CN107946156A - Electronic collector of coaxial transit time oscillator capable of working in long pulse state - Google Patents
Electronic collector of coaxial transit time oscillator capable of working in long pulse state Download PDFInfo
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- CN107946156A CN107946156A CN201711260978.1A CN201711260978A CN107946156A CN 107946156 A CN107946156 A CN 107946156A CN 201711260978 A CN201711260978 A CN 201711260978A CN 107946156 A CN107946156 A CN 107946156A
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- electron
- electron collector
- collector
- time oscillator
- transit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
- H01J23/02—Electrodes; Magnetic control means; Screens
- H01J23/027—Collectors
Abstract
The invention relates to a coaxial transit time oscillator electronic collector capable of working in a long pulse state. According to the invention, the magnetic induction lines at the edge of the magnetic field of the solenoid are bent upwards, so that the electron collector structure with the inclined upwards electronic surface is collected, the current density at the collection position is reduced, the energy deposition is reduced, the plasma generated by reflection and scattering electrons is reduced, and secondary electrons return to the beam wave interaction region, thereby preventing the influence on the microwave output.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the microwave source device of High-Power Microwave technical field, is that can be used for Ku wave band transit-time oscillations
Device, is conducive to increase the electron collector of microwave pulse width, belongs to High-Power Microwave technical field.
Background technology
The application background of the present invention is repetition operation high-power microwave source.High-power microwave source is a kind of opposite using high current
By eigen mode interaction mechanism of the electron beam in vacuum high-frequency structure with high-frequency structure, the energy of high-power electron beam is converted
For the device of high-frequency electromagnetic wave energy, there is important application in military and industry.At present, the energy dose-effect of high-power pulsed ion beams
Rate is generally relatively low, and INTENSE RELATIVISTIC ELECTRON BEAM still has higher kinetic energy after portion of energy is surrendered by beam wave interaction,
The effect of beam catcher is to receive this part and the strong current electron beam after high-frequency electromagnetic field interactions.But electron beam
Collector can be deposited substantial amounts of thermal energy by the bombardment of high-velocity electrons during the work time, cause the temperature on collector to rise suddenly
Height, causes the desorption even material of material surface adsorbed gas to evaporate and vaporize in itself, and collects very high temperature thermal desorption
Vacuum environment can be not only polluted with material vaporization, is more likely to the generation for causing harmful plasma.For M type devices, anode etc.
A series of problems, such as gas ions can cause line collapse, moding and beam ripple synchronous condition are destroyed；For O-shaped device, receive
Collector plasma can not only absorb and microwave reflection, but also may enter influence microwave production in beam ripple active region along guide field
It is raw.Therefore, any measure for reducing collector heat load is all crucial in High-Power Microwave field, is particularly repeated in device
In frequency long-play, it is necessary to consider that line bombardment collector produces the heat dissipation problem of a large amount of thermal energy, heat in train of pulse
Amount is scattered.
Ku wave band electromagnetic waves refer to electromagnetic wave of the wave-length coverage between 16mm~25mm, and corresponding frequency range is
12GHz~18GHz.The wavelength of Ku wave bands has that spectral range is wide, wave beam is relatively narrow, along straight between light wave and conventional microwave
The characteristics of line propagation, all weather operations, small device size, have considerable in radar, remote sensing, radiation, communication, measurement etc.
Application potential and value.
Although Ku wave band electromagnetic waves have These characteristics, common Ku wave band devices are still defective.Microwave source is being collected
During strong current electron beam, since beam current density and energy are excessive, the reflection, scattering, secondary electron of electronics is easily caused to reflect and wait
The generation of gas ions, under the guiding of additional guide field, they cause output cavity electromagnetism it is also possible to be diffused into output cavity
The change of boundary condition, influences normal beam ripple interaction.And in Ku wave bands, since electron beam thickness, electronics collection surface etc. are joined
Several reductions, energy density of the electron beam deposition on collection surface will be further increased, it is easier to cause the unfavorable phenomenon of the above.Together
When, since the spatial jitter of the strong current electron beam applied to Ku wave bands needs to control in the range of smaller, required guide field
It is general higher.
Research reduces the current density at transit time device electron collector, increases pulsewidth, representative is state
The electron collector of the Ku wave bands of anti-University of Science and Technology's design【Make grinding for an ancient unit of weight a surname .Ku coaxial transit-time oscillators of wave band downfield
Study carefully [D] the National Universities of Defense Technology, 2014.】(the hereinafter referred to as prior art 1).This electron collector structure passes through one section of drift
The operating mode of pipe cut-off microwave is moved, by beveling at collection, increase electronics collects area, and increases the collection of Electron absorption chamber
Reflection, scattered electron and secondary electron emissions.Under conditions of guide field 0.7T, voltage 410kV, electric current 8kA, work(has been obtained
The Ku wave bands High-Power Microwave output of rate 1GW, frequency 14.2GHz, transfer efficiency 30%, microwave pulsewidth 26ns.But testing
Middle discovery, microwave source device extracts still diffuses a large amount of dust at chamber, and the phenomenon ended in advance still occurs in microwave.
From the foregoing, it will be observed that although current density can be reduced using the collector with inclined-plane, since Electron absorption face is oblique
Downward, so the electronics for still suffering from reflection, scattered electron and secondary emission returns to beam ripple interaction region, influence microwave
Output.At present, it is defeated on how to reduce electron reflection, scattering and secondary interference microwave using electron collector structure
The structure gone out, research is less, and that especially realizes the structure for reducing current density and electron scattering reflection at the same time can be used for Ku ripples
The technical solution of the electron collector of section transit-time oscillator is reported there has been no open.
The content of the invention
To solve the above problems, the present invention is special to propose that a kind of electronics available for the coaxial transit-time oscillator of Ku wave bands is received
Collector structure, overcomes conditional electronic collector current density big, energy deposition height and electron scattering, reflection, secondary
The problem of disturbing microwave output, strong current electron beam on the premise of microwave energy output is not influenced, efficiently bombarded receive in time
A large amount of thermal energy of collector inner surface deposition pass, and can effectively recycle electron beam.The present invention is by using helical
Pipe magnetic field edge magnetic induction line curving is upward so that the electron collector structure of electron surface obliquely is collected, so as to reduce receipts
Current density at collection, reduces energy deposition, reduces reflection, scattered electron, the plasma of generation, secondary electron returns to
Beam ripple interaction region, prevents from having an impact microwave output.
The technical scheme is that：
A kind of electron collector available for the coaxial transit-time oscillator of Ku wave bands, including electronics collect inclined-plane be adapted
Guide field；
The electron collector, can be applied to the coaxial transit-time oscillator of Ku wave bands, and this transit-time oscillator includes cathode
Seat 1, cathode 2, inner wire 3, outer conductor 4, inner wire 3 are located at 4 interior hollow section of outer conductor, and electron collector 5 is led positioned at interior
In body 3, the structure of whole coaxial transit-time oscillator is on central axis rotational symmetry, the left end connection pulse of cathode block 1
The inner wire of power source, cathode 2 are sleeved on 1 right end of cathode block, the outer conductor of the external pulse power supply of 4 left end of outer conductor；
Electron collector is in interior conductor, including drift section, collecting chamber, wherein, electronics drift segment length is about dri=
11mm, the electronics collecting chamber upper surface long s1=69mm of horizontal direction, high h1=5.5mm, collecting chamber lower surface is from apart from drift section
It is inclined upwardly at s2=34.5mm, high h2=3mm；
Guide field is produced by solenoid, and intensity is about 0.7T, and maximum field direction is bent upwards at electron collector,
Guiding electronics moves upwards.Solenoidal structure construction C1, C2, C3 as shown in figure 5, be made of, and C1 is Inside coil, outside C1
The portion left side and the symmetrical coiling C2 and C3 in the right,
This is respectively internal four layer line circles, the left side and the right add around in two section one away from beginning hub of a spool axial direction 13.7cm at
The coil of sample size, specific coiling parameter are：R1=10cm, R2=11.25cm, R3=15.4cm, L*=13.7cm, L0=
17.15cm, the coiling number of turn of innermost layer coil, i.e. C1 parts is 58 circles, 4 layers of coiling altogether, and C2, C3 part are close with C1 portion of electrical current
It is identical to spend size.
The present invention operation principle be：The relativistic electron beam and the resonator of coaxial transit-time oscillator that cathode produces
In TM01 patterns electromagnetic wave carry out beam wave interaction, produce High-Power Microwave radiate via output waveguide；
Electron beam then under the guiding in magnetic field, uniformly through beam ripple interaction region, moves obliquely upward at electron collector,
It is collected collected by the surface of pole.Compared with traditional electron collector structure, electron beam is when movement is bent upwards, electronics
Shu Houdu expands because of the reduction of axial magnetic field, and novel electron collector and the angle of electron beam contact area are small, mutually
The area of effect is big, simultaneously because collecting surface obliquely, therefore can also reduce reflection, scattered electron, plasma is secondary
Electronics returns to beam ripple interaction region, influences microwave transmission, therefore the electron collector structure of oblique mo(u)ld top half can reduce collection
Locate current density, reduce the influence for influencing microwave output material.
Compared with prior art, following technique effect can reach using the present invention：
1st, in the present invention at the collector of Ku wave band transit-time oscillators, electron beam is transported under being guided in magnetic field to oblique top
Dynamic, the direction of motion of the electron beam at collection surface reduces with collecting pole-face angle, can be effectively increased the mutual of line and collector
Active area, reduces current density；
2nd, in the present invention at the collector of Ku wave band transit-time oscillators, as field strength of the guide field in axial direction reduces,
The field strength increase of radial direction, electron beam thickness at collection increase, and the current strength on unit area reduces, and can effectively reduce electricity
Flow and collecting the deposition of the energy at pole-face；
3rd, the electron collector of Ku wave band transit-time oscillators contacts surface with electron beam obliquely in the present invention, with existing skill
Art is compared, and the material that reflection, scattered electron, plasma, secondary electron etc. influence microwave output can be reduced to beam ripple interaction
Area is spread, and adds the reliability of microwave long-pulse output；
4th, Ku wave band transit-time oscillators in the present invention, export microwave 0.83GW, microwave frequency 13.21GHz, efficiency
34.7%, device it is efficient, working frequency is pure.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is on the electron collector of Ku wave bands transit-time oscillator disclosed in the prior art 1 in background introduction
Structure diagram；
Fig. 2 is that the Ku wave bands transit-time oscillator of electron collector structure designed by the invention provided by the invention works
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is the Ku wave band transit-time oscillator forward sights of electron collector structure designed by the invention provided by the invention
Schematic cross-sectional view；
Fig. 4 is cuing open for the Ku wave band transit-time oscillators of electron collector structure designed by the invention provided by the invention
Depending on structure diagram；
Fig. 5 is solenoid structure schematic diagram provided by the invention；
Fig. 6 is the magnetic field schematic diagram that solenoid provided by the invention produces；
Fig. 7 is the mean power of the coaxial transit-time oscillator output of Ku wave bands under present invention design.
Embodiment
The attached drawing for forming the part of the application is used for providing a further understanding of the present invention, schematic reality of the invention
Apply example and its explanation is used to explain the present invention, do not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention；
Fig. 1 is the electron collector schematic diagram for the coaxial transit-time oscillator of Ku wave bands announced in the prior art 1.Electronics is in magnetic
Under the constraint of field, horizontal movement, is collected, although this collector employs inclined plane on electron collector surface diagonally downward
Increase electron beam and collect contact surface area, advantageously reduce electron current density, still, still suffer from largely scattering,
Reflection electronic, secondary emission electron are exported back to beam ripple interaction regional effect microwave；
Fig. 2 is the Ku wave band transit-time oscillators provided by the invention for including the electron collector structure that the present invention designs
Operating diagram, electron beam under guide field constraint, are modulated by buncher, then carried from 2 explosive emission of cathode
Take chamber that beam wave interaction occurs, produce microwave, microwave is launched from delivery outlet, and electron beam is then under introduction by magnetic field to oblique
Upper direction, is collected by electron collector 5；
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 is the Ku wave band transit-time oscillator forward sight section views for including the electron collector structure that the present invention designs
Structure diagram；
Fig. 6 is the guide field that solenoid produces, and at 10cm, guide field size declines from 0.7T, and here, electronics
Under changing magnetic field, move, collected by electron collector obliquely upward.
Further, the cathode block 1, inner wire 3, outer conductor 4 are stainless steel material, and cathode 2 uses graphite or copper,
Solenoid coil is formed using enamel covered wire circle coiling.
This preferred embodiment, which realizes, can be applied to centre frequency as 13.21GHz and still has height output efficiency Ku ripples
The electron collector of section transit-time oscillator.In particle simulation, using under 2.39GW injecting powers, delivery efficiency reaches
34.7%, frequency is 13.21GHz (corresponding microwave wavelength λ=2.2cm), and from the above results, the present invention overcomes usually cross
Current density is big at electron collector when more time oscillation device is operated in high band, and energy deposition is high, beam ripple interaction region microwave
The shortcomings that transmitting is affected, and the advantages of delivery efficiency is high can be taken into account at the same time, for design work in high band long pulse
Transit-time oscillator needed for use electron collector there is important reference.
Referring to Fig. 7, it is known that the average output of the Ku wave band transit-time oscillators of application electron collector structure of the present invention
Power is up to 0.83GW, delivery efficiency 34.7%.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and protection scope of the present invention is not limited merely to above-mentioned implementation
Example, all technical solutions belonged under thinking of the present invention belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Those skilled in the art will be clear that the scope of the present invention is not restricted to example discussed above, it is possible to it be carried out some
Change and change, the scope of the present invention limited without departing from the appended claims.Although oneself is through in the accompanying drawings and the description
The present invention is illustrated and described in detail, but such illustrate and describe only is explanation or schematical, and it is nonrestrictive.This hair
It is bright to be not limited to the disclosed embodiments.
Claims (2)
1. coaxial transit-time oscillator electron collector can be operated under long pulse state, including electron collector and guiding magnetic
, it is characterised in that cathode block (1), cathode (2), inner wire (3), outer conductor (4) are specifically included, inner wire (3) is located at leads outside
Body (4) interior hollow section, electron collector (5) are located in inner wire (3), and whole coaxial transit-time oscillator electronics is collected
The structure of pole is sleeved on the moon on central axis rotational symmetry, the inner wire of the left end connection pulse power supply of cathode block 1, cathode 2
1 right end of electrode seat, the outer conductor of the external pulse power supply of 4 left end of outer conductor；
Electron collector is in interior conductor, including drift section, collecting chamber, wherein, electron collector lower surface is inclined upwardly；
Guide field is produced by solenoid, and solenoid is made of C1, C2, C3, and C1 is Inside coil, the left side and the right outside C1
Symmetrical coiling C2 and C3.
2. according to claim 1 be operated under long pulse state coaxial transit-time oscillator electron collector, its
It is characterized in that, the coiling number of turn of the C1 parts is 58 circles, and 4 layers of coiling altogether, C2, C3 are identical with C1 current density sizes.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711260978.1A CN107946156A (en) | 2017-12-04 | 2017-12-04 | Electronic collector of coaxial transit time oscillator capable of working in long pulse state |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711260978.1A CN107946156A (en) | 2017-12-04 | 2017-12-04 | Electronic collector of coaxial transit time oscillator capable of working in long pulse state |
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| CN107946156A true CN107946156A (en) | 2018-04-20 |
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| CN201711260978.1A Pending CN107946156A (en) | 2017-12-04 | 2017-12-04 | Electronic collector of coaxial transit time oscillator capable of working in long pulse state |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110718425A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2020-01-21 | 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 | Coaxial high-frequency high-power microwave device |
| CN112382551A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-02-19 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Ka frequency band high-power microwave coaxial transit time oscillator adopting internal extraction |
| CN112769024A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-05-07 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | C-band relativistic Cerenkov oscillator with coaxial collector |
| CN114360842A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-15 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | Light periodic magnetic field coil applied to high-power microwave source |
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| US4553068A (en) * | 1983-10-26 | 1985-11-12 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | High power millimeter-wave source |
| CN103137399A (en) * | 2013-02-01 | 2013-06-05 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | Coaxial-extraction long-pulse relativistic backward-wave oscillator |
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| CN106449337A (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2017-02-22 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | Relativistic backward-wave oscillator with collector shaped as Chinese character chang |
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| US4553068A (en) * | 1983-10-26 | 1985-11-12 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | High power millimeter-wave source |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110718425A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2020-01-21 | 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 | Coaxial high-frequency high-power microwave device |
| CN110718425B (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2021-10-15 | 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 | Coaxial high-frequency high-power microwave device |
| CN112382551A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-02-19 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Ka frequency band high-power microwave coaxial transit time oscillator adopting internal extraction |
| CN112769024A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-05-07 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | C-band relativistic Cerenkov oscillator with coaxial collector |
| CN114360842A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-15 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | Light periodic magnetic field coil applied to high-power microwave source |
| CN114360842B (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-11-22 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | Light periodic magnetic field coil applied to high-power microwave source |
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