CN115727565A - Jet-compression coupling refrigeration system and method utilizing ship waste heat - Google Patents
Jet-compression coupling refrigeration system and method utilizing ship waste heat Download PDFInfo
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- CN115727565A CN115727565A CN202211344960.0A CN202211344960A CN115727565A CN 115727565 A CN115727565 A CN 115727565A CN 202211344960 A CN202211344960 A CN 202211344960A CN 115727565 A CN115727565 A CN 115727565A
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- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
- Y02A30/274—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies using waste energy, e.g. from internal combustion engine
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Abstract
The invention discloses an injection-compression coupling refrigeration system and method using ship waste heat, belonging to the technical field of ship refrigeration, and comprising an ejector refrigeration system and a steam compression type refrigeration system, wherein the ejector refrigeration system comprises an ejector, the outlet of the ejector is connected with the inlet of a first condenser, and the outlet of the first condenser is connected with the inlet of a liquid storage device; the first path of the liquid storage device is connected with an inlet of a steam generator, the steam generator absorbs the waste heat of the ship, an outlet of the steam generator is connected with a primary flow inlet of the ejector, the second path of the liquid storage device is connected with a cold side inlet of the cascade heat exchanger, and a cold side outlet of the cascade heat exchanger is connected with a secondary flow inlet of the ejector; the hot side of the cascade heat exchanger is connected with a vapor compression refrigeration system for heat exchange. The system realizes the high-efficiency recovery of the ship waste heat, supplies cold for the condensation side of the vapor compression refrigeration system, increases the refrigerating capacity of the original vapor compression refrigeration system, and improves the utilization rate of energy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ship refrigeration, and particularly relates to an injection-compression coupling refrigeration system and method utilizing ship waste heat.
Background
The statements herein merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
The maritime industry bears over 85 percent of commodity trade transportation volume, and ships are used as main carriers of the maritime industry, so that the defects of high energy consumption and serious waste heat are overcome. At present, "green and low carbon" has become the development target of the marine industry, which also puts forward an updated and higher requirement on the utilization level of the power waste heat of the ship.
The heat efficiency of the existing marine main engine is about 40% -50%, and most of energy consumed by the rest part is discharged to the environment in the form of low-temperature waste heat and is taken away by cylinder jacket cooling water and lubricating oil or lost in the form of heat radiation and the like. Wherein the exhaust temperature of the diesel engine is about 330 ℃ to 380 ℃; the exhaust temperature of the auxiliary boiler is between 150 and 350 ℃; if the ship power waste heat can be recycled, the ship operation cost can be reduced, the ship Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI) can be effectively reduced, and the ship power waste heat recycling device has great practical value in the aspect of environmental protection. The current refrigeration system for the ship is mainly used for steam compression, consumes the power of a diesel engine, and has the problem of high energy consumption.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a jet-compression coupling refrigerating system and method utilizing ship waste heat, the system realizes the high-efficiency recovery of the ship waste heat, supplies cold for the condensation side of a vapor compression refrigerating system, increases the refrigerating capacity of the original vapor compression refrigerating system, and improves the utilization rate of energy.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides an injection-compression coupling refrigeration system using ship waste heat, which comprises an ejector refrigeration system and a vapor compression refrigeration system, wherein the ejector refrigeration system comprises an ejector, an outlet of the ejector is connected with an inlet of a first condenser, and an outlet of the first condenser is connected with an inlet of a liquid storage device; the first path of the liquid storage device is connected with an inlet of a steam generator, the steam generator absorbs the waste heat of the ship, an outlet of the steam generator is connected with a primary flow inlet of the ejector, the second path of the liquid storage device is connected with a cold side inlet of the cascade heat exchanger, and a cold side outlet of the cascade heat exchanger is connected with a secondary flow inlet of the ejector; the hot side of the cascade heat exchanger is connected with a vapor compression refrigeration system for heat exchange.
As a further technical scheme, a working medium pump is arranged between the liquid storage device and the steam generator, the first path of the liquid storage device is connected with an inlet of the working medium pump, and an outlet of the working medium pump is connected with an inlet of the steam generator.
As a further technical scheme, a check valve is arranged between the working medium pump and the steam generator.
As a further technical scheme, a first throttle valve is arranged between the reservoir and the cascade heat exchanger.
As a further technical scheme, the vapor compression refrigeration system comprises a second condenser, an outlet of the second condenser is connected with an inlet of a hot side of the cascade heat exchanger, an outlet of the hot side of the cascade heat exchanger is connected with an inlet of the evaporator, an outlet of the evaporator is connected with a suction inlet of the compressor, and an outlet of the compressor is connected with an inlet of the second condenser.
As a further technical scheme, a second throttling valve is arranged between the cascade heat exchanger and the evaporator.
As a further technical scheme, a first mixed working medium is arranged in the ejector refrigeration system, and a second mixed working medium is arranged in the vapor compression refrigeration system.
As a further technical scheme, the first mixed working medium exchanges heat with the seawater at the first condenser, and the second mixed working medium exchanges heat with the seawater at the second condenser.
As a further technical scheme, a preheater is arranged between the working medium pump and the steam generator.
In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a working method of the injection-compression coupling refrigeration system using ship waste heat, including the following steps:
the mixed working medium absorbs the waste heat of the ship in the steam generator to generate high-temperature and high-pressure working steam, the high-temperature and high-pressure working steam enters the ejector to inject low-temperature and low-pressure mixed working medium steam from the cold side of the cascade heat exchanger, two streams of steam are uniformly mixed in the ejector, and the mixed working medium steam is discharged from the outlet of the ejector and then exchanges heat with seawater in the first condenser to be condensed into liquid;
the mixed working medium in the liquid accumulator is divided into two paths, and the first path enters the cold side of the cascade heat exchanger to absorb heat and is changed into low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant steam; and the second path enters the steam generator again after the heat insulation compression of the working medium pump, so as to complete the circulation.
As a further technical scheme, the heat exchange is carried out between the hot side of the cascade heat exchanger and the mixed working medium at the cold side, the mixed working medium at the hot side of the cascade heat exchanger provides cold energy for a cold-using place in the evaporator and is changed into refrigerant steam, the refrigerant steam enters the second condenser for heat exchange with seawater under the compression action of the compressor, and then the refrigerant steam enters the cascade heat exchanger to complete the whole cycle.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
according to the injection-compression coupling refrigeration system, the steam generator absorbs the waste heat of the ship, the condenser exchanges heat with the seawater, the low-grade industrial waste heat and the natural cold source (seawater) of the ship are fully utilized, the ejector refrigeration system is utilized to supercool the refrigerant in front of the throttle valve of the steam compression refrigeration system, and the refrigeration capacity of the system is increased.
The injection-compression coupling refrigerating system adopts the non-azeotropic mixed working medium, and compared with a single working medium, the efficiency of the injector is increased; and the temperature slippage exists in the phase-change heat exchange process in the heat exchanger, so that the similar Lorentz circulation is realized, the heat exchange coefficient of the heat exchanger is higher, the size of the heat exchanger can be reduced, and the cost is reduced.
The injection-compression coupling refrigeration system can realize cascade utilization of the waste heat of the ship and improve the waste heat recovery efficiency and the energy utilization rate.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of an injection-compression coupled refrigeration system according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;
in the figure: the space or size between each other is exaggerated to show the position of each part, and the schematic diagram is only used for illustration;
the system comprises an ejector 1, an ejector 3, a first condenser 3, a liquid storage device 4, a working medium pump 5, a steam generator 6, a compressor 7, a second condenser 8, a cascade heat exchanger 9, a second throttling valve 10, an evaporator 11, a first throttling valve 13 and a preheater.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, an ejector-compression coupled refrigeration system using residual heat of a ship is provided, which includes an ejector 1, an outlet of the ejector 1 is connected to an inlet of a first condenser 3, and an outlet of the first condenser 3 is connected to an inlet of an accumulator 3.
In the liquid storage device 3, the liquid is divided into two paths; reservoir 3 is first to link to each other with working medium pump 4's entry all the way, and working medium pump 4's export links to each other through check valve and steam generator 5's entry, and steam generator 5's export links to each other with the primary flow inlet of sprayer 1. The other path of the accumulator 3 is connected with a cold side inlet of the cascade heat exchanger 8 through a first throttle valve 11, and a cold side outlet of the cascade heat exchanger 8 is connected with a secondary flow inlet of the ejector 1. This part constitutes the ejector refrigeration system.
The outlet of the compressor 6 is connected with the inlet of the second condenser 7, the outlet of the second condenser 7 is connected with the inlet of the hot side of the cascade heat exchanger 8, the outlet of the hot side of the cascade heat exchanger 8 is connected with the inlet of the evaporator 10 through the second throttle valve 9, and the outlet of the evaporator 10 is connected with the suction inlet of the compressor 6. This part constitutes a vapour compression refrigeration system.
The mixed working medium is adopted in the refrigerating system, and the working media adopted in the ejector refrigerating system and the steam compression type refrigerating system are different, namely a first mixed working medium is arranged in the ejector refrigerating system, and a second mixed working medium is arranged in the steam compression type refrigerating system; preferably, the mixed working medium of the ejector refrigeration system is R134a/R345fa, and the mass ratio is as follows: 0.4/0.6. The mixed working medium of the vapor compression refrigeration system is R410a or R404a.
In a further scheme, a preheater 13 is arranged between the working medium pump 4 and the steam generator 5, and low-grade waste heat (such as cylinder liner water) in ship waste heat can be utilized to preheat mixed refrigerant from the working medium pump. The preheated refrigerant enters a steam generator to exchange heat with high-temperature waste heat resources (such as tail exhaust of a diesel engine) from ship waste heat, and the like, so that high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant steam is generated.
The working principle of the refrigerating system is as follows:
in the ejector refrigeration system, the mixed working medium absorbs the ship waste heat (engine tail row, boiler tail row and the like) in the steam generator 5 to generate high-temperature and high-pressure working steam, the high-temperature and high-pressure working steam enters the ejector 1, and the low-temperature and low-pressure mixed working medium steam from the cold side of the cascade heat exchanger 8 is ejected. The two streams of steam are uniformly mixed in the ejector 1, discharged from the outlet of the ejector 1 and then subjected to heat exchange with seawater in the first condenser 3 to be condensed into liquid. In the reservoir 3, the mixed working medium is divided into two paths, the first path is throttled and depressurized by a first throttle valve 11 and then enters the cold side of the cascade heat exchanger 8 to absorb heat and become low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant steam; the second path enters the steam generator 5 again after the heat insulation compression of the working medium pump 4, and then the circulation is completed.
In the vapor compression refrigeration system, heat exchange is carried out between the mixed working medium at the hot side and the mixed working medium at the cold side of the cascade heat exchanger 8, so that the supercooling degree of the liquid before entering the second throttling valve 9 is increased. The mixed working medium at the hot side of the cascade heat exchanger provides cold energy for a cold using place in the evaporator 10, and is changed into refrigerant steam, enters the second condenser 7 to exchange heat with seawater through the compression action of the compressor 6, and then enters the cascade heat exchanger 8 to complete the whole cycle.
The vapor compression refrigeration system can provide larger refrigerating capacity after the supercooling degree is increased than the previous system.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An injection-compression coupling refrigeration system utilizing ship waste heat is characterized by comprising an ejector refrigeration system and a vapor compression refrigeration system, wherein the ejector refrigeration system comprises an ejector, an outlet of the ejector is connected with an inlet of a first condenser, and an outlet of the first condenser is connected with an inlet of a liquid storage device; the first path of the liquid storage device is connected with an inlet of a steam generator, the steam generator absorbs the waste heat of the ship, an outlet of the steam generator is connected with a primary flow inlet of the ejector, the second path of the liquid storage device is connected with a cold side inlet of the cascade heat exchanger, and a cold side outlet of the cascade heat exchanger is connected with a secondary flow inlet of the ejector; the hot side of the cascade heat exchanger is connected with a vapor compression refrigeration system for heat exchange.
2. The injection-compression coupling refrigerating system using the residual heat of the ship as claimed in claim 1, wherein a working medium pump is disposed between the liquid storage device and the steam generator, the first path of the liquid storage device is connected to an inlet of the working medium pump, and an outlet of the working medium pump is connected to an inlet of the steam generator.
3. The injection-compression coupled refrigerating system using residual heat of ships according to claim 3, wherein a check valve is provided between the working medium pump and the steam generator.
4. The injection-compression coupled refrigerating system using residual heat of ship according to claim 1, wherein a first throttle valve is provided between the accumulator and the cascade heat exchanger.
5. The injection-compression coupled refrigeration system using residual heat of ships according to claim 1, wherein the vapor compression refrigeration system comprises a second condenser, an outlet of the second condenser is connected to an inlet of a hot side of the cascade heat exchanger, an outlet of the hot side of the cascade heat exchanger is connected to an inlet of the evaporator, an outlet of the evaporator is connected to a suction port of the compressor, and an outlet of the compressor is connected to an inlet of the second condenser.
6. The injection-compression coupling refrigerating system using waste heat of ships according to claim 5, wherein a second throttle valve is provided between the cascade heat exchanger and the evaporator.
7. The injection-compression coupling refrigerating system using the residual heat of the ship as claimed in claim 1, wherein a first mixed working medium is provided in the injector refrigerating system, and a second mixed working medium is provided in the vapor compression refrigerating system; the first mixed working medium exchanges heat with the seawater at the first condenser, and the second mixed working medium exchanges heat with the seawater at the second condenser.
8. The injection-compression coupled refrigerating system using residual heat of ships according to claim 3, wherein a preheater is disposed between the working medium pump and the steam generator.
9. The operating method of the injection-compression coupled refrigerating system using the residual heat of the ship as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
the mixed working medium absorbs the waste heat of the ship in the steam generator to generate high-temperature and high-pressure working steam, the high-temperature and high-pressure working steam enters the ejector to eject the low-temperature and low-pressure mixed working medium steam from the cold side of the cascade heat exchanger, the two streams of steam are uniformly mixed in the ejector, and the two streams of steam are discharged from the outlet of the ejector and then exchange heat with seawater in the first condenser to be condensed into liquid;
the mixed working medium in the liquid accumulator is divided into two paths, and the first path enters the cold side of the cascade heat exchanger to absorb heat and is changed into low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant steam; and the second path enters the steam generator again after the heat insulation compression of the working medium pump, so as to complete the circulation.
10. The working method as claimed in claim 9, wherein the mixed working medium at the hot side of the cascade heat exchanger exchanges heat with the mixed working medium at the cold side, the mixed working medium at the hot side of the cascade heat exchanger provides cold energy for the cold field in the evaporator and becomes refrigerant vapor, and the refrigerant vapor enters the second condenser for heat exchange with seawater through the compression action of the compressor and then enters the cascade heat exchanger to complete the whole cycle.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211344960.0A CN115727565A (en) | 2022-10-31 | 2022-10-31 | Jet-compression coupling refrigeration system and method utilizing ship waste heat |
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| CN202211344960.0A CN115727565A (en) | 2022-10-31 | 2022-10-31 | Jet-compression coupling refrigeration system and method utilizing ship waste heat |
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| CN115727565A true CN115727565A (en) | 2023-03-03 |
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-
2022
- 2022-10-31 CN CN202211344960.0A patent/CN115727565A/en active Pending
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| Title |
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| 吴勇平等: "太阳能喷射-压缩复合制冷循环性能研究", 《热科学与技术》第19卷第5期, 31 October 2020 (2020-10-31), pages 503 - 504 * |
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