CN115791683A - A fully automatic high-precision oil-gas-water three-phase metering system based on infrared detection - Google Patents
A fully automatic high-precision oil-gas-water three-phase metering system based on infrared detection Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种基于红外线探测的全自动高精度油气水三相计量系统。主要结构为平底试管、夹持装置、传动装置、分离器、红外线发射接收装置、气体存储容器等；试管下方有一光源，试管上方有一光接收处理装置，将信息传递给控制中心计算出试管内液面高度；通过夹持装置、传动装置可将平底试管移动到分离器和试管架中；分离器下方有电机，使其旋转将油水分离；试管架在一开口箱体中，两侧有红外线发射接收装置获得油水体积数据；气体从试管上的管线经过进入气体存储容器中，气体存储容器上有压力传感器，时刻监测容器内压力并反馈给控制中心，容器连接有开关，可将容器内气体释放；本发明可以同时测量油气水的体积，且过程全自动，无需人力操控，红外线分析液面高度及油水分界面相比于人工读取误差更小，经过分离作用，油水分界面更加明显，测量更加准确。
The invention relates to a fully automatic and high-precision oil-gas-water three-phase metering system based on infrared detection. The main structure is flat-bottomed test tube, clamping device, transmission device, separator, infrared emitting and receiving device, gas storage container, etc.; there is a light source under the test tube, and a light receiving and processing device above the test tube, which transmits the information to the control center to calculate the liquid in the test tube. The flat bottom test tube can be moved to the separator and the test tube rack through the clamping device and the transmission device; there is a motor under the separator to make it rotate to separate the oil and water; the test tube rack is in an open box with infrared radiation on both sides The receiving device obtains the oil-water volume data; the gas passes through the pipeline on the test tube and enters the gas storage container. There is a pressure sensor on the gas storage container, which monitors the pressure in the container at all times and feeds it back to the control center. The container is connected with a switch to release the gas in the container. ; The present invention can measure the volume of oil, gas and water at the same time, and the process is fully automatic without manpower manipulation. Compared with manual reading, the error of infrared analysis of liquid level and oil-water interface is smaller. After separation, the oil-water interface is more obvious, and the measurement more precise.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于室内驱替实验领域，涉及一种全自动的油气水计量装置。The invention belongs to the field of indoor displacement experiments and relates to a fully automatic oil, gas and water metering device.
背景技术Background technique
在进行室内驱替实验时，大部分计量装置需要人工读取驱替出的油量、气量或水量，但是人工读取误差较大，得到的数据不准确，且需要时刻守在现场，耗时耗力，现有的计量装置种类繁多，但大都无法完成油气水三相计量，且无法自动进行读取记录工作，如公开专利CN101832804A为一种油水计量仪，该计量仪只能计算油水的质量，无法收集气体体积信息；公开专利CN101986107A所述的油水计量装置避免了油水混合造成的误差，但需要人工读取示数，易造成误差；公开专利CN109752507A为油气水计量装置，所述计量装置的收集器内需保持油水界面固定，因此需人工时刻观察液面高度，另外，由于油水分层的分界线并不明显，容易导致读取数据产生误差，得到的数据不准确。以上简述的几种油水或油气水计量装置均需要人工操作且计量的方式主要为刻度读数或称重法，对计量的准确性有影响且浪费人力资源。针对现有的问题，需要设计一种全自动的油气水计量装置，完成全自动收集流体，自动计量并记录的实验过程。When carrying out indoor displacement experiments, most metering devices need to manually read the amount of oil, gas or water displaced, but the manual reading error is large, the data obtained is inaccurate, and it is time-consuming to keep on site at all times Power consumption, there are many types of existing metering devices, but most of them cannot complete the three-phase metering of oil, gas and water, and cannot automatically read and record. For example, the public patent CN101832804A is an oil-water meter, which can only calculate the quality of oil-water , unable to collect gas volume information; the oil-water metering device described in the public patent CN101986107A avoids the error caused by the mixing of oil and water, but requires manual reading of the indication, which is easy to cause errors; the public patent CN109752507A is an oil-gas-water metering device, and the metering device The oil-water interface in the collector needs to be kept fixed, so the liquid level needs to be observed manually at all times. In addition, because the boundary line of the oil-water layer is not obvious, it is easy to cause errors in the reading data and the obtained data is inaccurate. The several oil-water or oil-gas-water metering devices briefly described above all require manual operation and the metering methods are mainly scale readings or weighing methods, which affect the accuracy of metering and waste human resources. In view of the existing problems, it is necessary to design a fully automatic oil, gas and water metering device to complete the experimental process of fully automatic fluid collection, automatic metering and recording.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于解决目前进行驱替实验时需人工记录油气水体积，耗时耗力且不准确的问题，设计发明了一种基于红外线探测的全自动高精度油气水三相计量系统，通过该装置可自动完成驱替实验的计量工作，且根据管线出样速度自动判断实验结束时间，并控制回压结束实验。该装置使用简单，计量准确，能够解决人力记录出现的部分问题。The purpose of the present invention is to solve the current time-consuming, labor-intensive and inaccurate problem of manually recording the volume of oil, gas and water in the displacement experiment. A fully automatic high-precision oil, gas and water three-phase metering system based on infrared detection is designed and invented. The device can automatically complete the metering work of the displacement experiment, and automatically judge the end time of the experiment according to the pipeline sample delivery speed, and control the back pressure to end the experiment. The device is easy to use and accurate in measurement, and can solve some problems in manpower records.
为达到以上技术目的，本发明采用以下技术方案。In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.
一种基于红外线探测的全自动高精度油气水三相计量系统，主要由电机、齿轮、丝杆、齿条、分离器、干燥器、单向阀、压缩机、气体存储容器、控制面板等组成。驱替出的流体通过管线从回压阀流出至平底试管中，该试管与普通的试管不同，其整体呈圆柱形，底部不易晃动，读取流体体积更加准确。试管塞上有一光接收处理装置，试管下方有一光源，光接收处理装置接收穿过液体的光线，将光线强弱、接受时间的变化转化为电信号，并将此信息传递给控制中心，分析液面高度，控制中心操作夹持装置取下试管。平底试管经由传动装置移动，传动装置主要有电机、丝杆、齿轮等部件，导杆与丝杆通过横梁相连，丝杆上有一具有内螺纹的传动器，丝杆下方的电机转动带动锥齿轮运转，其与另一锥齿轮啮合使得齿轮改为水平转动带动轴承杆转动，该轴承杆上的齿轮与丝杆啮合带动丝杆转动。随着丝杆的转动，传动器可带动导杆上的滑动器上下移动。滑动器上的电机带动转动头，可使试管实现多维度的操作位移。所述转动头左方安装有电机，电机可带动伸缩杆运转，伸缩杆由外螺纹丝杆与内螺纹丝杆组成，当电机运转时，外螺纹丝杆被电机带动转动，内螺纹丝杆因螺纹结构会被带动向前或向后运移，因而完成伸长收缩的功能。另外，导杆与丝杆均在一条传送带上，电机带动驱动带轮转动使得传送带向前或向后移动。A fully automatic high-precision oil-gas-water three-phase metering system based on infrared detection, mainly composed of motor, gear, screw, rack, separator, dryer, one-way valve, compressor, gas storage container, control panel, etc. . The displaced fluid flows out from the back pressure valve into the flat-bottomed test tube through the pipeline. This test tube is different from ordinary test tubes in that it is cylindrical in shape, and the bottom is not easy to shake, so it is more accurate to read the fluid volume. There is a light receiving and processing device on the test tube plug, and a light source under the test tube. The light receiving and processing device receives the light passing through the liquid, converts the light intensity and the change of receiving time into electrical signals, and transmits this information to the control center to analyze the liquid. surface height, the control center operates the clamping device to take off the test tube. The flat-bottomed test tube is moved through the transmission device. The transmission device mainly includes motors, screw rods, gears and other components. The guide rod and the screw rod are connected by a beam. There is a driver with internal threads on the screw rod. , which meshes with another bevel gear so that the gear rotates horizontally to drive the bearing rod to rotate, and the gear on the bearing rod meshes with the screw rod to drive the screw rod to rotate. Along with the rotation of the screw mandrel, the driver can drive the slider on the guide rod to move up and down. The motor on the slider drives the rotating head, which can make the test tube realize multi-dimensional operation displacement. A motor is installed on the left side of the rotating head, and the motor can drive the telescopic rod to run. The telescopic rod is composed of an externally threaded screw rod and an internally threaded screw rod. The thread structure will be driven to move forward or backward, thus completing the function of elongation and contraction. In addition, both the guide rod and the screw rod are on a conveyor belt, and the motor drives the drive pulley to rotate to make the conveyor belt move forward or backward.
所述自动夹持装置主要有电机、椭圆形凸轮、夹持板、弹簧等结构，当需要夹持试管时，电机运转带动凸轮转动，使得椭圆形凸轮的长轴方向处于水平，隔板之间由弹簧相连，弹簧被拉伸，隔板被推开，夹持板与隔板相连，也被拉开，此时将试管放入其中，电机停止运转，弹簧自动收缩将隔板拉回，试管因此被夹持住。The automatic clamping device mainly has structures such as a motor, an elliptical cam, a clamping plate, and a spring. When the test tube needs to be clamped, the motor runs to drive the cam to rotate, so that the direction of the long axis of the elliptical cam is horizontal, and the gap between the partitions Connected by a spring, the spring is stretched, the partition is pushed away, the clamping plate is connected with the partition, and is also pulled apart, at this time, the test tube is put into it, the motor stops running, the spring automatically shrinks to pull the partition back, and the test tube So it is clamped.
通过以上的部件，可将平底试管转移到分离器以及试管架上，从而完成全自动更换试管的目的。所述分离器通过电机运转，使得分离器不断旋转，通过离心作用将试管中的油水分离，油水界面更加清晰，油水的体积计算更加精确。Through the above components, the flat-bottom test tube can be transferred to the separator and the test tube rack, so as to achieve the purpose of fully automatic replacement of the test tube. The separator is operated by a motor, so that the separator rotates continuously, and the oil and water in the test tube are separated by centrifugal action, the oil-water interface is clearer, and the volume calculation of oil and water is more accurate.
所述计量系统的试管架周围有不封口的长方体，长方体一侧有红外线发射装置，电机带动齿轮运转，使得齿条上下运动，红外线发射器也随之上下移动，红外线接收装置即可将移动过程中的折射率变化反馈给控制中心，控制中心经过计算可以得出油水的分界面，进而得到油水的体积。There is an unsealed cuboid around the test tube rack of the metering system, and an infrared emitting device is arranged on one side of the cuboid, and the motor drives the gear to run, so that the rack moves up and down, and the infrared emitter also moves up and down accordingly, and the infrared receiving device can complete the moving process. The change of the refractive index in the center is fed back to the control center, and the control center can obtain the interface of oil and water through calculation, and then obtain the volume of oil and water.
驱替出的流体中含有气体，通过试管上的管线进入干燥器，干燥器可以分离出气体中的水分，气体继续流动，通过压缩机将低压气体压缩为高压气体并转移到气体存储容器中，为避免气体回流，在压缩机前后管线安装单向阀，仅允许气体单向流动。所述气体存储容器的体积固定，其中有一压力传感器，将压力数据传送给控制中心，经过计算可以得出常压下气体的体积。The displaced fluid contains gas and enters the dryer through the pipeline on the test tube. The dryer can separate the moisture in the gas, and the gas continues to flow. The low-pressure gas is compressed into high-pressure gas by the compressor and transferred to the gas storage container. In order to avoid gas backflow, a one-way valve is installed in the pipeline before and after the compressor, which only allows the gas to flow in one direction. The volume of the gas storage container is fixed, and there is a pressure sensor in it, which transmits the pressure data to the control center, and the volume of the gas under normal pressure can be obtained through calculation.
另外，所述试管塞与管线之间固定不会移动，试管塞上有一光接收处理装置，试管下方有一光源，光源发出光线照射试管，经过水、油液体折射后进入空气，最终被光接收处理装置收集，由于液体是光密介质，空气是光疏介质，光线从液体进入空气时，入射角大于临界角的光线会发生全反射，通过光接收处理装置接收的光线强度以及时间等因素，可分析出液面高度。当液面达到一定高度时，控制中心操控电机运转取换试管；当液面长时间保持稳定时，输出的信号保持一致，则控制中心判定不出油，进而操作回压泵增大回压，使得回压大于流体压力，结束实验。整个油气水计量装置上方可打开，实验结束后可通过上方开口取出用过的试管，方便快捷，且其内的管线等可拆卸或调整位置。In addition, the test tube plug and the pipeline are fixed and will not move. There is a light receiving and processing device on the test tube plug. There is a light source under the test tube. Collected by the device, since the liquid is an optically dense medium and the air is an optically sparse medium, when the light enters the air from the liquid, the light with an incident angle greater than the critical angle will undergo total reflection, and the intensity and time of light received by the light receiving and processing device can be determined. Analyze the liquid level. When the liquid level reaches a certain height, the control center controls the motor to run to replace the test tube; when the liquid level remains stable for a long time, the output signal remains consistent, then the control center determines that there is no oil, and then operates the back pressure pump to increase the back pressure. Make the back pressure greater than the fluid pressure, and end the experiment. The top of the entire oil, gas and water metering device can be opened, and the used test tube can be taken out through the top opening after the experiment, which is convenient and quick, and the pipelines inside can be disassembled or adjusted.
与现有的计量装置相比，本发明具有以下几个优势：(1)该计量装置可同时测量油气水的体积，且驱替过程为全自动操作，无需人力时刻操作仪器；(2)采用红外线发射接收装置，利用红外线光线变化自动收集信息，分析得到流体体积，相比于人工读取误差更小；(3)采用分离器的离心作用将油水分离，在试管中油水的分界面更加明显，收集得到的数据更加准确。Compared with the existing metering device, the present invention has the following advantages: (1) the metering device can measure the volume of oil, gas and water at the same time, and the displacement process is fully automatic, without the need for manpower to operate the instrument at all times; (2) using Infrared transmitting and receiving device, using infrared light changes to automatically collect information, analyze the fluid volume, compared with manual reading error is smaller; (3) using the centrifugal action of the separator to separate oil and water, the interface between oil and water in the test tube is more obvious , the collected data is more accurate.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为油气水计量装置正视图Figure 1 is the front view of the oil, gas and water metering device
图2为油气水计量装置侧视图Figure 2 is a side view of the oil, gas and water metering device
图3为油气水计量装置俯视图Figure 3 is a top view of the oil, gas and water metering device
图4为试管架装置图Figure 4 is a diagram of the test tube rack device
图5为自动夹持装置Figure 5 is an automatic clamping device
图6为自动夹持装置细节图Figure 6 is a detailed view of the automatic clamping device
图7为油气水气量计路线图Figure 7 is a roadmap for oil, gas, water and gas meters
图中，1、回压阀；2、进样管线；3、出气管线；4、平底试管；5、光接收处理装置；6、自动夹持装置；7、伸缩杆；8、导杆；9电机；10、传动器；11、转动头；12、丝杆；13、滑动器；14、传动装置；15、传送带；16、驱动带轮；17、试管架；18、开口箱体；19、分离器；20、光源；21、红外线发射器；22、齿轮；23、红外线接收器；24、夹持板；25、弹簧；26、隔板；27、椭圆形凸轮；28、横梁；29、干燥器；30、单向阀；31、空气压缩机；32、气体存储容器；33、压力传感器；34、开关；35、控制面板。In the figure, 1. Back pressure valve; 2. Injection pipeline; 3. Outlet pipeline; 4. Flat bottom test tube; 5. Light receiving and processing device; 6. Automatic clamping device; 7. Telescopic rod; Motor; 10, transmission; 11, rotating head; 12, screw rod; 13, slider; 14, transmission device; 15, conveyor belt; 16, driving pulley; 17, test tube rack; 18, open box; 19, Separator; 20, light source; 21, infrared transmitter; 22, gear; 23, infrared receiver; 24, clamping plate; 25, spring; 26, partition; 27, oval cam; 28, beam; 29, Dryer; 30, one-way valve; 31, air compressor; 32, gas storage container; 33, pressure sensor; 34, switch; 35, control panel.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面根据附图进一步说明本发明，以便于本技术领域的技术人员理解本发明。但应该清楚，本发明不限于具体实施方式的范围，对本技术领域的普通技术人员来讲，只要各种变化在所附的权利要求限定和确定的本发明的精神和范围内，均在保护之列。The present invention will be further described below according to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can understand the present invention. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of specific implementations. For those of ordinary skill in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention defined and determined by the appended claims, they are all within the scope of protection. List.
一种基于红外线探测的全自动高精度油气水三相计量系统，主要构件为电机(9)、夹持装置(6)、伸缩杆(7)、丝杆(11)、干燥器(29)、分离器(19)、压缩机(31)、气体储存容器(32)等。驱替出的流体从回压阀(1)流出后，经由管线(2)进入平底试管(4)中，所述平底试管与普通试管的区别是整个试管呈圆柱状，底部水平，这样设计的目的是便于准确确定试管内的流体体积。A fully automatic high-precision oil-gas-water three-phase metering system based on infrared detection, the main components are a motor (9), a clamping device (6), a telescopic rod (7), a screw rod (11), a dryer (29), Separator (19), compressor (31), gas storage container (32), etc. After the displaced fluid flows out from the back pressure valve (1), it enters the flat-bottomed test tube (4) through the pipeline (2). The purpose is to facilitate accurate determination of the volume of fluid in the test tube.
通过夹持装置(6)和传动装置(14)共同将试管取下并转移到试管架(17)上，夹持装置主要有导杆(8)、伸缩杆(7)、夹持板(24)等部件，传动装置主要由丝杆(12)、电机(9)、传动器(10)、滑动器(13)、传送带(15)等组成。夹持板(24)将试管夹持固定，电机运转带动椭圆形凸轮(27)转动，使得隔板(26)被推开，隔板又与夹持板连接，因而夹持板打开；电机停止后，弹簧(25)自身的弹力将隔板拉紧，夹持板随即合并，将试管夹住。The test tube is removed and transferred to the test tube rack (17) through the clamping device (6) and the transmission device (14). The clamping device mainly includes a guide rod (8), a telescopic rod (7), a clamping plate (24 ) and other parts, the transmission device is mainly composed of screw mandrel (12), motor (9), driver (10), slider (13), conveyor belt (15) and so on. The clamping plate (24) clamps and fixes the test tube, and the operation of the motor drives the elliptical cam (27) to rotate, so that the partition (26) is pushed away, and the partition is connected with the clamping plate, so the clamping plate is opened; the motor stops Finally, the elastic force of the spring (25) itself tightens the dividing plate, and the clamping plates merge immediately to clamp the test tube.
所述自动夹持装置连接伸缩杆(7)，夹持板(24)和伸缩杆(7)通过滑动器(13)固定在导杆(8)上，伸缩杆由外螺纹杆与内螺纹杆组成，滑动器内有一电机，当电机运转时，外螺纹杆随着电机转动而转动，由于外螺纹杆与电机固定不会移动，内螺纹杆与外螺纹杆啮合，因此内螺纹杆开始运移，即伸缩杆开始伸长或收缩，使得试管可以左右移动。导杆(8)与丝杆(12)通过横梁(28)连接，横梁两侧分别为传动器(10)与滑动器(13)，传动器(10)为一内嵌螺纹的块体，与丝杆啮合并随着丝杆的转动而上下移动，丝杆下方有一驱动装置(14)，电机转动使得丝杆转动，并使传动器(10)上下移动。传动器与滑动器通过横梁连接，且传动器移动，滑动器也随之移动，使得试管能够上下移动。滑动器上方的电机带动转动头(11)转动，使得试管可以完成多维度的运移。丝杆与导杆均在一传送带(15)上，电机带动驱动带轮(16)转动，通过摩擦力使得带轮运转，丝杆与导杆均固定在传送带上，随传送带的运动而运移。通过以上装置，试管可以上下、左右、前后移动，可自动夹取或放开试管，完成了全自动的换取试管过程，其中，所提到的左右、上下、前后移动是基于油气水计量装置的正视图而定的。The automatic clamping device is connected to the telescopic rod (7), the clamping plate (24) and the telescopic rod (7) are fixed on the guide rod (8) through the slider (13), and the telescopic rod is composed of an externally threaded rod and an internally threaded rod. Composition, there is a motor inside the slider, when the motor is running, the external threaded rod rotates with the rotation of the motor, because the external threaded rod and the motor are fixed and will not move, the internal threaded rod and the external threaded rod mesh, so the internal threaded rod starts to move , that is, the telescopic rod begins to extend or contract, allowing the test tube to move left and right. The guide rod (8) and the screw mandrel (12) are connected by a crossbeam (28). The two sides of the crossbeam are respectively a driver (10) and a slider (13). The driver (10) is a block with embedded threads, and The screw mandrel engages and moves up and down with the rotation of the screw mandrel. There is a driving device (14) below the screw mandrel. The rotation of the motor makes the screw mandrel rotate, and the driver (10) moves up and down. The actuator and the slider are connected by a beam, and when the actuator moves, the slider also moves accordingly, so that the test tube can move up and down. The motor above the slider drives the rotating head (11) to rotate, so that the test tube can move in multiple dimensions. Both the screw rod and the guide rod are on a conveyor belt (15), the motor drives the pulley (16) to rotate, and the pulley runs through friction, the screw rod and the guide rod are fixed on the conveyor belt, and move with the movement of the conveyor belt . Through the above device, the test tube can move up and down, left and right, and forward and backward, and can automatically clamp or release the test tube, completing the fully automatic process of changing the test tube. Among them, the mentioned left and right, up and down, and forward and backward movements are based on the oil, gas and water metering device. Depending on the front view.
所述传动装置将试管放入分离器(19)中，分离器为一圆台形釜体，内部设置有斜放的圆柱形孔以放置试管，分离器下方有一电机(9)，电机带动分离器转动，通过离心作用将油水分离，油水界面更加明显，计量更加准确。The transmission device puts the test tubes into the separator (19). The separator is a circular truncated kettle body with obliquely placed cylindrical holes for placing the test tubes. There is a motor (9) under the separator, which drives the separator. Rotating, the oil and water are separated by centrifugal action, the oil-water interface is more obvious, and the measurement is more accurate.
取出试管后，自动将试管放入试管架(17)上，试管架固定在一个不封口的长方体(18)中，试管架的一侧安装有红外线发射装置，红外线发射装置由红外线发射器(21)、齿轮(22)和电机(9)组成，红外线发射器的间隔与试管之间的间隔一致，另一侧安装有红外线接收器(23)，红外线发射器由电机带动上下运转，发射的红外线穿过试管中的油或水，经折射后被红外线接收器(23)接收并反馈给控制中心(35)，分析出折射介质是油或是水，红外线发射装置可通过齿条上下移动，齿条通过电机和齿轮运转可以带动红外线发射器(21)上下运移，因而通过折射率的不同反馈给控制中心可以准确获得油和水的体积。After taking out the test tube, the test tube is put into the test tube rack (17) automatically, the test tube rack is fixed in an unsealed cuboid (18), and an infrared emitting device is installed on one side of the test tube rack, and the infrared emitting device consists of an infrared emitter (21 ), gear (22) and motor (9), the interval of the infrared emitter is consistent with the interval between the test tubes, the other side is equipped with an infrared receiver (23), the infrared emitter is driven by the motor to run up and down, and the emitted infrared The oil or water passing through the test tube is received by the infrared receiver (23) after refraction and fed back to the control center (35), and it is analyzed whether the refraction medium is oil or water. The infrared emitting device can move up and down through the rack, and the gear The bar can drive the infrared emitter (21) to move up and down through the motor and gear operation, so the volume of oil and water can be accurately obtained by feeding back to the control center through the difference in refractive index.
试管中的气体通过上方的管线进入干燥器(29)中，干燥器(29)将气体中的水分去除，接着通过压缩机(31)将低压气体压缩为高压气体，压缩机两侧的管线连接有单向阀(30)，仅允许气体单向通过，从低压侧进入高压侧，且防止气体存储容器(32)中的气体回流到压缩机(31)中。气体存储容器(32)中有一压力传感器(33)，可检测气体储存容器中的压力并反馈到控制中心(35)，当压力达到一定值时，打开阀门(34)放出其中的气体。The gas in the test tube enters the drier (29) through the pipeline above, and the drier (29) removes the moisture in the gas, and then compresses the low-pressure gas into a high-pressure gas through the compressor (31), and the pipelines on both sides of the compressor are connected to There is a one-way valve (30), which only allows gas to pass through in one direction, from the low-pressure side to the high-pressure side, and prevents the gas in the gas storage container (32) from flowing back into the compressor (31). There is a pressure sensor (33) in the gas storage container (32), which can detect the pressure in the gas storage container and feed it back to the control center (35). When the pressure reaches a certain value, the valve (34) is opened to release the gas therein.
试管塞固定在管线上不会移动，试管塞上有一光接收处理装置(5)，试管下方有一光源(20)。在实验过程中，光源从下方发射一束光线，穿过试管底部后进入试管内的液体中，再穿过液体进入空气，最终被光接收处理装置接收信号并分析出液面高度。当光接收处理装置收集到的信号一定时间不变后，即液面长时间稳定，控制中心(35)判断管线(2)不在出油，并控制回压泵升高回压，结束实验。The test tube stopper is fixed on the pipeline and will not move. There is a light receiving and processing device (5) on the test tube stopper, and a light source (20) under the test tube. During the experiment, the light source emits a beam of light from below, passes through the bottom of the test tube and enters the liquid in the test tube, then passes through the liquid and enters the air, and finally receives the signal by the light receiving and processing device and analyzes the liquid level. When the signal collected by the light receiving and processing device remains unchanged for a certain period of time, that is, the liquid level is stable for a long time, the control center (35) judges that the pipeline (2) is not producing oil, and controls the back pressure pump to increase the back pressure, and ends the experiment.
具体实验流程如下，降低回压使得流体逐渐被驱出，流体通过管线(2)进入试管(4)，当试管内的流体达到一定高度时，试管塞上的光接收处理装置(5)处理光信息后反馈给控制中心(35)，控制电机(9)向下移动取出试管，接着根据设定的操作步骤将试管放入分离器(19)中，同时，在试管架(17)上取出另一干净试管(4)继续收集流体。经过一定时间的离心油水分离后，取出试管放入试管架(17)上，红外线发射器(21)自动发射红外线，通过试管中的流体后被红外线接收器(23)接收，并根据折射率不同反馈给控制中心(35)，经过计算机计算后得出油和水的体积。气体通过干燥器(29)去除水分后经过单向阀(30)进入压缩机(31)，压缩机将气体压缩成高压气体后注入气体存储容器(32)中，其中的压力传感器(33)时刻传输气体存储容器内的压力，当达到一定值时，可打开阀门(34)排出气体。当光接收处理装置(5)接收到的信息一定时间稳定不变后，控制中心(35)判断此时管线不在出油，控制回压泵增加回压，停止实验。The specific experimental procedure is as follows. The back pressure is lowered so that the fluid is gradually driven out. The fluid enters the test tube (4) through the pipeline (2). When the fluid in the test tube reaches a certain height, the light receiving and processing device (5) on the test tube stopper processes the light. After the information is fed back to the control center (35), the control motor (9) moves downward to take out the test tubes, and then puts the test tubes into the separator (19) according to the set operation steps. A clean test tube (4) continues to collect fluid. After a certain period of centrifugal oil-water separation, take out the test tube and put it on the test tube rack (17), the infrared emitter (21) automatically emits infrared rays, which are received by the infrared receiver (23) after passing through the fluid in the test tube, and according to the difference in refractive index Feedback to the control center (35), draw the volume of oil and water after computer calculation. The gas passes through the dryer (29) to remove moisture and enters the compressor (31) through the one-way valve (30). The compressor compresses the gas into high-pressure gas and injects it into the gas storage container (32). When the pressure in the transmission gas storage container reaches a certain value, the valve (34) can be opened to discharge the gas. When the information received by the optical receiving and processing device (5) is stable for a certain period of time, the control center (35) judges that the pipeline is not producing oil at this time, controls the back pressure pump to increase the back pressure, and stops the experiment.
图7为油气水计量装置的电路图，控制中心降低回压使流体流出，试管中的光接收处理装置反馈给控制中心计算出液面高度，达到一定高度时，控制中心操控夹持传动装置将试管转移到分离器中，油水分离后将试管转移到试管架上，试管架两侧的红外线发射接收装置将收集到的信息传递给控制中心，控制中心算出油水的体积。另外，试管中的气体经过处理后进入气体存储容器中，其内的压力传感器将压力信息反馈给控制中心，控制中心计算出气体体积，当压力达到一定值时，控制中心操控气体存储容器打开阀门放出气体。当试管中的光接收处理装置反馈给控制中心的信息长时间不变时，认为不再出油，控制中心将回压升高，结束实验。Figure 7 is the circuit diagram of the oil, gas and water metering device. The control center reduces the back pressure to make the fluid flow out. The light receiving and processing device in the test tube feeds back to the control center to calculate the liquid level height. When it reaches a certain height, the control center controls the clamping transmission device to move the test tube After the oil and water are separated, the test tube is transferred to the test tube rack. The infrared emitting and receiving devices on both sides of the test tube rack transmit the collected information to the control center, and the control center calculates the volume of oil and water. In addition, the gas in the test tube enters the gas storage container after being processed, and the pressure sensor in it feeds back the pressure information to the control center, and the control center calculates the gas volume. When the pressure reaches a certain value, the control center controls the gas storage container to open the valve Give off gas. When the information fed back to the control center by the light receiving and processing device in the test tube remains unchanged for a long time, it is considered that there is no more oil, and the control center will increase the back pressure to end the experiment.
本发明并不限于上述实施方式，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种变更。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various changes can be made to the present invention for those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
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