CN115768954A - Modular small-sized building equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a modularized small building device, which is manufactured by a driving main body module, a driving system module and an operation device module, and is combined in a decomposable way by utilizing a standard interface which can be conveniently decomposed and assembled by a user in order to ensure the transportability in a narrow space.

Description

Modular small-sized building equipment

The present application has two priorities, korean patent application No. 10-2020-0084817, having an application date of 09/07/2020, and korean patent application No. 10-2021-0073624, having an application date of 07/06/2021. The present application refers to the above-mentioned korean patent application in its entirety.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a modular small-sized construction equipment which is easily disassembled and assembled, and more particularly, to a modular small-sized construction equipment which is manufactured in a modular manner to be easily disassembled and assembled in order to secure its transportability, and which can be generally applied to various working devices according to the use of the equipment.

Background

Figure 1 is a schematic view illustrating an example of a representative small-sized construction equipment according to the prior art, which can be manufactured with the modular small-sized construction equipment according to the invention. Based on the statistics of 2018, a total of 110 ten thousand pieces of construction equipment are sold globally, of which 45% are the species of small construction equipment (mini excavator; aerial work platform; backhoe loader; skid steer loader; wheel loader) as shown in fig. 1, accounting for about 50 ten thousand pieces. In addition to the species products mentioned above, forklifts classified as industrial vehicles are also illustrated.

The small construction equipment as described above is being developed toward miniaturization for various purposes. However, as disclosed in patent document 1 (korean laid-open patent publication No. 10-2014-0029672), the downsizing of construction equipment has still a certain limitation in order to secure required work, traveling performance, or functions.

Further, recently, along with the increase in the number of old buildings, the number of indoor remodeling works requiring electric power tools has been increased, which has led to an increase in the work using small-sized construction equipment, but the conventional apparatus has a large volume, and it is necessary for a driver to ride the apparatus along a step, and in the case of a high-rise building, although an elevator can be used, it is difficult to transport the apparatus due to the size and volume limitations of the apparatus.

Disclosure of Invention

When small construction equipment is transported by an elevator for work in a high-rise building, the equipment needs to be transported after being disassembled because of the length and weight of the equipment allowed to be transported by the elevator (e.g., 11-person elevator: 750kg in weight; 1350mm in total length). A first object of the present invention is to provide a modular small-sized construction equipment which can easily perform disassembly and assembly of the process and is excellent in assembling property.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a small-sized modular construction equipment which is configured to be able to slide relative to each other in the front-rear direction of the equipment even in a state where a traveling body module and a traveling system module are not completely disassembled by adopting a modular design that allows the traveling body module, the traveling system module, and the working device module to be easily disassembled and assembled, and which is able to adjust the length of the equipment in the front-rear direction as needed.

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is not limited to the technical problems mentioned above, and other technical problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those having ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention pertains from the following descriptions.

Further, a modular structure of a work machine which can be combined with a plurality of kinds of work devices on a single traveling platform device in a work site requiring a plurality of kinds of devices is provided, so that the total cost of the devices can be saved by replacing and using a desired work device module.

In order to solve the technical problems described above, a modular small-sized construction equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention is manufactured by dividing a traveling body module, a traveling system module, and a working device module, and is detachably coupled to each other by using a standard interface through which a user can easily disassemble and assemble the respective modules in order to secure transportability in a narrow space.

In the embodiment, as the standard interface, a mechanical interface, i.e., a bolt and a nut, or a mating panel (mating panel) may be used; hydraulic interfaces, i.e., quick coupling fittings, may also be used; a socket wire harness (socket wire) may also be used.

Furthermore, in the described embodiment, the travel master module is equipped with an electric and hydraulic system comprising a battery, a charger, an electronically controlled hydraulic valve and pump, and an electric motor; the travel system module coupled to the travel body module is a crawler-type or wheel-type travel system.

In the embodiment, the traveling system modules are crawler-type traveling system modules detachably attached to the left and right sides of the traveling body module, and are fixedly attached by three or more bolts in order to ensure rigidity in the front-rear direction of the small construction equipment, that is, in the vertical direction perpendicular to the ground; mounting assembling rods having a rectangular cross section in the front-rear direction of the side surfaces of the traveling body module, and mounting assembling rods having an L-shaped cross section on crawler frames of the traveling system modules facing each other, thereby fixing the assembling rods by bolts at positions accessible from the outside of the crawler systems; extending the track frame upward at one side of the rear of the small-sized construction equipment and fixing the track frame to the side surface of the traveling body module by using a bolt; the track frame is fixed to the inside of the traveling body module by a nut in a state where a bolt and a washer fixedly attached to the track frame are inserted into the inside of the traveling body module at a lower front side of the small construction equipment.

Further, in the embodiment, the method further includes: and the tension rod is used for connecting and fixing the lower ends of the front part and/or the rear part of the pair of crawler system modules at the left side and the right side.

Further, in the embodiment, the working device module is a rotary type working device located above the traveling body module, the boom swing cylinder for rotation and the boom swing cylinder bracket for swing of the working device are connected to an upper portion of a bearing for swing, and a lower portion of the bearing for swing is fixed to an upper plate of the traveling body module, so that the working device and the upper portion of the bearing for swing and the boom swing cylinder bracket for swing are fixedly installed from the outside by a plurality of bolts on the same circumference.

In the above embodiment, an angle sensor is attached to the upper plate of the traveling body module, so that the angle of rotation of the working device can be detected, the front is displayed on the lower portion of the boom swing cylinder for connecting the working device being rotated, and the turning angle is directly measured by displaying a scale for measuring the relative rotational movement.

In the above embodiment, the travel body module is configured such that, in order to slide in the front-rear direction with respect to the travel system module, guide rail portions of complementary shapes that prevent the body and the travel system module from coming off in the left-right direction are formed on the side surfaces facing each other, and the travel system module is detachably coupled by a plurality of fixing members from the outside in a state where the guide rail portions are fitted and assembled to each other.

In the above embodiment, an additional fixing unit for providing a coupling force while guiding the sliding movement of the traveling body module is formed in front of or behind a coupling portion between the traveling body module and the traveling system module using the plurality of fixing units.

Further, in the embodiment, the additional fixing component includes: a slot formed long in the front-rear direction in one of the traveling body module and the traveling system module; and a fixing member formed on the other of the traveling body module and the traveling system module so as to slide in the slot while penetrating the slot.

Further, in the embodiment, the traveling body module includes: a lower frame having a space for accommodating the components and an open upper portion; and an upper plate covering the open upper portion of the lower frame and having other components mounted thereon; in order to improve convenience of assembly and maintenance, the upper plate is divided into a front upper plate and a rear upper plate.

In the above embodiment, the same standard interfaces for disassembling and assembling the same front working device module (for example, a blade module) are provided on the front and rear surfaces of the travel body module.

In addition, in the embodiment, in order to secure a sufficient working space in front of the traveling body module, it is not necessary to move the front working device to the rear, but the front working device assembled to the front surface of the traveling body module is fixed to the traveling body module by a simple pin in a state of being lifted up.

By using the modular small-sized construction equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention constructed as described above, a user can conveniently disassemble and assemble the small-sized construction equipment, thereby performing work on sites where existing equipment is difficult to access, such as an isolation space and a high-rise building construction site.

In addition, from the standpoint of the manufacturer, it is possible to save the production cost of the product, increase the throughput of the common traveling platform, and shorten the assembly time, and from the standpoint of the user, it is possible to reduce the investment cost of various types of equipment and to reduce the maintenance cost.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a representative small construction device.

FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a travel platform module according to one embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 3 and 4 are explanatory views showing a state in which the working device can be selectively disassembled and attached to the traveling platform module illustrated in fig. 2, and a state in which a pair of crawler system modules on the left and right sides are disassembled.

Fig. 5 and 6 are explanatory diagrams illustrating a state in which the crawler system module is assembled to the travel body module and an exploded state of each component.

Fig. 7 is a schematic perspective view of a small-sized construction equipment capable of adjusting a length in a front-rear direction according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic perspective view of a state in which all the working devices in the upper and front sides are removed from the small construction equipment illustrated in fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a sectional view illustrating a coupling state of the guide rail portion in the small construction equipment illustrated in fig. 7.

Fig. 10 and 11 are sectional views each illustrating a fastened state of an additional fixing unit on the front and rear sides of the apparatus.

Fig. 12 and 13 are cross-sectional views illustrating a state before and after sliding when the apparatus is used and when the apparatus is transported.

Fig. 14 is a schematic oblique view illustrating a state in which the upper plate is mounted in the small construction equipment illustrated in fig. 8.

Fig. 15 is a schematic perspective view illustrating a state where only the front upper plate among the upper plates illustrated in fig. 14 is separated.

Fig. 16 is a schematic explanatory view of a small-sized construction equipment in which the same coupling interface is provided at the front and rear sides in order to selectively attach and detach the front working device to and from the front and rear.

Fig. 17 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example in which the upper working device and the front working device are used while being attached.

Fig. 18 is a front view of the state in which the blade cylinder is removed and raised in fig. 17, and then the fixed pipe is fixed by penetrating the blade and the cylinder hinge.

Fig. 19 and 20 are explanatory views each showing a state where the turning angle origin mark and the front mark are connected to the upper plate of the traveling body module and the support base of the turning type upper working mechanism.

Fig. 21 is an explanatory view illustrating a state in which the foreign matter inflow prevention cover is attached to the crawler system module.

Fig. 22 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a state in which a hydraulic pipe connection passage for the travel motor is formed long in the lower frame of the travel body module in order to improve ease of assembly.

Fig. 23 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a rear side of the small construction equipment illustrated in fig. 7.

Detailed Description

Next, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. First, it is to be noted that the same constituent elements or components in the drawings are assigned the same reference numerals as much as possible. In addition, in the course of describing embodiments of the present invention, in order to prevent the gist of the present invention from becoming unclear, detailed descriptions of related well-known technologies will be omitted.

As shown in table 1 below, a specific small-sized construction equipment is roughly divided into three groups, i.e., a tool, a working device, and a traveling platform, wherein the working device and the traveling platform are separated into unit modules capable of solving weight and length restrictions thereof in consideration of assembly and transportability.

[ TABLE 1 ]

As the tool, a tool using a plurality of functions that can be purchased and used on the market may be prepared.

As the working device, various modules can be prepared to constitute a customized working device module that conforms to the function of the small construction equipment. The modules for the upper working device, the front working device and the rear working device can be prepared for use based on the installation position of the working device, and can be customized according to the requirement of a user or configured according to standard specifications.

The running platform is divided into a shared running main body module and a running system module. The traveling body module is a common core module for supplying electric power and/or hydraulic pressure required by the finished equipment. The driving system module is divided into a crawler type and a wheel type according to the required driving performance.

The interface between the modules is mechanically standardized by a bolt/nut joint that can be easily assembled and disassembled, and the interface between the traveling body module and the working device module additionally includes a mating plate (mating plate) for mounting the working device.

When remote control is needed, the driver seat module can be removed and a remote controller module can be equipped. This may be provided selectively.

As the electric hydraulic equipment, a battery, a charger, and a Main Control Valve (MCV) are disposed in the traveling main body module, and can be shared by all the equipment.

The reason why the structure of the device can be simplified in the above-described manner is that the structure of the product can be simplified by using electric power, and for a small device, a simple structure of a hood type is adopted even in the case where a driver rides on the device, and thus the device can be easily separated into independent modules.

Further, from the standpoint of customers, since power tools can be purchased from the market as needed, they can be managed separately. That is, the core of the function required by the customer is the work equipment, and if a traveling platform for supplying power required by the work equipment can be mounted, a solution can be provided in which the traveling platform can be shared by a plurality of kinds of work equipment.

From the standpoint of the supplier, the product can be more efficiently constructed and sold by providing the working device and the standard interface while sharing the traveling body. The working devices may be classified into upper, front, and rear working devices according to required functions, installation positions, and the like, and the travel system module may be classified into a crawler type and a wheel type according to travel speed and traction force.

Fig. 2 is a detailed layout structure that can be used in a crawler traveling platform of a remote operated electric construction equipment using a power tool, which is a by-product of lowering a gravity center in consideration of assemblability and serviceability thereof. In the illustrated power tool commercial construction equipment, in order to mount the working device in the body layout, the working device upper plate 100 may be disposed between the lower traveling body module and the upper working device module of the traveling platform, the swing bearing 101 for controlling the left and right rotation of the working device may be mounted at the center, and the main motor and the pump 102 may be mounted at the rear side. Further, the tank 103 may be disposed on the left side, the oil cooler 104 may be attached to the right side, and the pipe line may be disposed around the pump, and the counterweight 105 may be disposed on the rear side, thereby ensuring the front-rear gravity balance during the work. In the lower traveling body module, a Main Control Valve (MCV) 106, a charger 107 and a battery, which are heavy in weight, are sequentially disposed, and in order to facilitate access to the Main Control Valve (MCV) 106 and the charger 107, a front upper cover 109 is assembled while leaving a passage on the upper plate 100 side, and a rear battery, which is located behind, can be replaced and maintained by opening a rear panel (not shown) when necessary. That is, the required equipment can be configured by changing the upper plate 100 and the bolt/nut interface according to the working device and changing the layout of various components disposed on the upper plate 100, and the lower layout (the arrangement of the Main Control Valve (MCV), the charger, and the battery) located below the upper plate 100 can be maintained.

Fig. 3 is an example of a representative small-sized multipurpose construction equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is an example of construction equipment for interior works using a power tool. The crawler-type traveling platform is a module which can be shared by all equipment, a working device and an interface can be designed according to the working device, and therefore a structure which is convenient to disassemble and assemble is achieved, wherein the layout inside a traveling main body module is composed of the same components, and the composition of a main hydraulic valve or the specification of a motor or a pump can be determined as an optional item when a customer customizes according to the required specification.

In the tool post for the power tool, a total of 9 isolation valves (left/right crawler, dozer plate, boom oscillator, boom one/two/three, bucket, and auxiliary equipment 1) are used. In fig. 3, when the boom support bar 2 of the working mechanism C located above and the boom swing piston support 4 of the traveling body module a of the traveling platform are connected, they may be fixed by a plurality of, for example, 10 bolts on the same circumference, and disassembled and assembled by a standard tool. Specifically, the lower part of the swing bearing is fixed to the upper plate 100 of the traveling body module a, and the boom swing cylinder holder 4 connected to the boom swing cylinder piston rod is fixed to the upper part of the swing bearing, so that the boom swing operation of the working device C and the up-and-down operation of the working device C can be separated. In addition, in order to conveniently handle the working device C after the separation, a connection ring 5 may be installed on each of the boom one 6 and the boom three 7.

In addition, in the case where the working device is a swing type working device as described above, a sensor device for measuring an angle of the working device is required in order to control the angle between the working device and the traveling direction. For this purpose, it is preferable to measure the boom swing angle of the working device in a non-contact manner (a change in resistance values of a magnetic head and a hall sensor) or in a contact manner (a change in resistance values of a shaft and a potentiometer) by attaching an angle sensor fixing bracket to an upper plate of the traveling body module, fixing the angle sensor body therein, and further attaching a magnetic sensor head or a rotation shaft fixing portion which performs a relative rotational movement with respect to the angle sensor body to a lower portion of the boom swing cylinder bracket.

Further, for example, the depth of a 11-person elevator for a house is limited to 1350mm, and the maximum load is limited to 750kg. In the case where the self-movable crawler travel platform is too long or too heavy to be installed in the elevator, that is, in the case where the elevator door cannot be closed, the front working device D (bulldozer blade) and the crawler travel system modules B on the left and right sides need to be separated from the travel body module a, and fig. 4 illustrates an example that can be applied to the above-described case.

In order to be able to be easily disassembled and assembled between the individual modules, as required by the user, a standard interface for fixing with bolts and nuts is provided at a position accessible from the outside, and in the hose for supplying hydraulic pressure to the dozer cylinder 13 or the traveling motor 14, a quick-coupling fitting 15 can be used to be quickly detached and attached without oil leakage being ensured. In particular, in the crawler travel motor 14, in order to connect to a Main Control Valve (MCV) located inside the travel main body module a, it is necessary to reserve a passage 16 through which a hose for the crawler travel motor can pass in a side surface middle portion of the travel main body module a, and to reserve a length sufficient to join the hose inside the travel main body. A hole 17 for retaining a tunnel for a blade cylinder is also mounted in the front butt plate 18 and connected inside the travel body module a.

A specific embodiment will be described in more detail since the blade D mounted on the front surface of the traveling body module a using the front surface docking plate 18 is easily located at a position accessible and fixed from the outside, and the interface for assembling the crawler traveling system module B needs to ensure not only convenience of disassembly and assembly but also rigidity in use.

Fig. 5 illustrates an assembled state of the crawler system module which is installed in a detachable and assemblable manner so that disassembly and transportation are performed in a case where it is difficult to load the crawler system module into the elevator even after the length is shortened by removing the dozer blade installed at the front from the self-movable traveling platform module.

In order to ensure the rigidity required for assembly and use between the traveling body module a and the pair of traveling system modules B on both the left and right sides, it is necessary to ensure not only the rigidity in the front-rear direction of the traveling body module a but also the rigidity in the up-down direction perpendicular to the ground.

First, in order to ensure the rigidity of the traveling body module a in the front-rear direction, an assembly rod 202 having an L-shaped cross section is attached to the crawler frame in a reinforcing manner toward the inner side surface of the traveling body module a in the longitudinal direction of the traveling system module B, and an assembly rod 203 having a rectangular cross section is attached to the outer side surface of the traveling body module a facing thereto so as to be able to be assembled in a state of being placed on the upper side of the assembly rod 202 having the L-shaped cross section. As for the attachment fixing positions thereof, it is possible to assemble the track frame to the side of the travel body module a from the outside of the travel system module B through, for example, four bolt fixing points 204a, 204B, 204c, 204d (see fig. 3) using the space between the track and the track frame as viewed from the outside.

Further, in order to ensure the rigidity in the up-down direction, the crawler frame may be formed to be extended rearward and upward at the rear side so as to be fixed to the side surface of the traveling body module a from the outside of the traveling system module B by, for example, two bolt fixing points 208a, 208B (see fig. 5) utilizing the space between the upper side of the crawler and the traveling body upper plate 100.

In order to ensure the rigidity in the lower direction of the L-shaped assembly pole 202 and the rectangular-section assembly pole 203, bolts and spacers 201 may be welded to the inside of the front lower portion of the track frame and inserted through holes formed in the side surface of the traveling body module a, and then the upper plate front cover 109 of the traveling body module a may be opened and fixed by nuts 209 inside the traveling body module a.

Further, while the forward travel is being performed, a force for expanding both right and left track frames is applied, and in a case where sufficient rigidity is not sufficiently ensured only by the above-described coupling structure for ensuring rigidity, the tension bar 211 for fixing the traveling body module a may be installed at a height that does not cause a reduction in the minimum ground clearance of the traveling body module a by using the front side space of the traveling body module a, thereby directly connecting both right and left track frames and thereby preventing the right and left track frames from being expanded. In order to prevent the crawler from being stretched when retreating in a similar manner, a similar tension bar may be installed using the rear space of the traveling body module a.

When disassembling the traveling platform assembled in a modular configuration as described above, the traveling body module a is slightly lifted off the ground by the blade, the traveling system module B is slightly lifted off the ground by putting the hydraulic jack under the traveling body module B at the rear, the crawler motor hydraulic hose is separated by opening the side cover, the bolt 201 and the nut 209 for connecting the crawler system B and the traveling body module a are loosened by opening the upper plate front cover 109, and the crawler system module B is separated by loosening the fixing bolts located at the 6 bolt fixing points 204a, 204B, 204c, 204d, 208a, and 208B that are easily accessible from the outside of the crawler system module B. Next, the front face portion of the travel body module a is supported after the blade is slightly lifted off the ground, and then the blade cylinder hose is separated and the fixing bolt is loosened, thereby separating the blade module from the front face. Assembly is performed in reverse order.

Next, a modular small-sized construction equipment according to another embodiment of the present invention, which is designed in such a manner that its length can be adjusted in the equipment length direction, will be explained. In the present embodiment, the traveling body module is manufactured by dividing the traveling body module into a traveling body module and a traveling system module, wherein the traveling body module is manufactured by forming guide rail portions having complementary shapes on side surfaces facing each other so as to slide in the front-rear direction with respect to the traveling system module, and detachably coupling the guide rail portions to each other from the outside of the traveling system module by a plurality of fixing members in a state where the guide rail portions are fitted to each other.

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, in a small-sized construction equipment 1000 capable of adjusting the length in the front-rear direction according to an embodiment of the present invention, a pair of traveling system modules B are detachably, detachably and slidably mounted on the left and right sides of a central traveling body module a, and working devices C and D required for mounting can be replaced and used as needed on the upper part and the front side of the traveling body module a. Since the standard interface for disassembling and assembling the respective modules has been described in detail in the above, the following description will be particularly focused on the portions where improvement or modification occurs.

In a prototype machine manufactured in a compact form as much as possible while satisfying functions and performances required by a corporation of the present applicant, the crawler system modules B on the left and right sides have a length of 1330mm, and the traveling body module a in the center has a length of 1240mm. However, in order to ensure the stability during the work, the traveling body module a needs to be disposed at a position that is about 80mm behind the crawler system module B (see fig. 8 and the like), and therefore the entire length of the apparatus in the front-rear direction in the assembled state reaches 1410mm.

In the case where the length of the equipment is limited when the equipment is installed in a narrow space, such as an elevator, if a relatively slidable structure is adopted, which can easily shorten the entire length of the equipment in the front-rear direction to within the length of the crawler system module 200 having a relatively long length, the entire length of the equipment in the front-rear direction in the assembled state is 1410mm, but the entire length of the equipment in the front-rear direction can be shortened by 80mm to 1330mm by sliding the traveling body module a assembled to project rearward to the front and positioning it within the length of the crawler system module B. That is, the crawler belt module does not need to be separated, and can be installed in an 11-person elevator by shortening the length of the crawler belt module.

In order to comprehensively achieve the operational stability in an assembled state, the convenience in disassembly and assembly when carrying the crawler system module B in a narrow space, the convenience in adjusting the length by relative sliding, and the like, as shown in fig. 9, rail portions 210 and 110 manufactured in complementary shapes that can prevent the crawler system module B and the traveling body module a, which are manufactured in a modularized manner, from being separated in the left-right direction when moving in the front-rear direction are formed on the side surfaces facing each other, respectively, and the rail portions 210 and 110 are assembled by a plurality of fixing bolts BT and the like, for example, as shown in fig. 12, from the outside of the apparatus that is easily accessible in a state where the rail portions 210 and 110 are fitted and assembled.

In this case, in order to prevent the rail portions 210 and 110 from being deviated in the left-right direction as shown in fig. 9 in a state where they are fitted and assembled, they may be made in an appropriate shape such as a "l" -shaped cross section or a "l" -shaped cross section as shown in the drawing in a state where only the fixing bolt BT and the like is loosened and slid in a direction perpendicular to the ground surface as shown in fig. 9.

In order to provide additional coupling and fixing force while stably guiding the sliding movement of the traveling body module a with respect to the crawler system module B, it is preferable to provide additional fixing means on the front side, the rear side, or both the front and rear sides thereof.

The supplemental fixation assembly includes: a slot formed long in the front-rear direction in one of the traveling body module and the traveling system module; and a fixing member that forms a modular small-sized construction device on the other of the traveling body module and the traveling system module so as to slide in the slot while penetrating the slot; it is preferable.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 11, 12 and the like, the additional fixing means is formed in the rear portion of the crawler system module B in the rear portion of the equipment as a crawler guide groove 220 extending in the longitudinal direction of the crawler frame projecting upward, and is formed by welding a weld nut to the inside of the corresponding portion of the traveling body module a, and is further fixed to the outside of the equipment by the sleeve bolt 120 through the slot 220.

Further, as shown in fig. 10 and the like, a body guide groove (not shown) elongated in the longitudinal direction is formed in the lower front side of the lower frame of the traveling body module a in the front portion of the equipment and the shaft formed with the tapping is welded to the track frame of the track system module B, and then the inside of the equipment, that is, the inside of the lower frame of the traveling body module a is fixedly fastened through the slot by a hexagon head bolt 230 facilitating the use of a tightening work tool.

As described above, by providing additional fixing means on the lower side of the side surface of the front portion and the upper side of the side surface of the rear portion, it is possible to provide an optimum fixing force, and in consideration of the convenience of access, it is preferable to configure the bolt so that the front portion can be accessed from the inside of the main body frame and the rear portion can be accessed from the outside of the apparatus, and the bolt can be fastened or loosened.

When the equipment is used in a state where the crawler system module B and the traveling body module a configured as described above are coupled, as shown in fig. 12, the equipment may be disposed in such a manner that the rear of the traveling body module a is protruded so that the gravity center of the equipment is deviated to the rear side in consideration of the stability of the work. In the case where the length in the front-rear direction needs to be adjusted in order to transport the equipment, the bolts 120 and 230 fastened to the slots 220 are loosened after removing the 3 fixing bolts B fastened to the central rail portion, and after shortening the length thereof by pushing the central traveling body module a forward in this state, the bolts 120 and 230 coupled to the slots 220 in the front-rear direction are fastened and fixed again. At this time, as shown in fig. 13, by minimizing the entire length of the apparatus in the front-rear direction to within the length of the crawler system module B, it is possible to fit into a narrow space. In fig. 12 and 13, the bolt 120 exposed to the outside when the traveling body module a slides forward is exemplarily illustrated in a state of being guided forward in the crawler guide groove 220 and sliding, and the range of the sliding movement is limited within the distance in the longitudinal direction of the guide groove 220.

When the work needs to be restarted after the length in the front-rear direction is adjusted to be short and the vehicle is loaded into an elevator or the like and transferred as described above, the fixed bolts 120 and 230 are loosened and the traveling body module a is pushed backward in the opposite direction, and then the bolts 120 and 230 are tightened again and the fixing bolt BT is fastened and fixed to the center rail portion, so that the state shown in fig. 12 can be changed again.

Further, the traveling main body module a includes: a lower frame having a space for accommodating the components and an open upper portion; and an upper plate covering the open upper portion of the lower frame and having other components mounted thereon; the upper plate is preferably manufactured by being divided into a front upper plate and a rear upper plate in order to ensure convenience in assembly and maintenance work.

In the internal space of the traveling body module 100, a Main Control Valve (MCV), a charger, and a battery, which are heavy, are disposed in this order from the front of the equipment, and in order to ensure accessibility of the components, it is preferable that components such as a required working device, a motor, and a hydraulic device be mounted above the upper plate in a state in which the upper part of the internal space is opened and the upper plate is covered thereon, as shown in fig. 8. For example, a structure for swinging the working device C is appropriately disposed and attached to the front portion of the upper plate, a main motor and a pump for driving the entire device, a tank, an oil cooler, and the like are appropriately disposed and attached to the rear portion of the upper plate, and a weight balance in the front-rear direction during working is secured by disposing the oil cooler and the like in the rear portion. Is a result product of lowering the center of gravity of the whole and taking into account its assemblability and serviceability.

When the frames on both sides of the lower frame structure of the traveling body module a having the above-described overall open structure are subjected to a load, the side walls of the frames are retracted inward. In addition, in the upper plate structure for covering the frame of the open structure, convenience in assembly and disassembly and accessibility to the inside of the lower frame need to be considered. For this reason, it is preferable to add 2 reinforcing frames 160 and 170 in the middle as shown in fig. 8, in addition to the front and rear ends of the lower frame. In particular, in order to stably fix the front portion of the upper plate, it is preferable to additionally mount reinforcing frames 160 and 170 of "" -shaped steel at the front and rear positions of the slewing bearing for mounting the working device at the upper portion, and to mount 2 lateral brackets at the front and rear intermediate positions in a mesh-like manner, thereby reinforcing the rigidity of the lower frame.

As shown in fig. 14 and 15, the upper plate is divided into front and rear upper plates 140 and 150, and the slewing bearing and the working device are attached to the front upper plate 140, and the motor, the pump, and the like are attached to the rear upper plate 150, so that the hydraulic line installation and the maintenance work can be performed. That is, as shown in fig. 15, when performing maintenance of a Main Control Valve (MCV) or a charger built in a lower side of the front portion of the upper plate, the front upper plate 140 may be partially separated entirely after removing the boom swing cylinder piston pin. At this time, hoses, which are connected to the working devices from a Main Control Valve (MCV) installed at the bottom of the lower frame of the traveling body module a, are drawn out from the front side of the front upper plate 140, thereby preventing interference with the lower frame when the front upper plate 140 is disassembled, and working device hose connection blocks 260 (see fig. 16) are installed at the upper sides of the left and right sides of the lower frame, respectively, so that the hoses are easily separated when the working devices/upper plates are separated from the lower portion. In order to facilitate the disassembly and assembly of the upper plate, the upper plate is fixed to the reinforcing frames 160 and 170 on both the front and rear sides by reducing the width of the upper plate as much as possible within a range in which the pivot bearing portions can be mounted, and a structure in which a reinforcing plate is added on the lower side is preferably employed in order to maintain rigidity.

Preferably, the same standard interface for disassembling and assembling the same front working device module is provided on the front and rear surfaces of the travel main body module a.

The front working device D such as a blade is designed to be detachably attached to the front surface of the travel body module a via a docking plate, as schematically shown in fig. 7. For example, in the case of adopting a disassembly and assembly method in which fastening and fixing are performed by 3 bolts and 2 bolts, i.e., 8 bolts, on both the left and right sides, a tap having a tapping structure for fixing the 8 bolts should be arranged at the same position in a portion corresponding to the front surface of the lower frame of the travel body module a.

Further, it is required that the blade D be selectively assembled to either one of the front and rear sides of the machine in accordance with the working characteristics. Therefore, the same interface should be provided also at the corresponding portion of the rear surface of the lower frame of the traveling body module a so that the operator can selectively mount the blade D connected to the butt plate to the front or rear of the equipment for use according to the working characteristics, as shown in fig. 16. It is of course conceivable that the hydraulic lines for supplying hydraulic pressure to the said dozer plate cylinders should also be equipped in a common front and rear manner by means of quick-coupling fittings, whereby the quick-coupling fittings can be used for direct disconnection and connection without leakage of oil, whether in front or rear use.

Further, it is preferable that the front working device assembled to the front surface of the traveling body module is fixed to the traveling body module in a state of being lifted upward. For example, when excavation work or the like is performed using the upper slewing work device C, since there is a possibility that a tool such as a bucket interferes with the blade D, it is preferable that the blade D is lifted up and fixed to the travel body module a as shown in fig. 17 in the case described above. That is, as shown in fig. 18, when interference occurs between the tool and the blade during forward work, the blade D may be simply fixed to the travel body module a by the fixing pipe 410 after only separating the blade cylinder and raising the blade D by 90 degrees or more.

In the case where the upper working implement illustrated in fig. 17 and the like is a swing type working implement, a sensor device for measuring the angle of the working implement C is required in order to control the angle between the working implement C and the traveling direction. For this purpose, an angle sensor fixing bracket is mounted on an upper plate of the traveling body module a and an angle sensor body is fixed therein, and a magnetic sensor head or a rotation shaft fixing part which performs a relative rotational motion with the angle sensor body is mounted on a lower part of the boom swing cylinder bracket, thereby measuring a boom swing angle of the working device in a non-contact manner (a magnetic head, a hall sensor) or a contact manner (a change in resistance value of a shaft and a potentiometer), wherein in order to set an actual swing angle origin, it is necessary to provide a mark for indicating a front side on the outside and provide an angle mark for identifying a left and right swing angle on the upper plate.

In order to easily measure the swing rotation angle directly from the upper plate of the traveling body module a and to use the swing rotation angle for the angle sensor calibration and the swing speed control algorithm adjustment, it is preferable that a front mark 320 is provided on the boom support 310 of the working device C that swings as shown in fig. 20, and an angle mark 142 is provided by marking or assembling bolts at a certain angle, for example, at intervals of 5 degrees to 30 degrees, on the outer side of the swing bearing assembly portion of the front upper plate 140 as shown in fig. 19.

In order to connect the track system module B, which is a type of motor, to a Main Control Valve (MCV) located inside the traveling body module a, a passage through which a hydraulic line for the traveling motor and a quick coupling fitting can pass is reserved in a central portion of a side surface of the traveling body module a, and the passage is preferably extended long in the front-rear direction so that the track system module B can be easily disassembled and assembled on the traveling body module a. Further, in order to prevent foreign materials on the ground from flowing in through the enlarged passage, it is necessary to install an object inflow prevention plate on the track system module corresponding thereto. Therefore, as shown in fig. 22, by forming a long connection passage 180 in the lower center of the lower frame side of the traveling body module a to form a side opening, the crawler belt motor connection hose is made to be the shortest distance when the crawler belt system module a is assembled to the lower frame side, and the length of the hydraulic hose connecting the Main Control Valve (MCV) and the crawler belt motor is made to be the longest when the crawler belt system module B is collapsed. Further, in order to prevent foreign substances on the ground from entering through the side opening (connecting passage) 180 after the equipment is used after the assembly, as shown in fig. 21, an object inflow prevention cover 250 is mounted on the crawler system module B.

Fig. 23 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a rear side of the small construction equipment illustrated in fig. 7. In the case where it is necessary to lift the small construction equipment configured as described above, the blade link may be used at the front, but there is no anchor point at the rear for lifting, and in order to solve the above-described problem, it is preferable to form 2 holes 190 for fixing hooks at the rear portion of the traveling body module a and at both sides of the lower end of the lower frame as shown in fig. 23.

Claims (13)

1. A modular small-sized construction equipment is disclosed,

the traveling body module, the traveling system module, and the working device module are manufactured, and in order to ensure transportability in a narrow space, the traveling body module, the traveling system module, and the working device module are detachably coupled to each other by using a standard interface through which a user can easily disassemble and assemble the respective modules.

2. The modular small building unit according to claim 1,

as a result of the standard interface,

using mechanical interfaces, i.e. bolts and nuts, or using a docking plate;

or use hydraulic interfaces, i.e., quick connector fittings;

or use an electrical interface or a socket harness.

3. The modular small building unit according to claim 1,

the running main body module is provided with an electric power and hydraulic system comprising a battery, a charger, an electronic control hydraulic valve, a pump and a motor; the travel system module coupled to the travel body module is a crawler-type or wheel-type travel system.

4. The modular small building unit according to claim 1,

the running system modules are crawler-type running system modules which are detachably arranged on the left side and the right side of the running main body module, and are fixedly arranged by more than three bolts in order to ensure the rigidity of the small building equipment in the front-back direction, namely the vertical direction vertical to the ground;

mounting assembling rods having a rectangular cross section along the front-rear direction of the side surfaces of the traveling body modules, and mounting assembling rods having an L-shaped cross section on crawler frames of the traveling system modules facing each other, thereby fixing the assembling rods at positions accessible from the outside of the crawler systems by bolts;

extending the track frame upward at one side of the rear of the small-sized construction equipment and fixing the track frame to the side surface of the traveling body module by using a bolt;

the track frame is fixed to the inside of the traveling body module by a nut in a state where a bolt and a washer fixedly attached to the track frame are inserted into the inside of the traveling body module at a lower front side of the small construction equipment.

5. The modular small building apparatus of claim 4, further comprising:

and the tension rod is used for connecting and fixing the front and/or rear lower ends of the pair of crawler system modules on the left side and the right side.

6. The modular small building unit according to claim 1,

the working device module is a rotary type working device located above the traveling body module, a boom swing cylinder for rotation and a boom swing cylinder bracket for swing of the working device are connected to an upper portion of a bearing for swing,

and a lower portion of the slewing bearing is fixed to an upper plate of the traveling body module, so that the working device and an upper portion of the slewing bearing and the boom swing cylinder bracket are fixedly installed from the outside by a plurality of bolts on the same circumference.

7. The modular small building unit according to claim 6,

an angle sensor is attached to an upper plate of the traveling body module so as to detect a rotation angle of the working device, a front surface is displayed on a lower portion of the boom swing cylinder for connecting the rotating working device, and a scale for measuring a relative rotation motion is displayed so as to directly measure a turning angle.

8. The modular small building unit according to claim 1,

the traveling body module is formed with guide rail portions of complementary shapes on side surfaces facing each other so as to slide in the front-rear direction with respect to the traveling system module, and detachably coupled by a plurality of fixing members from the outside of the traveling system module in a state where the guide rail portions are fitted and assembled to each other.

9. The modular small building unit according to claim 8,

an additional fixing unit for providing a coupling force while guiding a sliding movement of the traveling body module is formed in front of or behind a coupling portion between the traveling body module and the traveling system module using the plurality of fixing units.

10. The modular small building unit according to claim 9,

the supplemental fixation assembly includes: a slot formed long in the front-rear direction in one of the traveling body module and the traveling system module; and a fixing member formed on the other of the traveling body module and the traveling system module so as to slide in the slot while penetrating the slot.

11. The modular small building unit according to claim 1,

the travel body module includes: a lower frame having a space for accommodating the components and an open upper portion; and an upper plate covering the open upper portion of the lower frame and having other components mounted thereon; the upper plate is divided into a front upper plate and a rear upper plate to be manufactured.

12. The modular small building unit according to claim 1,

the front and rear surfaces of the traveling body module are provided with the same standard interfaces for disassembling and assembling the same front working device module.

13. The modular small building unit according to claim 1,

the traveling body module can be fixed in a state where the front working device assembled to the front surface of the traveling body module is lifted up, and thereby a front working space can be secured.

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