CN115764516A - C-band Cerenkov oscillator with double extraction cavities - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a C-band Cerenkov oscillator with double extraction cavities, which comprises an oscillator cavity and a solenoid magnetic field arranged outside the oscillator cavity in a surrounding manner, wherein the oscillator cavity comprises an anode outer cylinder, a stop neck, a resonant reflection cavity, a slow wave structure, a drift section, a first extraction cavity, a second extraction cavity, a waveguide clamp ring and an output waveguide which are sequentially arranged; the anode outer cylinder is internally provided with a cathode. The invention adopts the double extraction cavities behind the slow wave structure to improve the microwave extraction efficiency; and after the electron beam striking position is positioned in the second extraction cavity, the radiation is more favorable than the scheme that the electron beam striking position is positioned in the coaxial inner cylinder, and meanwhile, the microwave output with long pulse width and high efficiency is realized under the condition that six-period non-uniform slow-wave blades are used.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a microwave source device in the technical field of high-power microwaves, in particular to a C-band Cerenkov oscillator with double extraction cavities, and belongs to the technical field of high-power microwaves.
Background
High power microwave generally refers to electromagnetic waves with peak power greater than 100MW and frequency between 1GHz and 300 GHz, and the high power microwave technology is an emerging research field along with the development of pulse power technology, plasma physics and electric vacuum technology. Has bright application prospect in the aspects of plasma heating, high-power radar, particle radio frequency acceleration and utilization of future space energy.
The high power microwave source is the core device of the high power microwave system, and its operation is based on coherent radiation of electron beam. The coherent radiation mechanism of the electron beam is classified into cerenkov radiation, transit radiation and bremsstrahlung radiation. The high-power microwave source based on the Cerenkov radiation mechanism is mainly a relativistic Cerenkov oscillator and a relativistic Cerenkov amplifier. High power microwave sources based on the transit radiation mechanism are mainly relativistic klystron oscillators and relativistic klystron amplifiers. The high-power microwave source based on the bremsstrahlung mechanism is mainly free electron laser, a virtual cathode and the like.
Relativistic cerenkov oscillators are one of the most promising high power microwave source devices at present. The coherent microwave radiation device utilizes the interaction of relativistic electron beams and electromagnetic wave modes (structural waves) in a slow wave structure to generate self oscillation and amplification to form coherent microwave radiation, and has the characteristics of high power, high efficiency, suitability for repeated frequency work and the like. Nowadays, improving the power conversion efficiency of the device and extending the pulse width of the output microwave have become important directions for the development of the device. The higher output power can be obtained under the same input power by improving the beam wave action efficiency of the device, and the longer microwave output can be obtained under the same input electrical length by prolonging the pulse width of the output microwave. Both are favorable for saving energy and obtaining a more practical and miniaturized high-power microwave system.
Research on Long Pulse relativity Cerenkov oscillators is typically a device designed by the university of defense Science and technology [ Jun Zhang, zhen-Xing Jin, jian-Hua Yang, hui-Huang Zhong, ting Shu, jian-De Zhang, bao-Liang Qian, cheng-Wei Yuan, zhi-Qiang Li, yu-Wei Fan, sheng-Yue Zhou, and Liu-Rong xu. The structure comprises a cathode seat, a cathode, an anode outer cylinder, a cut-off neck, a slow wave structure, a tapered waveguide, an output waveguide and a solenoid magnetic field, wherein the whole structure is rotationally symmetrical about a central axis. For convenience of description, the side close to the cathode base in the axial direction will be referred to hereinafterThe left end and the side far away from the cathode base are called the right end. Wherein the slow wave structure comprises 5 slow wave blades, and the internal surface of every slow wave blade all is the trapezium structure, and 4 slow wave blades on the left side are the same completely, and the 5 th slow wave blade has great biggest outer radius, the length L of 5 slow wave blades 1 The same is true. The output waveguide has an inner radius of R 7 The residual electrons are collected by the inner wall of the waveguide. The device has a simple structure, is beneficial to stable output of high-power microwaves, collects residual electrons by adopting the output waveguide with a larger radius, reduces the density of electrons at the collection position, reduces the quantity of secondary electrons generated by electron bombardment on the inner wall of the output waveguide, further weakens the influence of plasma on the microwaves, and is beneficial to realizing long-pulse operation. Experimental results show that the microwave output power reaches 1GW, the pulse width is 100ns, and the frequency is 3.6GHz. However, the power conversion efficiency of the device is low, only 20%, and is lower than the power conversion efficiency of about 30% of the conventional relativistic Cerenkov oscillator. The microwave with the same power is output, and the lower power conversion efficiency requires the pulse driving source to inject higher electric power, so that the higher requirement is provided for the driving capability of the pulse driving source, and the structure is not beneficial to be compact. Therefore, the technical scheme cannot realize the high-efficiency operation of the long-pulse relativistic Cerenkov oscillator, and is not beneficial to realizing the miniaturization and the compactness of a high-power microwave system.
There are various ways to improve the power conversion efficiency of the relativistic cerenkov oscillator, such as adopting a non-uniform slow wave structure, adding a resonant cavity, adopting plasma loading, etc. A structure of a coaxial extraction relativistic Cerenkov oscillator is disclosed in Liu Guozhi, chen Changhua, zhang Yulong, coaxial extraction relativistic backward wave tube, intense laser and particle beam, 2001, vol.13, no.4, pp.467-470. The slow wave structure in this structure comprises 9 slow wave blades, and the internal surface of every slow wave blade all is the trapezium structure, and 8 slow wave blades on the left side are identical, and the 9 th slow wave blade has great biggest outer radius, the length L of 9 slow wave blades 1 The same is true. The coaxial extraction relativistic backward wave tube also comprises a cylindrical coaxial extraction structure, and an annular groove is dug on the left end surface of the coaxial extraction structureAnd residual electrons are absorbed by the inner wall of the groove. Because the structure is only a numerical simulation model which is preliminarily established, the connection mode of the coaxial extraction structure and the output waveguide is not handed over. The result of the particle simulation shows that the output microwave power is 2.0GW, the frequency is 9.28GHz, and the efficiency reaches 45%. However, in the simulation result of this device, the output power contains a dc component, and thus the simulation result has a large error. The slow wave structure of the device adopts 9 slow wave blades, so that the axial length is overlarge, and the miniaturization of the device is not facilitated. In addition, the device intends to utilize the inner wall of the groove on the left side of the coaxial extraction structure to absorb residual electrons, so that secondary electrons generated by electron beams directly bombarding the inner wall of the output waveguide are reduced, the influence of the secondary electrons on the working process of the device is further weakened, and the long-pulse output of microwaves is realized. The coaxial extraction structure is located inside the device, so that water circulation is not easy to cool, and the long-pulse and repeated-frequency work of the relativistic Cerenkov oscillator is not facilitated.
Long pulses and high efficiency are the goals sought by microwave source designers, although relativistic cerenkov oscillators have been studied for many years, it is still challenging to compromise long microwave pulses and high efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the invention provides a C-band Cerenkov oscillator with double extraction cavities, which adopts the double extraction cavities with slow-wave structures to improve the microwave extraction efficiency; and the electron beam striking position is positioned in the second extraction cavity, so that the heat dissipation is more favorable than the scheme that the electron beam striking position is positioned in the coaxial inner cylinder. Meanwhile, the problem that a conventional relativistic Cerenkov oscillator cannot give consideration to both long-output microwave pulse width and high-power conversion efficiency is solved, the long-pulse-width and high-efficiency microwave output is realized under the condition that a six-period non-uniform slow-wave blade is used, and the microwave source is simple in structure, easy to process and easy to repeat frequency operation.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: the invention relates to a C-band Cerenkov oscillator with double extraction cavities, which is characterized in that: the C-band Cerenkov oscillator with the double extraction cavities comprises an oscillator cavity and a solenoid magnetic field arranged outside the oscillator cavity in a surrounding mode, wherein the oscillator cavity comprises an anode outer cylinder, a stop neck, a resonant reflection cavity, a slow wave structure, a drift section, a first extraction cavity, a second extraction cavity, a waveguide clamp ring and an output waveguide which are sequentially arranged; the anode outer cylinder is internally provided with a cathode.
Further, the cathode is a thin-walled cylinder with a wall thickness of 2mm and an inner radius R 1 Equal to the radius of the electron beam, and the outer cylinder of the anode has an inner radius of R 2 The metal housing of (2).
Further, the stop neck is disc-shaped, and the inner radius is R 3 ，R 3 ＞R 1 Length of L 2 Length L between the cutoff neck and the cathode 1 Distance between cathode and anode, L 1 Greater than 2cm.
Further, the resonant reflecting cavity is disc-shaped, and the inner radius R 3 And an outer radius R 4 Satisfy R 4 ＞R 3 Length L of 3 The value is 0.4-0.5 times of the working wavelength lambda.
Further, the distance from the resonant reflecting cavity is L 4 Is in slow wave structure, L 4 The value is 0.2 to 0.3 times of the working wavelength lambda; the slow wave structure is formed by arranging 6 trapezoidal slow wave blades, and the length of each two trapezoidal slow wave blades is L 7 All inner radii are R 3 The first slow wave blade is in a right trapezoid shape, and the length of the upper bottom of the trapezoid is L 5 The width of the bevel edge is L 6 The outer radius of the slow-wave blade is R 5 (ii) a The second, third and fifth slow wave blades are isosceles trapezoids, and the length of the upper base of the trapezoid is L 5 The width of the bevel edge is L 6 The outer radius of the slow-wave blade is R 6 、R 7 、R 9 Satisfy R 9 >R 7 >R 6 (ii) a The fourth trapezoidal slow wave blade has the length of L at the upper bottom 8 Satisfy L 8 >L 5 The width of the bevel edge is L 6 The outer radius of the slow wave blade is R 8 Satisfy R 8 >R 9 (ii) a The sixth slow wave blade is also in a right trapezoid shape, and the length of the upper bottom of the trapezoid is L 5 The width of the bevel edge is L 6 The outer radius of the slow wave blade is R 10 Satisfy R 8 >R 10 >R 9 ，L 5 And L 7 The value is 0.1 times the operating wavelength lambda.
Furthermore, the slow wave structure is followed by a section of inner radius R 3 Length of L 9 Drift section of L 9 The value is 0.8 to 1 times the operating wavelength lambda.
Furthermore, a first extraction cavity is connected behind the drift section, the first extraction cavity is disc-shaped, and the outer radius of the first extraction cavity is R 11 Length of L 10 Satisfy R 11 >R 8 The depth of the first extraction cavity is the outer radius R of the first extraction cavity 11 And inner radius R of drift section 3 The difference of (a).
Furthermore, the first extraction cavity is followed by a drift section inner radius R 3 Length is L 11 Connecting rings connecting the two extraction chambers, length L 11 Is taken as L 11 +L 10 Together 0.5 times the operating wavelength λ; the second extraction cavity is connected with the circular ring and then is disc-shaped, and the outer radius of the second extraction cavity is R 12 Length of L 12 Satisfy R 11 >R 12 >R 8 The depth of the second extraction cavity is the outer radius R of the second extraction cavity 12 And inner radius R of drift section 3 The difference of (a).
Furthermore, the second extraction cavity is followed by a drift section inner radius R 3 Length of L 13 The electron beam strikes the circular ring, the rear part of the electron beam striking circular ring is connected with a waveguide snap ring, and the radius R of the waveguide snap ring 13 Length of L 14 The rear-connected radius of the waveguide snap ring is the inner radius R of the drift section 3 The output waveguide of (1).
Further, the anode outer cylinder, the stop neck, the resonant reflection cavity, the slow wave structure, the drift section and the first extraction cavity are all made of stainless steel, the second extraction cavity, the waveguide clamp ring and the output waveguide are made of graphite, and the solenoid magnetic field is formed by winding copper wires.
Compared with the prior art, the invention can achieve the following technical effects:
1) The invention adopts a double-extraction cavity structure, and has the following main functions:
1.1 A comparative model using a single-double extraction cavity device is shown in fig. 3, and it can be seen that the double extraction cavity model adds another extraction cavity at a suitable position behind the slow-wave structure compared to the single extraction cavity model. A comparison graph of the total axial power flow in the cavity at a time after the device employing the single and double extraction cavities reaches saturation is shown in fig. 4, and it can be seen that: 1, in a Slow Wave Structure (SWS) section, the excited power of a model axial power flow (solid line) adopting double extraction cavities is higher than that of a model axial power flow (breakpoint line) adopting a single extraction cavity, and in each power peak of the Slow Wave Structure section, the former is improved compared with the latter, because after an additional extraction cavity is elaborately added, the integral intra-cavity reflection condition of the device is optimized, and higher energy can be excited; 2, in the extraction structure (Extractor) section, a device adopting double extraction cavities has an additional microwave energy excitation point, which shows that after the double extraction cavity structure is adopted, the extra extraction cavities are deeper, and strong standing waves exist in the cavities, so that the energy of electron beams can be additionally extracted into microwave energy; 3, the output microwave power after adopting the double extraction cavities is higher than that of adopting the single extraction cavity in the output waveguide pipe section (behind the extraction structure), which shows that the design is effective, and the double extraction cavity structure can indeed increase the extraction and conversion capability of energy converted from the kinetic energy of the electron beam into the electromagnetic wave energy.
1.2 A graph of the output power versus time for the device using the dual extraction chamber device and the device using the single extraction chamber is shown in fig. 5, and it can be seen that: 1, no matter what structure is adopted, the microwave output by the device is stable after saturation, and the problems of pulse collapse and microwave power reduction do not occur in the range of 130ns, which indicates that the device is designed well; 2, the oscillation starting time of the device with the double extraction cavities is delayed by 5ns compared with that of the device with the single extraction cavity, but the saturated output microwave power is increased by about 0.8GW, the efficiency of the device is improved by about 10%, and therefore after the device with the double extraction cavities is adopted, the saturation time of the device is slightly increased, but the saturation power is greatly improved.
2) The invention adopts a non-uniform slow wave structure, and mainly has the following functions:
2.1 In the process of transition of the slow-wave structure from the rectangular structure to the trapezoidal structure, the distance between the conductor tips on the two sides of the cavity is gradually increased, so that local field enhancement of the conductor tips can be avoided, and the risk of strong field breakdown is reduced. As the inclination angle of the trapezoid decreases, the electrostatic field induced by the electron beam increases gradually, which suppresses the field emission of electrons from the metal surface.
2.2 When a uniform slow-wave structure is adopted, energy is partially given to electromagnetic waves by an electron beam at the rear section of the slow-wave structure, the velocity of the electron beam is lower than the phase velocity of spatial harmonics, and thus sufficient energy conversion cannot be achieved. When the non-uniform slow wave structure is adopted, the coupling impedance can be increased by improving the ripple depth at the rear end of the slow wave structure, and the harmonic phase speed is reduced. When the speed of the electron beam is reduced, the phase speed of the structural wave is correspondingly reduced, so that the rear part of the slow wave structure can still meet the good beam synchronization condition.
3) The invention adopts a waveguide snap ring structure and mainly has the following functions:
adopt waveguide snap ring structure, the advantage is: the waveguide snap ring can intercept a part of electron beams to enter the output waveguide section, so that the influence of charged particles on the quality of output microwaves can be avoided, and the stable operation of a device is facilitated.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional perspective view of a preferred embodiment of a C-band cerenkov oscillator with dual extraction cavities according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of a C-band Cerenkov oscillator with a dual extraction cavity provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a comparison of a single-double extraction cavity model structure of a preferred embodiment of a C-band Cerenkov oscillator with double extraction cavities according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a comparison graph of axial total power flow of a preferred embodiment of a C-band Cerenkov oscillator with dual extraction cavities according to the present invention when a single-dual extraction cavity model structure is employed;
fig. 5 is a microwave output power comparison diagram of a C-band cerenkov oscillator with dual extraction cavities according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when a single-dual extraction cavity model structure is adopted.
The reference numerals are explained below:
301. a cathode; 302. an anode outer cylinder; 303. a cut-off neck; 304. a resonant reflective cavity; 305. a slow wave structure; 306. a drift section; 307. a first extraction chamber; 308. a second extraction chamber; 309. a waveguide snap ring; 310. an output waveguide; 311. a solenoid magnetic field; 312. an oscillator cavity.
Detailed Description
The general aspects of the invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following figures and specific examples:
see fig. 1, 2; the C-band Cerenkov oscillator with the double extraction cavities comprises an oscillator cavity 312 and a solenoid magnetic field 311 arranged on the outer side of the oscillator cavity 312 in a surrounding mode, wherein the oscillator cavity 312 comprises an anode outer cylinder 302, a stop neck 303, a resonant reflection cavity 304, a slow-wave structure 305 and a drift section 306 which are sequentially arranged, a first extraction cavity 307, a second extraction cavity 308, a waveguide clamp ring 309 and an output waveguide 310; the first extraction cavity 307 and the second extraction cavity 308 form a double-extraction-cavity structure; a cathode 301 is arranged in the anode outer cylinder 302, the whole structure is rotationally symmetrical about a central axis, the left end of the cathode 301 is externally connected with an inner conductor of a pulse power source, the left end of the anode outer cylinder 302 is externally connected with an anode of the pulse power source, and the right end of the output waveguide 310 is connected with a mode converter and an antenna; wherein:
the cathode 301 is a thin-walled cylinder with a wall thickness of 2mm and an inner radius R 1 Equal to the electron beam radius;
the anode outer cylinder 302 has an inner radius R 2 The left end of the metal shell is externally connected with an anode of a pulse power source;
the stop neck 303 is in a disc shape and has an inner radius of R 3 ，R 3 ＞R 1 Length of L 2 Length L between cutoff neck 303 and cathode 301 1 Called the distance between the anode and cathode, L 1 Too small results in premature expansion of the cathode plasma to the anode resulting in a shorter cathode-anode closing pulse, so L 1 Typically greater than 2cm;
the resonant reflective cavity 304 is disk-shaped with an inner radius R 3 And an outer radius R 4 Satisfy R 4 ＞R 3 Length L of 3 The value is generally 0.4 to 0.5 times of the working wavelength lambda;
a length L from the resonant reflective cavity 304 4 Is in a slow wave structure 305, L 4 The value is generally 0.2 to 0.3 times of the working wavelength lambda;
the slow wave structure 305 is composed of 6 trapezoidal slow wave blades, and the lengths of the trapezoidal slow wave blades are all L 7 All inner radii are R 3 The ring of (2);
the first slow-wave blade is in the shape of a right trapezoid, and the length of the upper bottom of the trapezoid is L 5 The width of the bevel edge is L 6 The outer radius of the slow-wave blade is R 5 ；
The second, third and fifth slow wave blades are isosceles trapezoids, and the length of the upper base of the trapezoid is L 5 The width of the bevel edge is L 6 The outer radius of the slow-wave blade is R 6 、R 7 、R 9 Satisfy R 9 >R 7 >R 6 ；
The fourth trapezoidal slow wave blade has the length of L at the upper bottom 8 Satisfy L 8 >L 5 The width of the bevel edge is L 6 The outer radius of the slow wave blade is R 8 Satisfy R 8 >R 9 ；
The sixth slow wave blade is also in a right trapezoid shape, and the length of the upper bottom of the trapezoid is L 5 The width of the bevel edge is L 6 The outer radius of the slow wave blade is R 10 Satisfy R 8 >R 10 >R 9 ，L 5 And L 7 The value is generally 0.1 times of the working wavelength lambda;
the slow wave structure 305 is followed by a segment of inner radius R 3 Length of L 9 Drift section 306, the length L of drift section 306 9 Affecting the matching, L, between the slow wave structure 305 and the first extraction cavity 307 9 Typically 0.8 to 1 times the operating wavelength λ;
the drift section 306 is followed by a first extraction cavity 307, the first extraction cavity 307 is disc-shaped and has an outer radius R 11 Length of L 10 Satisfy R 11 >R 8 The outer radius and depth of the extraction cavity determine the microwave extraction effect of the first extraction cavity 307, and also influence the extraction effect of the second extraction cavity 308, and the depth is the outer radius R of the extraction cavity 11 And driftRadius of section R 3 A difference of (d);
the first extraction cavity 307 is followed by an inner radius R of the drift section 3 Length is L 11 Of a connecting ring connecting the two extraction chambers, of length L 11 Greatly influences the matching extraction effect of the first extraction cavity 307 and the second extraction cavity 308, and the length L is selected 11 Attention is paid to (L) 11 +L 10 ) Together 0.5 times the operating wavelength λ;
the second extraction cavity 308 is connected with the circular ring, the second extraction cavity 308 is disc-shaped, and the outer radius is R 12 Length of L 12 Satisfy R 11 >R 12 >R 8 The outer radius and depth of the extraction cavity determine the microwave extraction effect of the second extraction cavity 308, and also influence the extraction effect of the first extraction cavity 307, and the depth is the outer radius R of the extraction cavity 12 And inner radius R of drift section 3 A difference value of (a);
the parameters of the first extraction chamber 307, the parameters of the second extraction chamber 308 and the length L of the connecting ring between them 11 The length of the cavity is carefully selected and repeatedly calculated, otherwise, extraction failure is caused, and the output power after extraction failure is not as high as that of only one extraction cavity or even no extraction cavity;
the second extraction cavity 308 is followed by an inner radius R of the drift section 3 Length of L 13 The ring is the actual striking position of the electron beam, and a material which is corrosion-resistant and resists electron beam striking needs to be selected;
after the electron beam strikes the ring, a waveguide clamp ring 309 is arranged, and the radius R of the waveguide clamp ring 309 13 Length of L 14 The waveguide clamp ring 309 can prevent plasma generated by electron beam bombardment from diffusing to the output waveguide 310 section, which is beneficial to obtaining pure output microwave;
the rear-connected radius of the waveguide clamp ring 309 is the inner radius R of the drift section 3 And the right end of the output waveguide 310 is connected with a mode converter and an antenna.
The anode outer cylinder 302, the stop neck 303, the resonant reflection cavity 304, the slow wave structure 305, the drift section 306 and the first extraction cavity 307, the second extraction cavity 308, the waveguide clamp ring 309 and the output waveguide 310 are all made of stainless steel, the cathode 301 is made of graphite, and the solenoid magnetic field 311 is formed by winding copper wires.
This embodiment implements a C-band cerenkov oscillator (dimensioned accordingly: R) with a central frequency of 4.30GHz (corresponding to a microwave wavelength λ =7 cm) 1 ＝43mm，R 2 ＝80mm，R 3 ＝50mm，R 4 ＝61mm，R 5 ＝54mm，R 6 ＝54mm，R 7 ＝56mm，R 8 ＝64mm，R 9 ＝57mm，R 10 ＝58mm，R 11 ＝80mm，R 12 ＝73mm，R 13 ＝45mm；L 1 ＝21mm，L 2 ＝44mm，L 3 ＝31mm，L 4 ＝6mm，L 5 ＝6mm，L 6 ＝8mm，L 7 ＝6mm，L 8 ＝8mm，L 9 ＝56mm，L 10 ＝2mm，L 11 ＝1mm，L 12 ＝1.5mm，L 13 ＝10mm，L 14 =10 mm). In the particle simulation, under the conditions of diode voltage 676kV, current 12.9kA and guiding magnetic field 1.2T, microwave power 4.0GW is output, and power conversion efficiency is 45%. From the above results, the microwave output efficiency of the relativistic Cerenkov oscillator is improved, and the microwave output with higher efficiency of 45% is obtained under the magnetic field of 1.2T level.
Referring to fig. 3, it can be seen that the dual extraction cavity model adds another extraction cavity in place behind the slow wave structure compared to the single extraction cavity model.
Referring to fig. 4, it can be seen that the model using dual extraction chambers provides an increase in total SWS section power flow over the model using single extraction chambers, and that a single extraction chamber does not provide an increase in the first extraction chamber. The double-extraction-cavity model is favorable for optimizing the reflection condition in the cavity, and forcefully extracts microwaves for energy conversion.
Referring to fig. 5, it can be seen that the output microwave power of the model with the double extraction cavities is 0.8GW higher than that of the model with the single extraction cavity, and the saturation time is 4ns slower, i.e., the output microwave power can be better improved by the double extraction cavity structure, and the microwave operation is stable without pulse shortening.
Of course, in the preferred embodiment, other connection manners may be adopted among the stop neck 303, the resonant reflective cavity 304, the slow wave structure 305, the drift section 306, the first extraction cavity 307, the second extraction cavity 308, the waveguide clamp ring 309, and the output waveguide 310, and the device structure may also be processed by using other materials.
The present invention and the technical contents not specifically described in the above embodiments are the same as the prior art.
The above are only specific embodiments disclosed in the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and the scope of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a two C wave band Cerenkov oscillators that draw chamber in area which characterized in that: the C-band Cerenkov oscillator with the double extraction cavities comprises an oscillator cavity and a solenoid magnetic field arranged outside the oscillator cavity in a surrounding mode, wherein the oscillator cavity comprises an anode outer cylinder, a stop neck, a resonant reflection cavity, a slow wave structure, a drift section, a first extraction cavity, a second extraction cavity, a waveguide clamp ring and an output waveguide which are sequentially arranged; and a cathode is arranged in the anode outer cylinder.
2. The C-band cerenkov oscillator with dual extraction cavities of claim 1, wherein: the cathode is a thin-walled cylinder with a wall thickness of 2mm and an inner radius R 1 Equal to the radius of the electron beam, the outer cylinder of the anode has an inner radius of R 2 The metal housing of (2).
3. The C-band cerenkov oscillator with dual extraction cavities of claim 3, wherein: the stop neck is disc-shaped, and the inner radius is R 3 ，R 3 ＞R 1 Length of L 2 Length L between cutoff neck and cathode 1 Distance between cathode and anode, L 1 Greater than 2cm.
4. The C-band cerenkov oscillator with dual extraction cavities of claim 3, wherein: the resonant reflecting cavity is disc-shaped and has an inner radius R 3 And an outer radius R 4 Satisfy R 4 ＞R 3 Length L of 3 The value is 0.4-0.5 times of the working wavelength lambda.
5. The C-band Cerenkov oscillator with dual extraction cavities of claim 4, wherein: a distance L from the resonant reflection cavity 4 Is in slow wave structure, L 4 The value is 0.2 to 0.3 times of the working wavelength lambda; the slow wave structure is formed by arranging 6 trapezoidal slow wave blades, and the length of each two trapezoidal slow wave blades is L 7 All inner radii are R 3 The rings are connected, among the 6 trapezoidal slow wave blades, the first slow wave blade is in a right trapezoid shape, and the length of the upper bottom of the trapezoid is equal to that of the lower bottom of the trapezoid 5 The width of the bevel edge is L 6 The outer radius of the slow-wave blade is R 5 (ii) a The second, third and fifth slow wave blades are isosceles trapezoids, and the length of the upper base of the trapezoid is L 5 The width of the bevel edge is L 6 The outer radius of the slow-wave blade is R 6 、R 7 、R 9 Satisfy R 9 >R 7 >R 6 (ii) a The fourth trapezoidal slow wave blade has the length of L at the upper bottom 8 Satisfy L 8 >L 5 The width of the bevel edge is L 6 The outer radius of the slow wave blade is R 8 Satisfy R 8 >R 9 (ii) a The sixth slow wave blade is also in a right trapezoid shape, and the length of the upper bottom of the trapezoid is L 5 The width of the bevel edge is L 6 The outer radius of the slow wave blade is R 10 Satisfy R 8 >R 10 >R 9 ，L 5 And L 7 The value is 0.1 times the operating wavelength lambda.
6. The C-band cerenkov oscillator with dual extraction cavities of claim 5, wherein: the slow wave structure is followed by a section of inner radius R 3 Length of L 9 Drift section of L 9 Value takingFrom 0.8 to 1 times the operating wavelength lambda.
7. The C-band cerenkov oscillator with dual extraction cavities of claim 6, wherein: the drift section is connected with a first extraction cavity in a rear connection mode, the first extraction cavity is disc-shaped, and the outer radius of the first extraction cavity is R 11 Length of L 10 Satisfy R 11 >R 8 The depth of the first extraction cavity is the outer radius R of the first extraction cavity 11 And inner radius R of drift section 3 The difference of (a).
8. The C-band cerenkov oscillator with dual extraction cavities of claim 7, wherein: the first extraction cavity is followed by a drift section inner radius R 3 Length is L 11 Connecting rings connecting the two extraction chambers, length L 11 Is taken as value L 11 +L 10 Together 0.5 times the operating wavelength λ; a second extraction cavity is connected with the rear part of the circular ring, the second extraction cavity is disc-shaped, and the outer radius is R 12 Length of L 12 Satisfy R 11 >R 12 >R 8 The depth of the second extraction cavity is the outer radius R of the second extraction cavity 12 And inner radius R of drift section 3 The difference of (a).
9. The C-band cerenkov oscillator with dual extraction cavities of claim 8, wherein: the second extraction cavity is followed by a drift section inner radius R 3 Length of L 13 The electron beam strikes the circular ring, the back of the electron beam striking circular ring is connected with a waveguide snap ring, and the radius R of the waveguide snap ring 13 Length of L 14 The rear-connected radius of the waveguide snap ring is the inner radius R of the drift section 3 The output waveguide of (1).
10. The C-band cerenkov oscillator with dual extraction cavities according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: the anode outer cylinder, the stop neck, the resonant reflection cavity, the slow wave structure, the drift section and the first extraction cavity are all made of stainless steel, the second extraction cavity, the waveguide clamp ring and the output waveguide are made of graphite, and the solenoid magnetic field is formed by winding copper wires.
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2022
- 2022-12-03 CN CN202211532690.6A patent/CN115764516A/en active Pending
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