CN115767870A - Preparation device for three-dimensional cooling continuous atomic beam - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a three-dimensional continuous cooling atomic beam preparation device, which comprises: the device comprises a first vacuum shell, a second vacuum shell, an atom source, two pairs of correlation two-dimensional cooling light sources, two optical glues, a pair of correlation deflection light sources and a glass window sheet. The three-dimensional continuous cooling atomic beam preparation device uses the two optical adhesives with adjustable frequency to generate the opposite light in the direction of the incident atomic beam, and simultaneously connects the glass window sheet penetrating through the spray holes in the first direction to the joint of the two vacuum shells, so that the atomic beam has a small beam waist after entering the second vacuum cavity, the opposite light of the two optical adhesives in the two vacuum cavities is kept, and the outgoing atomic beam formed by the deflection of the incident atomic beam is emitted from the exit port by arranging the pair of opposite deflection light sources to generate the opposite deflection light in the second vacuum cavity, thereby achieving the effects of low fluorescence leakage, small volume, compact structure and simple light path.

Description

Preparation device for three-dimensional cooling continuous atomic beam

technical field

The invention relates to the field of quantum precision measurement based on cold atoms, in particular to a preparation device for three-dimensional cooling continuous atomic beams.

Background technique

In the application field of atomic physics, the preparation of high-throughput cold atomic beams is a prerequisite for basic research and applications. Its applications are very extensive, involving atomic clocks, atomic interferometers, ultra-precise atomic and molecular spectroscopy, atomic lithography, Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) experiments and many other fields.

At present, there are two main methods for preparing continuous cold atomic beams: one is based on a hot atomic beam source, and then uses a laser to decelerate the hot atomic beam longitudinally and laterally cool it through a Zeeman Slower; the other One method is based on Magneto-Optical Trapping (MOT) technology, which cools and traps atoms directly from hot atom vapor, and then uses the imbalance of light pressure to push the atoms out continuously. According to the different magnetic fields used, the method is divided into 3D-MOT type or low velocity dense source (Low Velocity Intense Source, LVIS), 2D+-MOT type and 2D-MOT type.

Achieving a cold atom beam whose three-dimensional cooling temperature is close to or lower than the Doppler cooling limit is of great value for improving the sensitivity of subsequent detection. For example, in an atom interferometer, the contrast of interference fringes can be effectively improved. In addition, the MOT-based cold atomic beam source generally has the effect of pushing light in the direction of the atomic beam, and the pushing light and atomic fluorescence entering the subsequent vacuum cavity will have an adverse effect on subsequent measurements. For example, in an atomic clock, when the propulsion light and atomic fluorescence enter the microwave action area of the atomic clock, the light frequency will shift and the performance of the atomic clock will be deteriorated. As in the atom interferometer, the sensitivity and stability of the interferometry will also be adversely affected due to the effect of optical frequency shift.

In the prior art, MOT-based cold atomic beam sources usually can only achieve cooling at or below the Doppler cooling limit in the transverse direction of the atomic beam, and the velocity distribution in the longitudinal direction of the atomic beam is wider, much higher than that of Doppler cooling. Therefore, it is difficult to realize the preparation of three-dimensional cold atom beams. For this reason, in the patent document US20210243877A1, a dual-cavity structure of 2D+-MOT and moving optical glue (Moving Molasses, MM) is used to realize a three-dimensionally cooled continuous cold atomic beam. However, in the device in this technical solution, the optical path of the system is complicated and the volume is relatively large.

Contents of the invention

Based on this, it is necessary to provide a three-dimensional cooling system for the dual-cavity structure of the continuous cold atomic beam that uses 2D+-MOT and Moving Molasses (MM) to achieve three-dimensional cooling, the system has a complex optical path and a large volume. A device for the preparation of continuous atomic beams.

A preparation device for a three-dimensional cooling continuous atomic beam includes:

a first vacuum housing defining a first vacuum chamber whose axis direction is along a first direction;

a second vacuum housing connected to the first vacuum housing, the second vacuum housing defines a second vacuum chamber, one end of the first vacuum chamber along the first direction communicates with the second vacuum chamber, and the first vacuum chamber communicates with the second vacuum chamber. 2. There is an exit port on the vacuum shell;

an atom source, disposed on the side of the first vacuum enclosure along the first direction away from one end of the second vacuum enclosure, the atom source is in communication with the first vacuum chamber;

Two pairs of opposing two-dimensional cooling light sources, the light emitted by the two pairs of opposing two-dimensional cooling light sources is directed toward the center of the first vacuum chamber along the second direction and the third direction respectively, the second direction, the The third direction and the first direction are perpendicular to each other;

Two optical adhesives are respectively arranged at the ends of the first vacuum housing and the second vacuum housing away from each other, so that the light beams generated by the two optical adhesives face each other along the first direction, and the two optical adhesives The optical glue has multiple frequencies respectively;

A pair of opposing deflecting light sources, the light emitted by the opposing deflecting light sources is directed towards the center of the second vacuum cavity, and the angle between the direction of the light emitted by the opposing deflecting light sources and the first direction is 90° -θ, so that the incident atomic beam is deflected to form an outgoing atomic beam and then emitted from the exit port, 90°>θ>0°;

A glass window, the glass window is connected to the junction of the first vacuum enclosure and the second vacuum enclosure, and the glass window is provided with a spray hole penetrating along the first direction.

In one embodiment, the device for preparing a three-dimensionally cooled continuous atomic beam further includes a first magnetic field generating unit, and the magnetic field generating unit is used to generate a magnetic field extending along a first direction in the first vacuum cavity, so as to Controlling the beam waist of the incident atomic beam.

In one embodiment, the magnetic field generated by the first magnetic field generator is a gradient magnetic field.

In one embodiment, the device for preparing a three-dimensionally cooled continuous atomic beam further includes a second magnetic field generating part, the magnetic field generating part is used to generate a magnetic field in the second vacuum chamber that extends along the outgoing direction of the outgoing atomic beam The magnetic field to control the beam waist of the outgoing atomic beam.

In one embodiment, the magnetic field generated by the second magnetic field generator is a gradient magnetic field.

In one embodiment, θ is 10-30°.

In an embodiment, a vacuum pump is further included, and the vacuum pump is connected to the first vacuum housing and/or the second vacuum housing.

In one embodiment, the surface of the glass window is coated with an anti-reflection film, and the anti-reflection film is used to enhance the transmittance of light emitted by the optical adhesive.

In an embodiment, the first vacuum enclosure has a first light-transmitting glass corresponding to the two pairs of through-beam two-dimensional cooling light sources, and the two pairs of through-beam two-dimensional cooling light sources located outside the first light-transmitting glass can be Two pairs of opposing two-dimensional cooling lights are generated in the first vacuum chamber along the second direction and the third direction respectively through the corresponding first light-transmitting glass; The second light-transmitting glass corresponding to the light source, a pair of opposing deflecting light sources located outside the second light-transmitting glass, can pass through the corresponding first light-transmitting glass along a direction with an angle of 90°-θ with the first direction, A pair of opposing deflected lights are generated in the second vacuum cavity.

In one embodiment, the ends of the first vacuum enclosure and the second vacuum enclosure away from each other have third light-transmitting glass respectively, and one of the optical adhesives is arranged on the third transparent glass at the end of the first vacuum enclosure away from the second vacuum enclosure. The outer side of the optical glass, and the other optical adhesive is arranged on the outer side of the third light-transmitting glass at the end of the second vacuum housing away from the first vacuum housing.

The above-mentioned three-dimensional continuous cooling atomic beam preparation device uses two frequency-tunable optical adhesives to generate opposing light in the direction of the incident atomic beam, and at the same time connects the nozzle glass window penetrating through the first direction to the first vacuum housing and the second vacuum shell. The junction of the two vacuum shells not only ensures that the atomic beam has a smaller beam waist after entering the second vacuum chamber, but also maintains the opposite light of the two optical adhesives in the first vacuum chamber and the second vacuum chamber, and by setting A pair of opposite deflection light sources generate opposite deflected light in the second vacuum chamber, so that the outgoing atomic beam formed by the deflection of the incident atomic beam is emitted from the exit port, thereby achieving the effects of low fluorescence leakage, small volume, compact structure and simple optical path .

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a three-dimensional continuous cooling atomic beam preparation device along a first direction and a second direction.

Figure number:

110-the first vacuum shell; 111-the first vacuum cavity; 112-the first light-transmitting glass;

120-the second vacuum shell; 121-the second vacuum cavity; 122-the exit port; 123-the exit flange; 124-the second light-transmitting glass;

130 - atomic source;

140-cross-radiation two-dimensional cooling light source;

150-optical adhesive; 151-the first optical adhesive; 152-the second optical adhesive; 153-the third transparent glass;

160-opposite deflection light source;

170-incident atomic beam; 171-exit atomic beam;

180-glass window; 181-nozzle;

190-the first magnetic field generating part; 191-the second magnetic field generating part;

210-vacuum pump;

XX'-first direction; YY'-second direction; ZZ'-third direction.

Detailed ways

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, specific implementations of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described here, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without departing from the connotation of the present invention, so the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

In describing the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", " Back", "Left", "Right", "Vertical", "Horizontal", "Top", "Bottom", "Inner", "Outer", "Clockwise", "Counterclockwise", "Axial" , "radial", "circumferential" and other indicated orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying the referred device or Elements must have certain orientations, be constructed and operate in certain orientations, and therefore should not be construed as limitations on the invention.

In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of these features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, terms such as "installation", "connection", "connection" and "fixation" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , or integrated; it may be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it may be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components, unless otherwise specified limit. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the first feature may be in direct contact with the first feature or the first and second feature may be in direct contact with the second feature through an intermediary. touch. Moreover, "above", "above" and "above" the first feature on the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. "Below", "beneath" and "beneath" the first feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less horizontally than the second feature.

It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being “fixed on” or “disposed on” another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. As used herein, the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions are for the purpose of illustration only and are not intended to represent the only embodiment.

Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a three-dimensional cooling continuous atomic beam preparation device along the first direction XX' and the second direction YY' in an embodiment of the present invention. An embodiment of the present invention provides a The preparation device for three-dimensional cooling continuous atomic beams includes: a first vacuum enclosure 110, a second vacuum enclosure 120, an atom source 130, two pairs of opposite-beam two-dimensional cooling light sources 140, two optical adhesives 150, and a pair of opposite-beam deflection light sources 160 And the glass pane 180.

The first vacuum housing 110 defines a first vacuum chamber 111 whose axis direction is along a first direction XX'. The second vacuum housing 120 is connected with the first vacuum housing 110, the second vacuum housing 120 defines a second vacuum chamber 121, one end of the first vacuum chamber 111 communicates with the second vacuum chamber 121 along the first direction XX', and the second vacuum housing 120 is provided with an exit port 122 .

The atom source 130 is disposed on the side of the first vacuum enclosure 110 away from the end of the second vacuum enclosure 120 along the first direction XX', and the atom source 130 communicates with the first vacuum chamber 111.

The light rays emitted by the two pairs of opposing two-dimensional cooling light sources 140 are directed toward the center of the first vacuum chamber 111 along the second direction YY' and the third direction ZZ' respectively, the second direction YY', the third direction ZZ', the first direction XX' two by two vertical. Two optical adhesives 150 are respectively arranged at the ends of the first vacuum housing 110 and the second vacuum housing 120 away from each other, so that the light beams generated by the two optical adhesives 150 face each other along the first direction XX′, and the two optical adhesives The glues 150 each have a plurality of frequencies. The light emitted by the deflection light source 160 is directed towards the center of the second vacuum chamber 121, and the direction of the light emitted by the deflection light source 160 is at an angle of 90°-θ with the first direction XX', so that the incident atomic beam 170 is deflected After the outgoing atomic beam 171 is formed, it is emitted from the exit port 122, and 90°>θ>0°. The glass window 180 is connected to the junction of the first vacuum housing 110 and the second vacuum housing 120, and the glass window 180 is provided with a nozzle hole 181 penetrating along the first direction XX'.

During the use of the above-mentioned three-dimensional cooling continuous atomic beam preparation device, the first vacuum housing 110 defines a first vacuum chamber 111 whose axis direction is along the first direction XX'. The second vacuum housing 120 is connected with the first vacuum housing 110, and the second vacuum housing 120 defines a second vacuum chamber 121, and one end of the first vacuum chamber 111 along the first direction XX' communicates with the second vacuum chamber 112, ensuring that atoms and The beam is in a vacuum environment, thus ensuring the controllability of the atoms and the beam in the vacuum cavity. The atom source 130 is arranged on the side of the first vacuum housing 110 away from the end of the second vacuum housing 120 along the first direction XX', and the atom source 130 communicates with the first vacuum chamber 111 to release atoms into the first vacuum chamber 111.

The two optical adhesives 150 are respectively arranged at the ends of the first vacuum housing 110 and the second vacuum housing 120 away from each other, so that the light beams generated by the two optical adhesives 150 face each other along the first direction XX′, wherein the first The optical adhesive of the vacuum housing 110 is the first optical adhesive 151 , and the optical adhesive disposed on the second vacuum housing 120 is the second optical adhesive 152 . Therefore, the light beam emitted by the first optical glue 151 along the first direction XX' provides a thrust for the atoms to move toward the second vacuum envelope 120 along the first direction XX', forming an initial atomic beam.

The light rays emitted by the two pairs of opposing two-dimensional cooling light sources 140 are directed toward the center of the first vacuum chamber 111 along the second direction YY' and the third direction ZZ' respectively, the second direction YY', the third direction ZZ', the first direction Two pairs of XX' are perpendicular to each other, so the light emitted by two pairs of opposing two-dimensional cooling light sources 140 cools the initial atomic beam in the second direction YY' and the third direction ZZ' to form a two-dimensional cooling atomic beam. The glass window 180 is connected to the junction of the first vacuum housing 110 and the second vacuum housing 120. The glass window 180 is provided with a spray hole 181 penetrating along the first direction XX', and the two-dimensional cooling atomic beam enters the second vacuum through the spray hole 181. Two vacuum chambers 121 . At the same time, because the glass window 180 is transparent, the light beams emitted by the two optical adhesives 150 can still be kept facing each other. And because the two optical adhesives 150 respectively have multiple frequencies, when the two-dimensional cooling atomic beam moves along the first direction XX' like the second vacuum envelope 120, the opposing light emitted by the two optical adhesives 150 makes the two The three-dimensional cooling atomic beam is continuously cooled along the first direction XX' to form a three-dimensional cooling atomic beam, that is, the incident atomic beam 170. At the same time, the frequency of the two optical adhesives 150 can be adjusted to control the first direction XX of the incident atomic beam 170 'cooling effect.

The light emitted by the deflection light source 160 is directed towards the center of the second vacuum chamber 121, and the direction of the light emitted by the deflection light source 160 is at an angle of 90°-θ with the first direction XX', so that the incident atomic beam 170 is deflected The formed outgoing atomic beam 171 has an included angle of θ with the axial direction of the first vacuum chamber 111, and exits from the exit port 122, thereby forming a three-dimensional continuous cooling atomic beam. 171 contains photons, thereby reducing fluorescence leakage and reducing the impact of fluorescence on the next-level action area.

The above-mentioned three-dimensional continuous cooling atomic beam preparation device uses two frequency-tunable optical adhesives 150 to generate opposing light in the direction of the incident atomic beam 170, and at the same time connects the glass window 180 that passes through the nozzle hole 181 along the first direction XX' to At the connection between the first vacuum housing 110 and the second vacuum housing 120, it is ensured that the atomic beam has a smaller beam waist after entering the second vacuum chamber 121, and at the same time, two optical adhesives 150 are kept in the first vacuum chamber 111 and the second vacuum chamber 111. The incident light in the second vacuum chamber 121, and a pair of incident deflection light sources 160 are arranged to generate the incident deflected light in the second vacuum chamber 121, so that the outgoing atomic beam 171 deflected by the incident atomic beam 170 is emitted from the exit port 122 , thereby achieving the effects of low fluorescence leakage, small volume, compact structure, adjustable first direction XX' of atomic beam cooling, and simple optical path.

Preferably, the axis of the nozzle hole 181 is the axis of the first vacuum chamber, so that the two-dimensional cooling atomic beam enters the second vacuum chamber 121 along the axis of the first vacuum chamber 111, and at the same time facilitates the calculation of the deflection direction of the deflecting light source 160 And the selection of exit port 122 position.

Optionally, the first vacuum housing 110 and the second vacuum housing 120 may be made of aluminum alloy, stainless steel, titanium alloy or glass material.

Preferably, the inner diameter of the nozzle hole 181 is between 0.5mm and 2mm.

Optionally, the nozzle holes 181 are formed by ultrasonic or drilling.

Optionally, the atomic source 130 is an alkali metal rubidium source or a cesium source, and the atomic source 130 is heated so that atoms enter the first vacuum chamber 111 to form atomic vapor.

In one embodiment, the two vacuum shells are connected by vacuum flanges, thereby ensuring the vacuum degree of the two vacuum chambers.

In one embodiment, the nozzle hole 181 and the glass window 180 are fabricated on the vacuum flange.

In one embodiment, the device for preparing a three-dimensionally cooled continuous atomic beam further includes an atomic beam exit flange 123, which is connected to the exit port 122, so that the exit atomic beam 171 enters the next-stage vacuum system.

In one embodiment, the preparation device for three-dimensionally cooled continuous atomic beams further includes a first magnetic field generator 190, which is used to generate a magnetic field extending along the first direction XX' in the first vacuum chamber 111 to control the incident The beam waist of the atomic beam 170 traps the atomic beam.

In one embodiment, the magnetic field generated by the first magnetic field generator 190 is a gradient magnetic field, so as to gradually control the beam waist of the incident atomic beam 170 and trap the atomic beam.

In another embodiment, the magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic field generated by the first magnetic field generating unit 190 is constant, so as to control the beam waist of the incident atomic beam 170 and trap the atomic beam.

Optionally, the first magnetic field generating part 190 may be generated by a permanent magnet or by an energized coil.

Optionally, the magnetic field generated by the first magnetic field generator 190 may be a three-dimensional gradient magnetic field, such as a 3D-MOT magnetic field formed by an inverse Helmholtz coil, or a two-dimensional gradient magnetic field, such as four rectangular energized coils or a quadrupole type 2D+-MOT magnetic field composed of permanent magnets.

Optionally, the first magnetic field generator 190 may be placed inside the first vacuum chamber 111 or outside the first vacuum chamber 111 .

In one embodiment, the device for preparing a three-dimensionally cooled continuous atomic beam further includes a second magnetic field generator 191, which is used to generate a magnetic field extending along the outgoing direction of the outgoing atomic beam 171 in the first vacuum cavity 111, so as to control The beam waist of the outgoing atomic beam 171 is trapped in the atomic beam.

In one embodiment, the magnetic field generated by the second magnetic field generating unit 191 is a gradient magnetic field.

In another embodiment, the magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic field generated by the second magnetic field generating part 191 is constant.

Optionally, the second magnetic field generating part 191 may be generated by a permanent magnet or by an energized coil.

Optionally, the magnetic field generated by the second magnetic field generator 191 can be a three-dimensional gradient magnetic field, such as a 3D-MOT magnetic field formed by an inverse Helmholtz coil, or a two-dimensional gradient magnetic field, such as four rectangular energized coils or a quadrupole type 2D+-MOT magnetic field composed of permanent magnets _.

Optionally, the second magnetic field generator 191 may be placed inside or outside the second vacuum chamber 121 .

Preferably, θ is 10-30°, so as to prevent the beam waist of the atomic beam emitted from the small hole from being too large after deflection, and simplify the processing and optical path arrangement at the same time.

In this embodiment, the apparatus for preparing a three-dimensionally cooled continuous atomic beam further includes a vacuum pump 210 , and the second vacuum housing 120 is connected to the vacuum pump 210 .

In another embodiment, the first vacuum housing 110 is connected with a vacuum pump 210 to maintain a certain degree of vacuum in the first vacuum chamber 111 and the second vacuum chamber 121 .

In yet another embodiment, the first vacuum housing 110 is connected to the vacuum pump 210, and the second vacuum housing 120 is connected to the vacuum pump 210, so as to maintain a small pressure difference between the two vacuum chambers, thereby reducing the pressure while ensuring the normal use of the glass pane 180. The thickness of the glass window 180 is to improve light transmittance.

In one embodiment, the surface of the glass window 180 is coated with an anti-reflection film to enhance the transmittance of the light emitted by the two optical adhesives 150, so as to ensure more precise cooling adjustment of the atomic beam along the first direction XX'.

The first vacuum enclosure has at least one piece of first light-transmitting glass corresponding to the two pairs of the two-dimensional cooling light sources, so that the two pairs of the two-dimensional cooling light sources located outside the first light-transmitting glass The two-dimensional cooling light can be respectively emitted into the first vacuum chamber through the corresponding first light-transmitting glass; so that the pair of opposite deflection light sources located outside the second transparent glass can respectively emit deflected light into the second vacuum cavity through the corresponding first transparent glass.

In one embodiment, the first vacuum enclosure 110 has a first light-transmitting glass 112 corresponding to the two pairs of through-beam two-dimensional cooling light sources 140 , so that the two pairs of through-beam two-dimensional cooling light sources located outside the first light-transmitting glass 112 140 , emit two pairs of opposing two-dimensional cooling lights into the first vacuum cavity 111 along the second direction YY′ and the third direction ZZ′ respectively through the corresponding first light-transmitting glass 112 . The second vacuum enclosure 120 has a second light-transmitting glass 124 corresponding to a pair of opposite-ray deflecting light sources 160, so that a pair of opposite-ray deflecting light sources 160 positioned outside the second light-transmitting glass 124 pass through the corresponding second light-transmitting glass. 124 generates a pair of opposite deflected lights in the second vacuum cavity 121 along a direction with an angle of 90°-θ with the first direction. Therefore, two pairs of through-beam two-dimensional cooling light sources 140 and a pair of through-beam deflection light sources 160 can be placed outside the first vacuum housing 110 and the second vacuum housing 120 respectively, and the through-beam two-dimensional cooling light can pass through the first light-transmitting The glass 112 enters the first vacuum chamber 111, and the deflected light can enter the second vacuum chamber 121 through the second light-transmitting glass 124, which further reduces the volume of the preparation device for three-dimensional cooling continuous atomic beams, and facilitates the replacement of two pairs of opposite beams. A two-dimensional cooling light source 140 and a pair of opposite beam deflecting light sources 160 .

In one of the embodiments, the first light-transmitting glass 112 can be a piece of cylindrical glass, and two pairs of opposite-beam two-dimensional cooling light sources 140 are arranged on the outside of the first light-transmitting glass 112, then the two pairs of opposite-beam two-dimensional cooling The light beam generated by the cooling light source 140 passes through the first light-transmitting glass 112 and enters the first vacuum chamber 111 to form two pairs of two-dimensional cooling light beams facing each other. That is, in this embodiment, the two pairs of through-beam two-dimensional cooling light sources 140 correspond to the same two pairs of through-beam two-dimensional cooling light sources 140 .

In another embodiment, there are four pieces of first light-transmitting glass 112 , corresponding to two pairs of opposite-beam two-dimensional cooling light sources 140 (ie, four pieces of two-dimensional cooling light sources 140 ). Among them, two pieces of first light-transmitting glass 112 are arranged oppositely along the second direction YY' and both face the inside of the first vacuum chamber 111, and the other two pieces of first light-transmitting glass 112 are arranged oppositely along the third direction ZZ' and both face the first vacuum chamber 111. Inside the vacuum chamber 111. The two light sources 140 of the pair of two-dimensional cooling light sources 140 are respectively located on the sides of the two pieces of first transparent glass 112 facing away from each other along the second direction YY'. Two light sources 140 of another pair of two-dimensional cooling light sources 140 are respectively located on sides away from each other of two pieces of first light-transmitting glass 112 disposed opposite to each other along the third direction ZZ'. The two pairs of opposite-beam two-dimensional cooling light sources 140 located outside the first vacuum enclosure 110 can pass through the respective first transparent glass 112 to generate two pairs of opposite-beam two-dimensional cooling light in the first vacuum chamber 111 .

In one embodiment, the ends of the first vacuum housing 110 and the second vacuum housing 120 are respectively provided with third light-transmitting glass 153 , and one of the optical adhesives, that is, the first optical adhesive 151 is disposed on the first vacuum housing 110 On the outside of the light-transmitting glass away from the end of the second vacuum housing 120, another optical glue, that is, the second optical glue 152 is arranged on the outside of the third light-transmitting glass 153 at the end of the second vacuum housing 120 away from the first vacuum housing 110 . Therefore, the incident light generated by the two optical adhesives 150 can enter the first vacuum chamber 111 and the second vacuum chamber 121 through the third light-transmitting glass 153, further reducing the volume of the preparation device for three-dimensional cooling continuous atomic beams, and at the same time, it is convenient to replace Two optical glue 150.

The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are not described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, should be considered as within the scope of this specification.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation modes of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but should not be construed as limiting the patent scope of the invention. It should be pointed out that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent for the present invention should be based on the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A preparation device for a three-dimensional cooling continuous atomic beam, characterized in that, the preparation device for the three-dimensional cooling continuous atomic beam comprises: a first vacuum housing defining a first vacuum chamber whose axis direction is along a first direction; a second vacuum housing connected to the first vacuum housing, the second vacuum housing defines a second vacuum chamber, one end of the first vacuum chamber along the first direction communicates with the second vacuum chamber, and the first vacuum chamber communicates with the second vacuum chamber. 2. There is an exit port on the vacuum shell; an atom source, disposed on the side of the first vacuum enclosure along the first direction away from one end of the second vacuum enclosure, the atom source is in communication with the first vacuum chamber; Two pairs of opposing two-dimensional cooling light sources, the light emitted by the two pairs of opposing two-dimensional cooling light sources is directed toward the center of the first vacuum chamber along the second direction and the third direction respectively, the second direction, the The third direction and the first direction are perpendicular to each other; Two optical adhesives are respectively arranged at the ends of the first vacuum housing and the second vacuum housing away from each other, so that the light beams generated by the two optical adhesives face each other along the first direction, and the two optical adhesives The optical glue has multiple frequencies respectively; A pair of opposing deflecting light sources, the light emitted by the opposing deflecting light sources is directed towards the center of the second vacuum cavity, and the angle between the direction of the light emitted by the opposing deflecting light sources and the first direction is 90° -θ, so that the incident atomic beam is deflected to form an outgoing atomic beam and then emitted from the exit port, 90°>θ>0°; A glass window, the glass window is connected to the junction of the first vacuum enclosure and the second vacuum enclosure, and the glass window is provided with a spray hole penetrating along the first direction. 2. The preparation device of three-dimensional cooling continuous atomic beam according to claim 1, characterized in that, the preparation device of said three-dimensional cooling continuous atomic beam also comprises a first magnetic field generating part, and said magnetic field generating device is used to make said three-dimensional cooling continuous atomic beam A magnetic field extending along a first direction is generated in the first vacuum cavity to control the beam waist of the incident atomic beam. 3 . The device for preparing a three-dimensionally cooled continuous atomic beam according to claim 2 , wherein the magnetic field generated by the first magnetic field generator is a gradient magnetic field. 4 . 4. The preparation device of three-dimensional cooling continuous atomic beam according to claim 1, characterized in that, the preparation device of said three-dimensional cooling continuous atomic beam also comprises a second magnetic field generating part, and said magnetic field generating part is used to make said A magnetic field extending along the outgoing direction of the outgoing atomic beam is generated in the second vacuum cavity to control the beam waist of the outgoing atomic beam. 5 . The device for preparing a three-dimensionally cooled continuous atomic beam according to claim 4 , wherein the magnetic field generated by the second magnetic field generator is a gradient magnetic field. 6 . The device for preparing a three-dimensional cooling continuous atomic beam according to claim 1 , wherein θ is 10-30°. 7 . The device for preparing a three-dimensional cooling continuous atomic beam according to claim 1 , further comprising a vacuum pump connected to the first vacuum housing and/or the second vacuum housing. 8 . 8. The preparation device for three-dimensionally cooled continuous atomic beams according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the glass window is coated with an anti-reflection film, and the anti-reflection film is used to enhance the transmission of light emitted by the optical adhesive Rate. 9. The device for preparing a three-dimensional cooling continuous atomic beam according to claim 1, wherein the first vacuum enclosure has at least one piece of first light-transmitting glass corresponding to the two pairs of opposing two-dimensional cooling light sources, so that the two pairs of the opposite two-dimensional cooling light sources located outside the first transparent glass can respectively emit two-dimensional cooling light into the first vacuum cavity through the corresponding first transparent glass; The second vacuum enclosure has a second light-transmitting glass corresponding to the pair of opposite-ray deflecting light sources, so that the pair of opposite-ray deflecting light sources located outside the second light-transmitting glass can respectively pass through the corresponding The first light-transmitting glass emits deflected light into the second vacuum cavity respectively. 10. The device for preparing a three-dimensional cooling continuous atomic beam according to claim 1, wherein the ends of the first vacuum housing and the second vacuum housing are respectively provided with a third light-transmitting glass, and one of the optical adhesives The other optical adhesive is arranged on the outside of the third light-transmitting glass at the end of the second vacuum enclosure away from the first vacuum enclosure.

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