CN115693159A - Broadband dual-polarization four-ridge feed circular waveguide horn feed source - Google Patents
Broadband dual-polarization four-ridge feed circular waveguide horn feed source Download PDFInfo
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- CN115693159A CN115693159A CN202211311685.2A CN202211311685A CN115693159A CN 115693159 A CN115693159 A CN 115693159A CN 202211311685 A CN202211311685 A CN 202211311685A CN 115693159 A CN115693159 A CN 115693159A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a broadband dual-polarization four-ridge feed circular waveguide horn feed source, wherein a feed cavity has smaller electrical size and realizes high-order mode suppression, and a ridge waveguide part is matched with the outer wall of the feed cavity and adopts a structure of a ridge curve and two transition sections, so that the working bandwidth can be effectively expanded, and the voltage standing wave ratio is reduced; the feed probe adopts a coaxial cable connected with two standard coaxial connectors; a circular waveguide transition section from the feed cavity to the feed radiation section adopts a smaller horn opening angle, so that the phase difference of a high-frequency oral surface field is further reduced; the feed source adopts the loudspeaker design of the axial groove, can realize the wave beam with broadband equalization, stable phase center and low cross polarization, and optimize the back feed source full frequency band to realize the voltage standing wave ratio less than 1.5. The four-ridge horn feed source has the outstanding advantages of simple structure, small volume, light weight and low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of compact range feed sources, in particular to a broadband dual-polarization four-ridge feed circular waveguide horn feed source.
Background
With the continuous development of compact range technology, the demand of compact range for miniaturization of the feed source is continuously increased. The original standard wave band feed source adopts a scheme that a waveguide coaxial transition is connected with a feed source radiation section through a rectangular-circular transition, and the scheme cannot meet the requirement of compact range measurement due to overlarge physical size at a low frequency band. The miniaturization of the feed source broadband is a necessary direction for development in the future. Although there are many types of miniaturized feeds that have a wide impedance bandwidth and are potentially used as compact range feeds, the compact range feed requires a sufficiently wide beam width of the feed, and the beam width of the ridge waveguide horn feed decreases with increasing frequency, so that the ridge waveguide horn feed cannot be directly applied. It is very necessary to design the feed finely for compact ranges.
The feed source is a core component of the reflector antenna, the reflector antenna has the advantages of simple system, low cost and easy realization of ultrahigh gain, and has great theoretical and engineering significance for researching the feed source of the ultra-wide band along with the increasing urgent requirements of the national economy field and the military and national defense field on the reflector antenna system with wide band and high efficiency. The broadband dual-polarized feed source provided by the invention mainly comprises a corrugated horn and a four-ridge horn. The corrugated horn was originally proposed by scholars in 1966, such as a.j.simons and r.e.lawrie, and has excellent properties of low sidelobe level, low cross polarization, axial symmetry of amplitude phase with respect to the antenna structure, and the like. The four-ridge horn feed source is characterized in that two pairs of mutually perpendicular ridges are inserted into the traditional horn feed source, so that the internal field distribution of the horn feed source is changed, the main mode cutoff frequency is reduced, and the ultra-wide band work is realized. The four-ridge horn feed source has the characteristics of wide working bandwidth, simple feed mode and the like. However, the conventional four-ridge horn feed source has a large horn section size at an aperture position and a small horn section size at a feed position, which is mainly because the four-ridge waveguide must be matched with the increase of the horn size in the expanding process to ensure that a main mode is in a non-cutoff state in a broadband. In order to ensure the beam width of the feed source, the mouth surface of the horn is not obviously increased at the transition ending position of the four-ridge waveguide, which brings great difficulty to the design.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the problems: the broadband dual-polarization four-ridge feed circular waveguide horn feed source overcomes the defects of the prior art, two transition sections are added on the basis of ridge waveguide curves, broadband standing wave matching is obviously improved, wide beam radiation of the whole feed source in broadband is guaranteed, and the broadband dual-polarization four-ridge feed circular waveguide horn feed source has the advantages of being simple in structure, small in return loss, small in size, low in cost and the like.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a broadband dual-polarization four-ridge feed circular waveguide horn feed source comprises a short circuit plate, a feed cavity, four ridges adopting specific ridge curves, two SMA joints and an axial circular waveguide double-groove corrugated horn; the front end of the circular wall of the feed cavity is connected with the axial circular waveguide double-groove corrugated horn; four ridges adopting specific ridge curves are respectively arranged on the circular wall of the feed cavity, two ridges adopting SMA joints sequentially penetrate through the feed cavity and two vertical ridges in the four ridges adopting the specific ridge curves and are in contact with the other two opposite ridges in the four ridges adopting the specific ridge curves; the design of the four-ridge and double-groove horn realizes low standing wave ratio, namely the ratio of the antinode voltage to the valley voltage amplitude of the transmission line, and better wave beam width (more than 48 degrees). The feed source has the working frequency of 2.6-3.95GHz and is broadband, dual polarization, namely vertical polarization and horizontal polarization, and dual polarization is completed through two sma interfaces and four ridges.
In the broadband dual-polarization four-ridge feed circular waveguide horn feed source, the horn part is an axial circular waveguide double-groove corrugated horn, and the length is 0.65-0.85 lambda c In which λ is c The diameter of the inner wall of the axial circular waveguide double-groove corrugated horn is 0.65-0.85 lambda and is the wavelength corresponding to the lowest working frequency c To (c) to (d); the opening angle of the feed cavity is 3-6 degrees, and the width is 2.15-2.35 lambda c The diameter of the front end of the cavity wall is the same as that of the horn when the front end of the cavity wall is matched with the horn, and the width of the rear cavity (non-opening angle part) of the feed cavity is 0.22-0.31 lambda c In the meantime.
In the broadband dual-polarization four-ridge feed circular waveguide horn feed source, the thickness of the ridge waveguide ridge is 0.065-0.085 lambda c mm, the distance between two ridges of the horn ridge waveguide part is 0.02-0.04 lambda c The distance between the two semi-rigid coaxial cable feed connectors connected by the SMA connector and the short circuit board is 0.13-0.2 lambda respectively c In the meantime.
In the broadband dual-polarization four-ridge feed circular waveguide horn feed source, the ridge is shown in fig. 3, wherein the ridge curve is divided into two parts, namely a part a and a part b. Where a is the portion of the exponential curve whose equation is: y =1.75e ^ (0.016 x) +0.04x. Part b is a transition section and is divided into two sections, and the total length of the two sections is 0.6 to 0.7 lambda c Wherein c is 0.3 to 0.4 lambda in length c D width is 0.01-0.1 lambda c In between.
In the broadband dual-polarization four-ridge feed circular waveguide horn feed source, the distance between a ridge (such as 4-1 and 4-2 in figure 1) and the plane of the short circuit board (1) close to the ridge side is 0.1-0.16 lambda c The distance between the ridge (4-3 and 4-4 in figure 2) and the plane of the short-circuit board (1) close to the ridge side is 0.11-0.17 lambda c In the meantime.
In the broadband dual-polarization four-ridge feed circular waveguide horn feed source, metals are selected from: aluminum, iron, tin, copper, silver, gold, platinum, and alloys of the foregoing.
The principle of the invention is as follows: the invention relates to a broadband feed source for compact range test. The feed source can enable the main mode characteristic impedance of the ridge waveguide and the characteristic impedance of the coaxial line to achieve a very good matching effect through a specific ridge curve (comprising an index curve and a transition section) and an opening angle of the cavity, effectively reduce the cut-off frequency of the main mode, and greatly reduce the return loss of the horn, thereby improving the standing wave performance of the horn and expanding the working bandwidth of the horn; and the whole feed part is a machined part, so that the cost is greatly reduced. By setting ridge curve parameters (parameters of a ridge curve equation and the size of a transition section), the length of the antenna is reduced to the maximum extent, and the volume of the antenna is effectively reduced. The feed probe adopts two semisteel coaxial cable electric connectors connected through the SMA connector, and meanwhile, the inner conductor of the feed probe is improved, the extending diameter and the extending length of the inner conductor are changed, and the feed source processing and assembling are facilitated. The two feed probes are vertically arranged and respectively correspond to two polarizations of the feed source.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) The invention introduces the four-ridge sheet with the ridge curve in a specific shape (the specific ridge curve is matched with the transition section) in combination with the requirement of a compact field on the feed source antenna, widens the working frequency band of the four-ridge horn feed source, and greatly reduces the standing wave. Most feed source antennas at present adopt ridge curves of exponential curves, and standing wave ratio is high.
(2) The invention realizes dual-polarized low-standing wave work in the frequency range of 2.6-3.95GHz by introducing the scheme of the four-ridge circular waveguide corrugated horn in the feed source antenna design, greatly improves the test efficiency, and the majority of the existing feed sources are single-polarized, and the dual-polarized standing wave can not meet the test requirement.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a vertical section of a structure of a broadband dual-polarization four-ridge feed circular waveguide horn feed source of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a transverse cross section of a structure of a broadband dual-polarization four-ridge feed circular waveguide horn feed source of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a ridge structure of a broadband dual-polarization four-ridge feed circular waveguide horn feed source of the present invention;
the reference numerals in the figures mean:
1 is a short circuit board, 2-1 and 2-2 are two SMA joints respectively, 3 is a feed cavity, 4-1,4-2,4-3 and 4-4 are four ridges adopting specific ridge curves respectively, and 5 is an axial circular waveguide double-groove corrugated horn. Fig. 3 shows the profile of the ridge, and the profiles of the four ridge pieces are as shown in fig. 3, and 4-1,4-2,4-3 and 4-4 are the same.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
According to the invention, the four-ridge horn antenna has good impedance bandwidth and good return loss, the designed ridge waveguide horn can obtain the impedance bandwidth as wide as possible in the polarization direction through the design of key dimensions such as the opening surface dimension, the axial length, the ridge distance, the ridge waveguide thickness, the ridge curve, the ridge waveguide dimension, the ridge and back cavity distance and the like of the ridge waveguide horn, so that the low-frequency cut-off frequency of the ridge waveguide horn is reduced, and the standing-wave ratio is effectively reduced under the condition of ensuring the bandwidth through reasonably designing the ridge shape.
According to the concept of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, taking 2.6 to 3.95GHz frequency as an example, firstly, the size and length of the mouth surface of the four-ridge horn antenna are basically determined, the size of the mouth surface is mainly determined by the lowest frequency, the mouth surface of the traditional four-ridge horn needs to be larger than half of the lowest working frequency, the mouth surface is selected to be larger than 58mm, the length of the corresponding antenna is selected according to the principle of the optimal horn design, meanwhile, the phase difference of the mouth surface is considered to be as small as possible, and the diameter of the inner wall of the axial circular waveguide double-groove corrugated horn 5 is 0.65 to 0.85 lambda c To (c) to (d); the opening angle of the feed cavity 3 is between 3 and 6 degrees.
Selecting a main mode TE of the ridge waveguide according to a magnetic field integral equation method provided by BALANIS 10 The range of the single-mode working frequency band is 1 GHz-6 GHz, and the thickness of four ridges 4-1,4-2,4-3 and 4-4 adopting specific ridge curves is determined to be 0.065-0.085 lambda c mm, the distance between two ridges of the horn ridge waveguide part is 0.02-0.04 lambda c The distances between the semi-rigid coaxial cable feed joints connected by the two SMA joints 2-1 and 2-2 and the short-circuit board are optimally designed to reduce the standing-wave ratio to the maximum extent, and the distances between the semi-rigid coaxial cable feed joints connected by the two SMA joints 2-1 and 2-2 and the short-circuit board are respectively 0.13-0.2 lambda c In between.
The ridge curve adopts a mode of matching an exponential curve with a transition section, as shown in fig. 3, wherein the exponential curve part adopts a curve equation as follows: y = Ae (B*x) + c x, wherein a takes on half the distance between two ridges. Optimizing the curve by simulation to finally determine that the ridge curve equation is y =1.75e ^ (0.016 x) +0.04x, and determining that the part b is a transition section by simulation optimization, wherein the transition section is divided into two sections, and the total length of the transition section is 0.6-0.7 lambda c Wherein c is 0.3 to 0.4 lambda in length c D width is 0.01-0.1 lambda c In the meantime. In order to match with the feed cavity 3, the matching part of the four ridges and the feed cavity 3 needs to be rounded, certain errors exist in antenna processing in practical engineering, and the phase needs to be given in designDue to the existence of machining errors, good electric contact between the four ridges 4-1,4-2,4-3 and 4-4 adopting the specific ridge curves and the rear cavity is difficult to guarantee, and both simulation and experiments prove that if the four ridges 4-1,4-2,4-3 and 4-4 adopting the specific ridge curves do not have good electric contact with the rear cavity, the standing wave of the ridge horn is greatly influenced. Therefore, in the design, four ridges 4-1,4-2,4-3 and 4-4 adopting specific ridge curves are connected with the feed cavity in a mode of fixing by a plurality of screws, so that the ridges are in good electric contact with the cavity.
The cavity size design is mainly based on the standing wave optimization of the axial circular waveguide double-groove corrugated horn, and in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the opening angle of the feed cavity 3 is 3-6 DEG, and the width is 2.15-2.35 lambda c The front end of the wall of the feed cavity 3 is matched with the axial circular waveguide double-groove corrugated horn 5, the front end has the same circular diameter as the horn, and the rear cavity width of the feed cavity 3 is 0.22-0.31 lambda c In between.
In order to realize better beam characteristics of the feed source, an axial circular waveguide double-groove corrugated horn 5 is adopted, so that the beam width of the feed source is larger.
The improved four-ridge horn feed source processing can adopt metals with good electric conduction such as aluminum, copper and the like, and as a preferred embodiment, hard aluminum is adopted as a processing material.
The invention relates to a broadband dual-polarization four-ridge feed circular waveguide horn feed source which can be used as a compact range transmitting feed source and a compact range receiving feed source. The device is mainly used for the conventional test of compact ranges, can be used as an antenna and an RCS (radar cross section) measuring system feed source of the compact ranges, and can also be used as a test probe of the quiet zone of the compact ranges, thereby realizing high-efficiency quiet zone test.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a four spine feed circular waveguide horn feed of broadband double polarization which characterized in that: the double-groove corrugated horn comprises a short circuit plate (1), a feed cavity (3), four ridges (4-1,4-2,4-3,4-4) adopting specific ridge curves, two SMA joints (2-1 and 2-2) and an axial circular waveguide double-groove corrugated horn (5); the front end of the circular wall of the feed cavity (3) is connected with an axial circular waveguide double-groove corrugated horn (5); four ridges (4-1,4-2,4-3,4-4) adopting a specific ridge curve are respectively installed on the circular wall of the feeding cavity (3), two SMA electric connectors (2-1 and 2-2) sequentially pass through the feeding cavity (3) and two vertical ridges (4-1,4-2) in the four ridges (4-1,4-2,4-3,4-4) adopting the specific ridge curve and are in contact with the other two opposite ridges (4-3,4-4) in the four ridges (4-1,4-2,4-3,4-4) adopting the specific ridge curve.
2. The broadband dual-polarization four-ridge feed circular waveguide horn feed source of claim 1, wherein: the length range of the axial circular waveguide double-groove corrugated horn (5) is 0.65-0.85 lambda c The diameter range of the inner wall of the axial circular waveguide double-groove corrugated horn is 0.65-0.85 lambda c ，λ c The wavelength corresponding to the lowest operating frequency.
3. The broadband dual-polarization four-ridge feed circular waveguide horn feed source of claim 1, wherein: the field angle range of the feed cavity (3) is 3-6 degrees, and the length is 2.15-2.35 lambda c ，λ c The wavelength corresponding to the lowest operating frequency.
4. The feed source of the broadband dual-polarization four-ridge feed circular waveguide horn of claim 1, wherein: the thickness range of the four ridges (4-1,4-2,4-3,4-4) adopting the special ridge curve is 0.065-0.085 lambda c The distance between two vertical ridges (4-1,4-2) is 0.02-0.04 lambda c The minimum distance between two opposite ridges (4-3,4-4) is 0.11-0.17 lambda c 。
5. The broadband dual-polarization four-ridge feed circular waveguide horn feed source of claim 1, wherein: of the four ridges adopting the special ridge curve, the distance between four ridges and the short circuit board is 0.1-0.16 lambda c 。
6. The broadband dual-polarization four-ridge feed circular waveguide horn feed source of claim 1, wherein: the ridge curve of the four ridges adopting the specific ridge curve is divided into two parts including an exponential curve and a straight lineThe line transition section comprises two parts, and the exponential curve part equation is as follows: y =1.75e ^ (0.016 x) +0.04x; the transition section is divided into two sections, and the total length range is 0.6-0.7 lambda c Wherein the length of one section is in the range of 0.3-0.4 lambda c The width range is 0.01-0.1 lambda c ，λ c The wavelength corresponding to the lowest working frequency; the combination of the exponential curve and the straight transition section effectively reduces the standing-wave ratio of the feed source antenna.
7. The broadband dual-polarization four-ridge feed circular waveguide horn feed source of claim 1, wherein: the distances between the two SMA joints (2-1 and 2-2) and the short circuit board (1) are respectively 0.13-0.2 lambda c 。
8. The broadband dual-polarization four-ridge feed circular waveguide horn feed source of claim 1, wherein: the broadband dual-polarization four-ridge feed circular waveguide horn feed source is composed of metals selected from the following: aluminum, iron, tin, copper, silver, gold, platinum, and alloys of the foregoing.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116581550A (en) * | 2023-07-11 | 2023-08-11 | 银河航天(西安)科技有限公司 | Feed source assembly and feed source system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116581550A (en) * | 2023-07-11 | 2023-08-11 | 银河航天(西安)科技有限公司 | Feed source assembly and feed source system |
| CN116581550B (en) * | 2023-07-11 | 2023-11-24 | 银河航天(西安)科技有限公司 | Feed source assembly and feed source system |
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