CN218632326U

CN218632326U - Passive flame-retardant fire-extinguishing battery box cover plate

Info

Publication number: CN218632326U
Application number: CN202223219874.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 汪书苹; 王青松; 李昌豪; 余胤; 段强领; 高飞; 孙金华; 刘军; 甘德志; 王新建; 刘平
Original assignee: State Grid Corp of China SGCC; China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI; Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Anhui Electric Power Co Ltd; State Grid Anhui Electric Power Co Ltd; Institute of Advanced Technology University of Science and Technology of China
Current assignee: State Grid Corp of China SGCC; China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI; Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Anhui Electric Power Co Ltd; State Grid Anhui Electric Power Co Ltd; Institute of Advanced Technology University of Science and Technology of China
Priority date: 2022-12-01
Filing date: 2022-12-01
Publication date: 2023-03-14
Anticipated expiration: 2032-12-01

Abstract

The utility model provides a fire-retardant battery box apron of putting out a fire of passive form belongs to lithium battery box technical field, including a plurality of sub-apron, two adjacent sub-apron detachable fixed connection, there is well cavity sub-apron inside, the inside of well cavity is filled the fire-retardant liquid that possesses initial pressure, there is the hot melt jet sub-apron towards the safety valve's of battery cell one side, the gaseous minimum temperature of blowout when the melting point of hot melt jet takes place thermal runaway for battery cell, the cavity inside of sub-apron that can assemble and disassemble fills the fire-retardant liquid that possesses initial pressure, meet flame or high temperature and will evaporate, become fire-retardant steam when absorbing the heat, can let fire-retardant liquid accurately spout under the temperature of predetermineeing and realize putting out a fire to the flame bottom.

Description

Passive flame-retardant fire-extinguishing battery box cover plate

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a lithium battery box technical field specifically is a fire-retardant battery box apron of putting out a fire of passive form.

Background

With more and more attention on environmental protection, in order to reduce carbon emission, countries in the world nowadays urgently want to develop a new energy, and lithium ion batteries are widely applied to the fields of electric vehicles, electrochemical energy storage and the like by virtue of the advantages of high energy density, long service life, no memory effect and the like.

However, the lithium ion battery (system) is in a fire and explosion accident, and has become a pain point and a technical bottleneck for the development of new energy vehicles, energy storage and other industries. The lithium ion battery is usually in a sealed environment such as a battery box in the use process, thermal runaway of the lithium ion battery often occurs due to various abuse conditions, a large amount of heat and combustible gas are usually released after the thermal runaway of the battery, fire or explosion accidents are very likely to be caused in a sealed space, the life and property safety of people is seriously threatened, and the safe and healthy development of related industries of the lithium ion battery is hindered.

For the lithium ion battery thermal runaway fire prevention and control in the battery box, heat insulation materials such as aerogel, heat insulation cotton and mica sheets are generally placed among the batteries; or a liquid cooling pipeline and a liquid cooling plate are arranged in the battery box. However, both methods not only take up a lot of space but also consume extra energy to maintain the operation of the liquid cooling, and are difficult to extinguish if the battery is out of control thermally to generate a flame.

In addition, still can install multiple sensor in the battery box and come real-time supervision battery's safe condition, in case detect the action of thermal runaway, will utilize the extinguishing agent pipeline of arranging in advance in the battery box, spray extinguishing agent through outside fire control measure and implement to put out a fire. However, the method usually has the risks of false alarm and false alarm of the sensor, and the fire extinguishing agent spraying facility is difficult to realize accurate inhibition on the battery thermal runaway fire, so that the fire extinguishing efficiency is influenced.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is how to carry out accurate fire extinguishing to the battery cell that takes place the thermal runaway.

The utility model discloses a solve above-mentioned technical problem through following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a fire-retardant battery box apron of putting out a fire of passive form, includes a plurality of subslates, adjacent two subslates detachable fixed connection, there is well cavity in the subslate inside, the inside of well cavity is filled the fire-retardant liquid that possesses initial pressure, there is the hot melt jet in the subslate one side towards the safety valve of single cell, the melting point of hot melt jet is the gaseous minimum temperature of blowout when single cell takes place thermal runaway.

Further, the hot melt injection port is positioned right above the safety valve of the single battery.

Further, the hot melt ejection port is funnel-shaped.

Furthermore, a through groove is formed in one end of the sub-cover plate in the width direction, and a convex sliding block is arranged at the other end of the sub-cover plate.

Furthermore, the through groove and the sliding block are both T-shaped.

Further, the surface of the sub-cover plate is coated with fireproof paint.

Furthermore, the sub-cover plate is of a double-layer closed structure.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model provides a fire-retardant battery box apron of putting out a fire of passive form possesses following

Has the advantages that:

1. the utility model discloses in through the sub-apron that can assemble and remove that the apron design is the same with battery cell's quantity, the inside packing of well cavity of sub-apron possesses the fire-retardant liquid of certain initial pressure, the size of hot melt jet suits and is located battery cell's safety valve's top, the fusing point of the hot melt material that the hot melt jet adopted establishes to be the gaseous minimum temperature of blowout when battery cell takes place the thermal runaway, place the fire-retardant liquid through the inside at well cavity, can effectively utilize the inner space of sub-apron, the fire-retardant liquid possesses certain initial pressure, meet flame or high temperature and will evaporate, become fire-retardant steam when absorbing the heat, set up the jet through the top at battery cell's safety valve, can let the fire-retardant liquid accurately spout under the temperature of predetermineeing and realize putting out a fire to the flame bottom, effectively avoid spouting the position inaccurate and lead to the condition of putting out a fire failure.

In addition, only need change the sub-apron that this monomer battery out of control corresponds after certain battery cell thermal runaway to the sub-apron that changes and get off can recycle, reuse hot melt material encapsulation fire-retardant liquid saves the cost when guaranteeing battery safety, adopts the detachable mode to connect between the adjacent sub-apron, is convenient for install or change sub-apron, solves current lithium ion battery box fire prevention fire-retardant measure too loaded down with trivial details, extravagant space and the not high problem of reliability.

2. The utility model discloses in through setting up the hot melt jet directly over battery cell's safety valve, the hot melt jet sets up to the infundibulate, can let the fire-retardant liquid spout to flame bottom realization put out a fire more accurately under presetting the temperature.

3. The utility model discloses neutron apron coating fire retardant coating can realize guaranteeing self can not bring the conflagration hidden danger to every monomer battery thermal runaway's response and when putting out a fire.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the assembled cover plate in the passive fire-retardant battery box of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the passive fire-retardant battery box with the detached cover plate;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the assembled neutron cover plate of the passive fire-retardant and extinguishing battery box of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a front view of the assembled neutron cover plate of the passive fire-retardant fire-extinguishing battery box of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the passive fire-retardant and fire-extinguishing battery box of the present invention after the neutron cover plate is disassembled;

FIG. 6 is a front view of the passive fire-retardant and fire-extinguishing battery box of the present invention after the neutron cover plate is disassembled;

FIG. 7 is a front view of the passive fire-retardant fire-extinguishing battery box of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the passive fire-retardant battery box of the present invention;

in the figure: 10 boxes, 11 screw holes II, 12 grooves, 21 sub-cover plates, 211 hollow cavities, 212 hot melting jet ports, 213 screw holes I, 214 slide blocks, 215 through grooves, 30 single batteries and 31 safety valves.

Detailed Description

To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention are combined to clearly and completely describe the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention, and obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments of the specification:

example 1

As shown in fig. 1-2, a passive fire-retardant battery box of putting out a fire, includes box 10 and apron, and box 10 is used for placing a plurality of battery cell 30, and the surface coating of apron has fire retardant coating and can disassemble into a plurality of sub-apron 21, and a plurality of sub-apron 21 detachably fix the top at box 10, and two adjacent sub-apron 21 detachable fixed connection, the quantity and the position of placing of sub-apron 21 correspond with battery cell 30. Battery cell 30 is square battery or cylindrical battery, and has relief valve 31 on the battery cell 30, and the metal structure of box 10 for possessing certain heat conductivity and sturdiness, and the unnecessary heat can in time be arranged away in battery cell 30 normal operating to the heat conductivity of box 10, and the sturdiness of box 10 can guarantee the structural integrity of box 10 when battery cell 30 takes place the thermal runaway.

Through the sub-apron 21 that can assemble and disassemble the apron design for the quantity the same with battery cell 30, sub-apron 21 coating fire retardant coating, can realize the response to every battery cell 30 thermal runaway and guarantee that self can not bring the fire hazard when putting out a fire, only need to change the sub-apron 21 that this battery cell 30 out of control corresponds after certain battery cell 30 thermal runaway, and the sub-apron 21 that changes down can recycle, reuse hot melt material encapsulation fire-retardant liquid, save the cost when guaranteeing the inside battery safety of box 10, adopt the detachable mode to connect between the adjacent sub-apron 21, be convenient for install or change sub-apron 21, every sub-apron 21 all adopts the detachable mode to carry out fixed connection with box 10, can avoid causing sub-apron 21 to misplace when battery cell 30 out of control sprays.

In the embodiment, the single battery 30 is a square battery, the shape of the sub-cover plate 21 is adapted to the shape of the single battery 30, specifically, referring to fig. 3-4, two ends of the sub-cover plate 21 in the length direction are respectively provided with a first screw hole 213, two screw holes 11 are respectively formed in positions of the box body 10, which are attached to two wide sides of the sub-cover plate 21, and the sub-cover plate 21 is fixedly mounted on the top of the box body 10 through screws. The two adjacent sub-cover plates 21 are assembled or disassembled in a sliding and embedding manner, specifically, referring to fig. 5-6, one end of the sub-cover plate 21 in the width direction is provided with a through groove 215, and is in sliding connection with a sliding block 214 of the adjacent sub-cover plate 21, the other end of the sub-cover plate 21 in the width direction is provided with a convex sliding block 214, and is in sliding connection with the through groove 215 of the adjacent sub-cover plate 21, and the through groove 215 and the sliding block 214 are both T-shaped, so that the sliding block 215 can be ensured to smoothly and stably slide in the through groove 214, and the two adjacent sub-cover plates 21 can be assembled or disassembled conveniently. It should be noted that the number of the sub-covers 21 is determined according to the number of the single batteries 30 placed inside the case 10, the through slots 215 and the sliding blocks 214 on the sub-covers 21 are determined according to the number of the sub-covers 21 specifically used, the through slot 215 is formed at one end of the sub-cover 21 located in the middle of the cover in the width direction, the sliding block 214 is arranged at the other end of the sub-cover 21, and only the through slot 215 or only the sliding block 214 is arranged at one end of the sub-cover 21 located at the head and tail ends of the cover in the width direction.

As shown in fig. 7, the sub-cover plate 21 is a double-layer sealed structure having a hollow cavity 211 therein, the interior of the hollow cavity 211 is filled with a flame retardant liquid having a certain initial pressure, a hot melt injection port 212 is disposed on a surface of the sub-cover plate 21 facing the safety valve 31 of the battery cell 30, the hot melt injection port 212 is appropriately sized and located above the safety valve 31 of the battery cell 30, and a melting point of a hot melt material used in the hot melt injection port 212 is set as a minimum temperature of a gas to be injected when the battery cell 30 is out of control due to heat. Through placing the fire-retardant liquid in cavity 211's inside, can effectively utilize the inner space of sub-apron 21, the fire-retardant liquid possesses certain initial pressure, meet flame or high temperature and will evaporate, become fire-retardant steam when absorbing the heat, top through the safety valve 31 at cell 30 sets up hot melt jet 212, can let the fire-retardant liquid accurately spout under the temperature of predetermineeing and realize putting out a fire to the flame bottom, effectively avoid spraying the position inaccurate and lead to the condition of putting out a fire failure.

The working principle is as follows: when the thermal runaway of the single battery 30 occurs, the safety valve 31 on the single battery 30 is opened, the single battery 30 sprays high-temperature gas or flame, the melting point of the hot-melt material adopted by the hot-melt jet orifice 212 is the lowest temperature of the sprayed gas when the thermal runaway of the single battery 30 occurs, and the temperature can ensure that when the safety valve 31 of the single battery 30 is opened, the hot-melt material of the hot-melt jet orifice 212 is immediately melted, because the flame-retardant liquid has a certain initial pressure, the flame-retardant liquid inside the hollow cavity 211 can be sprayed to the single battery 30 at a certain initial speed, and the flame-retardant liquid can be vaporized when meeting high temperature, so that the heat of the single battery 30 can be absorbed, the impact when the thermal runaway of the single battery 30 occurs can be avoided, flame-retardant steam can be formed to suppress fire, re-ignition can be prevented, the open flame can be effectively avoided, and the problems that the fire-retardant measures of the conventional lithium ion battery box are too complicated, space waste and low reliability can be solved.

It should be noted that the lowest temperature of the ejected gas when thermal runaway occurs in the single battery 30 is determined according to the single battery 30 in practical use, and the temperature can ensure that the hot-melt material of the hot-melt ejection port 212 is immediately melted when the safety valve 31 of the single battery 30 is opened, and can ensure that the hot-melt material is not melted by the heat of the single battery 30 during normal operation.

Example 2

This example differs from example 1 in that: the hot melt jet orifice 212 in this embodiment is located directly above the safety valve 31 of the single battery 30, and the hot melt jet orifice 212 is set to be funnel-shaped, so that the flame retardant liquid can be more accurately sprayed to the bottom of the flame at a preset temperature to extinguish the fire.

Example 3

This example differs from example 1 in that: as shown in fig. 8, the bottom of the box 10 in this embodiment has a groove 12 adapted to the bottom of the battery cell 30 in shape, and is used to fix the battery cell 30, and the groove 12 with a suitable size is disposed at the bottom of the box 10 to fix the battery cell 30, so that the position deviation of the battery cell 30 caused by the impact force of the safe injection during the thermal runaway process can be effectively avoided, a support is provided for the stability of the battery cell 30, and convenience is brought to the subsequent fire extinguishing.

Example 4

The embodiment provides a use method of a passive flame-retardant fire-extinguishing battery box, which comprises the following steps:

step one, filling a flame retardant liquid with a certain initial pressure in the hollow cavity 211 of the sub-cover plate 21, assembling the plurality of sub-cover plates 21 through the matching of the through groove 215 on the sub-cover plate 21 and the sliding block 214, and fixing the assembled plurality of sub-cover plates 21 on the top of the box body 10 by using screws through the matching of the screw hole I213 on the sub-cover plate 21 and the screw hole II 11 on the box body 10.

Step two, when the thermal runaway of the single battery 30 occurs, the safety valve 31 on the single battery 30 is opened, the single battery 30 sprays high-temperature gas or flame, the hot melting material of the hot melting spray opening 212 is immediately melted, the flame retardant liquid in the hollow cavity 211 is sprayed to the single battery 30 at a certain initial speed, the flame retardant liquid is contacted with the high-temperature single battery 30, the flame retardant gas is formed through evaporation to suppress fire, and meanwhile, the heat of the single battery 30 is absorbed.

And step three, after the injection of the flame retardant liquid is finished, waiting for the temperature of the high-temperature single battery 30 to drop, checking the conditions of the out-of-control single battery 30 and the sub-cover plate 21 which is subjected to the injection in the box body 10, detaching the screw on the sub-cover plate 21 which is subjected to the injection, detaching the sub-cover plate 21 which is subjected to the injection through the matching of the through groove 215 on the sub-cover plate 21 and the sliding block 214, and replacing a new sub-cover plate 21 to be normally used again.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention in its corresponding aspects.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a battery box apron of passive form fire-retardant fire extinguishing, its characterized in that includes a plurality of sub-apron (21), adjacent two sub-apron (21) detachable fixed connection, cavity (211) in sub-apron (21) inside has, the inside of cavity (211) is filled and is possessed initial pressure's fire-retardant liquid, sub-apron (21) have hot melt jet orifice (212) towards the one side of cell's safety valve, the melting point of hot melt jet orifice (212) is gaseous minimum temperature of blowout when cell takes place thermal runaway.

2. The passive fire-retardant and fire-extinguishing battery box cover plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the hot melt injection port (212) is positioned right above a safety valve of a single battery.

3. The passive fire retardant and extinguishing battery box cover plate according to claim 2, characterized in that the hot melt injection ports (212) are funnel-shaped.

4. The passive type fire-retardant and fire-extinguishing battery box cover plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein one end of the sub-cover plate (21) in the width direction is provided with a through groove (215), and the other end is provided with a convex sliding block (214).

5. The passive fire-retardant and extinguishing battery box cover plate according to claim 4, characterized in that the through groove (215) and the sliding block (214) are both T-shaped.

6. Passive fire-retardant and extinguishing battery box cover plate according to claim 5, characterized in that the surface of the sub-cover plate (21) is coated with a fire-retardant paint.

7. The passive fire-retardant and fire-extinguishing battery box cover plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the sub-cover plate (21) is a double-layer closed structure.