CN112282962B - Waste heat recovery organic Rankine cycle system for replacing cylinder liner water of internal combustion engine by mixed working medium - Google Patents
Waste heat recovery organic Rankine cycle system for replacing cylinder liner water of internal combustion engine by mixed working medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN112282962B CN112282962B CN202011284082.9A CN202011284082A CN112282962B CN 112282962 B CN112282962 B CN 112282962B CN 202011284082 A CN202011284082 A CN 202011284082A CN 112282962 B CN112282962 B CN 112282962B
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G5/00—Profiting from waste heat of combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
- F02G5/02—Profiting from waste heat of exhaust gases
- F02G5/04—Profiting from waste heat of exhaust gases in combination with other waste heat from combustion engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
- F01K13/006—Auxiliaries or details not otherwise provided for
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B29/00—Engines characterised by provision for charging or scavenging not provided for in groups F02B25/00, F02B27/00 or F02B33/00 - F02B39/00; Details thereof
- F02B29/04—Cooling of air intake supply
- F02B29/045—Constructional details of the heat exchangers, e.g. pipes, plates, ribs, insulation, materials, or manufacturing and assembly
- F02B29/0462—Liquid cooled heat exchangers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a waste heat recovery organic Rankine cycle system for replacing cylinder liner water of an internal combustion engine by mixed working media, which comprises a liquid storage tank, a charge air heat exchanger, a heat regenerator, a flash tank, an exhaust heat exchanger, a low-temperature expansion machine and a high-temperature expansion machine, wherein non-azeotropic mixtures are prestored in the liquid storage tank, a working medium channel inlet of the charge air heat exchanger and a working medium channel inlet of the heat regenerator are communicated with the liquid storage tank, and a heat exchange channel of the charge air heat exchanger is communicated with the internal combustion engine system; the working medium channel outlets of the charge air heat exchanger and the heat regenerator are connected with the cylinder body of the internal combustion engine, the cylinder body of the internal combustion engine is connected with the flash tank, the liquid phase outlet of the flash tank is connected with the working medium channel inlet of the exhaust heat exchanger, the heat exchange channel of the exhaust heat exchanger is communicated with the internal combustion engine system, and the working medium channel outlet of the exhaust heat exchanger is connected with the heat exchange channel inlet of the heat regenerator through the high-temperature expander; the gas phase outlet of the flash tank is connected with a low-temperature expander, and the heat exchange channel of the heat regenerator and the low-temperature expander are respectively connected with a liquid storage tank. The invention can realize the recovery and utilization of the waste heat of the internal combustion engine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of waste heat recovery systems, in particular to a waste heat recovery organic Rankine cycle system for replacing cylinder liner water of an internal combustion engine by mixed working media.
Background
The internal combustion engine has the advantages of high efficiency, high energy density, good fuel adaptability and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of vehicles, ships and other mobile devices, fixed generator sets, engineering, farm machinery and the like. China is the largest internal combustion engine manufacturing country and consuming country in the world, and the sales of the internal combustion engine in 2019 is 4712.3 ten thousand, and the total power reaches 24.37 hundred million kilowatts.
Exhaust gases from internal combustion engines typically contain CO 2 CO, HC and NO x And the like, so that the development of energy conservation and emission reduction technology for the internal combustion engine has important significance for relieving the energy demand of China and reducing the emission of pollutants. The internal combustion engine outputs energy by means of rapid expansion work of compressed gas in a cylinder caused by severe combustion of fuel such as gasoline, diesel oil and the like, but the thermal efficiency of the internal combustion engine is only about 40%, and the rest energy is dissipated in modes such as exhaust waste heat (about 30%), cylinder liner water waste heat (about 25%) and the like. In this case, it is necessary to use a waste heat recovery technology to recover the heat energy of the fuel of the internal combustion engine, and eventually, to increase the energy utilization rate of the internal combustion engine. Internal combustion engines have a variety of different grades of waste heat sources: exhaust gas with the temperature of about 350-550 ℃ and cylinder liner water with the temperature of about 85-95 ℃. For an intake supercharged internal combustion engine, the supercharged air with the temperature of about 100-140 ℃ also has certain heat recovery potential. For the above situation, a waste heat recovery system matched with the waste heat source characteristic of the internal combustion engine needs to be designed according to the waste heat source characteristic of the internal combustion engine, and an efficient comprehensive waste heat recovery system is proposed according to the principle of energy cascade utilization.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a mixed working medium to replace a waste heat recovery organic Rankine cycle system of cylinder liner water of an internal combustion engine so as to solve the problem that the waste heat of the internal combustion engine is not fully recovered and utilized in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the waste heat recovery organic Rankine cycle system for replacing cylinder liner water of an internal combustion engine by mixed working media comprises a liquid storage tank, a charge air heat exchanger, a heat regenerator, a flash tank, an exhaust heat exchanger, a low-temperature expansion machine and a high-temperature expansion machine, wherein:
the non-azeotropic mixture is pre-stored in the liquid storage tank as a circulating working medium, and comprises two working mediums, wherein the two working mediums have different boiling points and temperatures under the same pressure.
The heat exchange channels of the charge air heat exchanger and the heat regenerator are respectively provided with a working medium channel and a heat exchange channel, the inlets of the working medium channels of the charge air heat exchanger and the heat regenerator are respectively communicated with the inside of the liquid storage tank, and heat source mediums are respectively introduced into the heat exchange channels of the charge air heat exchanger and the heat regenerator, wherein the heat exchange channels of the charge air heat exchanger are introduced into the charge air discharged by the cylinder body of the internal combustion engine and are used as the heat source mediums; the circulating working medium in the liquid storage tank respectively enters working medium channels of the charge air heat exchanger and the heat regenerator, and exchanges heat with corresponding heat source media in the charge air heat exchanger and the heat regenerator respectively;
the working medium channel outlets of the charge air heat exchanger and the heat regenerator are respectively connected with the working medium inlet of the internal combustion engine cylinder body, and the working medium outlet of the internal combustion engine cylinder body is connected with the inlet of the flash tank, so that the circulating working medium in the charge air heat exchanger and the heat regenerator respectively enter the internal combustion engine cylinder body after exchanging heat, and after exchanging heat with fuel gas in the internal combustion engine cylinder body, the circulating working medium flows out of the internal combustion engine cylinder body to the flash tank;
the liquid phase outlet of the flash tank is connected with the inlet of the working medium channel of the exhaust heat exchanger, the heat exchange channel of the exhaust heat exchanger is filled with exhaust gas of the cylinder body of the internal combustion engine as a heat source medium, the outlet of the working medium channel of the exhaust heat exchanger is connected with the inlet of the high-temperature expansion machine, and the outlet of the high-temperature expansion machine is connected with the inlet of the heat exchange channel of the heat regenerator; the gas phase outlet of the flash tank is communicated with the inlet of the low-temperature expander, and the outlet of the heat exchange channel of the heat regenerator and the outlet of the low-temperature expander are respectively communicated with the liquid storage tank;
after the circulating working medium is flashed by a flash tank, a liquid phase part is formed by the working medium with high boiling point temperature and enters a working medium channel of an exhaust heat exchanger, the liquid phase part enters a high-temperature expansion machine for expansion work after heat exchange with exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine cylinder body in the exhaust heat exchanger, then the high-temperature expansion machine flows out to a heat exchange channel of a heat regenerator to serve as a heat source medium of the heat exchange channel of the heat regenerator, and a gas phase part is formed by the working medium with low boiling point temperature and enters a low-temperature expansion machine for expansion work; and finally, respectively entering the corresponding working medium flowing out of the heat exchange channel of the heat regenerator and the low-temperature expansion machine into the liquid storage tank.
In the mixed working medium replaces the waste heat recovery organic Rankine cycle system of the cylinder liner water of the internal combustion engine, the inlet of the heat exchange channel of the charge air heat exchanger is connected with the outlet of the supercharger arranged on the internal combustion engine, the inlet of the supercharger is connected with the outlet of the exhaust turbine arranged on the internal combustion engine, the inlet of the exhaust turbine is connected with the exhaust port of the cylinder body of the internal combustion engine, the outlet of the heat exchange channel of the charge air heat exchanger is connected with the air inlet of the cylinder body of the internal combustion engine, thus forming a loop, the exhaust gas of the cylinder body of the internal combustion engine in the loop is sent into the supercharger through the exhaust turbine to be supercharged to form charge air, and the charge air enters the heat exchange channel of the charge air heat exchanger to be used as a heat source medium to finish heat exchange and then returns to the cylinder body of the internal combustion engine.
In the waste heat recovery organic Rankine cycle system of replacing cylinder liner water of the internal combustion engine by the mixed working medium, an inlet of a heat exchange channel in an exhaust heat exchanger is connected with an outlet of an exhaust turbine, an outlet of the heat exchange channel in the exhaust heat exchanger is communicated with an external environment or an external tail gas recovery device, and exhaust gas of a cylinder body of the internal combustion engine enters the heat exchange channel in the exhaust heat exchanger through the exhaust turbine to be used as a heat source medium to complete heat exchange and then is discharged to the external environment or enters the external tail gas recovery device.
The mixed working medium replaces the waste heat recovery organic Rankine cycle system of the cylinder liner water of the internal combustion engine, and the system also comprises a low-pressure working medium pump, wherein an inlet of the low-pressure working medium pump is communicated with the interior of the liquid storage tank, an outlet of the low-pressure working medium pump is respectively connected with a working medium channel inlet of the heat regenerator and a working medium channel inlet of the booster air heat exchanger, and the low-pressure working medium pump pumps the circulating working medium in the liquid storage tank into working medium channels of the heat regenerator and the booster air heat exchanger respectively.
The mixed working medium replaces the waste heat recovery organic Rankine cycle system of the cylinder liner water of the internal combustion engine, and further comprises a high-pressure working medium pump, wherein an inlet of the high-pressure working medium pump is connected with a liquid phase outlet of the flash tank, an outlet of the high-pressure working medium pump is connected with a working medium channel inlet of the exhaust heat exchanger, and the high-pressure working medium pump pumps the liquid phase part into a working medium channel of the exhaust heat exchanger.
The mixed working medium replaces the waste heat recovery organic Rankine cycle system of the cylinder liner water of the internal combustion engine, and further comprises a condenser, wherein the outlet of the heat exchange channel of the heat regenerator and the outlet of the low-temperature expansion machine are respectively connected with the inlet of the condenser, the outlet of the condenser is communicated with the liquid storage tank, and the corresponding working medium flowing out of the heat exchange channel of the heat regenerator and the low-temperature expansion machine respectively enters the liquid storage tank after being cooled by the condenser.
The invention uses two working media with larger difference of boiling point temperature (such as 50-100 ℃) under the same pressure as the circulating working media, and separates a gas phase part with more working media with low boiling point temperature and a liquid phase part with more high boiling point temperature from the other part by means of a flash tank.
The circulating working medium enters the charge air heat exchanger to replace the charge air cooler of the internal combustion engine; and then the circulating working medium enters the cylinder body of the internal combustion engine, so that the direct absorption of heat of the cylinder body of the internal combustion engine is realized, and a heat exchanger for recovering the waste heat of cylinder liner water is saved.
The gas phase part separated from the flash tank enters the low-temperature expansion machine to do work, the other liquid phase part enters the exhaust heat exchanger to absorb heat to become high-temperature high-pressure steam and then enters the high-temperature expansion machine to do work, and the waste steam heat is absorbed by a part of circulating working media in the heat regenerator, so that the combined action of the processes realizes the comprehensive utilization of waste heat with different qualities, and the working capacity of the system is greatly improved.
The invention adopts non-azeotropic mixture composed of different working media with high boiling point and low boiling point as circulating working medium, can absorb the heat of pressurized air discharged by the cylinder body of the internal combustion engine, the heat of exhaust steam after the high temperature expander, the heat of gas in the cylinder body of the internal combustion engine and the cylinder body, then enter the flash tank to form a gas phase part containing working media with low boiling point and a liquid phase part containing working media with high boiling point, the gas phase part enters the low temperature expander to apply work, the liquid phase part is pumped into the exhaust heat exchanger by the high pressure working medium to exchange heat with the exhaust gas of the cylinder body of the internal combustion engine and then become high-temperature high-pressure steam, then the steam enters the high temperature expander to push the high temperature expander to apply work, the heat of exhaust steam after the high temperature expander is subjected to heat exchange in the regenerator and then is converged with the exhaust steam after the low temperature expander, finally enters the condenser to condense and dissipate heat, and then enters the liquid storage tank to complete circulation.
The waste heat recovery system provided by the invention can actively adjust the physical characteristics of the heat absorbing working medium corresponding to different waste heat sources by means of the cooperation coordination capacity of the low-pressure working medium pump, the high-pressure working medium pump and the flash tank, realize the efficient recovery and utilization of the waste heat of the supercharged air, the cylinder body and the exhaust of the internal combustion engine, realize the efficient utilization of various waste heat sources of the internal combustion engine in a wide internal combustion engine working condition range, and finally realize the cascade utilization of the waste heat of the internal combustion engine. The invention is beneficial to improving the primary energy utilization efficiency of the internal combustion engine and has important significance for energy conservation and emission reduction in the application industry of the internal combustion engine.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the mixed working medium replaces the waste heat recovery organic rankine cycle system of the cylinder liner water of the internal combustion engine, a low-pressure working medium pump 1, a charge air heat exchanger 2, a regenerator 3, a flash tank 4, a low-temperature expander 5, a condenser 6, a liquid storage tank 7, a high-pressure working medium pump 8, an exhaust heat exchanger 9 and a high-temperature expander 10, wherein:
a non-azeotropic mixture is pre-stored in the liquid storage tank 7 as a circulating working medium, and the non-azeotropic mixture comprises two working media, and the two working media have different boiling temperatures under the same pressure.
The charge air heat exchanger 2 and the heat regenerator 3 are respectively provided with a working medium channel and a heat exchange channel, the inlet of the low-pressure working medium pump 1 is communicated with the interior of the liquid storage tank 7, the outlet of the low-pressure working medium pump 1 is respectively connected with the inlet of the working medium channel of the heat regenerator 3 and the inlet of the working medium channel of the charge air heat exchanger 2, and the low-pressure working medium pump 1 pumps the circulating working medium in the liquid storage tank 7 into the working medium channels of the heat regenerator 3 and the charge air heat exchanger 2 respectively.
The heat exchange channels of the charge air heat exchanger 2 and the heat regenerator 3 are respectively filled with heat source media, wherein the inlet of the heat exchange channel of the charge air heat exchanger 2 is connected with the outlet of a supercharger 12 arranged on the internal combustion engine, the inlet of the supercharger 12 is connected with the outlet of an exhaust turbine 11 arranged on the internal combustion engine, the inlet of the exhaust turbine 11 is connected with the exhaust port of an internal combustion engine cylinder 13, the outlet of the heat exchange channel of the charge air heat exchanger 12 is connected with the air inlet of the internal combustion engine cylinder 13, thereby forming a loop, the exhaust A of the internal combustion engine cylinder 13 in the loop is sent into the supercharger 12 through the exhaust turbine 11 to be pressurized to form charge air B, the charge air B enters the heat exchange channel of the charge air heat exchanger 2 as the heat source media, and returns to the internal combustion engine cylinder 13 after heat exchange with the circulating working medium in the working medium channel of the charge air heat exchanger 2 is completed. Meanwhile, the circulating medium in the working medium channel of the heat regenerator 3 and the heat source medium of the heat exchange channel of the heat regenerator 3 perform heat exchange as well.
The working medium channel outlets of the charge air heat exchanger 2 and the heat regenerator 3 are respectively connected with the working medium inlet of the internal combustion engine cylinder body 13, and the working medium outlet of the internal combustion engine cylinder body 13 is connected with the inlet of the flash tank 4, so that the circulating working medium in the charge air heat exchanger 2 and the heat regenerator 3 respectively enter the internal combustion engine cylinder body 13 after heat exchange and temperature rise, and after heat exchange between the circulating working medium and fuel gas in the internal combustion engine cylinder body 13 is heated again, the circulating working medium flows out of the internal combustion engine cylinder body 13 to the flash tank 4.
The exhaust heat exchanger 9 is provided with a working medium channel and a heat exchange channel, the liquid phase outlet of the flash tank 4 is connected with the inlet of the high-pressure working medium pump, and the outlet of the high-pressure working medium pump is connected with the inlet of the working medium channel of the exhaust heat exchanger. The inlet of the heat exchange channel of the exhaust heat exchanger 9 is connected with the outlet of the exhaust turbine 11, the outlet of the heat exchange channel of the exhaust heat exchanger 9 is communicated with the external environment or the external tail gas recovery device, and the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine cylinder 13 enters the heat exchange channel of the exhaust heat exchanger 9 through the exhaust turbine 11 to be used as a heat source medium for heat exchange and then is discharged to the external environment or enters the external tail gas recovery device.
The outlet of the working medium channel of the exhaust heat exchanger 9 is connected with the inlet of the high-temperature expander 10, and the outlet of the high-temperature expander 10 is connected with the inlet of the heat exchange channel of the heat regenerator 3. Simultaneously, the gas phase outlet of the flash tank 4 is communicated with the inlet of the low-temperature expander 5, the outlet of the heat exchange channel of the heat regenerator 3 and the outlet of the low-temperature expander 5 are respectively connected with the inlet of the condenser 6, and the outlet of the condenser 6 is communicated with the liquid storage tank 7
After the circulation working medium is flashed by the flash tank 4, a liquid phase part formed by the working medium with high boiling point temperature is pumped into a working medium channel of the exhaust heat exchanger 9 by the high-pressure working medium pump 8, the liquid phase part exchanges heat with the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine cylinder body in the exhaust heat exchanger 9 to heat up to form a gas state, then enters the high-temperature expander 10 to expand and do work, and then flows out to a heat exchange channel of the heat regenerator 3 from the high-temperature expander 10 to serve as a heat source medium of the heat exchange channel of the heat regenerator 3. And meanwhile, the working medium with low boiling point temperature after the flash evaporation in the flash evaporation tank 4 forms a gas phase part and enters the low-temperature expander 5 to expand and do work. And finally, respectively entering the heat exchange channel of the heat regenerator 3 and the corresponding working medium flowing out of the low-temperature expander 5 into a condenser 6, cooling by the condenser, and then entering the liquid storage tank to complete the waste heat recovery cycle.
The invention adopts a non-azeotropic mixture composed of two working media with different boiling points and temperatures under the same pressure as a circulating working medium, such as a mixture of high-temperature working media (such as toluene) and halogenated hydrocarbon refrigerant (such as R245 fa). The circulating working medium can be introduced into the cylinder body 13 of the internal combustion engine to absorb the combustion heat of the cylinder and maintain the temperature of the cylinder body, so that the arrangement of cylinder liner water of the internal combustion engine is omitted, and the weight of the system and the complexity of the structure are reduced. In addition, the flash tank 4 is used for realizing the high-efficiency separation of the working medium parts with different boiling points of the circulating working medium with higher temperature, wherein one part is a gas phase part containing more working medium with low boiling point temperature, and the other part is a gas phase part containing more working medium with high boiling point temperature. The arrangement of the flash tank 4 not only solves the contradiction between the flow of working medium required by the heat dissipation of exhaust gas and the heat dissipation of the cylinder body, but also increases the output of the effective power of the system.
The present invention is largely divided into a low-pressure circuit and a high-pressure circuit. Before the waste heat recovery system is started, a non-azeotropic mixed working medium with a set proportion needs to be filled in the liquid storage tank 7. During operation of the system, the liquid level of the liquid storage tank 7 is concerned in real time, and in case that the liquid level is lower than a limit value, the system is required to be stopped and the mixed working medium is timely supplemented.
In the low-pressure loop, part of circulating working medium from the liquid storage tank 7 enters the charge air heat exchanger 2 to absorb heat of charge air B from an internal combustion engine system under the pressurization and transportation of the low-pressure working medium pump 1, and the other part enters the heat regenerator 3 to absorb heat of high-temperature exhaust steam from the high-temperature expander 10. Then the mixture is converged into the internal combustion engine cylinder 13 to absorb convection heat and radiant heat of high-temperature and high-pressure fuel gas in the internal combustion engine cylinder 13, the temperature of the circulating working medium is further improved, and then the mixture enters the flash tank 4 for reduced pressure evaporation, wherein the working medium with low boiling point temperature is easier to evaporate compared with the working medium with high boiling point temperature, so that a gas phase part formed by the working medium with more low boiling point temperature enters the low-temperature expansion machine 5 for expansion work, and finally exhaust steam enters the condenser 6 for cooling and heat dissipation.
In the high-pressure loop, the liquid phase part of the working medium with more high boiling point temperature from the flash tank 4 enters an exhaust heat exchanger 9 under the transmission of a high-pressure working medium pump 8 to absorb residual heat of the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine into high-temperature and high-pressure gas, then enters a high-temperature expander 10 to expand and do work, then high-temperature exhaust steam at an outlet transmits heat to a circulating working medium in the heat regenerator 3, then enters a condenser 6 to dissipate heat together with the exhaust steam of the low-temperature expander 5, and finally enters a liquid storage tank 7 to complete the waste heat recovery cycle.
The embodiments of the present invention are merely described in terms of preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the spirit and scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the present invention, and the technical content of the present invention as claimed is fully described in the claims.
Claims (1)
1. The waste heat recovery organic Rankine cycle system for replacing cylinder liner water of an internal combustion engine by mixed working media is characterized in that: the device comprises a liquid storage tank, a charge air heat exchanger, a heat regenerator, a flash tank, an exhaust heat exchanger, a low-temperature expansion machine and a high-temperature expansion machine, wherein: a non-azeotropic mixture serving as a circulating working medium is prestored in the liquid storage tank, and comprises two working mediums, wherein the boiling point temperatures of the two working mediums are different under the same pressure; the heat exchange channels of the charge air heat exchanger and the heat regenerator are respectively provided with a working medium channel and a heat exchange channel, the inlets of the working medium channels of the charge air heat exchanger and the heat regenerator are respectively communicated with the inside of the liquid storage tank, and heat source mediums are respectively introduced into the heat exchange channels of the charge air heat exchanger and the heat regenerator, wherein the heat exchange channels of the charge air heat exchanger are introduced into the charge air discharged by the cylinder body of the internal combustion engine and are used as the heat source mediums; the circulating working medium in the liquid storage tank respectively enters working medium channels of the charge air heat exchanger and the heat regenerator, and exchanges heat with corresponding heat source media in the charge air heat exchanger and the heat regenerator respectively; the working medium channel outlets of the charge air heat exchanger and the heat regenerator are respectively connected with the working medium inlet of the internal combustion engine cylinder body, and the working medium outlet of the internal combustion engine cylinder body is connected with the inlet of the flash tank, so that the circulating working medium in the charge air heat exchanger and the heat regenerator respectively enter the internal combustion engine cylinder body after exchanging heat, and after exchanging heat with fuel gas in the internal combustion engine cylinder body, the circulating working medium flows out of the internal combustion engine cylinder body to the flash tank; the liquid phase outlet of the flash tank is connected with the inlet of the working medium channel of the exhaust heat exchanger, the heat exchange channel of the exhaust heat exchanger is filled with exhaust gas of the cylinder body of the internal combustion engine as a heat source medium, the outlet of the working medium channel of the exhaust heat exchanger is connected with the inlet of the high-temperature expansion machine, and the outlet of the high-temperature expansion machine is connected with the inlet of the heat exchange channel of the heat regenerator; the gas phase outlet of the flash tank is communicated with the inlet of the low-temperature expander, and the outlet of the heat exchange channel of the heat regenerator and the outlet of the low-temperature expander are respectively communicated with the liquid storage tank; after the circulating working medium is flashed by a flash tank, a liquid phase part is formed by the working medium with high boiling point temperature and enters a working medium channel of an exhaust heat exchanger, the liquid phase part enters a high-temperature expansion machine for expansion work after heat exchange with exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine cylinder body in the exhaust heat exchanger, then the high-temperature expansion machine flows out to a heat exchange channel of a heat regenerator to serve as a heat source medium of the heat exchange channel of the heat regenerator, and a gas phase part is formed by the working medium with low boiling point temperature and enters a low-temperature expansion machine for expansion work; the corresponding working media flowing out of the heat exchange channel of the final heat regenerator and the low-temperature expansion machine respectively enter the liquid storage tank;
the inlet of the heat exchange channel of the charge air heat exchanger is connected with the outlet of a supercharger arranged on the internal combustion engine, the inlet of the supercharger is connected with the outlet of an exhaust turbine arranged on the internal combustion engine, the inlet of the exhaust turbine is connected with the exhaust port of the internal combustion engine cylinder, the outlet of the heat exchange channel of the charge air heat exchanger is connected with the inlet of the internal combustion engine cylinder, thereby forming a loop, the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine cylinder in the loop is sent into the supercharger through the exhaust turbine to be supercharged to form charge air, and the charge air enters the heat exchange channel of the charge air heat exchanger to be used as a heat source medium to finish heat exchange and then returns to the internal combustion engine cylinder;
the exhaust gas of the cylinder body of the internal combustion engine enters the heat exchange channel in the exhaust heat exchanger through the exhaust turbine to be used as a heat source medium to complete heat exchange, and then is discharged to the external environment or enters the external tail gas recovery device;
the mixed working medium replaces the waste heat recovery organic Rankine cycle system of the cylinder liner water of the internal combustion engine, and the system also comprises a low-pressure working medium pump, wherein an inlet of the low-pressure working medium pump is communicated with the interior of the liquid storage tank, an outlet of the low-pressure working medium pump is respectively connected with a working medium channel inlet of the heat regenerator and a working medium channel inlet of the booster air heat exchanger, and the low-pressure working medium pump pumps the circulating working medium in the liquid storage tank into working medium channels of the heat regenerator and the booster air heat exchanger respectively;
the mixed working medium replaces the waste heat recovery organic Rankine cycle system of the cylinder liner water of the internal combustion engine, and also comprises a high-pressure working medium pump, wherein an inlet of the high-pressure working medium pump is connected with a liquid phase outlet of the flash tank, an outlet of the high-pressure working medium pump is connected with a working medium channel inlet of the exhaust heat exchanger, and the high-pressure working medium pump pumps a liquid phase part into a working medium channel of the exhaust heat exchanger;
the mixed working medium replaces the waste heat recovery organic Rankine cycle system of the cylinder liner water of the internal combustion engine, and further comprises a condenser, wherein an outlet of a heat exchange channel of the heat regenerator and an outlet of the low-temperature expansion machine are respectively connected with an inlet of the condenser, an outlet of the condenser is communicated with the liquid storage tank, and corresponding working mediums flowing out of the heat exchange channel of the heat regenerator and the low-temperature expansion machine are respectively cooled by the condenser and then enter the liquid storage tank.
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