CN115739599A - Huller for processing camellia seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a huller for processing camellia seeds, which is characterized by comprising the following components: the supporting frame is arranged on the ground, a feeding hopper is arranged on one side of the upper end part of the supporting frame, and a discharging hopper is arranged on the other side of the upper end part of the supporting frame; a first-stage discharge hopper, a second-stage discharge hopper and a third-stage discharge hopper are sequentially arranged in the support frame from the feeding hopper to the discharging hopper; in addition, the upper end of the support frame is connected with an external protection device through bolts and nuts, and the external protection device is used for preventing the kernels of the camellia seeds from splashing outside the device; the driving machine is arranged at one end of the upper end face of the supporting frame; the shelling assembly is arranged on the support frame and comprises three areas, namely a heating area, a shell breaking area and a vibration area, wherein the heating area is arranged above the primary discharging hopper, the shell breaking area is arranged above the secondary discharging hopper, and the vibration area is arranged above the tertiary discharging hopper.

Description

Huller for processing camellia seeds

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural product processing, in particular to a huller for processing camellia seeds.

Background

The camellia seeds are used as crops and need to be subjected to shelling treatment in the processing process, the surface moisture is removed through airing in the conventional mechanical shelling mode, then the camellia seeds are collected and are extruded by a grinding wheel roller and a fixed sand strip, so that shells are crushed and separated from kernels, the kernels are easily damaged and crushed through the mechanical shelling mode, and meanwhile, the shelling efficiency of the camellia seeds can be reduced due to long airing time, and the subsequent processing and sale of the kernels are influenced.

Therefore, there is a need for a huller for processing camellia seeds to solve the above problems in the background art.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a huller for processing camellia seeds comprises:

the supporting frame is arranged on the ground, a feeding hopper is arranged on one side of the upper end part of the supporting frame, and a discharging hopper is arranged on the other side of the upper end part of the supporting frame;

a first-stage discharging hopper, a second-stage discharging hopper and a third-stage discharging hopper are sequentially arranged in the support frame from the feeding hopper to the discharging hopper;

in addition, the upper end of the support frame is connected with an external protection device through bolts and nuts, and the external protection device is used for preventing the kernels of the camellia seeds from splashing outside the device;

the driving machine is arranged at one end of the upper end face of the supporting frame; and

the shelling assembly is arranged on the support frame and comprises three regions, namely a heating region, a shell breaking region and a vibrating region, the heating region is arranged above the first-stage discharge hopper, the shell breaking region is arranged above the second-stage discharge hopper, and the vibrating region is arranged above the third-stage discharge hopper.

Preferably, the heating zone, the shell breaking zone and the vibration zone comprise a connecting shaft and a spiral conveying piece, the connecting shaft is fixed at the output end of the driving machine, the spiral conveying piece is fixed on the outer wall of the connecting shaft, and a spiral heating wire is arranged in the spiral conveying piece in the heating zone.

Preferably, the heating zone further comprises:

the outer wall of the primary separation barrel is fixed on the support frame above the primary discharge hopper, the inner wall of the primary separation barrel is rotatably arranged with the spiral conveying piece, and a plurality of primary separation holes are formed in the primary separation barrel; and

the heating pipes are distributed along the curve of the spiral conveying piece in the primary separating cylinder, the heating pipes are positioned on one side far away from the connecting shaft, each group of heating pipes are distributed in two and are mutually staggered, and the heating pipes are fixed on the spiral conveying piece and are communicated with the heating wires in the spiral conveying piece.

Preferably, the crust breaking region further comprises:

the outer wall of the secondary separation barrel is fixed on the support frame above the secondary discharge hopper, the inner wall of the secondary separation barrel is rotatably arranged with the spiral conveying piece, a plurality of secondary separation holes are formed in the secondary separation barrel, and the aperture of each secondary separation hole is larger than that of each primary separation hole; and

and a plurality of cutting components are distributed along the curve of the spiral conveying piece in the secondary separating cylinder and are positioned on one side far away from the connecting shaft.

Preferably, the cutting member includes:

the supporting plate is fixed on the spiral conveying piece;

a plurality of connecting plates which are arranged and are all linearly fixed on one side of the supporting plate away from the connecting shaft;

the hinged arm is rotatably arranged at one end of the connecting plate, which is far away from the feeding hopper;

the arc-shaped knife is fixed on the articulated arm, and the blade part of the arc-shaped knife is in a major arc shape; and

and the limiting springs are symmetrically arranged between the arc-shaped knife and the connecting plate.

Preferably, the vibration region further includes:

the outer wall of the third-stage separation cylinder is fixed on the support frame above the third-stage discharge hopper, the inner wall of the third-stage separation cylinder is rotatably arranged with the spiral conveying piece, and a plurality of rectangular holes are formed in the third-stage separation cylinder; and

and a plurality of swing components are distributed along the curve of the spiral conveying piece in the three-stage separation cylinder and are positioned on one side far away from the connecting shaft.

Preferably, the swing member includes:

the connecting rod is fixed on the spiral conveying piece;

one end of the poking piece is rotatably arranged on the connecting rod, and the other end of the poking piece penetrates through the rectangular hole; and

and the torsion spring is circumferentially arranged between the poking piece and the connecting rod.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the camellia seed separating device, the spiral conveying piece drives the heating pipes to rotate spirally, the heating pipes can heat the camellia seed shells, and meanwhile, the two heating pipes which are distributed in a staggered mode can stir and flatten camellia seeds, so that the camellia seeds can be heated fully and water can be dissipated rapidly, and the shells and kernels can be separated easily.

According to the invention, when the stirring piece impacts the third-stage separating cylinder to generate vibration and drives the second-stage separating cylinder to synchronously vibrate, the arc-shaped knife is driven to swing, so that the camellia seeds clamped at the knife edge part of the arc-shaped knife can synchronously swing along with the arc-shaped knife, in the swinging process, the camellia seed shell can collide with the second-stage separating cylinder, and the camellia seed shell clamped at the knife edge part of the arc-shaped knife is split into two halves, so that the camellia seeds are prevented from occupying a cutting position, the cutting efficiency is improved, and the shelling rate is further improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a huller for processing camellia seeds;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the hulling assembly of a huller for processing camellia seeds;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a huller for processing camellia seeds at A;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing swing parts of a huller for processing camellia seeds;

in the figure: 1. a support frame; 11. feeding into a hopper; 12. discharging the shell from a hopper; 13. a first-stage discharging hopper; 14. a secondary discharging hopper; 15. a third-stage discharge hopper; 2. a driver; 31. a heating zone; 32. a crust breaking zone; 33. a vibration region; 34. a connecting shaft; 35. a screw conveyor; 311. a primary separation cylinder; 312. heating a tube; 321. a secondary separation cylinder; 3221. a support plate; 3222. a connecting plate; 3223. an articulated arm; 3224. an arc-shaped knife; 331. a third stage separation cylinder; 332. a swinging member; 3321. a connecting rod; 3322. a toggle member; 3323. a torsion spring.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, in the present embodiment, a huller for processing camellia seeds includes:

the device comprises a support frame 1, a shell discharging hopper 12 and a shell discharging hopper 11, wherein the support frame 1 is arranged on the ground, and one side of the upper end part of the support frame 1 is provided with the shell discharging hopper 11;

a primary discharging hopper 13, a secondary discharging hopper 14 and a tertiary discharging hopper 15 are further arranged in the support frame 1 in sequence from the feeding hopper 11 to the discharging hopper 12;

in addition, the upper end of the support frame 1 is connected with an external protection device through bolts and nuts, and the external protection device is used for preventing the kernels of the camellia seeds from splashing outside the device, so that waste and pollution are avoided;

the driving machine 2 is arranged at one end of the upper end face of the support frame 1; and

the shelling assembly is arranged on the support frame 1 and is configured into three regions, namely a heating region 31, a shelling region 32 and a vibrating region 33, the heating region 31 is arranged above the first-stage discharging hopper 13, the shelling region 32 is arranged above the second-stage discharging hopper 14, and the vibrating region 33 is arranged above the third-stage discharging hopper 15;

it should be explained that: the heating area 31 can heat the hulls of the camellia seeds, the moisture of the hulls of the camellia seeds is reduced, so that the hulls of the camellia seeds become crisp and are easier to shell, the camellia seeds with smaller particle sizes are heated and fried, the hull breaking area 32 is used for shelling the camellia seeds with larger particle sizes, the hulls with smaller density can be directly cut into two halves, the vibration area 33 is used for vibrating the hulls of the rapes after shelling, residual kernels in the hulls are separated, and the hulls with larger density in the hull breaking area 32 are vibrated and broken at the same time, so that the camellia seeds are completely shelled finally.

In this embodiment, the heating zone 31, the shell breaking zone 32 and the vibration zone 33 each include a connecting shaft 34 and a conveying screw 35, the connecting shaft 34 is fixed at the output end of the driving machine 2, the conveying screw 35 is fixed on the outer wall of the connecting shaft 34, and a spiral heating wire is disposed in the conveying screw 35 in the heating zone 31.

As a preferred embodiment, the heating zone 31 further comprises:

the outer wall of the primary separating cylinder 311 is fixed on the support frame 1 above the primary discharging hopper 13, the inner wall of the primary separating cylinder 311 is rotatably arranged with the spiral conveying piece 35, and a plurality of primary separating holes are formed in the primary separating cylinder 311; and

the heating pipes 312 are distributed along the curve of the spiral conveying element 35 in the primary separating cylinder 311, the heating pipes 312 are located at one side far away from the connecting shaft 34, each heating pipe 312 is configured into two and mutually staggered, and the heating pipes 312 are fixed on the spiral conveying element 35 and communicated with the heating wires therein.

It should be explained that: the spiral conveying piece 35 drives the heating pipes 312 to rotate spirally, and when the heating pipes 312 heat the shells of the camellia seeds, the two heating pipes 312 which are distributed in a staggered mode can stir and flatten the camellia seeds, so that the camellia seeds can be heated fully, moisture can be dissipated rapidly, and the shells and kernels can be separated easily.

It is also to be explained that: the camellia seeds are heated to reduce the moisture of the shells of the camellia seeds, so that the shells of the camellia seeds become brittle and are more convenient to shell, the camellia seeds with smaller particle sizes bear small heat energy due to small thickness of the shells in the heating process, the internal energy of the camellia seeds is increased and the camellia seeds can be directly fried, nuts can fall into the primary discharging hopper 13 through the primary separating holes, and other camellia seeds with larger particle sizes cannot be directly fried due to the fact that the shells are thicker and are not easy to heat, so that the camellia seeds can enter the shell breaking area 32.

As a preferred embodiment, the crust breaking zone 32 further comprises:

the outer wall of the secondary separating cylinder 321 is fixed on the supporting frame 1 above the secondary discharging hopper 14, the inner wall of the secondary separating cylinder 321 is rotatably arranged with the spiral conveying piece 35, a plurality of secondary separating holes are formed on the secondary separating cylinder 321, and the aperture of each secondary separating hole is larger than that of each primary separating hole and is used for filtering camellia seed kernels with larger particle size; and

the cutting components are distributed along the curve of the spiral conveying element 35 in the secondary separating cylinder 321, and are all positioned on one side far away from the connecting shaft 34.

As a preferred embodiment, the cutting member comprises:

a support plate 3221 fixed to the conveying screw 35;

a plurality of connection plates 3222, each of which is linearly fixed to the support plate 3221 on a side away from the connection shaft 34;

the articulated arm 3223 is articulated at one end of the connecting plate 3222 away from the feeding hopper 11;

the arc-shaped knife 3224 is fixed on the hinge arm 3223, and the blade part of the arc-shaped knife 3224 is in a major arc shape, so that more camellia seeds can be contacted, and the cutting rate can be increased; and

the limiting springs 3225 are symmetrically disposed between the arc-shaped knives 3224 and the connecting plate 3222, and it should be noted that, under the action of the limiting springs 3225, the arc-shaped knives 3224 and the supporting plate 3221 are obliquely disposed, and the oblique direction is the opposite direction to the movement of the camellia seeds, and meanwhile, the minimum vertical distance between the cutting part of the arc-shaped knives 3224 and one end of the screw conveying member 35 away from the connecting shaft 34 is smaller than the minimum particle size of the camellia seeds entering the hull breaking region 32, so that the camellia seeds can fully contact with the arc-shaped knives 3224, and the camellia seed hulls with larger particle sizes can be cut conveniently.

It should be explained that: auger delivery piece 35 drives backup pad 3221 spiral rotation under the drive of driving machine 2 to drive arc sword 3224 and rotate, and then can carry out radial cutting to the tea-oil camellia seed of advancing axially, simultaneously at the cutting in-process, under spacing spring 3225 effect, arc sword 3224 can swing around articulated arm 3223, that is to say, when the tea-oil camellia seed contacts arc sword 3224, high-speed pivoted arc sword 3224 can cut the tea-oil camellia seed shell, produce the opening, the less shell of some density can explode into two halves in the twinkling of an eye owing to being heated internal energy difference, accomplish partial shelling.

However, it should be noted that some shells of camellia seeds with higher density are easily stuck at the blade part of the curved knife 3224 during cutting, and occupy the cutting position, thereby reducing the cutting efficiency.

Therefore, as a preferred embodiment, the vibration region 33 further includes:

the outer wall of the third-stage separation cylinder 331 is fixed on the support frame 1 above the third-stage discharge hopper 15, the inner wall of the third-stage separation cylinder 331 is rotatably arranged with the spiral conveying piece 35, a plurality of rectangular holes are formed in the third-stage separation cylinder 331, and the width of each rectangular hole is equal to that of the corresponding second-stage separation hole; and

the swing members 332 are distributed along the curve of the spiral conveying member 35 in the third-stage separation cylinder 331, and are all located on one side far away from the connecting shaft 34.

As a preferred embodiment, the swing member 332 includes:

a connecting rod 3321 fixed to the screw conveyor 35;

a toggle piece 3322, one end of which is rotatably arranged on the connecting rod 3321 and the other end of which passes through the rectangular hole; and

and the torsion spring 3323 is circumferentially arranged between the toggle piece 3322 and the connecting rod 3321.

It should be explained that: the spiral conveying element 35 rotates to drive the connecting rod 3321 to synchronously rotate, and under the action of the torsion spring 3323, the stirring element 3322 in the rectangular hole can impact the three-stage separation cylinder 331 and generate vibration, so that kernels entering the vibration area 33 and attached in the shell can escape from the shell through the vibration effect and enter the three-stage discharge hopper 15, and complete shelling is realized.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the first-stage separation cylinder 311, the second-stage separation cylinder 321, and the third-stage separation cylinder 331 are fixed in sequence.

That is to say, shake and drive the synchronous vibrations of second grade cylinder 321 that produces when dialling the piece 3322 and striking tertiary cylinder 331, thereby drive arc sword 3224 and swing under spacing spring 3225 concertina action, and then the tea-oil camellia seed of card at arc sword 3224 cutting edge portion can be along with the synchronous swing of arc sword 3224, at the swing in-process, the tea-oil camellia seed shell can produce the collision with second grade cylinder 321 inner wall, the tea-oil camellia seed shell of card at arc sword 3224 cutting edge portion is split into two halves, consequently, avoided the tea-oil camellia seed to occupy the cutting position, the cutting efficiency has been improved, thereby improve the shelling rate.

Specifically, in the implementation, the driving machine 2 is started, the unshelled camellia seeds are conveyed from the feeding hopper 11 to the heating zone 31 by the external conveying device, the camellia seeds are heated to reduce the moisture of the hulls of the camellia seeds, so that the hulls of the camellia seeds become brittle and are convenient to unshell, in the heating process, the camellia seeds with small particle sizes bear small heat energy due to small thickness of the hulls, the internal energy in the camellia seeds is increased so as to be directly exploded, the rest camellia seeds with large particle sizes enter the hull breaking zone 32, in the hull breaking zone 32, the arc-shaped knife 3224 rotating at high speed cuts the hulls of the camellia seeds and generates gaps, and some hulls with small density are instantaneously exploded into two halves due to the internal energy difference in heating so as to complete partial unshelling, the integrity of the kernels is ensured, the hulls with large density still need to be assisted to break under the vibration action, in detail, in the vibration zone 33, under the action of the torsion spring 3323, the poking part 3322 in the rectangular hole can impact the third-stage separation cylinder 331 and generate vibration, so that kernels which enter the vibration area 33 and are attached to the outer shell can escape from the shell through vibration to enter the third-stage discharge hopper 15, complete shelling is realized, the shelling rate is improved, meanwhile, when the poking part 3322 impacts the third-stage separation cylinder 331 and generate vibration to drive the second-stage separation cylinder 321 to synchronously vibrate, the arc-shaped knife 3224 is driven to swing under the telescopic action of the limiting spring 3225, and camellia seeds clamped at the blade part of the arc-shaped knife 3224 can synchronously swing along with the arc-shaped knife 3224, in the swinging process, the outer shell of the camellia seeds can collide with the inner wall of the second-stage separation cylinder 321, the outer shell of the camellia seeds clamped at the blade part of the arc-shaped knife 3224 is split into two parts, so that the cutting position of the camellia seeds is avoided, the cutting efficiency is improved, and the shelling rate is improved.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention are equivalent to or changed within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A huller for processing camellia seeds, comprising:

the device comprises a support frame (1) arranged on the ground, wherein a feeding hopper (11) is arranged on one side of the upper end of the support frame (1), and a shell discharging hopper (12) is arranged on the other side of the upper end of the support frame;

a primary discharging hopper (13), a secondary discharging hopper (14) and a tertiary discharging hopper (15) are further arranged in the support frame (1) in sequence from the feeding hopper (11) to the discharging hopper (12);

in addition, the upper end of the support frame (1) is connected with an external protection device by bolts and nuts, and the external protection device is used for preventing the kernels of the camellia seeds from splashing outside the device;

the driving machine (2) is arranged at one end of the upper end face of the support frame (1); and

the shelling assembly is arranged on the support frame (1), the shelling assembly consists of three regions, namely a heating region (31), a shelling region (32) and a vibrating region (33), the heating region (31) is arranged above the primary discharging hopper (13), the shelling region (32) is arranged above the secondary discharging hopper (14), and the vibrating region (33) is arranged above the tertiary discharging hopper (15).

2. The huller for processing camellia seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heating zone (31), the hulling zone (32) and the vibrating zone (33) each comprise a connecting shaft (34) and a screw conveyor (35), the connecting shaft (34) is fixed at the output end of the driving machine (2), the screw conveyor (35) is fixed on the outer wall of the connecting shaft (34), and a spiral heating wire is arranged in the screw conveyor (35) in the heating zone (31).

3. The huller for camellia seed processing as claimed in claim 2, wherein the heating zone (31) further comprises:

the outer wall of the primary separation barrel (311) is fixed on the support frame (1) above the primary discharge hopper (13), the inner wall of the primary separation barrel is rotatably arranged with the spiral conveying piece (35), and a plurality of primary separation holes are formed in the primary separation barrel (311); and

the heating pipes (312) are distributed along the curve of the spiral conveying piece (35) in the primary separating cylinder (311) in multiple groups, the multiple groups of heating pipes (312) are located on one side far away from the connecting shaft (34), each group of heating pipes are distributed in two and are distributed in a mutually staggered mode, and the heating pipes (312) are fixed on the spiral conveying piece (35) and are communicated with the heating wires in the spiral conveying piece.

4. The huller for camellia seed processing as claimed in claim 2, wherein the hulling section (32) further comprises:

the outer wall of the secondary separation barrel (321) is fixed on the support frame (1) above the secondary discharge hopper (14), the inner wall of the secondary separation barrel is rotatably arranged with the spiral conveying piece (35), a plurality of secondary separation holes are formed in the secondary separation barrel (321), and the aperture of each secondary separation hole is larger than that of the primary separation hole; and

and a plurality of cutting components are distributed along the curve of the spiral conveying piece (35) in the secondary separating cylinder (321), and are positioned on one side far away from the connecting shaft (34).

5. The huller for camellia seed processing as claimed in claim 4, wherein the cutting means comprises:

a support plate (3221) fixed to the screw conveyor (35);

a plurality of connecting plates (3222) which are linearly fixed on one side of the supporting plate (3221) far away from the connecting shaft (34);

the hinge arm (3223) is rotatably arranged at one end, far away from the feeding hopper (11), of the connecting plate (3222);

the arc-shaped knife (3224) is fixed on the hinged arm (3223), and the blade part of the arc-shaped knife (3224) is in a major arc shape; and

and the limiting springs (3225) are symmetrically arranged between the arc-shaped knife (3224) and the connecting plate (3222).

6. The dehuller for camellia seed processing according to claim 2, wherein the vibration section (33) further comprises:

the outer wall of the third-stage separation cylinder (331) is fixed on the support frame (1) above the third-stage discharge hopper (15), the inner wall of the third-stage separation cylinder is rotatably arranged with the spiral conveying piece (35), and a plurality of rectangular holes are formed in the third-stage separation cylinder (331); and

a plurality of swing components (332) are distributed along the curve of the spiral conveying piece (35) in the three-stage separation cylinder (331) and are positioned on one side far away from the connecting shaft (34).

7. The huller for processing of camellia seeds as claimed in claim 6, wherein the swing member (332) comprises:

a connecting rod (3321) fixed to the screw conveyor (35);

one end of the poking piece (3322) is rotatably arranged on the connecting rod (3321), and the other end of the poking piece penetrates through the rectangular hole; and

and the torsion spring (3323) is circumferentially arranged between the poking piece (3322) and the connecting rod (3321).

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