CN115735468A - Method for roughening and greening smooth rocky slope - Google Patents
Method for roughening and greening smooth rocky slope Download PDFInfo
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- CN115735468A CN115735468A CN202211479816.8A CN202211479816A CN115735468A CN 115735468 A CN115735468 A CN 115735468A CN 202211479816 A CN202211479816 A CN 202211479816A CN 115735468 A CN115735468 A CN 115735468A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005536 corrosion prevention Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 8
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 6
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002421 anti-septic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 3
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- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001464837 Viridiplantae Species 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/23—Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation
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- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for roughening and greening a smooth rocky slope, and relates to the technical field of ecological restoration. The invention comprises the following steps: s1: treatment of slope engineering: carrying out engineering treatment on an unstable slope section which is likely to have collapse and landslide; s2: cleaning dangerous rocks; s3: roughening the slope surface: installing plant-growing barrier strips on the slope surface according to a set interval; s4: laying a hanging net: laying a hanging net on the plant-growing barrier strip; s5: spray seeding seedling substrate: and spraying a seedling culture substrate to the net hanging coverage area. According to the method, the vegetation retaining strips are arranged on the slope surface according to the set intervals, so that the slope roughness is effectively improved and the adhesiveness of the spray-seeding base material is improved on the premise of not carrying out large-scale rock mass excavation and rock wall grooving, the applicability of the traditional net hanging and spray-seeding process for greening the slope surface of the high-steep rocky slope is further enlarged, the greening construction difficulty of the smooth slope surface of the high-steep rocky slope is reduced, the greening effect of the slope is improved, and the construction cost is saved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological restoration, and particularly relates to a method for roughening and greening a smooth rocky slope.
Background
China is a large mineral country, and the long-term open-pit mining provides powerful resource guarantee for the national economic development, but also produces large-area exposed mining slopes. Meanwhile, the problems of slope cutting and excavation in mountain road construction and other construction projects are relatively extensive. High and steep slopes are formed after the side slopes are excavated, the side slopes have different degrees of hidden dangers of geological disasters and damage problems of vegetation, and the large-area exposed artificial slopes also damage landforms and ecological landscapes.
For high and steep rocky slopes, the traditional construction methods include the following two types: one type is rigid slope surface protection, namely, masonry mortar rubble facing walls, net hanging and concrete spraying or net hanging and the like are built on the rock slope surface to seal and protect the slope surface. Although the mode can achieve the effect of slope protection and prevent water and soil loss, the construction period is long, and vegetation can not be recovered and the environment can not be beautified. The other type is flexible slope protection, namely climbing plants, stretching net grass planting, geocell grass planting, plant growing bag grass planting and the like are planted on the rock slope. The mode can achieve the effect of slope protection and beautify the environment, but the construction growth cycle is long, especially before the vegetation in the early stage does not grow out, the mode cannot play the effects of protecting and stabilizing the slope, cannot achieve the effect of stabilizing the slope in a short period, and is easy to cause water and soil loss. Meanwhile, the slope fixing component is made of a flexible geotextile compound, so that the slope fixing effect is poor, the root system of the herbaceous plant is short, species diversification cannot be formed in a short period, and natural succession of plant communities is difficult to form.
Therefore, for the high and steep rocky slope, ecological restoration is performed by combining net hanging and spray seeding, and rapid slope greening can be realized. However, for the side slope formed by huge thick layered and blocky rock masses and the side slope excavated along the stratum layer surface or the joint surface, the slope surface is smooth, the construction difficulty of the existing mode of combining the net hanging and the spray seeding is high, the adhesion of the spray seeding base material is poor, the side slope is still easy to slip under the rain washing, and the repairing effect is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for roughening and regreening a smooth rocky slope, which effectively improves the roughness of the slope, improves the adhesiveness of spray-seeding base materials and improves the water retention property of the slope regreening base materials and the adhesiveness of slope vegetation to a certain extent by installing plant-growing barrier strips on the slope at a set interval on the premise of not carrying out large-scale rock excavation and rock wall grooving, and solves the problems that the existing ecological restoration method combining net hanging and spray seeding is adopted for the slope with a smooth slope, the construction difficulty is high, the adhesiveness of the spray-seeding base materials is poor, the slope is easy to slip under the rain wash, and the restoration effect is poor.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a method for roughening and greening a smooth rocky slope, which comprises the following steps: s1: treatment of slope engineering: and (4) analyzing the stability of the side slope according to the physical and mechanical properties of the rock mass of the side slope and the development condition of the structural plane, and performing engineering treatment on an unstable slope section which may have collapse and landslide. S2: cleaning dangerous rocks: and (4) carrying out dangerous rock cleaning on the slope surface of the side slope. S3: roughening the slope surface: and (4) installing plant-growing barrier strips on the slope surface according to a set interval. S4: laying a hanging net: and laying a hanging net on the plant growth barrier strip. S5: spray seeding seedling substrate: spraying a seedling substrate to the net hanging coverage area; s6: spraying and seeding a seed layer: and spraying a seed layer on the seedling substrate.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, in S2, dangerous rock cleaning is performed on the premise of ensuring slope stability and not being threatened by collapse and landslide geological disasters, and stable bulges, pits and micro-platforms on the slope surface are properly reserved, that is, the roughness of the slope surface is reserved, so that vegetation attachment is facilitated.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in S3, the plant-growing barrier strips are made of battens and/or flexible ecological bars, the battens are generally disposed on a flat slope, and the flexible ecological bars are generally disposed on an undulating or turning slope, or are disposed in a manner of crossing the battens on the flat slope, so as to effectively prevent green plants from slipping.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the specification of the wood strip adopts 30mm multiplied by 30 mm-80 mm multiplied by 80mm, and antiseptic treatment is carried out.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the flexible ecological rod is processed by double-sided ironing needle-punched non-woven fabrics made of polypropylene (pp) or polyester fiber (PET), and is filled with plant growth base materials and fertilizers.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the diameter of the flexible ecological rod is 50-100 mm.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the arrangement distance of the plant growth barrier strips is 200-500 mm.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the plant growth barrier strips are fixed on the slope surface by steel nails or anchor rods which are subjected to antiseptic treatment.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in S4, the hanging net is a single-layer wire mesh or a double-layer wire mesh.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in S5, the thickness of the spray seeding and seedling raising substrate covering the plant growth barrier is not less than 20mm.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the vegetation barrier strips are arranged on the slope surface at a set interval, so that the roughness of the slope surface is effectively improved, the adhesiveness of the spray-seeding base material is improved, the water retention property of the slope surface greening base material and the adhesiveness of slope surface vegetation are improved to a certain extent, the applicability of the traditional net hanging and spray-seeding process for greening the slope surface of the high-steep rocky slope is further enlarged, the difficulty of greening construction of the high-steep rocky smooth slope surface is reduced, the effect of greening the slope surface is improved, and the construction cost is saved.
Of course, it is not necessary for any product in which the invention is practiced to achieve all of the above-described advantages at the same time.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the steps of the method for roughening and greening a smooth rocky slope according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the slope surface with roughening and greening effects;
FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of the slope surface roughening and greening according to the present invention;
in the drawings, the reference numbers indicate the following list of parts:
1-plant growth barrier strip, 101-wood strip, 102-flexible ecological rod, 2-anchoring piece, 3-net hanging, 4-seedling raising base material and 5-seed layer.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "opening," "upper," "lower," "thickness," "top," "middle," "length," "inner," "peripheral," and the like are used in an orientation or positional relationship that is merely for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced component or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be considered as limiting the present invention.
Example one
The embodiment provides a method for roughening and regreening a smooth rocky slope, which effectively improves the roughness of the slope and the adhesiveness of a spray-seeding base material on the premise of not excavating large-scale rock masses and grooving rock walls, and improves the water retention property of the slope regreening base material and the adhesiveness of slope vegetation to a certain extent, thereby expanding the applicability of the traditional net hanging and spray-seeding process for regreening the steep rocky slope, reducing the difficulty of regreening construction of the steep rocky smooth slope, improving the slope regreening effect and saving the construction cost, and as shown in fig. 1, the method comprises the following steps:
s1: treatment of slope engineering: the method is characterized in that slope stability analysis is carried out according to the physical and mechanical properties of the rock mass of the slope and the development condition of the structural plane, and the unstable slope section which is possible to collapse and slide is subjected to engineering treatment, wherein the engineering treatment mainly comprises retaining walls, anti-skidding piles, slope cutting, back pressure filling, slope protection, slope fixing engineering and the like.
S2: cleaning dangerous rocks: on the premise of ensuring the stability of the side slope and not being threatened by collapse and landslide geological disasters, tools such as a portable rock chiseling crow bar are adopted to carry out systematic dangerous rock cleaning on specified loose rock blocks and rock surfaces with vertical cracks. And properly keep stable bulges, pits and micro-platforms on the slope surface, namely keeping the roughness of the slope surface, and facilitating the attachment of vegetation.
S3: roughening the slope surface: referring to fig. 2 and 3, plant-growing bars 1 are installed at predetermined intervals on a slope section to be spray-sowed and re-greened. The plant-growing shelves 1 adopt battens 101 and/or flexible ecological rods 102, the battens 101 are generally arranged on a flat slope surface, the flexible ecological rods 102 are generally arranged on a fluctuating or turning slope surface or are arranged in a manner of crossing the battens 101 on the flat slope surface, and the arrangement distance of the plant-growing shelves 1 is 200-500 mm.
S4: laying a hanging net 3: referring to fig. 2 and 3, a hanging net 3 is laid on the plant-growing barrier 1, and the hanging net 3 is a single-layer wire mesh or a double-layer wire mesh, preferably 50mm × 50mm (mesh) × 5.5mm (wire diameter). The main function of the hanging net 3 is to enhance the strength of the revetment and form a reinforced vegetation mixture. The installation method is that firstly, an anchoring piece 2 is nailed on the slope surface, then a hanging net 3 is fastened on the anchoring piece 2 by using binding wires, and the anchoring piece 2 adopts a steel nail or an anchor rod which is subjected to antiseptic treatment.
S5: spray seeding seedling substrate 4: referring to fig. 2 and 3, a seedling substrate 4 is sprayed to a coverage area of a net 3, the seedling substrate 4 is artificial soil, and has rain wash resistance, long-term effectiveness of nutrients required by plants needs to be ensured, and nutrient depletion phenomenon does not occur before a slope surface forms a healthy and stable vegetation community, and as a preferred formula, the seedling substrate 4 comprises the following components: water, nutrient soil, peat soil, rice straw scraps, sawmilling powder, organic fertilizer and shrub and arbor additives. The seedling substrate 4 is sprayed and sowed by a concrete sprayer, the slope is sprayed with water to be wet before spraying, and the spraying is preferably carried out from top to bottom for the convenience of construction safety and operation. Spraying is carried out from the front side during spraying and spraying is carried out according to the distance and the angle between the spraying process and the slope. The seedling substrate 4 should be in close contact with the roughened wood strips 101 or ecological sticks without leaving voids and depressions. After the spray seeding is finished, the thickness of the seedling substrate 4 covering the plant growth stop 1 is not smaller than 20mm.
S6: spraying and seeding the seed layer 5: referring to fig. 2 and 3, a seed layer 5 is sprayed on the seedling substrate 4. The seeds are mixed in the artificial soil, and the spraying and planting process is the same as that of the artificial soil. As a preferred scheme, plant seeds need to be selected according to climatic conditions and geological conditions, stress resistance and varieties suitable for local growth are mainly considered, and shrub and arbor trees which are suitable for local climate, easy to grow, developed in root systems and strong in soil fixing and slope protection capacity are selected.
Example two
Based on the first embodiment, the second embodiment is different in that:
the arrangement positions of the roughened wood bars 101 or the flexible ecological bars 102 are suitable for fully building a space close to the natural mountain vegetation root growth by means of the favorable terrain of the slope surface in natural fluctuation, so that the purposes of covering surface greening, improving the plant growth condition and promoting the slope surface greening effect by point greening are achieved.
The cross section of the batten 101 is 30mm multiplied by 30mm to 80mm multiplied by 80mm, the steeper the gradient is, the larger the adopted specification is, and the length of the batten 101 can be cut according to the specific installation position of the slope. The wood strip 101 should be treated with an anti-corrosive treatment, such as spraying an anti-corrosive paint on the surface thereof.
The flexible ecological rod 102 is made of double-sided ironing needle-punched non-woven fabric made of polypropylene (pp) or polyester fiber (PET) which is ultraviolet resistant, ageing resistant, corrosion resistant and biodegradable, and is filled with plant growth base materials and fertilizers. In addition, the diameter of the flexible ecological rod 102 is preferably 50-100 mm.
The batten 101 or the flexible ecological bar 102 is also fixed on the slope surface by using an anchoring member 2 such as a steel nail or an anchor rod which is subjected to antiseptic treatment.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A method for roughening and regreening a smooth rocky slope is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: treatment of slope engineering: analyzing the stability of the side slope according to the physical and mechanical properties of the rock mass of the side slope and the development condition of the structural plane, and performing engineering treatment on an unstable slope section which may have collapse and landslide;
s2: cleaning dangerous rocks: carrying out dangerous rock cleaning on the slope surface of the side slope;
s3: roughening the slope surface: installing plant-growing barrier strips (1) on the slope surface according to a set interval;
s4: laying a hanging net (3): a hanging net is laid on the plant-growing barrier strip (1);
s5: spray seeding seedling substrate (4): spraying a seedling substrate to the net hanging coverage area;
s6: spray-seeding seed layer (5): and spraying a seed layer on the seedling substrate.
2. The method for roughening and regreening a smooth rocky slope according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the cleaning of the dangerous rocks is performed on the premise of ensuring the slope to be stable and not threatened by geological disasters such as collapse and landslide, and stable bulges, pits and micro-platforms on the slope are properly reserved.
3. The method for roughening and regreening a smooth rocky slope according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the vegetation barrier (1) is a wood strip (101) and/or a flexible ecological rod (102).
4. A method for roughening and regreening a smooth rocky slope according to claim 3, wherein the wood strips (101) are 30mm x 30mm to 80mm x 80mm in size and are subjected to corrosion protection treatment.
5. A method for roughening and reviving a smooth rocky slope according to claim 3, wherein the flexible ecological rod (102) is made of a double-sided ironed needle-punched non-woven fabric made of polypropylene (pp) or polyester fiber (PET), and contains a plant growth substrate and fertilizer.
6. The method for roughening and regreening a smooth rocky slope according to claim 5, wherein the diameter of the flexible ecological rod (102) is 50-100 mm.
7. The method for roughening and regreening a smooth rocky slope according to claim 3, wherein the arrangement interval of the vegetation barrier strips (1) is 200-500 mm.
8. A method for roughening and regreening a smooth rocky slope according to claim 7, wherein the vegetation barrier (1) is fixed on the slope by an anchor (2) which is treated with corrosion prevention.
9. The method for roughening and regreening smooth rock slopes as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S4, the net (3) is a single layer of wire or a double layer of wire.
10. The method for roughening and regreening a smooth rocky slope according to claim 1, wherein in step S5, the thickness of the spray seeding seedling substrate (4) covered on the plant growth barrier (1) is not less than 20mm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211479816.8A CN115735468A (en) | 2022-11-24 | 2022-11-24 | Method for roughening and greening smooth rocky slope |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211479816.8A CN115735468A (en) | 2022-11-24 | 2022-11-24 | Method for roughening and greening smooth rocky slope |
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| CN115735468A true CN115735468A (en) | 2023-03-07 |
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Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000240060A (en) * | 1998-12-25 | 2000-09-05 | Tenryu Ind Co Ltd | Protecting/greening structure for slope, wall face or bank face |
| JP2000248553A (en) * | 1999-03-03 | 2000-09-12 | Kajima Corp | Repairing scene seeding and planting construction method of face of slope |
| KR20040063550A (en) * | 2003-01-08 | 2004-07-14 | 삼성에버랜드 주식회사 | Slope greening method |
| CN103290854A (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2013-09-11 | 中铁二局股份有限公司 | Fast construction method of rock slope protection |
| CN105178339A (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2015-12-23 | 铁道第三勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Spray-sowing slope protection structure for steep rock side slope |
| CN111480482A (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2020-08-04 | 长沙凯天工研院环保服务有限公司 | Quick and lasting revegetation method for high and steep rocky slope vegetation |
| CN113216223A (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2021-08-06 | 江苏富邦环境建设集团有限公司 | Ecological restoration method for mine side slope |
| CN115142445A (en) * | 2022-08-11 | 2022-10-04 | 中国建筑材料工业地质勘查中心安徽总队 | Ecological restoration method for high and steep side slope of surface mine |
-
2022
- 2022-11-24 CN CN202211479816.8A patent/CN115735468A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000240060A (en) * | 1998-12-25 | 2000-09-05 | Tenryu Ind Co Ltd | Protecting/greening structure for slope, wall face or bank face |
| JP2000248553A (en) * | 1999-03-03 | 2000-09-12 | Kajima Corp | Repairing scene seeding and planting construction method of face of slope |
| KR20040063550A (en) * | 2003-01-08 | 2004-07-14 | 삼성에버랜드 주식회사 | Slope greening method |
| CN103290854A (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2013-09-11 | 中铁二局股份有限公司 | Fast construction method of rock slope protection |
| CN105178339A (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2015-12-23 | 铁道第三勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Spray-sowing slope protection structure for steep rock side slope |
| CN111480482A (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2020-08-04 | 长沙凯天工研院环保服务有限公司 | Quick and lasting revegetation method for high and steep rocky slope vegetation |
| CN113216223A (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2021-08-06 | 江苏富邦环境建设集团有限公司 | Ecological restoration method for mine side slope |
| CN115142445A (en) * | 2022-08-11 | 2022-10-04 | 中国建筑材料工业地质勘查中心安徽总队 | Ecological restoration method for high and steep side slope of surface mine |
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