夜。反应通过饱和NaHCO3冷水溶液淬灭,并用DCM(3×300mL)萃取。合并的有机相用H2O洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空蒸发,得到10.5g(~80%)的残余物B,无需进一步纯化。
步骤2.C的合成
将B(4.28g,13.0mmol)溶解在无水THF(40mL)中并在环境温度下与分子筛一起搅拌5分钟,然后加入1,8-辛二醇(2.09g,14.3mmol)。将混合物搅拌30分钟并滴加TMSOTf(1.18mL,6.5mmol)。将所得混合物搅拌过夜,通过饱和NaHCO3冷水溶液淬灭反应,并用DCM(3×100mL)萃取。合并的有机相用H2O洗涤,用Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空蒸发,得到残余物。在硅胶柱上纯化残余物,得到4.01g(65%)的C。
步骤3.D的合成
在500mL圆底烧瓶中加入C(4g,8.42mmol),在搅拌下加入TEMPO(0.75g,4.8mmol)、43mL乙腈和120ml 0.67M磷酸钠缓冲液,并将所得混合物加热至35℃。亚氯酸钠溶液(32.5mL,通过将9.14g NaClO2溶解在40mL H2O中制备)和次氯酸钠溶液(16.25mL,通过用19mL H2O稀释家用漂白剂(5.25%NaOCl,1.06mL,约2.0mol%)制备)在2小时内分5批加入到反应混合物中。在35℃下搅拌16小时进行反应,用Na2S2O3淬灭,并用饱和NH4Cl酸化。混合物用乙酸乙酯(3×100mL)萃取,并用水洗涤合并的有机相,MgSO4干燥,过滤,真空蒸发得到残余物。残余物通过硅胶柱纯化,得到3.75g(91%)的D。
[M+H]+=489.6.1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.96(s,1H),7.80(d,J=9.2Hz,1H),5.21(d,J=3.4Hz,1H),4.96(dd,J=11.2,3.5Hz,1H),4.48(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),4.02(m,3H),3.86(dt,J=11.2,8.8Hz,1H),3.69(dt,J=9.9,6.2Hz,1H),3.41(dt,J=9.9,6.5Hz,1H),2.18(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),2.10(s,3H),1.99(s,3H),1.89(s,3H),1.76(s,3H),1.47(m,5H),1.24(s,7H)ppm.
实施例1-2化合物G004的合成
在惰性氮气气氛,0℃下,向B(10g,30.6mmol)和(8-羟基辛基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯(9g,36.7mmol)的300mL 1,2-二氯乙烷溶液中滴加TMSOTf(2.7mL,15.3mmol)。将所得溶液在室温搅拌16小时。通过加入冰/水(100mL)淬灭反应混合物,然后用二氯甲烷(200mL×2)萃取。用水(100mL)洗涤合并的有机相,然后用无水硫酸钠干燥。减压浓缩滤液。残余物用硅胶柱纯化,先用PE/EA(1/2)洗脱,然后用反相硅胶快速色谱纯化(ACN/H2O=5%-95%,214nm,30min),得到Boc保护的G004(4g,23.5%产率),为白色固体。MS计算值:574.3;实测值:575.3[M+H]+.1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ7.81(d,J=9.2Hz,1H),6.76-6.74(m,1H),5.21(d,J=3.2Hz,1H),4.98-4.95(m,1H),4.48(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),4.04-4.00(m,3H),3.90-3.83(m,1H),3.72-3.66(m,1H),3.43-3.32(m,1H),2.90-2.85(m,2H),2.10(s,3H),2.00(s,3H),1.89(s,3H),1.77(s,3H),1.45-1.44(m,2H),1.37(s,11H),1.23(s,8H)。
通过在室温下将Boc保护的G004在25%三氟乙酸的二氯甲烷溶液中处理4小时,并在未进一步纯化的情况下去除挥发性物质而生成G004。
实施例1-3化合物G007的合成
在0℃搅拌下,向化合物B(10g,30.37mmol)和辛烷-1,8-二醇(4.44g,30.37mmol)的100mL DCE溶液中滴加TMSOTf(3.38g,15.19mmol)。将所得溶液在室温搅拌16小时。将用水(100mL)淬灭反应并用DCM(100mL×3)萃取。浓缩有机相,用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压浓缩。将残余物通过反相硅胶上的快速色谱法(ACN/H2O=5%-95%,214nm,30min)纯化,得到呈黄色固体状的化合物G007(5.3g,37%产率)。MS计算值:475;MS实测值:476[M+H]+.1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:7.82(d,J=9.2Hz,1H),5.21(d,J=3.6Hz,1H),4.98-4.94(m,1H),4.98(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),4.32(s,1H),4.05-4.01(m,1H),3.90-3.83(m,1H),3.72-3.67(m,3H),2.10(s,3H),2.00(s,3H),1.89(s,3H),1.77(s 3H),1.45-1.38(m,4H),1.24(br,8H)。
实施例1-4化合物G010的合成
在0℃搅拌下,向化合物B(5g,15.19mmol)和9-癸炔-1-醇(3.41g,30.37mmol)的100mL DCM溶液中滴加TMSOTf(3.38g,15.19mmol)C.将所得溶液在室温下搅拌16小时。用H2O(100mL)淬灭反应并用DCM(100mL×3)萃取。浓缩有机相。有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压浓缩。将残余物通过反相硅胶上的快速色谱法(ACN/H2O=5%-95%,214nm,30min)纯化,得到黄色固体状的化合物G010(3.8g,83%收率)。MS计算值:483;MS实测值:484[M+H]+.1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:7.80(d,J=9.2Hz,1H),5.21(d,J=4.0Hz,1H),4.97(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),4.48(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),4.04-4.01(m,3H),3.90-3.83(m,1H),3.72-3.67(m,1H),3.44-3.38(m,1H),2.71(t,J=2.8Hz,1H),2.16-2.10(m,2H),2.00(s,3H),1.89(s,3H),1.77(s,3H),1.46-1.41(m,4H),1.35-1.32(m,2H),1.25(br,6H))。
实施例2通过点击化学(click chemistry)使DBCO-GalNAc与叠氮化物寡核苷酸偶联的方法
点击化学因其具有两部分分子桥接方面的简单性和高效性,故在形成GalNAc寡核苷酸缀合物方面很有吸引力。使用点击化学,GalNAc部分可以通过叠氮化物取代位点特异性地掺入寡核苷酸位点上的任何位置。因此,如前述的G010和G011 GalNAc构件物可以在铜介导的条件下与具有三叠氮基或三末端炔烃基团接头的寡核苷酸进行缀合以形成三接头GalNAc寡核苷酸缀合物。
实施例2-1化合物G010的合成
在0℃搅拌下,向化合物B(5g,15.19mmol)和9-癸炔-1-醇(3.41g,30.37mmol)在100mL DCM溶液中滴加TMSOTf(3.38g,15.19mmol).将所得溶液在室温下搅拌16小时。用H2O(100mL)淬灭反应并用DCM(100mL×3)萃取。浓缩有机相。有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压浓缩。将残余物通过反相硅胶上的快速色谱法(ACN/H2O=5%-95%,214nm,30min)纯化,得到黄色固体状的化合物G010(3.8g,83%收率)。MS计算值:483;MS实测值:484[M+H]+.1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:7.80(d,J=9.2Hz,1H),5.21(d,J=4.0Hz,1H),4.97(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),4.48(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),4.04-4.01(m,3H),3.90-3.83(m,1H),3.72-3.67(m,1H),3.44-3.38(m,1H),2.71(t,J=2.8Hz,1H),2.16-2.10(m,2H),2.00(s,3H),1.89(s,3H),1.77(s,3H),1.46-1.41(m,4H),1.35-1.32(m,2H),1.25(br,6H))。
实施例2-2化合物G01(的合成
在0℃,N2下,向化合物B(4g,12.1mmol)和8-叠氮辛-1-醇(3.1g,18.1mmol)的二氯甲烷(50mL)溶液中滴加三甲基甲硅烷基三氟甲磺酸酯(0.8g,3.6mmol)。将所得溶液在室温下搅拌2小时。通过加入100mL冰/水淬灭反应并用DCM(100mL×3)萃取。合并的有机相用水和盐水洗涤,用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤并浓缩。将残余物通过硅胶柱色谱法(DCM/MeOH=100/1至20/1)纯化,得到化合物G011(2.5g,41.7%),为淡黄色油状物。LC-MS:计算值:500.2;实测值:501.1[M+H+]。
实施例3GalNAc亚磷酰胺的合成(可直接在RNA/DNA自动化合成仪上使用)
通过文献已公开的反应,例如(a)酰胺偶联反应,(b)亲核取代反应,(c)还原酰胺化反应,(d)赫克反应(Heck reaction),(e)点击反应(Click reaction),将GalNAc构件物转化为含有1,2-二醇和1,3-二醇的GalNAc,随后可转化为适合使用的含有二甲氧基三苯甲基(DMTr-)和亚磷酰胺的试剂(方案1)在寡核苷酸合成器中(表2)。
方案1.用于寡核苷酸合成的三乙酰保护的GalNAc单体的权利要求
表2.适用于寡核苷酸合成的GalNAc亚磷酰胺单体
实施例3-1:L-005的合成
步骤1L005-二醇的合成
在50mL圆底烧瓶中,用氩气吹扫并维持惰性气氛,加入16-[[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6R)-4,5-二(乙酰氧基)-6-[(乙酰氧基)甲基]-3-乙酰氨基氧杂-2-基]氧基]十六烷酸G003(6.00g,9.971mmol,1.00equiv)、干燥的DMF(60.00mL)和HBTU(4.16g,10.968mmol,1.1equiv)。随后在室温下添加DIPEA(1.42g,10.968mmol,1.1equiv)。将所得溶液在室温下搅拌1小时。在25℃下向其中加入3-氨基丙烷-1,2-二醇(1.09g,11.965mmol,1.2equiv)。将所得溶液在室温下搅拌2小时。然后通过添加100mL NaHCO3(饱和)淬灭反应。所得溶液用乙酸乙酯(2×100mL)萃取,合并有机相。混合物用H2O(4×100mL)和盐水洗涤。混合物用无水硫酸钠干燥。浓缩所得混合物。通过加入乙醚、过滤和干燥使产物沉淀,得到6.2g(纯度~90%)[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6R)-3,4-二(乙酰氧基)-6-[(15-[[(2S)-2,3-二羟丙基]-氨基甲酰基]十五烷基)氧]-5-乙酰氨基氧杂环己烷-2-基]乙酸甲酯,为白色固体。LC-MS:[M+H]+675。
步骤2L005-OH的合成
在25mL圆底烧瓶中,用氩气吹扫并维持惰性气氛,加入[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6R)-3,4-二(乙酰氧基)-6-[(15-[[(2S)-2,3-二羟丙基]氨基甲酰基]十五烷基)氧]-5-乙酰氨基氧杂环己烷-2-基]乙酸甲酯(1g,1.482mmol,1.00equiv)、无水吡啶(10mL)。随后在0℃下加入1-[氯(4-甲氧基苯基)苯基甲基]-4-甲氧基苯(903.78mg,2.667mmol,1.80equiv)。将所得溶液在室温下搅拌2小时。浓缩所得混合物。然后通过添加100mL水淬灭反应。所得溶液用乙酸乙酯(3×100mL)萃取,合并有机相。并用无水硫酸钠干燥。滤出固体并浓缩混合物。粗产物通过flash-prep-HPLC在以下条件(CombiFlash-1)下纯化:柱:C18硅胶;流动相:30分钟内由ACN/H2O=30/70增加到ACN/H2O=95/5。获得634mg(43.78%)[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6R)-3,4二(乙酰氧基)-6-[(15-[[(2S)-3-[二(4)-甲氧基苯基)(苯基)甲氧基]-2-羟丙基]氨基甲酰基]十五烷基)氧]-5-乙酰氨基氧杂-2-基]乙酸甲酯,为白色固体。1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.83(d,J=9.2Hz,1H),7.66(s,1H),7.42(d,J=7.7Hz,2H),7.37–7.17(m,7H),6.95–6.85(m,4H),5.23(d,J=3.3Hz,1H),4.98(q,J=4.2Hz,2H),4.50(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),4.04(s,3H),3.88(d,J=9.7Hz,1H),3.75(t,J=1.5Hz,8H),3.42(d,J=9.6Hz,1H),3.35–3.20(m,1H),3.08–2.78(m,3H),2.12(d,J=1.1Hz,3H),2.08–1.96(m,5H),1.91(d,J=1.1Hz,3H),1.82–1.71(m,3H),1.44(s,4H),1.23(d,J=8.4Hz,22H)ppm。
步骤3L005的合成
在50mL圆底烧瓶中,用氩气吹扫并维持惰性气氛,加入3-(二二异丙基氨基磷酰基)丙腈(771.12mg,2.558mmol,2.50eq.)、干燥的DCM(2.00mL)。随后在0℃添加DCI(144.90mg,1.228mmol,1.20equiv)。将所得溶液在0℃搅拌10分钟。向其中加入[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6R)-3,4-二(乙酰氧基)-6-[(15-[[(2S)-3-[二(4-甲氧基苯基))的溶液(苯基)甲氧基]-2-羟丙基]-氨基甲酰基]十五烷基)氧]-5-乙酰氨基氧杂-2-基]乙酸甲酯(1.00g,1.023mmol,1.00equiv)的无水DCM(4mL)溶液,在0℃下搅拌。将所得溶液在室温下搅拌1小时。然后通过添加50mL NaHCO3(饱和冷的)淬灭反应。所得溶液用二氯甲烷(2×100mL)萃取,合并有机相。所得混合物用H2O和盐水洗涤。混合物用无水硫酸钠干燥。滤出固体并浓缩混合物。粗产物通过flash-prep-HPLC在以下条件(CombiFlash-1)下纯化:柱:C18硅胶;流动相:40分钟内由ACN/H2O(0.1% NH3.H2O)=50/50增加到ACN/H2O=100,然后ACN/H2O=100保持20分钟;检测器,220nm/254nm。获得612mg(50.79%,在氩气,MS,-70℃下储存)[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6R)-3,4-二(乙酰氧基)-6-[(15-[[(2S)-3-[二(4-甲氧基苯基)(苯基)甲氧基]-2-[[(2-氰基乙氧基)-(二异丙基氨基)膦基]氧基]丙基]氨基甲酰基]十五烷基)氧基]-5-乙酰氨基氧-乙酰氨基氧-2-基]乙酸甲酯,为白色固体。1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.83(d,J=9.3Hz,1H),7.66(s,1H),7.43(d,J=7.6Hz,2H),7.28(qd,J=11.4,9.4,6.6Hz,7H),6.88(dd,J=8.6,4.6Hz,4H),5.23(d,J=3.3Hz,1H),4.99(dd,J=11.3,3.3Hz,1H),4.50(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),4.04(s,4H),3.96–3.77(m,2H),3.77–3.63(m,11H),3.43(dd,J=10.1,6.0Hz,1H),3.19(s,2H),3.03(d,J=6.2Hz,1H),2.79(t,J=6.0Hz,1H),2.65(t,J=5.9Hz,1H),2.12(s,3H),2.01(s,6H),1.91(s,2H),1.78(s,3H),1.50–1.36(m,4H),1.28–1.10(m,31H),1.03(d,J=6.6Hz,3H)ppm.31P NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ148.41,147.94ppm。
实施例3-2:L045的合成
步骤1:化合物K的合成
向化合物G011(1.67g,3.33mmol)的t-BuOH(15mL)溶液中加入化合物J(1.58g,3.61mmol)。向该搅拌溶液中加入CuSO4·5H2O(164mg,0.66mmol)和抗坏血酸钠(328mg,1.66mmol)的水(15mL)溶液。在35℃搅拌4小时后,反应混合物用EtOAc(20mL×2)萃取。将有机相用Na2SO4干燥,过滤并浓缩,得到残余物,将其通过硅胶柱色谱法(DCM/MeOH=100/1至20/1)纯化,得到纯化合物K(1.1g,产率33.3%)为白色固体。LC-MS:m/z计算值:932.4;实测值:955.4[M+Na]+.1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz),δ8.00(s,1H),7.80(d,J=9.2Hz,1H),7.38(d,J=7.6Hz,2H),7.30-7.18(m,7H),6.87(d,J=8.8Hz,4H),5.21(d,J=2.8Hz,1H),4.96(dd,J=11.6Hz,3.6Hz,1H),4.88(d,J=5.6Hz,2H),4.50-4.46(m,3H),4.29(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),4.03-4.01(m,3H),3.85(dd,J=20.4Hz,9.6Hz,1H),3.77-3.65(m,8H),3.52(dd,J=10.0Hz,4.4Hz,1H),3.45-3.36(m,2H),2.91(d,J=5.2Hz,2H),2.09(s,3H),1.98(s,3H),1.88(s,3H),1.77-1.75(m,5H),1.43-1.41(m,2H),1.21(s,6H)。
步骤2:化合物L045的合成
在50mL圆底烧瓶中,用氩气吹扫并维持惰性气氛,加入3-(二二异丙基氨基磷酰基)丙腈(90mg,21.50eq.)和干燥的DCM(2.00mL)。随后在0℃添加DCI(78mg,3.0equiv)。将所得溶液在0℃搅拌10分钟。在0℃搅拌下,向其中滴加化合物K(186mg,1.0当量)的干燥DCM(1mL)溶液。将所得溶液在室温下搅拌1小时。将反应混合物浓缩并通过硅胶柱通过己烷/乙酸乙酯和1%三乙胺洗脱纯化。获得172mg L045,为白色半固体。1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz),δ7.95(d,J=9Hz,1H),7.80(d,J=9Hz,1H),7.d(m,2H),7.30-7.18(m,7H),6.8(m,4H),5.21(d,J=3Hz,1H),4.96(dd,J=12Hz,4Hz,1H),4.50-4.46(m,3H),4.29(m,2H),4.0(m,5H),3.85(m,1H),3.77-3.45(m,13H),3.45-3.36(m,2H),2.91(m,1H),2.75-2.55(m,2H),2.09(s,3H),1.98(s,3H),1.88(s,3H),1.77(s,3H),1.43-1.41(m,2H),1.25-0.95(m,18H).31PNMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ148.50,147.96ppm。
实施例4通过简化接头结构加快GalNAc单体的合成
某些亚磷酰胺构件物(例如L035)可以从常见的中间体通过四个直接步骤以高产率合成。该工艺具有高产率和大规模合成的可扩展性。示例性方法和合成方案如下:
实施例4-1:L-035的合成
步骤1:采用与实施例1中化合物G009所述的的类似方法合成烯烃F。
步骤2:L035-二醇(G)的合成
将化合物F(0.93g,1.72mmol)溶解在THF/H2O(12.23mL/1.58mL)中并冷却至-10℃,然后加入4-甲基吗啉N-氧化物水合物(0.678g,5.02mmol)和K2OsO4.2H2O(0.027g,0.076mmol)。将所得混合物在-10℃下搅拌过夜,然后加入Na2S2O3并进一步搅拌30分钟。将混合物用水稀释并用乙酸乙酯(3×50mL)萃取。合并的有机相用H2O洗涤,用Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空蒸发,得到残余物。残余物在硅胶柱上纯化,得到0.741g(75%)G。
步骤3:L035-OH(H)的合成
将0.8g(1.39mmol)化合物G溶解在7.5mL无水吡啶中,并在环境温度下与分子筛一起搅拌。分批加入DMTrCl(0.6g,1.77mmol)。将所得混合物搅拌过夜,然后用DCM(30mL)稀释。通过用饱和CuSO4反复洗涤有机相除去吡啶,有机相用Na2SO4干燥,过滤,真空蒸发。残余物在硅胶柱上纯化得到0.976g(80%)H。[M+Na]+=900.2.1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.46–7.38(m,2H),7.36–7.16(m,7H),6.87–6.78(m,4H),5.42(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),5.39–5.27(m,2H),4.71(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),4.22–4.07(m,2H),3.97–3.82(m,3H),3.79(s,6H),3.75(s,1H),3.47(dt,J=9.7,6.9Hz,1H),3.16(dd,J=9.3,3.3Hz,1H),3.00(dd,J=9.4,7.6Hz,1H),2.34(d,J=3.5Hz,1H),2.14(s,3H),2.07–1.92(m,9H),1.61–1.51(m,1H),1.39(d,J=17.7Hz,3H),1.36–1.20(m,19H),1.11(s,1H)ppm。
步骤4:L035的合成
L035亚磷酰胺采用与实施例2中描述的四步合成类似的方案进行合成。
实施例5由GalNAc单体自动合成三接头结构
在ABI394或K&A-H8 DNA/RNA合成仪上进行三接头5'-GalNAc共轭寡核苷酸的合成。在NittoPhaseHL UnyLinker固相支持物上以1μmole规模进行合成。三氯乙酸(3%体积)的甲苯溶液用于从核苷酸的5'-羟基上切割4,4'-二甲氧基三苯甲基(DMTr)基团。4,5-二氰基咪唑在N-甲基咪唑存在下的用作偶联步骤中的活化剂。在偶联步骤中,使用10-50摩尔当量的0.05M亚磷酰胺溶液(2'-脱氧、2'-O-甲氧基乙基和锁定核苷)和流量比为1:1(v/v)的亚磷酰胺溶液与活化剂的溶液。亚磷酰胺和活化剂溶液使用无水乙腈(水含量<30ppm)制备,并通过添加分子筛包进一步干燥。通过用0.05M的氢化黄原素的吡啶溶液氧化亚磷酸三酯来引入硫代磷酸酯键。在氧化步骤期间使用碘的吡啶/水溶液以获得磷酸二酯键。未反应的羟基通过以输送1:1(v/v)流量比的N-甲基咪唑/吡啶/乙腈和乙酸酐/乙腈进行封端。在合成结束时,用三乙胺/乙腈(1:1,v/v)的溶液处理固相支持物键合的寡核苷酸,以除去在从硫代磷酸三酯脱去氰乙基基团的过程中形成的丙烯腈。自动化DNA/RNA仪器制造商推荐的试剂输送量和接触时间方案如表3中详述。随后,将固相支持物键合的寡核苷酸与浓氢氧化铵水溶液在55℃下孵育约15小时,使其完全从固相支持物上解离,消除UnyLinker分子以释放寡核苷酸的3'-羟基,以及脱保护核碱基的保护基团。在使粗混合物冷却至室温后,将其过滤并用纯化水冲洗固体载体并收集。将氨水溶液中将粗产物通过凝胶电泳和/或反相HPLC浓缩和纯化以获得纯的寡核苷酸-GalNAc缀合物。通常,通过阴离子交换HPLC检测缀合物纯度超过85%。
表3:在合成器上进行1μmol规模合成的反应参数
实施例6将GalNAc缀合物部分掺入反义序列
选择用于GalNAc缀合部分的寡核苷酸可以是单链反义寡核苷酸或双链siRNA,其中多接头GalNAc可以在3'-或5'-末端处偶联。例如,我们已经将GalNAc与靶向ApoB100mRNA 5'末端的13聚体反义寡核苷酸结合,并研究了C57BL/6小鼠的靶标敲除。
以下是我们研究中使用的13-mer间隙子(gapmer)序列(Nucleic AcidsResearch,2018,46,5366-5380):5’-[L]n[Sp]m[+G]*[+mC]*[A]*[T]*[T]*[G]*[G]*[T]*[A]*[T]*[+T]*[+mC]*[+A]-3’,其中[L]是含GalNAc的配体,n=1-4;[Sp]是可选的间隔物(spacer),可以是-(CH2)n-链,n=3-12,或-(OCH2CH2)mO-,m=1-3,在GalNAc缀合部分和ApoB反义序列之间;m=0-2;[+N]是锁核酸,且[N]是脱氧核糖核苷,并且*是硫代磷酸酯键。
方法:采用与实施例4中描述的类似方法用于制备所述寡核苷酸-GalNAc缀合物。得到的粗寡-GalNAc缀合物产物通过RP-HPLC或PAGE进一步纯化,得到纯产物,通过质谱法证实分子完整性。在动物研究之前检查内毒素水平。
使用实施例4和5中描述的一般方法,合成了以下反义序列寡核苷酸-GalNAc缀合物。每条反义序列寡核苷酸-GalNAc缀合物的结构和表征数据如表4所示。
表4.ASO-GalNAc缀合物结构
实施例7通过缀合有GalNAc的ApoB反义寡核苷酸筛选GalNAc单体
如实施例5和实施例6所述制备本研究的寡核苷酸-GalNAc缀合物,并在研究前在PBS中配制。根据第-7天的体重对小鼠进行分组,每组5只小鼠。以两个不同剂量水平(高剂量,60nmoles/kg和低剂量,20nmoles/kg)在第0天向小鼠给药一次,并且随后对小鼠放血以监测第3天和第6天血浆中ApoB100蛋白水平。该研究在最后一个观察日或人道终点时(以先到者为准)终止。通过尾部或眼眶后出血将约50uL/小鼠/时间点的血液收集到涂覆有EDTA的试管中。样品在冷冻离心机中以1,000-2,000x g离心10分钟。离心后,将得到的上清液(血浆)立即转移到干净的标记好的聚丙烯管中,并在-80℃下储存直至使用。
通过市售ELISA试剂盒(AbCam#ab230932)测定血浆ApoB水平。该测定是根据制造商的说明进行的。一式两份以5000倍稀释度测试血浆样品。ApoB结果报告为ug/mL或以百分比标准化为寡核苷酸给药前的初始水平。化合物之间的比较用于阐明构效关系(SAR),与三接头阳性对照化合物B005的比较用作标准化合物。
B001是一种三接头GalNAc间隙子(gapmer),在GalNAc簇和间隙子之间没有间隔物。B003通过磷酸二酯键在GalNAc和间隙子之间具有1,6-己二醇间隔物(Spacer,例如C6)。体内研究表明,在100nmol/kg和20nmol/kg水平下,B003的活性优于B001,表明GalNAc部分和反义部分之间需要一个间隔物(图1A-1C)。
实施例8使用GalNAc单体形成支链GalNAc簇
通过使用标准DNA/RNA合成器,使用分支接头模块,例如倍增体(doubler)或三倍增体(trebler),单体GalNAc亚膦酰胺可有效形成各种多接头GalNAc簇,例如,除了实施例6中描述的线性形式的三接头GalNAc之外,我们在合成器上合成了三倍增体三接头GalNAc寡核苷酸。
序列5’-[L]3[Trebler][+G]*[+mC]*[A]*[T]*[T]*[G]*[G]*[T]*[A]*[T]*[+T]*[+mC]*[+A]-3’,其中[L]是GalNAc配体:
和[Trebler]是具有以下化学结构的构件:
[+N]是锁核酸,[N]是脱氧核糖核苷,*是硫代磷酸酯键。使用实施例4和6中描述的方案合成和在小鼠中评估该序列。与阳性对照化合物B005相比,所得化合物表现出优异的血浆ApoB降低。为了达到高于三接头的多重性,我们可以通过双重doubler形成四接头GalNAc簇,从而为候选前导选择提供多种形式的GalNAc簇:
在这两种情况下,由寡核苷酸合成产生的裸露的5'-OH末端可以与其他方式结合以调节寡核苷酸的性质。这些模式包括但不限于其他反义序列,或可以调节内吞体逃离试剂以帮助寡核苷酸进入细胞液的小分子。
图3显示了在DNA/RNA合成器上通过接头固相支持物上进行寡核苷酸合成的标准合成循环。寡核苷酸合成完成后,合成的GalNAc亚磷酰胺用于与合成器上的寡核苷酸结合。
通过PAGE或阴离子交换HPLC纯化所有缀合物。通过AE-HPLC测定,发现最终缀合物的纯度为85-95%。分子完整性通过质谱法测定,结果如上表所示。在对小鼠进行体内研究之前,通过Charles River的系统和LAL试剂盒方法检查所有缀合物的内毒素水平。
实施例9使用长碳链形成GalNAc簇
我们将长碳链加入到GalNAc簇中,而不是使用多个酰胺基团来延长链长,以通过减少步骤数来简化合成,并调节GalNAc-oligo缀合物的生物物理特性以获得最佳药代动力学曲线方案2。(A,左)已发表化合物中的GalNAc簇使用多种酰胺并使化合物整体亲水(B.右)。单体和间隔物中的长碳链比多个酰胺键更容易形成,可以平衡化合物的亲水性)。
方案2.多个酰胺基团和长碳链进入GalNAc的结构
已知GalNAc部分和寡核苷酸部分都具有极强的亲水性,并且已知亲水性化合物有助于它们的肾脏清除。用分子中的疏水碳链调节生物物理特性可能会降低肾清除率,从而允许肝脏摄入更多的寡核苷酸。
实施例10通过采用单体GalNAc构件物显着减少反应步骤
通过采用单体GalNAc亚磷酰胺,我们显着降低了GalNAc簇合成的复杂度。以B005为例的典型GalNAc簇需要至少14个步骤和耗时的合成,才能应用于寡核苷酸-缀合物合成(如下)。
合成方法的其他详细描述可在美国专利8,828,956和9,943,604号中找到,其公开内容通过引用并入本文。
相比之下,单体GalNAc亚磷酰胺从商品化的起始原料开始通常仅需要8个步骤,或者从典型中间体(如G001)开始只需4个步骤(如下)。
新型单体GalNAc亚磷酰胺的合成可以在典型的化学实验室中在短时间内完成。
我们还通过完全避免酰胺键或其他典型接头来设计和合成单体GalNAc亚磷酰胺,以简化化学合成。亚磷酰胺合成所需的二醇部分可以通过末端烯烃(如G009)的二羟基化有效构建。随后将二醇改性为二甲氧基三苯甲基保护(DMTr)和亚磷酰胺,分别只需短短4个步骤即可实现高产率(如下)。
实施例10-1L009与寡核苷酸缀合物的合成.
步骤1:L009-1的合成
将起始原料化合物B粗品(3.3g)和C10-乙烯醇(1.7g,11mmol)溶解在20mL无水THF中。将混合物脱气并充入氩气3次。在氩气保护下,将TMSOTf(1.1g,0.9mmol)逐滴加入到混合物中。添加后,将混合物在室温下搅拌过夜。当反应完成时,将混合物倒入冷的10%碳酸氢钠溶液(100mL)中并将混合物搅拌10分钟。向混合物中加入100mL乙酸乙酯,搅拌混合物10分钟,分离有机相,水相用乙酸乙酯(50mL×2)萃取。合并有机相,用盐水洗涤,然后蒸发至淡黄色液体。残余物经硅胶柱纯化(PE/EA=0%至80%),得到化合物L009-1,为无色油状物(2.6g,两步反应收率53.5%)。MS理论值:485.3;实测值486.3[M+H]+.1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.8(m,1H),6.8(m,1H),5.2(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),5.10–4.90(m,3H),4.5(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),4.10–4.00(m,3H),3.90–3.60(m,2H),3.40-3.50(m,2H),2.14(s,3H),2.07–1.92(m,11H),1.6–1.5(m,2H),1.36–1.20(m,10H)ppm.
步骤2:L009-1,2-二醇的合成
将L009-1(2.6g,5.4mmol)溶解在30mL THF中,并将锇酸钾二水合物(18mg,0.05mmol)添加到混合物中。并向混合物中加入5mL水,直到锇酸钾溶解。混合物在冰浴中冷却至0-10℃,分几批加入4-甲基吗啉N-氧化物(937mg,8.0mmol)。添加后,撤去冰浴,将混合物在室温下搅拌16小时。将混合物倒入冷的50毫升10%亚硫酸钠溶液(50毫升)中,加入乙酸乙酯(50毫升)。将混合物搅拌10分钟并分离有机相。水相用50mL乙酸乙酯萃取两次。合并有机相,盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,蒸发得淡黄色油状物。该粗品经硅胶柱纯化(PE/EA=0%至100%),得到淡黄色油状物(2.6g,94.2%)。
步骤3:L009-OH的合成
向L009-1,2-二醇(2.6g,5.0mmol)和TEA(1.5g,15.1mmol)的30mL无水DCM溶液中,滴加10mL的DMTr-Cl(2.1g,6.1mmol)无水DCM溶液。添加后,将混合物在室温下搅拌16小时。当反应完成时,加入50mL DCM以稀释混合物并加入50ml盐水。将混合物搅拌10分钟并分离有机相。水相用DCM(50ml)萃取。合并有机相并蒸发至黄色油状物。将残余物通过硅胶柱(PE/EA=0%至80%)纯化以获得作为白色泡状固体的L009-OH(2.0g,48.4%)。MS理论值:822.0;实测值:844.4(M+Na+).1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.4(m,2H),7.4–7.2(m,7H),6.8(m,4H),5.6(m,1H),5.4(m,1H),4.7(m,1H),4.2–4.0(m,2H),4.0–3.8(m,3H),3.79(s,6H),3.75(m,1H),3.50-3.45(m,1H),3.2(m,1H),3.00(m,1H),2.4(m,1H),2.14(s,3H),2.07–1.92(m,9H),1.6–1.5(m,2H),1.5-1.2(m,14H)ppm.
步骤4:L009与寡核苷酸缀合物的合成
按照与实施例2、3和5中描述的通用方法来合成L009和L0009ApoB。L009,MS理论值:1022.2;实测值:1022.3(M+H+)。
L009-ApoB反义偶联物,MS理论值:5871.2;实测值:5871.4(M+H+)。
实施例11多接头支化基团在形成GalNAc簇中的应用
我们设计并合成了三接头GalNAc簇,与单体GalNAc进行体内功效比较。这些新颖的簇具有苯环或环烯(氮杂冠醚)环以构建多接头GalNAc簇。下面列出了GalNAc亚磷酰胺簇的结构。
实施例11-1:L016-OH的合成
步骤1:L016-3的合成
向3,4,5-三(2-((叔丁氧基羰基)氨基)乙氧基)苯甲酸(2.45g,4.1mmol)的DMF(60mL)溶液中加入EDCI(1.0g,5.2mmol),HOBT(0.70g,5.2mmol)和DIPEA(1.5mL,8.6mmol)。将所得溶液在室温搅拌10分钟。然后加入6-氨基己-1-醇(0.45g,3.8mmol)并搅拌约4小时。将反应用H2O(40mL)淬灭,然后用乙酸乙酯(60mL×2)萃取,并用无水Na2SO4干燥。然后将残余物在硅胶柱上纯化,得到L016-3,为白色固体(2.50g,93%)。MS理论值:698.4;实测值:721.5(M+Na+)。
步骤2:L016-4的合成
向8mL化合物L016-3(0.30g)的二氯甲烷溶液中加入1.5mL三氟乙酸,然后在室温下搅拌过夜。蒸发得到稠油,无需进一步纯化。
步骤3:L016-5的合成
向酸G003(0.92g,1.53mmol)的30mL二氯甲烷溶液中加入DIPEA(3mL)和三氟乙酸五氟苯酯(1.5mL)并在室温下搅拌过夜。反应通过冷的饱和NaHCO3溶液淬灭并用DCM(30mL×2)萃取,合并的有机相用水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并蒸发,得到1.5g棕色油状物。将残余物在硅胶柱上纯化,得到L016-5,为无色油状物(1.0g,83%)。
步骤4:L016-OH的合成
向化合物L016-5(1.0g,1.30mmol)的20mL THF溶液中加入DIPEA(2mL)和化合物L016-4(0.17g,0.43mmol)在THF 10mL中的溶液,在室温下搅拌16h。用水淬灭反应并用乙酸乙酯(30mL×2)萃取,合并的有机相用Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空蒸发。残余物在硅胶柱上纯化,得到LO16-OH,为白色固体(0.96g,96%)。MS理论值:2148.3;实测值:1076.40[M/2+H]+.1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ8.50(s,1H),8.1(m,2H),7.90(m,3H),7.20(S,2H),5.20(d,3H),4.90(m,3H),4.50(d,3H),4.34(t,1H),4.04(m,12H),3.80(m,5H),3.70(m,3H),3.65-3.20(m,12H),3.0(m,6H),2.20(m,15H),2.11(s,9H),2.00(s,9H),1.90(s,9H),1.77(m,16H),1.16-1.49(m,87H).
步骤5:亚磷酰胺形成和寡核苷酸的合成
按照与实施例2、3和5中描述的通用方法来合成L016和L016-ApoB。
L016,MS理论值:2348.4;实测值:1197.1(M/2+Na+)。31P-NMR(DMSO-d6),147.6ppm.
L016-ApoB,MS理论值:6157.6;实测值:6158.3.
实施例11-2L017-OH的合成
使用与L016-OH和L016类似的方法合成L017-OH和L017.
L017-OH,MS理论值:1867.9;实测值:935.6.0[M/2+H]+.1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ8.40(m,1H),8.1(m,2H),7.90(m,4H),7.20(S,2H),5.20(d,3H),4.90(m,3H),4.50(d,3H),4.34(t,1H),4.04(m,12H),3.90(m,5H),3.70(m,3H),3.60-3.30(m,10H),3.20(m,3H),2.80(m,3H),2.20(m,15H),2.11(s,9H),2.00(s,9H),1.90(s,9H),1.77(m,15H),1.16-1.49(m,36H).
L017,31P-NMR(DMSO-d6),146.7ppm
L017-ApoB缀合物,MS理论值:5877.3;实测值:5877.4.
实施例11-3L031-OH的合成
步骤1:L031-1的合成
向G003(1.37g,2.3mmol)的20mL无水DMF溶液中加入DIPEA(775mg,6.0mmol)、EDCI(520mg,2.7mmol)和HOBt(370mg,2.7mmol)。反应在室温下搅拌0.5小时并加入环烯(103mg,0.6mmol)。将混合物在室温搅拌超过24小时。反应完成后,加入乙酸乙酯100mL和盐水30mL稀释反应,搅拌10min。分离有机相,水相用乙酸乙酯(50mL×2)萃取。合并有机相并用无水硫酸钠干燥。将残余物通过硅胶柱(MeOH/EA=0%至5%)纯化,得到呈白色固体状的化合物L031-1(750mg,65.2%收率)。MS理论值:1754.0;实测值:878.7(M/2+H+)
步骤2:L031-2的合成
向苄基保护的6-羟基己酸(130mg,0.59mmol)的3.0mL无水THF中的溶液体系中加入两滴DMF。在搅拌下将草酰氯(123mg,0.98mmol)滴加到反应体系中。反应2小时后,将混合物真空蒸干。添加5mL无水THF并将混合物真空蒸发至干燥。残余物用4mL DCM稀释并直接使用溶液(L031-M1)。向L031-1(750mg,0.39mmol)的10mL无水DCM溶液中加入DIPEA(504mg,3.9mmol)。混合物在冰浴上搅拌直到温度低于5℃。在搅拌下,在0-10℃的温度下逐滴加入L031-M1溶液。添加后,撤去冰浴,将反应混合物搅拌1小时。当反应完成时,向系统中加入乙酸乙酯(50mL)和盐水(30mL)并将混合物搅拌10分钟。分离有机相,水相用乙醚乙酸酯(30mL×2)萃取。分离有机相,用无水硫酸钠干燥,蒸发成淡黄色油状物。通过硅胶柱(MeOH/EA=0%至5%)分离残余物,得到化合物L031-2(400mg,53.3%产率),为白色固体。MS理论值:1958.1;实测值:980.8(M/2+H+)
步骤3:L031-OH的合成
将L031-2(400mg,0.19mmol)溶解在8mL甲醇中并加入Pd/C(120mg)。将混合物脱气并充入氩气3次。然后将混合物在室温下搅拌24小时。反应完成后,过滤系统直至溶液澄清。将澄清溶液蒸发至干以获得化合物L031-OH(320mg,84.2%产率)。MS理论值:2036.2;实测值:2038.0[M+H]+.1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ7.81(d,J=9.2Hz,3H),5.22(d,J=4.4Hz,3H),4.97(dd,J=3.6Hz,11.2Hz,3H),4.48(d,J=8.4Hz,3H),4.34(t,J=4.8Hz,1H),4.04(m,9H),3.87(q,J=8.8Hz,3H),3.37–3.50(m,24H),2.24(br,8H),2.11(s,9H),2.00(s,3H),1.90(s,3H),1.77(s,3H),1.16-1.49(m,84H).
实施例11-4:L032-OH的合成
采用与L031-OH类似的合成方法合成L032-OH(440mg,78.5%产率).MS理论值:1868.1;实测值:1887.0[M+H2O+H]+.1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ7.81(d,J=9.2Hz,3H),5.22(d,J=3.6Hz,3H),4.97(dd,J=3.6Hz,11.2Hz,3H),4.49(d,J=8.0Hz,3H),4.34(t,J=5.2Hz,1H),4.03(m,9H),3.87(q,J=9.2Hz,3H),3.36–3.72(m,24H),2.30(br,8H),2.11(s,9H),2.00(s,3H),1.90(s,3H),1.77(s,3H),1.20-1.49(m,60H).
效果例
1.通过ApoB还原试验筛选GalNAc簇的功效
用于研究的寡核苷酸在实施例4和5中描述制备,并在PBS中配制用于研究。在第-4天根据体重(BW)对小鼠进行分组。该研究进行了长达30天,以评估每种缀合物实现的靶物敲除的持久性。小鼠在第0天以两种剂量水平(高剂量,60nmoles/kg和低剂量,20nmoles/kg)给药一次,并在第3、10和17天取血以监测血浆ApoB蛋白水平。最后一个研究观察日或人道终点时(以先到者为准)终止研究。通过尾部或眼眶后出血将血液(~50uL/小鼠/时间点)收集到涂覆有EDTA的管中。血液样品在冷冻离心机中以1,000-2,000x g离心10分钟。离心后,将所得上清液(血浆)立即转移到干净的标记了的聚丙烯管中,并在-80℃下储存直至使用。
通过商业ELISA试剂盒(AbCam#ab230932)测定血浆ApoB水平。该测定是根据制造商的说明进行的。一式两份以10000倍稀释度测试血浆样品。ApoB结果报告为μg/mL或标准化为在oligo-GalNAc缀合物给药之前确定的初始ApoB水平。化合物之间的比较用于阐明构效关系(SAR),与三接头阳性对照的比较用于筛选活性GalNAc部分。
出乎意料的是,与阳性对照B005相比,本公开通过重复添加单体合成的大多数GalNAc簇(包括B006-组3/4,B007-组5/6,B008-组7/8,B009-组9/10,B011-组11/12,B013-组13/14,and B015-组15/16)显示出相似或更好的ApoB敲除耐久性。组11/12和13/14(GalNAc簇B011和B013)中的一些GalNAc簇实际上从第10天到第17天显示出更高的效率(附图2A-2G)。
其它具体实施方式
应当理解,虽然已经结合其详细描述描述了本发明,但是前述描述旨在说明而不是限制由所附权利要求的范围限定的本发明的范围。其他方面、优点和修改也在权利要求的范围内。
上述各种实施例可以组合提供进一步的实施例。在本说明书中提及和/或在申请数据表中列出的所有美国专利、美国专利申请公开、美国专利申请、外国专利、外国专利申请和非专利公开通过引用整体并入本文。如果需要,实施方式的一些方面可改变,以采用各种专利、申请和出版物的概念来提供更进一步的实施例。
可根据上述详细描述对实施方式做出这些和其他改变。通常,在权利要求中,所使用的术语不应被解释为将权利要求限制为在说明书和权利要求中公开的具体实施方式,而应被解释为包括所有可能的实施例以及该等价物的全部范围。因此,权利要求不受本说明书的限制。
Claims (10)
2.根据权利要求1所述的缀合物,其中:
所述T选自葡萄糖、甘露糖、半乳糖、N-乙酰基-半乳糖胺、岩藻糖、葡糖胺、N-乙酰甘露糖胺、乳糖、麦芽糖、叶酸;
所述L1和L2是C1-C20亚烷基、酰胺、(C1-C20)亚烷基-酰胺-(C1-C20)亚烷基;
所述C是C1-C20亚烷基、酰胺、羰基、酰胺-(C1-C20)亚烷基、羰基-杂环-磷酸酯-(C1-C10)亚烷基;
所述B为双接头(di-antennary)支化基团、三接头(tri-antennary)支化基团、四接头(tetra-antennary)支化基团、五接头(penta-antennary)支化基团或六接头(hexa-antennary)支化基团;
所述D是C1-C20亚烷基、酰胺、羰基、(C1-C20)亚烷基-酰胺-(C1-C20)亚烷基;
所述E是磷酸酯基,或硫代磷酸酯基或二硫代磷酸酯基或硼酸酯基。
9.寡核苷酸化合物,其包含权利要求1-8任意一项所述的缀合物和寡核苷酸。
10.药物组合物,其包含权利要求1-8任意一项所述的缀合物,或权利要求9所述的寡核苷酸化合物,和药学上可接受的载体或稀释剂。
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