CN115777270A - Equipment is alleviated in soil acidizing based on moisture management - Google Patents
Equipment is alleviated in soil acidizing based on moisture management Download PDFInfo
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- CN115777270A CN115777270A CN202211440470.0A CN202211440470A CN115777270A CN 115777270 A CN115777270 A CN 115777270A CN 202211440470 A CN202211440470 A CN 202211440470A CN 115777270 A CN115777270 A CN 115777270A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 133
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000000116 mitigating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 115
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000193744 Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000194108 Bacillus licheniformis Species 0.000 description 2
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N Heavy water Chemical compound [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002688 soil aggregate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 aluminum ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a soil acidification relieving device based on water management. The moisture management based soil acidification mitigation device comprises a soil layer; the drip irrigation pipe is laid on the surfaces of the soil covering layer and the soil layer, the side wall of the drip irrigation pipe abuts against the second fixing rod with the L-shaped side wall, the side wall of the first fixing rod is fixedly connected with the second fixing rod, the inclined rod is obliquely installed on the side wall of the second fixing rod, the inclined rod, the first fixing rod and the second fixing rod penetrate through the covering mechanism to enter the soil layer, and the filter screens are respectively installed on the side walls of the first fixing rod and the second fixing rod; a connecting mechanism; a compression mechanism; a suction mechanism; a fermentation mechanism; and a filtering mechanism. The soil acidification relieving equipment based on water management has the advantages of reducing the erosion of rainwater to soil, improving the content of beneficial microorganisms in soil and improving acid soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil acidification treatment, in particular to soil acidification mitigation equipment based on water management.
Background
Acidification is an important aspect of the soil weathering and soil-forming process, and causes the reduction of pH value, the formation of acid soil, the influence on the activity of organisms in the soil, the change of the form of nutrients in the soil, the reduction of the effectiveness of the nutrients, and the promotion of the dissolution of free manganese and aluminum ions into the soil solution, thereby generating toxic action on crops.
When the farmland is irrigated with heavy water frequently or in a region with heavy rain frequently, a large amount of alkaline ions such as calcium, magnesium, potassium and the like in the soil are washed away by running water (for example, the alkaline ions such as calcium, magnesium, potassium and the like in a plough layer are carried to deeper soil by water), so that the more the alkalinity of the soil is, the more the acidity is, and the more the acidified soil is formed. In order to improve soil acidification, when fruit trees are planted, straws are usually covered around the fruit trees, and the fruit trees are irrigated in a drip irrigation direction; however, when the wind blows and rains, the strong wind and the rainwater easily blow away or wash away the straws, the rainwater washes soil to aggravate soil acidification, and the rainwater easily washes silt into the drip irrigation pipe to cause the blockage of the drip irrigation pipe, so that the irrigation of the fruit trees is not facilitated.
Therefore, there is a need to provide a new soil acidification mitigation device based on water management to solve the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide soil acidification relieving equipment based on water management, which can reduce the erosion of rainwater to soil, improve the content of beneficial microorganisms in the soil and improve acid soil.
In order to solve the technical problem, the soil acidification mitigation device based on water management provided by the invention comprises: a soil layer; the covering mechanism comprises a straw layer, a water-retaining agent layer and a covering soil layer, wherein the water-retaining agent layer, the straw layer and the covering soil layer are sequentially laid on the surface of the soil layer; the drip irrigation mechanism comprises a drip irrigation pipe, a connecting pipe, a first fixing rod, a second fixing rod, an inclined rod and a filter screen, wherein the drip irrigation pipe is laid on the surfaces of the soil covering layer and the soil layer, the side wall of the drip irrigation pipe is abutted against the second fixing rod with an L-shaped side wall, the side wall of the first fixing rod is fixedly connected with the second fixing rod, the inclined rod is obliquely installed on the side wall of the second fixing rod, the inclined rod, the first fixing rod and the second fixing rod penetrate through the covering mechanism to enter the soil layer, and the filter screen is respectively installed on the side walls of the first fixing rod and the second fixing rod; the connecting mechanisms are respectively arranged on the side walls of the first fixing rod and the second fixing rod, and two ends of the connecting pipe are respectively connected with the drip irrigation pipe and one of the connecting mechanisms; the compression mechanism is fixed on the side wall of the second fixing rod; the absorbing mechanism is arranged inside the soil layer and is connected with the drip irrigation pipe; the fermentation mechanism is arranged on the side wall of the suction mechanism; and the filtering mechanism is connected with the suction mechanism and the fermentation mechanism.
Preferably, the suction mechanism comprises a water pipe, a water pump, a storage pool, a hose, a floating plate and a filter cylinder, the storage pool is arranged inside the soil layer, and the water pump is mounted on the surface of the storage pool; the water suction pump is connected with the water pipe and the hose, and the water pipe is communicated with the drip irrigation pipe; the floating plate is arranged in the storage pool, the filter cartridge is installed at the bottom end of the floating plate, and the hose is installed in the filter cartridge.
Preferably, the fermentation mechanism comprises a stirring rod, a first supporting rod, a fermentation cylinder, a blow-off pipe, a circulating pipe, a second supporting rod, a sliding chute, a clamping block, a pressing plate and a rubber pad, the fermentation cylinder is arranged on one side of the storage pool, the interior of the fermentation cylinder is rotatably connected with the first supporting rod and the stirring rod, and the stirring rod is installed on the side wall of the first supporting rod; the second supporting rod is connected with the inside of the fermentation cylinder in a sliding manner, and the second supporting rod is connected with the first supporting rod and the rubber pad in a sliding manner; the spiral sliding groove is formed in the second supporting rod, the clamping block is connected to the inside of the sliding groove in a sliding mode, and the top end of the first supporting rod is symmetrically and fixedly connected with the clamping block; the bottom of second bracing piece installs infundibulate the rubber pad with the clamp plate, and has elasticity the rubber pad sliding connection the inside wall of fermentation cylinder, the lateral wall of fermentation cylinder install the circulating pipe with the blow off pipe.
Preferably, the filtering mechanism comprises a flushing pipe, a feeding pipe, a valve, a supporting net and a gauze layer; the two ends of the feeding pipe are respectively connected with the storage tank and the fermentation cylinder; the supporting net is arranged in the fermentation cylinder, and the gauze layer is arranged on the side wall of the supporting net; the inlet pipe with the flushing pipe is installed respectively to the inside of supporting network, just the one end of flushing pipe is connected the water pipe.
Preferably, the valve is respectively installed on the side wall of the sewage draining pipe, the side wall of the flushing pipe and the side wall of the feeding pipe, and the sewage draining pipe and the feeding pipe are arranged at the bottom end of the fermentation cylinder.
Preferably, the connecting mechanism includes a floating ball, an installation pipe, a fixing net and a communicating pipe, the side walls of the first fixing rod and the second fixing rod are respectively installed with the installation pipe in an arc shape, the fixing net is installed inside the installation pipe, the fixing net is arranged at the bottom end of the fixing net, and the floating ball is clamped with one end of the installation pipe.
Preferably, the mounting pipe located on the side wall of the first fixing rod is connected with the connecting pipe, the top end of the mounting pipe located on the side wall of the second fixing rod is fixedly connected with the communicating pipe, and the side wall of the communicating pipe is of a U-shaped structure.
Preferably, the compression mechanism comprises a piston, a spring, a compression pipe, a pull rod and a limiting block, the compression pipe is mounted at the top end of the second fixing rod, and the limiting block is mounted at the bottom end of the compression pipe; the piston and the pull rod are connected with the inside of the compression pipe in a sliding manner, and the bottom end of the pull rod is fixedly connected with the piston; the lateral wall suit of pull rod the spring, just the both ends of spring are connected respectively the piston with the compression pipe.
Preferably, the height of first dead lever is less than the height of second dead lever, the lateral wall installation of second dead lever is a plurality of the filter screen, the second dead lever the top the filter screen with the first dead lever lateral wall the filter screen is contradicted water retaining agent layer, just the height of filter screen is followed the second dead lever bottom is towards the direction on second dead lever top increases gradually.
Compared with the related art, the soil acidification alleviating device based on water management provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a soil acidification relieving device based on water management, wherein a water-retaining agent layer, a straw layer and a soil covering layer are sequentially laid around a fruit tree from bottom to top, a first fixing rod and a second fixing rod penetrate through the soil covering layer and enter the soil layer, the first fixing rod and the second fixing rod fix a drip irrigation pipe around the fruit tree, the first fixing rod and the second fixing rod press the straw, the soil covering layer presses the straw layer at the same time, the straw is prevented from being washed away by wind and rain, and the straw covers the surface of the soil layer when raining, so that the soil acidification is relieved; the filter screen is positioned in the soil layer, when raining, rainwater sequentially penetrates through the soil covering layer and the straw layer to enter the water-retaining agent layer, and the granular water-retaining agent absorbs water, so that a large amount of rainwater is absorbed by the water-retaining agent layer, the influence of the rainwater on the filter screen is reduced, and the rainwater is prevented from carrying impurities to enter the filter screen; in the drip irrigation process, water enters the interiors of the first fixing rod and the second fixing rod through the drip irrigation pipe and the connecting pipe, and enters the interior of the soil layer through the filter screen, the height of the filter screen is gradually increased along the direction from the bottom end of the second fixing rod to the top end of the second fixing rod, so that the water quantity flowing out of the interior of the filter screen is gradually increased along the direction from the bottom end of the second fixing rod to the top end of the second fixing rod, most of the water is left on the surface layer of the soil layer, and the water is convenient for a plant root system to absorb; the filter screen at the top of the second fixing rod and the filter screen on the side wall of the first fixing rod abut against the water-retaining agent layer, so that part of water flowing out of the filter screen enters the water-retaining agent layer, the water-retaining agent layer stores part of water, the water in the drip irrigation process is prevented from completely entering a soil layer and being wasted, and when the drip irrigation is not performed, part of water enters the soil layer through the water-retaining agent layer, so that the utilization efficiency of drip irrigation water is improved, the water quantity of each drip irrigation is reduced, the interval time of the drip irrigation is prolonged, the loss of alkaline ions caused by the fact that the water content in the soil layer is too large is avoided, and soil acidification is further relieved; during the drip irrigation process, a part of water is stored in the water-retaining agent layers, and the water-retaining agent layers are in contact with the straw layers, so that the bottom ends of the straw layers are always kept moist, meanwhile, when the drip irrigation process is not carried out, air enters the soil layer through the connecting mechanism, the air permeability of the soil layer is improved, a large number of beneficial microorganisms (microorganisms comprise bacillus subtilis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus licheniformis and the like) are propagated inside the straw layers, the content of the beneficial microorganisms inside the soil is improved, the soil aggregate structure is improved, the water and fertilizer retention capacity is enhanced, the plant disease resistance is improved, meanwhile, the straw rot is accelerated, the rotted straw water-retaining agent layers are tightly attached to the surfaces of the soil layer and the straw layers, and the straw is further prevented from being taken away by wind or rainwater.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a soil acidification mitigation device based on water management provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the structure at A shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the structure shown in FIG. 2 at D;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the structure at B in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the structure shown at E in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the structure shown at C in FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the structure shown at F in FIG. 4;
fig. 8 is a top view of the drip irrigation mechanism shown in fig. 1.
The reference numbers in the figures: 1. 2, a covering mechanism, 21, a straw layer, 22, a water-retaining agent layer, 23, a covering soil layer, 3, a drip irrigation mechanism, 31, a drip irrigation pipe, 32, a connecting pipe, 33, a first fixing rod, 34, a second fixing rod, 35, an inclined rod, 36, a filter screen, 4, an absorbing mechanism, 41, a water pipe, 42, a water pump, 43, a storage tank, 44, a hose, 45, a floating plate, 46, a filter cartridge, 5, a connecting mechanism, 51, a floating ball, 52, a mounting pipe, 53, a fixing net, 54, a communicating pipe, 6, a compression mechanism, 61, a piston, 62, a spring, 63, a compression pipe, 64, a pull rod, 65, a limiting block, 7, a fermentation mechanism, 71, a stirring rod, 72, a first supporting rod, 73, a fermentation cylinder, 74, a sewage pipe, 75, a circulating pipe, 76, a second supporting rod, 77, a sliding groove, 78, a clamping block, 79, a pressing plate, 710, a rubber pad, 8, a filtering mechanism, 81, a flushing pipe, 82, a feeding pipe, 83, a valve, 84, a supporting gauze layer, 85 and a gauze layer.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and embodiments.
Please refer to fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, fig. 5, fig. 6, fig. 7 and fig. 8 in combination, wherein fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a soil acidification mitigation apparatus based on moisture management according to the present invention; FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the structure at A shown in FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the structure shown at D in FIG. 2; FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the structure shown at B in FIG. 1; FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the structure shown at E in FIG. 4; FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the structure shown at C in FIG. 1; FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the structure shown at F in FIG. 4; fig. 8 is a top view of the drip irrigation mechanism shown in fig. 1. The soil acidification mitigation device based on water management comprises a soil layer 1; the covering mechanism 2 comprises a straw layer 21, a water-retaining agent layer 22 and a covering soil layer 23, wherein the water-retaining agent layer 22, the straw layer 21 and the covering soil layer 23 are sequentially paved on the surface of the soil layer 1; the drip irrigation mechanism 3 comprises a drip irrigation pipe 31, a connecting pipe 32, a first fixing rod 33, a second fixing rod 34, an inclined rod 35 and a filter screen 36, wherein the drip irrigation pipe 31 is laid on the surface of the soil covering layer 23 and the surface of the soil layer 1, the side wall of the drip irrigation pipe 31 abuts against the second fixing rod 34 with the side wall in an L shape, the side wall of the first fixing rod 33 is fixedly connected with the second fixing rod 34, the inclined rod 35 is obliquely installed on the side wall of the second fixing rod 34, the inclined rod 35, the first fixing rod 33 and the second fixing rod 34 penetrate through the covering mechanism 2 to enter the soil layer 1, and the filter screen 36 is respectively installed on the side walls of the first fixing rod 33 and the second fixing rod 34; a plurality of connection mechanisms 5, wherein the connection mechanisms 5 are respectively installed on the side walls of the first fixing rod 33 and the second fixing rod 34, and two ends of the connection pipe 32 are respectively connected with the drip irrigation pipe 31 and one of the connection mechanisms 5; a compressing mechanism 6, wherein the compressing mechanism 6 is fixed on the side wall of the second fixing rod 34; the absorbing mechanism 4 is arranged inside the soil layer 1, and the absorbing mechanism 4 is connected with the drip irrigation pipe 31; the fermentation mechanism 7 is arranged on the side wall of the suction mechanism 4, and the fermentation mechanism 7 is arranged on the side wall of the suction mechanism 4; and the filtering mechanism 8 is connected with the suction mechanism 4 and the fermentation mechanism 7 through the filtering mechanism 8.
The suction mechanism 4 comprises a water pipe 41, a water pump 42, a storage pool 43, a hose 44, a floating plate 45 and a filter cartridge 46, wherein the storage pool 43 is arranged inside the soil layer 1, and the water pump 42 is arranged on the surface of the storage pool 43; the water suction pump 42 is connected with the water pipe 41 and the hose 44, and the water pipe 41 is communicated with the drip irrigation pipe 31; the floating plate 45 is arranged inside the storage tank 43, the filter cartridge 46 is mounted at the bottom end of the floating plate 45, the hose 44 is mounted inside the filter cartridge 46, in order to facilitate the water to be put into the storage tank 43, the water is settled inside the storage tank 43, the floating plate 45 is mounted on the surface of the filter cartridge 46, the floating plate 45 is in contact with the water to generate buoyancy, the buoyancy generated by the floating plate 45 is greater than the gravity of the filter cartridge 46, so that the filter cartridge 46 floats on the upper layer of the water, when the suction pump 42 is turned on, the suction pump 42 operates to suck the water inside the storage tank 43 into the hose 44 and the water pipe 41, and since the filter cartridge 46 always floats in the water, most of the settled water remains at the bottom end of the storage tank 43, so that the hose 44 sucks the clean water on the upper layer of the storage tank 43, and prevents impurities from entering the interior of the filter cartridge 46 and the hose 44.
The fermentation mechanism 7 comprises a stirring rod 71, a first supporting rod 72, a fermentation cylinder 73, a sewage discharge pipe 74, a circulating pipe 75, a second supporting rod 76, a sliding groove 77, a clamping block 78, a pressing plate 79 and a rubber pad 710, wherein the fermentation cylinder 73 is arranged on one side of the storage pool 43, the interior of the fermentation cylinder 73 is rotatably connected with the first supporting rod 72 and the stirring rod 71, and the stirring rod 71 is arranged on the side wall of the first supporting rod 72; the second support bar 76 is slidably connected inside the fermentation cylinder 73, and the second support bar 76 is slidably connected with the first support bar 72 and the rubber pad 710; the spiral sliding groove 77 is formed in the second support rod 76, the inside of the sliding groove 77 is slidably connected with the fixture block 78, and the top end of the first support rod 72 is symmetrically and fixedly connected with the fixture block 78; the funnel-shaped rubber pad 710 and the pressing plate 79 are arranged at the bottom end of the second supporting rod 76, the elastic rubber pad 710 is connected with the inner side wall of the fermentation cylinder 73 in a sliding way, and the circulating pipe 75 and the sewage draining pipe 74 are arranged on the side wall of the fermentation cylinder 73; when the biological bacterial manure is cultured, substances such as crushed bean cakes, straws and the like, strains and water are placed inside the fermentation cylinder 73; holding the second support rod 76 every two or three days, and downwardly extruding the second support rod 76, wherein the second support rod 76 drives the pressing plate 79 and the rubber pad 710 to move downwards, and the second support rod 76 drives the sliding groove 77 to move downwards, the sliding groove 77 is spiral, when the sliding groove 77 moves downwards, the fixture block 78 moves along the spiral sliding groove 77, so that the fixture block 78, the first support rod 72 and the stirring rod 71 rotate inside the fermentation cylinder 73, the stirring rod 71 moves materials inside the fermentation cylinder 73, and simultaneously, when the rubber pad 710 moves downwards, the materials inside the fermentation cylinder 73 upwardly extrude the rubber pad 710, so that the rubber pad 710 is propped against the inner side wall of the fermentation cylinder 73 to move downwards, the rubber pad 710 props against the pressing plate 79, and the pressing plate 79 prevents the rubber pad 710 from turning upwards, so that the rubber pad 710 moves downwards to extrude the materials into the top end of the fermentation cylinder 73 through the rubber pad 75; when the second support rod 76 and the rubber pad 710 move upwards, the material in the fermentation cylinder 73 presses the rubber pad 710 downwards, so that the rubber pad 710 shrinks and is separated from the inner side wall of the fermentation cylinder 73, and the material can flow in the fermentation cylinder 73; the materials are continuously mixed along with the up-and-down movement of the second support rod 76, so that the materials are convenient to ferment, and mass propagation of strains in the materials is facilitated.
The filtering mechanism 8 comprises a flushing pipe 81, a feeding pipe 82, a valve 83, a supporting net 84 and a gauze layer 85; the two ends of the feeding pipe 82 are respectively connected with the storage tank 43 and the fermentation cylinder 73; the supporting net 84 is arranged in the fermentation cylinder 73, and the gauze layer 85 is arranged on the side wall of the supporting net 84; the feeding pipe 82 and the flushing pipe 81 are respectively installed inside the supporting net 84, and one end of the flushing pipe 81 is connected with the water pipe 41; the side walls of the sewage discharge pipe 74, the flushing pipe 81 and the feeding pipe 82 are respectively provided with the valve 83, and the sewage discharge pipe 74 and the feeding pipe 82 are arranged at the bottom end of the fermentation cylinder 73; when the water pump 42 pumps water, the valve 83 on the side wall of the feeding pipe 82 is opened, and the water inside the fermentation cylinder 73 carries microorganisms to penetrate through the gauze layer 85, the supporting net 84 and the feeding pipe 82 and enter the storage tank 43, so that the content of the microorganisms in the water is increased; in the drip irrigation process, every ten minutes, the valve 83 on the side wall of the feeding pipe 82 is closed, the valve 83 inside the flushing pipe 81 is opened, water inside the water pipe 41 enters the inside of the supporting net 84, the water penetrates through the gauze layer 85 and enters the inside of the fermentation cylinder 73 again, the supporting net 84 and the gauze layer 85 are backflushed, the gauze layer 85 is prevented from being blocked, and meanwhile, the water inside the fermentation cylinder 73 is replenished; when the fermentation cylinder 73 is filled, the valve 83 on the side wall of the feeding pipe 82 is opened, the valve 83 inside the flushing pipe 81 is closed, and the microorganisms are continuously added into the storage tank 43.
The connecting mechanism 5 comprises a floating ball 51, an installation pipe 52, a fixed net 53 and a communicating pipe 54, wherein the installation pipe 52 is installed on the side wall of one end of each of the first fixing rod 33 and the second fixing rod 34 in an arc shape, the fixed net 53 is installed inside the installation pipe 52, the fixed net 53 is arranged at the bottom end of the fixed net 53, and the floating ball 51 is clamped with one end of the installation pipe 52; the mounting pipe 52 located on the side wall of the first fixing rod 33 is connected with the connecting pipe 32, the top end of the mounting pipe 52 located on the side wall of the second fixing rod 34 is fixedly connected with the communicating pipe 54, when water enters the mounting pipe 52 through the connecting pipe 32, the water pushes the floating ball 51 to abut against the fixing net 53, so that the water enters the inside of the first fixing rod 33 and the second fixing rod 34, and the water enters the mounting pipe 52 located on the side wall of the second fixing rod 34, the water pushes the floating ball 51 in the mounting pipe 52 to be clamped with the communicating pipe 54, so that the communicating pipe 54 is closed, and water leakage is avoided; when the drip irrigation is not performed, the floating ball 51 in the installation tube 52 on the side wall of the second fixing rod 34 abuts against the fixing net 53, the communication tube 54 and the installation tube 52 are opened, and air passes through the communication tube 54, the installation tube 52, the first fixing rod 33 and the second fixing rod 34, so that the air permeability of soil is increased, and the propagation of microorganisms is facilitated; and the side wall of the communication pipe 54 is a "U" shaped structure, so that impurities are prevented from entering the inside of the communication pipe 54.
The compression mechanism 6 comprises a piston 61, a spring 62, a compression pipe 63, a pull rod 64 and a limit block 65, the compression pipe 63 is mounted at the top end of the second fixing rod 34, and the limit block 65 is mounted at the bottom end of the compression pipe 63; the inner part of the compression pipe 63 is slidably connected with the piston 61 and the pull rod 64, and the bottom end of the pull rod 64 is fixedly connected with the piston 61; the spring 62 is sleeved on the side wall of the pull rod 64, and two ends of the spring 62 are respectively connected with the piston 61 and the compression pipe 63; when needing to clear up filter screen 36, the extrusion is stepped on to the foot pull rod 64, pull rod 64 drives piston 61 downstream lengthens spring 62, simultaneously piston 61 will the inside water of compression pipe 63 is gone into inside first dead lever 33 with second dead lever 34, and it is in to improve water first dead lever 33 with inside motion pressure and the speed of second dead lever 34 to make water rush out filter screen 36 fast, avoid filter screen 36 blocks up.
The height of the first fixing rod 33 is smaller than that of the second fixing rod 34, and a plurality of filter screens 36 are mounted on the side wall of the second fixing rod 34, so that water seeps into soil layers with different depths through the filter screens 36 on the side wall of the second fixing rod 34 conveniently, and plant root absorption is avoided; the filter screen 36 at the uppermost part of the second fixing rod 34 and the filter screen 36 at the side wall of the first fixing rod 33 abut against the water-retaining agent layer 22, so that part of water flowing out of the filter screen 36 enters the water-retaining agent layer 22, and the water-retaining agent layer 22 stores part of water, thereby avoiding that all water in the drip irrigation process enters a soil layer and avoiding waste; and the height of the filter screen 36 is gradually increased along the direction from the bottom end of the second fixing rod 34 to the top end of the second fixing rod 34, so that the amount of water flowing out of the filter screen 36 is gradually increased along the direction from the bottom end of the second fixing rod 34 to the top end of the second fixing rod 34, and most of the water is left on the surface layer of the soil layer 1, thereby facilitating the absorption of plant roots.
The working principle of the soil acidification relieving equipment based on water management provided by the invention is as follows: the water-retaining agent layer 22, the straw layer 21 and the overburden 23 are sequentially laid around a fruit tree from bottom to top, the first fixing rod 33 and the first fixing rod 34 penetrate through the overburden 2 and enter the soil layer 1, the drip irrigation pipe 31 is fixed around the fruit tree by the first fixing rod 33 and the first fixing rod 34, meanwhile, the straw is pressed by the first fixing rod 33 and the first fixing rod 34, meanwhile, the overburden 23 presses the straw layer 21, the straw is prevented from being washed away by wind and rain, and when the fruit tree is rainy, the straw covers the surface of the soil layer 1, so that the washing of the soil layer 1 by the rain is reduced, and the soil acidification is relieved; inside the soil layer, filter screen 36 is located when raining greatly, the rainwater runs through in proper order cover soil layer 23 straw layer 21 gets into water retaining agent layer 22's inside, and granular water retaining agent absorbs water, makes a large amount of rainwater by water retaining agent layer 22 absorbs, reduces the rainwater right filter screen 36's influence to avoid the rainwater to carry impurity to get into inside the filter screen 36. Before drip irrigation is needed, water is put into the storage tank 43, and the water is settled in the storage tank 43 for 12 hours for use. The floating plate 45 is installed on the surface of the filter cartridge 46, the floating plate 45 is in contact with water to generate buoyancy, and the buoyancy generated by the floating plate 45 is greater than the gravity of the filter cartridge 46, so that the filter cartridge 46 floats on the upper layer of the water. When drip irrigation is needed, the water pump 42 is connected with an external power supply, when the water pump 42 is turned on, the water pump 42 operates to suck the water in the storage pool 43 into the hose 44 and the water pipe 41, and since the filter cartridge 46 always floats in the water, most of impurities in the settled water are left at the bottom end of the storage pool 43, so that the hose 44 sucks the clean water in the upper layer of the storage pool 43, and the impurities are prevented from entering the filter cartridge 46 and the interior of the hose 44; when the water pump 42 pumps water, the valve 83 on the side wall of the feeding pipe 82 is opened, and the water inside the fermentation cylinder 73 carries microorganisms to penetrate through the gauze layer 85, the supporting net 84 and the feeding pipe 82 and enter the storage tank 43, so that the content of the microorganisms in the water is increased; in the drip irrigation process, every ten minutes, the valve 83 on the side wall of the feeding pipe 82 is closed, the valve 83 inside the flushing pipe 81 is opened, water inside the water pipe 41 enters the inside of the supporting net 84, the water penetrates through the gauze layer 85 and enters the inside of the fermentation cylinder 73 again, the supporting net 84 and the gauze layer 85 are backflushed, the gauze layer 85 is prevented from being blocked, and meanwhile, the water inside the fermentation cylinder 73 is replenished; when the fermentation cylinder 73 is filled, the valve 83 on the side wall of the feeding pipe 82 is opened, the valve 83 inside the flushing pipe 81 is closed, and the microorganisms are continuously added into the storage tank 43. When water flows in the water pipe 41 and the drip irrigation pipe 31, after the water enters the installation pipe 52 through the connection pipe 32, the water pushes the floating ball 51 to abut against the fixing net 53, so that the water enters the first fixing rod 33 and the second fixing rod 34, and when the water enters the installation pipe 52 on the side wall of the second fixing rod 34, the water pushes the floating ball 51 in the installation pipe 52 to be engaged with the communication pipe 54, so as to seal the communication pipe 54 and prevent water leakage. When water flows inside the first fixing rod 33 and the second fixing rod 34, the height of the filter screen 36 gradually increases along the direction from the bottom end of the second fixing rod 34 to the top end of the second fixing rod 34 when the water enters the soil layer 1 through the filter screen 36, so that the amount of water flowing out of the inside of the filter screen 36 gradually increases along the direction from the bottom end of the second fixing rod 34 to the top end of the second fixing rod 34, and most of the water is left on the surface layer of the soil layer 1 and is convenient for the absorption of plant roots; the filter screen 36 at the uppermost part of the second fixing rod 34 and the filter screen 36 at the side wall of the first fixing rod 33 abut against the water-retaining agent layer 22, so that part of water flowing out of the filter screen 36 enters the water-retaining agent layer 2, the water-retaining agent layer 22 stores part of water, the water in the drip irrigation process is prevented from completely entering a soil layer, waste is avoided, and when the drip irrigation is not performed, part of water enters the soil layer through the water-retaining agent layer 22, so that the utilization efficiency of drip irrigation water is improved, the water quantity of each drip irrigation is reduced, the interval time of the drip irrigation is prolonged, the alkaline ion loss caused by the overlarge water content in the soil layer 1 is avoided, and soil acidification is further relieved; in the drip irrigation process, a part of water is stored in the water-retaining agent layer 22, and the water-retaining agent layer 22 is in contact with the straw layer 21, so that the bottom end of the straw layer 21 is always kept moist, and beneficial microorganisms continuously enter the soil layer 1 along with the water; when the drip irrigation is not performed, the floating ball 51 in the installation pipe 52 on the side wall of the second fixing rod 34 abuts against the fixing net 53, the communication pipe 54 and the installation pipe 52 are opened, air passes through the communication pipe 54, the installation pipe 52, the first fixing rod 33 and the second fixing rod 34, the air permeability of the soil is increased, a large number of beneficial microorganisms (microorganisms including bacillus subtilis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus licheniformis and the like) are propagated inside the straw layer 21, the content of the beneficial microorganisms inside the soil is increased, the soil aggregate structure is improved, the water and fertilizer retention capacity is enhanced, the disease resistance of plants is improved, meanwhile, the straw rot is accelerated, rotted straws are tightly attached to the surfaces of the soil layer and the water retention layer, and the straws are further prevented from being taken away by wind or rainwater. In the drip irrigation process, the pull rod 64 is stepped on every half month, the pull rod 64 drives the piston 61 to move downwards to elongate the spring 62, meanwhile, the piston 61 presses the water in the compression pipe 63 into the first fixing rod 33 and the second fixing rod 34, at this time, the floating ball 51 on one side of the first fixing rod 33 is clamped with the connecting pipe 32, the floating ball 51 on one side of the second fixing rod 34 is clamped with the communicating pipe 54, so that the water is sprayed out of the filter screen 36, and the piston 61 moves downwards to enhance the moving pressure and speed of the water in the first fixing rod 33 and the second fixing rod 34, so that the water rapidly washes out of the filter screen 36, and the filter screen 36 is prevented from being blocked.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes performed by the present invention or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An apparatus for mitigating soil acidification based on moisture management, comprising:
a soil layer (1);
the covering mechanism (2), the covering mechanism (2) comprises a straw layer (21), a water-retaining agent layer (22) and a soil covering layer (23), and the water-retaining agent layer (22), the straw layer (21) and the soil covering layer (23) are sequentially paved on the surface of the soil layer (1);
a drip irrigation mechanism (3), wherein the drip irrigation mechanism (3) comprises a drip irrigation pipe (31), a connecting pipe (32), a first fixing rod (33), a second fixing rod (34), an inclined rod (35) and a filter screen (36), the drip irrigation pipe (31) is laid on the surface of the soil covering layer (23) and the soil layer (1), the side wall of the drip irrigation pipe (31) abuts against the second fixing rod (34) with the side wall in an L shape, the side wall of the first fixing rod (33) is fixedly connected with the second fixing rod (34), the inclined rod (35) is obliquely installed on the side wall of the second fixing rod (34), the inclined rod (35), the first fixing rod (33) and the second fixing rod (34) penetrate through the covering mechanism (2) to enter the inside of the soil layer (1), and the filter screen (36) is respectively installed on the side walls of the first fixing rod (33) and the second fixing rod (34);
the connecting mechanisms (5) are respectively arranged on the side walls of the first fixing rod (33) and the second fixing rod (34), and two ends of the connecting pipe (32) are respectively connected with the drip irrigation pipe (31) and one of the connecting mechanisms (5);
the compression mechanism (6), the said compression mechanism (6) is fixed to the sidewall of the said second dead lever (34);
the absorbing mechanism (4), the absorbing mechanism (4) is arranged inside the soil layer (1), and the absorbing mechanism (4) is connected with the drip irrigation pipe (31);
the fermentation mechanism (7), the said fermentation mechanism (7) is set up in the sidewall of the said suction means (4);
and the filtering mechanism (8), wherein the filtering mechanism (8) is connected with the suction mechanism (4) and the fermentation mechanism (7).
2. Soil acidification mitigation device based on moisture management according to claim 1, wherein said suction means (4) comprise a water pipe (41), a suction pump (42), a reservoir (43), a hose (44), a float plate (45) and a filter cartridge (46), said reservoir (43) being arranged inside said soil layer (1), said suction pump (42) being surface mounted to said reservoir (43); the water suction pump (42) is connected with the water pipe (41) and the hose (44), and the water pipe (41) is communicated with the drip irrigation pipe (31); the floating plate (45) is arranged inside the storage pool (43), the filter cartridge (46) is installed at the bottom end of the floating plate (45), and the hose (44) is installed inside the filter cartridge (46).
3. The soil acidification alleviating device based on moisture management as claimed in claim 2, wherein the fermentation mechanism (7) comprises a stirring rod (71), a first support rod (72), a fermentation cylinder (73), a sewage draining pipe (74), a circulating pipe (75), a second support rod (76), a sliding chute (77), a clamping block (78), a pressing plate (79) and a rubber pad (710), the fermentation cylinder (73) is arranged at one side of the storage tank (43), the first support rod (72) and the stirring rod (71) are rotatably connected to the interior of the fermentation cylinder (73), and the stirring rod (71) is mounted on the side wall of the first support rod (72); the second support rod (76) is connected to the interior of the fermentation cylinder (73) in a sliding manner, and the second support rod (76) is connected with the first support rod (72) and the rubber pad (710) in a sliding manner; the spiral sliding groove (77) is formed in the second supporting rod (76), the clamping block (78) is connected to the inside of the sliding groove (77) in a sliding mode, and the top end of the first supporting rod (72) is symmetrically and fixedly connected with the clamping block (78); the bottom end of the second supporting rod (76) is provided with the funnel-shaped rubber pad (710) and the pressing plate (79), the rubber pad (710) is connected with the inner side wall of the fermentation cylinder (73) in a sliding mode, and the side wall of the fermentation cylinder (73) is provided with the circulating pipe (75) and the sewage discharge pipe (74).
4. The moisture management based soil acidification mitigation device according to claim 3, wherein the filtering mechanism (8) comprises a flush pipe (81), a feed pipe (82), a valve (83), a support mesh (84) and a gauze layer (85); the two ends of the feeding pipe (82) are respectively connected with the storage pool (43) and the fermentation cylinder (73); the supporting net (84) is arranged in the fermentation cylinder (73), and the gauze layer (85) is arranged on the side wall of the supporting net (84); the feeding pipe (82) and the flushing pipe (81) are respectively installed inside the supporting net (84), and one end of the flushing pipe (81) is connected with the water pipe (41).
5. The moisture management based soil acidification mitigation device according to claim 4, wherein the valve (83) is installed on the side wall of the sewage pipe (74), the flushing pipe (81) and the feeding pipe (82), and the sewage pipe (74) and the feeding pipe (82) are disposed at the bottom end of the fermentation cylinder (73).
6. The soil acidification mitigation device based on water management as claimed in claim 1, wherein the connection mechanism (5) comprises a floating ball (51), an installation pipe (52), a fixed net (53) and a communication pipe (54), the side walls of the first fixing rod (33) and the second fixing rod (34) are respectively provided with the installation pipe (52) with an arc-shaped side wall at one end, the fixed net (53) is installed inside the installation pipe (52), the fixed net (53) is arranged at the bottom end of the fixed net (53), and the floating ball (51) is clamped with one end of the installation pipe (52).
7. The apparatus for alleviating soil acidification based on water management according to claim 6, wherein the installation pipe (52) located at the side wall of the first fixing rod (33) is connected to the connection pipe (32), the top end of the installation pipe (52) located at the side wall of the second fixing rod (34) is fixedly connected to the communication pipe (54), and the side wall of the communication pipe (54) is of a U-shaped structure.
8. The apparatus for soil acidification mitigation based on moisture management according to claim 7, wherein the compression mechanism (6) comprises a piston (61), a spring (62), a compression tube (63), a pull rod (64) and a stopper (65), the compression tube (63) is mounted at the top end of the second fixing rod (34), and the stopper (65) is mounted at the bottom end of the compression tube (63); the interior of the compression pipe (63) is connected with the piston (61) and the pull rod (64) in a sliding way, and the bottom end of the pull rod (64) is fixedly connected with the piston (61); the side wall of the pull rod (64) is sleeved with the spring (62), and two ends of the spring (62) are respectively connected with the piston (61) and the compression pipe (63).
9. The apparatus for soil acidification mitigation based on water management as claimed in claim 8, wherein the height of the first fixing bar (33) is less than the height of the second fixing bar (34), a plurality of the sieves (36) are installed on the side wall of the second fixing bar (34), the sieve (36) at the uppermost of the second fixing bar (34) and the sieve (36) at the side wall of the first fixing bar (33) abut against the water retention agent layer (22), and the height of the sieve (36) is gradually increased along the bottom end of the second fixing bar (34) towards the top end of the second fixing bar (34).
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