CN115719852A - Passive flame-retardant fire-extinguishing battery box and use method thereof - Google Patents
Passive flame-retardant fire-extinguishing battery box and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115719852A CN115719852A CN202211531057.5A CN202211531057A CN115719852A CN 115719852 A CN115719852 A CN 115719852A CN 202211531057 A CN202211531057 A CN 202211531057A CN 115719852 A CN115719852 A CN 115719852A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention provides a passive flame-retardant fire-extinguishing battery box, which belongs to the technical field of lithium battery boxes and comprises a box body and cover plates, wherein the box body is used for placing a plurality of single batteries of which the upper parts are provided with safety valves, each cover plate comprises a plurality of sub cover plates, the sub cover plates are detachably fixed at the top of the box body, two adjacent sub cover plates are detachably and fixedly connected, hollow cavities are formed in the sub cover plates, flame-retardant liquid with initial pressure is filled in the hollow cavities, hot-melting jet orifices are formed in the surfaces, facing the safety valves, of the sub cover plates, and the melting points of the hot-melting jet orifices are the lowest temperature of gas sprayed out when the single batteries are out of control due to heat.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lithium battery boxes, in particular to a passive flame-retardant fire-extinguishing battery box and a using method thereof.
Background
With the increasing importance of environmental protection, in order to reduce carbon emission, the development of a new energy source is urgently desired in all countries in the world, and the lithium ion battery is widely applied to the fields of electric automobiles, electrochemical energy storage and the like by virtue of the advantages of high energy density, long service life, no memory effect and the like. In recent years, the demand of lithium ion batteries in China is continuously increasing.
However, the lithium ion battery (system) is in a fire and explosion accident, and has become a pain point and a technical bottleneck for the development of new energy vehicles, energy storage and other industries. The lithium ion battery is usually in a sealed environment such as a battery box in the using process, thermal runaway of the lithium ion battery often occurs due to various abuse conditions, a large amount of heat and combustible gas are usually released after the thermal runaway of the battery, fire or explosion accidents are very likely to be caused in a sealed space, the life and property safety of people is seriously threatened, and the safe and healthy development of related industries of the lithium ion battery is hindered.
For the lithium ion battery thermal runaway fire prevention and control in the battery box, heat insulation materials such as aerogel, heat insulation cotton and mica sheets are generally placed among the batteries; or a liquid cooling pipeline and a liquid cooling plate are arranged in the battery box. However, both methods not only take up a lot of space but also consume extra energy to maintain the operation of the liquid cooling, and are difficult to extinguish if the battery is out of control thermally to generate a flame.
In addition, still can install multiple sensor in the battery box and come real-time supervision battery's safe condition, in case detect the action of thermal runaway, will utilize the extinguishing agent pipeline of arranging in advance in the battery box, spray extinguishing agent through outside fire control measure and implement to put out a fire. However, the method usually has the risks of false alarm and false alarm of the sensor, and the fire extinguishing agent spraying facility is difficult to realize accurate inhibition on the battery thermal runaway fire, so that the fire extinguishing efficiency is influenced.
Among the prior art, the utility model patent of publication No. CN215600456 discloses an integration power battery box with fire control function, bottom through at the apron sets up dry powder extinguishing device, dry powder extinguishing device's bottom intermediate junction has the temperature sensing glass pipe, the bottom of temperature sensing glass pipe is connected with the injection nozzle, spout out the dry powder through automated control and put out a fire, the utility model discloses a solve that the power battery incasement can't intelligent sense high temperature or ignition, can not automatic spout the problem that the dry powder put out a fire, but this power battery box's fire prevention fire-retardant measure is too loaded down with trivial details, the extravagant space, the reliability is not high, take place to shift when the injection nozzle and cause easily can't carry out accurate fire extinguishing to thermal runaway's battery cell.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of accurately extinguishing the single battery with thermal runaway in the battery box.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a fire-retardant battery box of putting out a fire of passive form, includes box and apron, the box is used for placing a plurality of upper portion and has safety valve's battery cell, the apron includes a plurality of sub-apron, and is a plurality of sub-apron detachably fixes the top of box, adjacent two sub-apron detachable fixed connection, cavity in the sub-apron inside has, the inside of cavity is filled and is equipped with initial pressure's fire-retardant liquid, sub-apron has the hot melt jet towards safety valve's one side, the melting point of hot melt jet is gaseous minimum temperature of blowout when battery cell takes place the thermal runaway.
Further, the hot melt injection port is positioned right above the safety valve of the single battery.
Further, the hot melt ejection port is funnel-shaped.
Furthermore, two ends of the sub-cover plate in the length direction are respectively provided with a first screw hole, two screw holes are respectively formed in the positions, attached to two wide edges of the sub-cover plate, on the box body, and the sub-cover plate is fixedly installed at the top of the box body through screws.
Furthermore, a through groove is formed in one end of the sub-cover plate in the width direction, and a convex sliding block is arranged at the other end of the sub-cover plate.
Further, the through groove and the sliding block are both T-shaped.
Further, the surface of the sub-cover plate is coated with fireproof paint.
Furthermore, the bottom of the box body is provided with a groove which is matched with the bottom of the single battery in shape.
Furthermore, the box body is of a metal structure with heat conductivity and firmness, and the sub cover plate is of a double-layer sealed structure.
The use method of the passive flame-retardant fire-extinguishing battery box comprises the following steps:
filling flame retardant liquid with initial pressure in hollow cavities of the sub cover plates, assembling a plurality of sub cover plates, and fixedly mounting the assembled sub cover plates on the top of the box body;
step two, when the single battery is out of control due to heat, a safety valve on the single battery is opened, the single battery sprays high-temperature gas or flame, the hot melting material of the hot melting jet orifice is immediately melted, the flame retardant liquid in the hollow cavity is sprayed to the single battery at an initial speed, the flame retardant liquid is contacted with the high-temperature single battery, the flame retardant gas is formed through evaporation to inhibit fire, and meanwhile, the heat of the single battery is absorbed;
and step three, after the flame retardant liquid is sprayed, waiting for the temperature of the high-temperature single battery to drop, checking the conditions of the out-of-control single battery in the box body and the sub-cover plate which is sprayed, disassembling the sub-cover plate which is sprayed, and replacing the sub-cover plate with a new one to be normally used again.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a passive flame-retardant fire-extinguishing battery box and a using method thereof, and the passive flame-retardant fire-extinguishing battery box has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the cover plate is designed into the detachable sub-cover plates with the same number as the single batteries, the fire retardant liquid with certain initial pressure is filled in the hollow cavity of the sub-cover plates, the size of the hot melting jet orifice is suitable and is positioned above the safety valve of the single batteries, the melting point of the hot melting material adopted by the hot melting jet orifice is set as the lowest temperature of the gas sprayed when the single batteries are out of control due to thermal runaway, the internal space of the sub-cover plates can be effectively utilized by placing the fire retardant liquid in the hollow cavity, the fire retardant liquid has certain initial pressure, can be evaporated when meeting flame or high temperature, and can be changed into fire retardant steam when absorbing heat, and the fire retardant liquid can be accurately sprayed to the bottom of the flame at the preset temperature to realize fire extinguishment by arranging the hot melting jet orifice above the safety valve of the single batteries, so that the condition of fire extinguishment failure caused by inaccurate spraying position is effectively avoided.
In addition, only need to change the sub-apron that this monomer battery out of control corresponds after certain battery cell thermal runaway to the sub-apron that changes and get off can recycle, reuse hot melt material encapsulation fire-retardant liquid saves the cost when guaranteeing the inside battery safety of box, adopts the detachable mode to connect between the adjacent sub-apron, is convenient for install or change sub-apron, and it is too loaded down with trivial details to solve current lithium ion battery box fire prevention fire-retardant measure, extravagant space and the not high problem of reliability.
2. According to the invention, the hot melting jet orifice is arranged right above the safety valve of the single battery, and the hot melting jet orifice is arranged in a funnel shape, so that the flame retardant liquid can be more accurately sprayed to the bottom of the flame at a preset temperature to realize fire extinguishment.
3. According to the invention, the single batteries are fixed by arranging the grooves with proper sizes at the bottom of the box body, so that the position deviation of the single batteries caused by the impact force of safe injection in the thermal runaway process can be effectively avoided, the support is provided for the stability of the thermal runaway single batteries, and the convenience is brought to subsequent fire extinguishing.
4. The sub-cover plate is coated with the fireproof coating, so that the response to thermal runaway of each single battery can be realized, the fire can be extinguished, and meanwhile, the hidden fire hazard cannot be brought.
5. According to the invention, the heat conductivity of the box body can timely drain redundant heat when the single battery runs normally, and the firmness of the box body can ensure the structural integrity of the box body when the single battery is out of control due to heat.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the assembled cover plate in a passive fire retardant and extinguishing battery box of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the passive fire retardant and extinguishing battery box of the present invention with the cover plate removed;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the assembled neutron cover plate of the passive fire-retardant fire-extinguishing battery box of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a front view of the assembled neutron cover plate of the passive fire retardant and extinguishing battery box of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the passive fire-retarding and fire-extinguishing battery box of the present invention with the sub-lid removed;
FIG. 6 is a front view of the passive fire-retarding fire-extinguishing battery box of the present invention with the sub-lid removed;
FIG. 7 is a front view of the passive fire retardant and extinguishing battery box of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the housing of the passive fire retardant battery box of the present invention;
in the figure: 10 box bodies, 11 screw holes II, 12 grooves, 21 sub cover plates, 211 hollow cavities, 212 hot melting jet ports, 213 screw holes I, 214 sliding blocks, 215 through grooves, 30 single batteries and 31 safety valves.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described by combining the drawings and the specific embodiments in the specification:
example 1
As shown in fig. 1-2, a passive fire-retardant battery box of putting out a fire, includes box 10 and apron, and box 10 is used for placing a plurality of battery cell 30, and the surface coating of apron has fire retardant coating and can disassemble into a plurality of sub-apron 21, and a plurality of sub-apron 21 detachably fix the top at box 10, and two adjacent sub-apron 21 detachable fixed connection, the quantity and the position of placing of sub-apron 21 correspond with battery cell 30. Battery cell 30 is square battery or cylindrical battery, and has relief valve 31 on the battery cell 30, and the metal structure of box 10 for possessing certain heat conductivity and sturdiness, and the unnecessary heat can in time be arranged away in battery cell 30 normal operating to the heat conductivity of box 10, and the sturdiness of box 10 can guarantee the structural integrity of box 10 when battery cell 30 takes place the thermal runaway.
Through the sub-apron 21 that can assemble and disassemble the apron design for the quantity the same with battery cell 30, sub-apron 21 coating fire retardant coating, can realize the response to every battery cell 30 thermal runaway and guarantee that self can not bring the fire hazard when putting out a fire, only need to change the sub-apron 21 that this battery cell 30 out of control corresponds after certain battery cell 30 thermal runaway, and the sub-apron 21 that changes down can recycle, reuse hot melt material encapsulation fire-retardant liquid, save the cost when guaranteeing the inside battery safety of box 10, adopt the detachable mode to connect between the adjacent sub-apron 21, be convenient for install or change sub-apron 21, every sub-apron 21 all adopts the detachable mode to carry out fixed connection with box 10, can avoid causing sub-apron 21 to misplace when battery cell 30 out of control sprays.
In the embodiment, the single battery 30 is a square battery, the shape of the sub-cover plate 21 is adapted to the shape of the single battery 30, specifically, referring to fig. 3-4, two ends of the sub-cover plate 21 in the length direction are respectively provided with a first screw hole 213, two screw holes 11 are respectively formed in positions of the box body 10, which are attached to two wide sides of the sub-cover plate 21, and the sub-cover plate 21 is fixedly mounted on the top of the box body 10 through screws. Two adjacent sub-apron 21 assemble or dismantle through the mode of sliding embedding, concretely, refer to 5-6, logical groove 215 is seted up to the one end of the width direction of sub-apron 21, with the slider 214 sliding connection of adjacent sub-apron 21, there is protruding slider 214 at the other end of the width direction of sub-apron 21, with the logical groove 215 sliding connection of adjacent sub-apron 21, logical groove 215 and slider 214 all set up to the T type, can guarantee that slider 215 slides smoothly steadily in leading to groove 214, be convenient for assemble or dismantle two adjacent sub-apron 21. It should be noted that the number of the sub-covers 21 is determined according to the number of the single batteries 30 placed inside the case 10, the through slots 215 and the sliding blocks 214 on the sub-covers 21 are determined according to the number of the sub-covers 21 specifically used, the through slot 215 is formed at one end of the sub-cover 21 located in the middle of the cover in the width direction, the sliding block 214 is arranged at the other end of the sub-cover 21, and only the through slot 215 or only the sliding block 214 is arranged at one end of the sub-cover 21 located at the head and tail ends of the cover in the width direction.
As shown in fig. 7, the sub-cover plate 21 is a double-layer sealed structure having a hollow cavity 211 therein, the interior of the hollow cavity 211 is filled with a flame retardant liquid having a certain initial pressure, a hot melt injection port 212 is disposed on a surface of the sub-cover plate 21 facing the safety valve 31 of the battery cell 30, the hot melt injection port 212 is appropriately sized and located above the safety valve 31 of the battery cell 30, and a melting point of a hot melt material used in the hot melt injection port 212 is set as a minimum temperature of a gas to be injected when the battery cell 30 is out of control due to heat. Through placing fire-retardant liquid in cavity 211's inside, can effectively utilize the inner space of subshell plate 21, fire-retardant liquid possesses certain initial pressure, meets flame or high temperature and will evaporate, becomes fire-retardant steam when absorbing heat, sets up hot melt jet 212 through the top at the safety valve 31 of cell 30, can let fire-retardant liquid accurately spout under the temperature of predetermineeing and realize putting out a fire to the flame bottom, effectively avoids spraying the position inaccurate and leads to the condition of putting out a fire failure.
The working principle is as follows: when the thermal runaway of the single battery 30 occurs, the safety valve 31 on the single battery 30 is opened, the single battery 30 sprays high-temperature gas or flame, the melting point of the hot-melt material adopted by the hot-melt jet orifice 212 is the lowest temperature of the sprayed gas when the thermal runaway of the single battery 30 occurs, and the temperature can ensure that when the safety valve 31 of the single battery 30 is opened, the hot-melt material of the hot-melt jet orifice 212 is immediately melted, because the flame-retardant liquid has a certain initial pressure, the flame-retardant liquid inside the hollow cavity 211 can be sprayed to the single battery 30 at a certain initial speed, and the flame-retardant liquid can be vaporized when meeting high temperature, so that the heat of the single battery 30 can be absorbed, the impact when the thermal runaway of the single battery 30 occurs can be avoided, flame-retardant steam can be formed to suppress fire, re-ignition can be prevented, the open flame can be effectively avoided, and the problems that the fire-retardant measures of the conventional lithium ion battery box are too complicated, space waste and low reliability can be solved.
It should be noted that the lowest temperature of the ejected gas when thermal runaway occurs in the single battery 30 is determined according to the single battery 30 in practical use, and the temperature can ensure that the hot-melt material of the hot-melt ejection port 212 is immediately melted when the safety valve 31 of the single battery 30 is opened, and can ensure that the hot-melt material is not melted by the heat of the single battery 30 during normal operation.
Example 2
This example differs from example 1 in that: the hot melt jet orifice 212 in this embodiment is located directly above the safety valve 31 of the single battery 30, and the hot melt jet orifice 212 is set to be funnel-shaped, so that the flame retardant liquid can be more accurately sprayed to the bottom of the flame at a preset temperature to extinguish the fire.
Example 3
The present example differs from example 1 in that: as shown in fig. 8, the bottom of the box 10 in this embodiment has a groove 12 adapted to the bottom of the battery cell 30 in shape, and is used to fix the battery cell 30, and the groove 12 with a suitable size is disposed at the bottom of the box 10 to fix the battery cell 30, so that the position deviation of the battery cell 30 caused by the impact force of the safe injection during the thermal runaway process can be effectively avoided, a support is provided for the stability of the battery cell 30, and convenience is brought to the subsequent fire extinguishing.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a use method of a passive flame-retardant fire-extinguishing battery box, which comprises the following steps:
step one, filling a flame retardant liquid with a certain initial pressure in the hollow cavity 211 of the sub-cover plate 21, assembling the plurality of sub-cover plates 21 through the matching of the through groove 215 on the sub-cover plate 21 and the sliding block 214, and fixing the assembled plurality of sub-cover plates 21 on the top of the box body 10 by using screws through the matching of the screw hole I213 on the sub-cover plate 21 and the screw hole II 11 on the box body 10.
Step two, when the thermal runaway of the single battery 30 occurs, the safety valve 31 on the single battery 30 is opened, the single battery 30 sprays high-temperature gas or flame, the hot melting material of the hot melting spray opening 212 is immediately melted, the flame retardant liquid in the hollow cavity 211 is sprayed to the single battery 30 at a certain initial speed, the flame retardant liquid is contacted with the high-temperature single battery 30, the flame retardant gas is formed through evaporation to suppress fire, and meanwhile, the heat of the single battery 30 is absorbed.
And step three, after the flame retardant liquid is sprayed, waiting for the temperature of the high-temperature single battery 30 to drop, checking the conditions of the out-of-control single battery 30 and the sprayed sub-cover plate 21 in the box body 10, disassembling the screw on the sprayed sub-cover plate 21, disassembling the sprayed sub-cover plate 21 through the matching of the through groove 215 on the sub-cover plate 21 and the sliding block 214, and replacing a new sub-cover plate 21 to be normally used again.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A battery box of fire-retardant fire extinguishing of passive form, its characterized in that includes: box (10) and apron, box (10) are used for placing a plurality of upper portion and have safety valve's battery cell, the apron includes a plurality of sub-apron (21), and is a plurality of sub-apron (21) detachably is fixed the top of box (10), adjacent two sub-apron (21) detachable fixed connection, there is well cavity (211) sub-apron (21) inside, the inside of well cavity (211) is filled and is equipped with initial pressure's fire-retardant liquid, there is hot melt jet orifice (212) sub-apron (21) one side towards safety valve, the melting point of hot melt jet orifice (212) is gaseous minimum temperature of blowout when battery cell takes place the thermal runaway.
2. The passive fire-retardant and fire-extinguishing battery box according to claim 1, characterized in that the hot-melt injection port (212) is positioned right above a safety valve of a single battery.
3. The passive fire-retardant and fire-extinguishing battery box according to claim 2, characterized in that the hot-melt injection ports (212) are funnel-shaped.
4. The passive fire-retardant and fire-extinguishing battery box according to claim 1, wherein two ends of the sub-cover plate (21) in the length direction are respectively provided with a first screw hole (213), the positions of the box body (10) attached to two wide edges of the sub-cover plate (21) are respectively provided with a second screw hole (11), and the sub-cover plate (21) is fixedly mounted at the top of the box body (10) through screws.
5. The passive type fire-retardant and fire-extinguishing battery box according to claim 4, characterized in that one end of the sub-cover plate (21) in the width direction is provided with a through groove (215), and the other end is provided with a convex sliding block (214).
6. The passive fire-retardant and fire-extinguishing battery box according to claim 5, characterized in that the through groove (215) and the sliding block (214) are both T-shaped.
7. The passive fire-retardant and fire-extinguishing battery box according to claim 6, characterized in that the surface of the sub-cover plate (21) is coated with a fire-retardant paint.
8. A passive fire-retardant and fire-extinguishing battery box according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom of the box body (10) is provided with a groove (12) which is adapted to the shape of the bottom of the single battery.
9. The passive fire-retardant and fire-extinguishing battery box according to claim 1, characterized in that the box body (10) is of a metal structure with thermal conductivity and robustness, and the sub-cover plate (21) is of a double-layer sealed structure.
10. Use of a passive fire-retardant and fire-extinguishing battery box according to any of the preceding claims 1-9, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
filling a flame retardant liquid with initial pressure in a hollow cavity (211) of the sub-cover plate (21), assembling a plurality of sub-cover plates (21), and fixedly installing the assembled sub-cover plates (21) at the top of the box body (10);
when the single battery is out of control due to heat, a safety valve on the single battery is opened, the single battery sprays high-temperature gas or flame, the hot melting material of the hot melting jet orifice (212) is immediately melted, the flame retardant liquid in the hollow cavity (211) is sprayed to the single battery at an initial speed, the flame retardant liquid is contacted with the high-temperature single battery, the flame retardant gas is formed through evaporation to inhibit fire, and meanwhile, the heat of the single battery is absorbed;
and step three, after the flame retardant liquid is sprayed, waiting for the temperature of the high-temperature single battery to drop, checking the conditions of the out-of-control single battery in the box body (10) and the sub-cover plate (21) which is sprayed, disassembling the sub-cover plate (21) which is sprayed, and replacing the new sub-cover plate (21) to be normally used again.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211531057.5A CN115719852A (en) | 2022-12-01 | 2022-12-01 | Passive flame-retardant fire-extinguishing battery box and use method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211531057.5A CN115719852A (en) | 2022-12-01 | 2022-12-01 | Passive flame-retardant fire-extinguishing battery box and use method thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN115719852A true CN115719852A (en) | 2023-02-28 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211531057.5A Pending CN115719852A (en) | 2022-12-01 | 2022-12-01 | Passive flame-retardant fire-extinguishing battery box and use method thereof |
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| CN (1) | CN115719852A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117117389A (en) * | 2023-10-24 | 2023-11-24 | 山东中卓环保能源科技有限公司 | New energy storage battery module and wire harness plate assembly thereof |
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2022
- 2022-12-01 CN CN202211531057.5A patent/CN115719852A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117117389A (en) * | 2023-10-24 | 2023-11-24 | 山东中卓环保能源科技有限公司 | New energy storage battery module and wire harness plate assembly thereof |
| CN117117389B (en) * | 2023-10-24 | 2024-01-09 | 山东中卓环保能源科技有限公司 | New energy storage battery module and wire harness plate assembly thereof |
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