CN210033657U - Diesel engine waste heat source recovery system based on carbon dioxide Brayton cycle - Google Patents
Diesel engine waste heat source recovery system based on carbon dioxide Brayton cycle Download PDFInfo
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- CN210033657U CN210033657U CN201920096284.7U CN201920096284U CN210033657U CN 210033657 U CN210033657 U CN 210033657U CN 201920096284 U CN201920096284 U CN 201920096284U CN 210033657 U CN210033657 U CN 210033657U
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- diesel engine
- egr
- flue gas
- temperature
- waste heat
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- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 34
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 4
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
- Y02A30/274—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies using waste energy, e.g. from internal combustion engine
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a based on CO2A Brayton cycle waste heat source recovery system for a heavy duty truck diesel engine comprises CO2Compressor, cylinder liner water preheater, 2 flue gas heat exchangers, heat regenerator, EGR reheater, 2 CO2An expander, a cooler, a turbocharger, an EGR control valve, an intake valve, and the like. The cylinder liner water, the flue gas and the EGR of the diesel engine are used as driving heat sources. Supercritical CO2After being pressurized by a compressor, the mixture is preheated in a cylinder liner water preheater. Preheated CO2Is divided into two paths, one path enters a low-temperature flue gas heat exchanger, the other path enters a heat regenerator, and then two paths of CO enter a low-temperature flue gas heat exchanger2And the gas flows into a high-temperature flue gas heat exchanger to be further heated by the flue gas. High temperature high pressure CO2And the exhaust gas enters an EGR reheater to be heated again after being worked by a high-pressure expansion machine. Reheated CO2By low pressure CO2The expander works and then passes through the heat regenerator and the condenser to complete the whole cycle.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of diesel engine energy saving and emission reduction, concretely relates to based on CO2High-efficient recovery system of multiple surplus heat source of heavy-duty truck diesel engine of brayton cycle.
Background
With the increasing shortage of energy and the increasing severity of environmental problems, the energy conservation and emission reduction of diesel engines are concerned by people in the world. The medium and heavy-duty trucks are large consumers of petroleum consumption, and according to statistics, the heavy trucks which account for 13.9 percent of the total amount of the automobiles in China consume 49.2 percent of the total amount of the petroleum consumption of the automobiles; although the U.S. heavy duty truck accounts for only 4% of the U.S. vehicle reserves, the proportion of oil consumption and greenhouse gas emission reaches 25%. The energy consumption of trucks in all countries of the world is still increasing, and the energy consumption of heavy trucks in the world is estimated to increase 65% by 2040 years, which becomes the largest CO in the transportation industry of the main economic bodies of the world2A source of emissions. Thus improving energy efficiency and reducing CO of heavy-duty trucks2Emissions are highly valued by major countries.
From the energy balance of the current heavy-duty truck diesel engine, the power output power generally only accounts for 30% -45% of the total heat of fuel combustion, except that less than 10% of the power is used for overcoming power loss such as friction, the rest waste heat energy is not utilized, the waste heat energy is mainly discharged into the atmosphere through smoke, cylinder sleeve water, EGR (exhaust gas recirculation) cooling and the like, and the waste heat of heat power conversion is returned to the atmosphere along with the increasingly strict discharge regulations of each country in successionThe technology becomes to improve the energy efficiency of heavy-duty trucks and reduce the fuel consumption and CO2Important route of discharge.
The traditional organic Rankine cycle technology for recycling the waste heat of the diesel engine has the problems of easiness in decomposition of a working medium at high temperature, poor environmental protection performance, high cost of the working medium, large system volume and the like. And CO2The working medium belongs to a natural working medium, has good environmental performance, high thermal stability, no combustion, no explosion and no toxicity, and is considered as an ideal working medium of a power system. Meanwhile, the waste heat recovery system for the heavy-duty truck needs to meet the requirements of miniaturization and light weight. Supercritical CO2The micro-channel heat exchanger has the characteristics of high density and low viscosity, is suitable for realizing micro-channel heat exchange and high-speed expansion, and meets the requirements of small size and light weight of a vehicle system.
On the other hand, the waste heat of the diesel engine of the heavy-duty truck has the characteristics of large temperature difference and multi-grade. Generally, diesel exhaust and EGR temperatures are higher and recovery potential is greater. Although the temperature of the cylinder liner water of the diesel engine is low, the rest heat is large, and the recovery value is high. Aiming at the three main waste heat sources of the heavy-duty truck diesel engine, the traditional waste heat recovery system has a plurality of problems: the method for increasing cylinder liner water preheating through organic Rankine cycle has the defects that the cylinder liner water heat is difficult to fully utilize, a cascade cycle structure is complex, the economic performance is poor, and the method is difficult to install and realize on a heavy-duty truck. Therefore, the key point for improving the energy utilization rate of the heavy-duty truck is to search a circulating system which meets the application conditions aiming at the waste heat characteristics of the diesel engine of the truck.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at overcoming the defects in the prior art and providing a CO-based gas turbine2Brayton cycle diesel engine waste heat source recovery system using CO2The characteristics of the waste heat recovery device are coupled with the characteristics of different waste heat sources of the diesel engine of the heavy-duty truck, and the CO completely recovered from the water waste heat, the smoke waste heat and the EGR waste heat of the cylinder sleeve of the diesel engine of the heavy-duty truck can be realized2The power cycle system can remarkably improve the energy efficiency of the heavy-duty truck and has the potential of large-scale application.
The utility model aims at realizing through the following technical scheme:
based on CO2A Brayton cycle waste heat source recovery system for a heavy duty truck diesel engine comprises CO2The system comprises a compressor, a cylinder sleeve water preheater, a high-temperature flue gas heater, a heat regenerator, a low-temperature flue gas heater, a high-pressure expander, an EGR reheater, a low-pressure expander, a cooler, a diesel engine, a turbocharger, an EGR control valve and an EGR air inlet valve; communicate each other through three-way valve A between cylinder liner water heater, low temperature gas heater and the regenerator, put through three-way valve B between low temperature gas heater, regenerator and the high temperature gas heater and communicate each other, the surplus heat source of recovery system recovery includes and comes from diesel engine flue gas waste heat, and cylinder liner water waste heat and EGR waste heat divide into four return circuits, specifically as follows:
the first loop is as follows: after the cylinder liner water comes out of the diesel engine, supercritical CO close to a critical point is subjected to treatment in a cylinder liner water preheater2Preheating is carried out, and the temperature of the cylinder liner is reduced and then the cylinder liner returns to the diesel engine;
the second loop is as follows: part of the smoke discharged by the diesel engine enters a turbocharger to push a turbine to do work, and part of the smoke after doing work is used for treating all CO in a high-temperature smoke heater2The temperature of the working medium is reduced after being heated, and then the working medium enters a low-temperature flue gas heater to partially CO2The working medium is heated to ensure that the waste heat of the flue gas is completely utilized;
the third loop: part of smoke of the diesel engine is not mixed with diesel engine intake air through a turbocharger to realize diesel engine EGR circulation, high-temperature EGR is cooled before being mixed with the intake air, and the part of cooling energy is used for cooling CO passing through a high-pressure expansion machine in an EGR reheater2The exhaust gas is heated again, and the EGR temperature is reduced and then is controlled by an EGR air inlet valve and an EGR control valve to be mixed with the supercharged diesel engine intake air;
the fourth loop is CO2Main loop of power cycle, CO2The phase change does not occur in the whole circulation process, and the working process is as follows: supercritical CO2By CO2Preheating the compressor by a cylinder sleeve water preheater; preheated CO2The heat recovery device is divided into two paths, one path enters the heat regenerator for heating, the other path is heated by the low-temperature flue gas heater and then two paths are converged and enter the high-temperature flue gas heater for heatingThen CO2After working medium is processed by the high-pressure expander, the working medium is reheated by the EGR reheater, and reheated CO2The working medium is expanded in the low-pressure expander to complete the whole cycle through the heat regenerator and the cooler.
Further, the recovery system operating pressure is less than or equal to 15 MP.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses a beneficial effect that technical scheme brought is:
1. the utility model discloses system make full use of CO2The physical characteristics and the different heat source characteristics of the heavy-duty truck diesel engine can realize the complete utilization and the high-efficiency conversion of the water waste heat of the cylinder sleeve of the heavy-duty truck diesel engine, the flue gas waste heat, the EGR waste heat and the like, thereby obviously improving the energy utilization rate of the heavy-duty truck and improving the original machine efficiency of the diesel engine. The concrete expression is as follows: by using supercritical CO2The characteristic that the specific heat of the working medium is suddenly increased at a near-critical point realizes the complete utilization of the waste heat of the water in the low-temperature cylinder sleeve; the full utilization of the flue gas waste heat is realized by utilizing the connection form that the heat regenerator is connected with the low-temperature flue gas heater in parallel and then connected with the high-temperature flue gas heater in series; and the complete utilization of the waste heat of the EGR is realized by utilizing the connection form of connecting the high-pressure expansion machine with the EGR reheater. Meanwhile, part of components in the system can replace the existing components of the original diesel engine, so that the original engine system does not need to be adjusted too much, and the system is suitable for heavy-duty trucks.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1-a diesel engine; 2-EGR inlet valve; 3-an EGR control valve; 4-a turbocharger; 5-CO2A compressor; 6-cylinder liner water preheater; 7-low temperature flue gas heater; 8-a heat regenerator; 9-high temperature flue gas heater; 10-a high pressure expander; 11-EGR reheater; 12-a low pressure expander; 13-a cooler; 14-three-way valve; 14-1-three-way valve a; 14-2-three-way valve B.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, based on CO2A brayton cycle system for recovering a plurality of waste heat sources of a diesel engine of a heavy duty truck, comprising: diesel engine 1, EGR intake valve 2, EGR control valve 3, turbocharger 4, CO2The system comprises a compressor 5, a cylinder liner water preheater 6, a low-temperature flue gas heater 7, a heat regenerator 8, a high-temperature flue gas heater 9, a high-pressure expander 10, an EGR reheater 11, a low-pressure expander 12, a cooler 13 and a three-way valve 14. The cylinder liner water preheater 6, the low-temperature flue gas heater 7 and the heat regenerator 8 are connected with a three-way valve A14-1 in an indirect mode, and the low-temperature flue gas heater 7, the heat regenerator 8 and the high-temperature flue gas heater 9 are connected with a three-way valve B14-2 in a indirect mode. The working medium used by the system is CO2CO during operation2The device is always operated above a critical point, and no phase change exists in the whole circulation process. The system utilizes supercritical CO2The high-efficiency utilization of the waste heat of the cylinder liner water is realized by matching the specific heat peak value with the cylinder liner water temperature in the near-critical region, so that CO2The outlet of the compressor is in a near critical area, and the system operation pressure is not too high (not more than 15 MPa).
The working principle of the system is as follows: the system operation working medium is supercritical CO2Due to supercritical CO2The system has the advantages that the sudden change of specific heat in a near-critical area is matched with the temperature range of the waste heat of the low-temperature cylinder liner water of the diesel engine, and the efficient and full utilization of the system for the cylinder liner water of the diesel engine is guaranteed. The pressure ratio of the system is small, and the heat efficiency of the system needs to be improved by increasing the regenerative mode. The addition of the heat regenerator 8 limits the utilization of the system to the waste heat of the flue gas, and the complete utilization of the flue gas is realized by a working medium shunting heating mode. CO in regenerator 82Cold side has much larger specific heat capacity than hot side, cold side CO2The temperature difference of the heat regenerator can be effectively reduced by shunting, and the performance of the heat regenerator 8 is improved. The reheating process is completed by high-temperature EGR heat, and the complete utilization of EGR and the further improvement of system output work are realized under the condition of not increasing components.
The heat source of the system is from the waste heat of the smoke of the diesel engine, the waste heat of the water in the cylinder sleeve and the waste heat of the EGR, and the system is provided with four loops, particularly:
the first loop is as follows: the cylinder liner water is discharged from the diesel engine 1 and then enters a cylinder liner water preheater 6Middle to near critical zone CO2Preheating is carried out, and the temperature of the liner water is reduced and then returned to the diesel engine 1.
The second loop is as follows: part of high-temperature flue gas discharged by the diesel engine 1 enters the turbocharger 4 to push the turbine to do work, the flue gas still with higher energy after doing work heats all working media in the high-temperature flue gas heat exchanger 9, then the temperature of the flue gas is reduced, and the flue gas enters the low-temperature flue gas heat exchanger 7 to heat part of the working media, so that the flue gas waste heat is completely utilized.
The third loop: a portion of the flue gas from the diesel engine 1 is not mixed with the diesel engine 1 intake air via the turbocharger 4 to achieve a diesel EGR cycle. The high temperature EGR is cooled before mixing with the intake air, and this cooling energy is used in the EGR reheater 11 to heat the CO passing through the high pressure expander 102The exhaust gas is heated again. The EGR temperature is reduced and then controlled to mix with the supercharged diesel intake air through the EGR intake valve 2.
The fourth loop is CO2Main loop of power cycle, CO2There is no phase change during the entire cycle. The working process is as follows: supercritical CO2By CO2After the compressor 5, the water is preheated by a cylinder liner water preheater 6. Preheated CO2The system is divided into two paths, one path enters a heat regenerator 8 for heating, and the other path is heated by a low-temperature flue gas heater 7 and then two paths are converged and enter a high-temperature flue gas heater 9 for heating. Subsequently, the working medium is reheated by the EGR reheater 11 after being processed by the high-pressure expander 10. The reheated working medium is expanded in the low-pressure expander 12 to work, and then the whole cycle is completed through the heat regenerator 8 and the cooler 13.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The above description of the embodiments is intended to describe and illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and the above embodiments are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Without departing from the spirit of the invention and the scope of the appended claims, the person skilled in the art can make many changes in form and detail within the teaching of the invention.
Claims (2)
1.Based on CO2The Brayton cycle diesel engine waste heat source recovery system is characterized by comprising CO2The system comprises a compressor, a cylinder sleeve water preheater, a high-temperature flue gas heater, a heat regenerator, a low-temperature flue gas heater, a high-pressure expander, an EGR reheater, a low-pressure expander, a cooler, a diesel engine, a turbocharger, an EGR control valve and an EGR air inlet valve; communicate each other through three-way valve A between cylinder liner water heater, low temperature gas heater and the regenerator, put through three-way valve B between low temperature gas heater, regenerator and the high temperature gas heater and communicate each other, the surplus heat source of recovery system recovery includes and comes from diesel engine flue gas waste heat, and cylinder liner water waste heat and EGR waste heat divide into four return circuits, specifically as follows:
the first loop is as follows: after the cylinder liner water comes out of the diesel engine, supercritical CO close to a critical point is subjected to treatment in a cylinder liner water preheater2Preheating is carried out, and the temperature of the cylinder liner is reduced and then the cylinder liner returns to the diesel engine;
the second loop is as follows: part of the smoke discharged by the diesel engine enters a turbocharger to push a turbine to do work, and part of the smoke after doing work is used for treating all CO in a high-temperature smoke heater2The temperature of the working medium is reduced after being heated, and then the working medium enters a low-temperature flue gas heater to partially CO2The working medium is heated to ensure that the waste heat of the flue gas is completely utilized;
the third loop: part of smoke of the diesel engine is not mixed with diesel engine intake air through a turbocharger to realize diesel engine EGR circulation, high-temperature EGR is cooled before being mixed with the intake air, and the part of cooling energy is used for cooling CO passing through a high-pressure expansion machine in an EGR reheater2The exhaust gas is heated again, and the EGR temperature is reduced and then is controlled by an EGR air inlet valve and an EGR control valve to be mixed with the supercharged diesel engine intake air;
the fourth loop is CO2Main loop of power cycle, CO2The phase change does not occur in the whole circulation process, and the working process is as follows: supercritical CO2By CO2Preheating the compressor by a cylinder sleeve water preheater; preheated CO2The heat recovery system is divided into two paths, one path enters a heat regenerator for heating, the other path is heated by a low-temperature flue gas heater and then two paths are converged and enter a high-temperature flue gas heater for heating, and then CO is introduced2After working medium is processed by the high-pressure expander, the working medium is reheated by the EGR reheater, and reheated CO2The working medium is expanded in the low-pressure expander to complete the whole cycle through the heat regenerator and the cooler.
2. The CO-based composition of claim 12The Brayton cycle diesel engine waste heat source recovery system is characterized in that the operating pressure of the recovery system is less than or equal to 15 MPa.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920096284.7U CN210033657U (en) | 2019-01-22 | 2019-01-22 | Diesel engine waste heat source recovery system based on carbon dioxide Brayton cycle |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201920096284.7U CN210033657U (en) | 2019-01-22 | 2019-01-22 | Diesel engine waste heat source recovery system based on carbon dioxide Brayton cycle |
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| CN210033657U true CN210033657U (en) | 2020-02-07 |
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| CN201920096284.7U Withdrawn - After Issue CN210033657U (en) | 2019-01-22 | 2019-01-22 | Diesel engine waste heat source recovery system based on carbon dioxide Brayton cycle |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109931184A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-06-25 | 天津大学 | Diesel residual heat source recovery system based on carbon dioxide Brayton cycle |
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2019
- 2019-01-22 CN CN201920096284.7U patent/CN210033657U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109931184A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-06-25 | 天津大学 | Diesel residual heat source recovery system based on carbon dioxide Brayton cycle |
| CN109931184B (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2024-04-09 | 天津大学 | Diesel engine waste heat source recovery system based on carbon dioxide Brayton cycle |
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