CN216928936U - Vivaldi antenna - Google Patents
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- CN216928936U CN216928936U CN202220241836.0U CN202220241836U CN216928936U CN 216928936 U CN216928936 U CN 216928936U CN 202220241836 U CN202220241836 U CN 202220241836U CN 216928936 U CN216928936 U CN 216928936U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a Vivaldi antenna, which comprises a dielectric plate, a metal patch and a microstrip feeder line; the metal patch is arranged on one side of the dielectric plate and comprises a ground plate, antenna radiation arms and extension patches, the ground plate is connected with the two antenna radiation arms, the two extension patches are respectively connected with the two antenna radiation arms, the ground plate is provided with a circular groove and a vertical groove, a central groove is formed between the two antenna radiation arms, and a first edge gradual change groove and a second edge gradual change groove are formed in one side, away from the central groove, of each antenna radiation arm; the microstrip feeder is arranged on the other side of the dielectric plate. According to the utility model, the first edge gradient groove and the second edge gradient groove are respectively arranged in the antenna radiation arms at two sides of the central groove, so that the electrical size of the Vivaldi antenna can be effectively prolonged, the cut-off frequency can be effectively reduced, the electrical size of the Vivaldi antenna can be further prolonged by additionally arranging the extension patch, and the performance of radiating electromagnetic energy can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a Vivaldi antenna.
Background
The Vivaldi antenna is a slot microstrip antenna which controls electromagnetic waves to radiate electromagnetic energy from one end of a slot to an open end by using an exponential-shaped slot structure. The Vivaldi antenna is a type of antenna widely applied in an ultra-wideband antenna, and antennas used by a plurality of medical microwave imaging systems are Vivaldi antennas; in another example, the microwave test field requires measurement of multiple antennas, and therefore a wider frequency band is required, and most of the antennas used are Vivaldi antennas.
In the related art, the Vivaldi antenna mainly comprises a dielectric plate, a metal grounding plate and a feeder line, wherein a circular groove and a groove line are arranged in the metal grounding plate, and the feeder line is used for coupling and feeding the groove line of the metal grounding plate through the dielectric plate, so that electromagnetic energy is radiated, the limitation of electric size is realized, and the Vivaldi antenna has the problem of high cut-off frequency.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the utility model provides a Vivaldi antenna which can reduce the cut-off frequency and improve the performance of the antenna for radiating electromagnetic energy.
The Vivaldi antenna comprises a dielectric plate, a metal patch and a microstrip feeder line; the metal patch is arranged on one side of the dielectric plate and comprises a ground plate, antenna radiation arms and extension patches, the ground plate is connected with the two antenna radiation arms, the two extension patches are respectively connected with the two antenna radiation arms, the ground plate is provided with a circular groove and a vertical groove, a horn-shaped central groove is arranged between the two antenna radiation arms, the vertical groove is communicated with the circular groove and the central groove, and a first edge gradual change groove and a second edge gradual change groove are arranged on one side, away from the central groove, of each antenna radiation arm; the microstrip feeder is arranged on the other side of the dielectric plate.
The Vivaldi antenna according to the embodiment of the utility model has at least the following beneficial effects: all set up first edge gradual change groove and second edge gradual change groove in the antenna radiation arm of center slot both sides, can divide into the antenna radiation arm three-lobe, can effectively prolong Vivaldi antenna's electric dimension, and then adjust the resonant frequency of antenna, finally can effectively reduce cutoff frequency, can further prolong Vivaldi antenna's electric dimension through addding the extension paster, can further reduce cutoff frequency, improve the performance of radiation electromagnetic energy.
According to some embodiments of the Vivaldi antenna of the present invention, the central slot gradually expands along a central radiation direction, the first edge-tapered slot gradually curves away from the vertical slot along the central radiation direction, the second edge-tapered slot gradually curves away from the vertical slot along the central radiation direction, the central radiation direction is parallel to the vertical slot, and the central radiation direction is from the ground plane toward the antenna radiation arm.
According to some embodiments of the Vivaldi antenna of the present invention, opposite edges of the central slot are provided with first curved slot lines, opposite edges of the first edge-graded slot are respectively a second curved slot line and a third curved slot line, and opposite edges of the second edge-graded slot are respectively a fourth curved slot line and a fifth curved slot line; the first curved slot line, the second curved slot line, the third curved slot line, the fourth curved slot line and the fifth curved slot line are respectively function curves of different exponential functions.
According to some embodiments of the Vivaldi antenna of the present invention, an edge of a side of the antenna radiating arm away from the central slot is a sixth meandering slot line.
According to some embodiments of the Vivaldi antenna of the present invention, the sixth curved slot line is a function curve of an elliptical function.
According to some embodiments of the Vivaldi antenna of the present invention, the elongated patch is connected to an end of the radiating arm of the antenna remote from the ground plane.
According to some embodiments of the Vivaldi antenna of the present invention, the elongated patch has a serpentine structure.
A Vivaldi antenna according to some embodiments of the present invention further includes a first resistor coupled between the corresponding antenna radiating arm and the extension patch.
The Vivaldi antenna according to some embodiments of the present invention further includes a second resistor and a third resistor, wherein two ends of the second resistor are respectively connected to the antenna radiation arms located at two sides of the first edge-graded slot, and two ends of the third resistor are respectively connected to the antenna radiation arms located at two sides of the second edge-graded slot.
According to some embodiments of the Vivaldi antenna, the microstrip feed line includes a vertical portion, a horizontal portion, and a sector portion, wherein two ends of the horizontal portion are respectively connected to the vertical portion and the sector portion, the horizontal portion is perpendicular to the vertical portion, and a width of the vertical portion gradually decreases in a direction toward the horizontal portion.
Additional aspects and advantages of the utility model will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the utility model.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
fig. 1 is a schematic view of a conventional Vivaldi antenna;
FIG. 2 is a graph of S-parameters of a conventional Vivaldi antenna;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a Vivaldi antenna with comb-shaped slots;
FIG. 4 is a directional diagram of a Vivaldi antenna with comb-shaped slots at 8 GHz;
fig. 5 is a schematic perspective structure diagram of a Vivaldi antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention from a top view;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a Vivaldi antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention from a top view;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a Vivaldi antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention at a bottom view angle;
FIG. 8 is a graph of S-parameters for a Vivaldi antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 shows the patterns of the Vivaldi antenna at 8GHz in accordance with the embodiment of the present invention.
A dielectric sheet 100;
a metal patch 200, a ground plate 210, a circular groove 211, a vertical groove 212, an antenna radiation arm 220, an extension patch 230, a central groove 240, a first curved groove line 241, a first edge gradual groove 250, a second curved groove line 251, a third curved groove line 252, a second edge gradual groove 260, a fourth curved groove line 261, a fifth curved groove line 262, and a sixth curved groove line 270;
a first resistor 400;
a second resistor 500;
a third resistor 600.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship referred to in the description of the orientation, such as upper, lower, left, right, front, rear, etc., is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings only for the convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, if there are first and second described only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, it is not understood that relative importance is indicated or implied or that the number of indicated technical features or the precedence of the indicated technical features is implicitly indicated or implied.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly limited, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection and the like should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in combination with the specific contents of the technical solutions.
Vivaldi antennas can be roughly classified into three types: for the extended Vivaldi antenna, the balanced Vivaldi antenna and the conventional Vivaldi antenna. The Vivaldi antenna can reduce the beam width relative to the traditional Vivaldi antenna, has a simple feed structure, and has obvious cross polarization problems. The balanced Vivaldi antenna changes microstrip line feeding into strip line feeding, the structure is more stable because the impedance of the strip line is not influenced by frequency, but the cost is high because the processing technology of the balanced Vivaldi antenna is an unconventional technology, the antenna needs the adhesion of two plates, PP used for adhesion is not in the consideration range of simulation, unexpected situations can occur, and the simulation result is unreliable.
The traditional Vivaldi antenna can be processed and finished only by a common process, is low in cost, but has poor electromagnetic radiation performance. As shown in fig. 1, the slot line in the conventional Vivaldi antenna is configured as a tapered slot line connected to a circular slot, and the tapered slot line satisfies the following exponential function y (x) ± y0eaxFrom the calculus, the length of the taper line can be calculated as
Solving to obtain:
further, the Vivaldi antenna surface current I [ L (x)]＝I0A(L(x))sin{β0[l(x)-l(X)]Wherein a (l (x)) e-[al(x)/b]B decreases with increasing frequency of the medium, resulting in faster current decay.
As described above, in order to improve the performance of the Vivaldi antenna, it is necessary to increase the length of the slot line in the Vivaldi antenna. However, due to the limitation of the size of the Vivaldi antenna, the low-frequency performance of the Vivaldi antenna is not good enough, and particularly in the fields of medical application, microwave testing, radar and the like, the Vivaldi antenna needs to be miniaturized, the electrical size of the Vivaldi antenna is further limited, and the low-frequency performance of the Vivaldi antenna is poor.
Referring to fig. 5 to 7, a Vivaldi antenna of the present invention is described, including a dielectric plate 100, a metal patch 200, and a microstrip feed line 300; the metal patch 200 is provided on one side of the dielectric plate 100, the metal patch 200 includes a ground plate 210, the antenna comprises antenna radiation arms 220 and extension patches 230, wherein the number of the antenna radiation arms 220 and the extension patches 230 can be two, a ground plate 210 is connected with the two antenna radiation arms 220, the two extension patches 230 are respectively connected with the two antenna radiation arms 220, the ground plate 210 is provided with a circular groove 211 and a vertical groove 212, the circular groove 211 is also called a circular resonant cavity, the two antenna radiation arms 220 are symmetrical about the vertical groove 212, the two extension patches 230 are also symmetrical about the vertical groove 212, a horn-shaped central groove 240 is formed between the two antenna radiation arms 220, the vertical groove 212 is connected with the barrel-shaped circular groove 211 and the central groove 240, one side, away from the central groove 240, of each antenna radiation arm 220 is provided with a first edge gradually-changing groove 250 and a second edge gradually-changing groove 260, and the effective electrical length of the antenna radiation arms 220 can be effectively increased; the microstrip feed line 300 is disposed on the other side of the dielectric plate 100, the microstrip feed line 300 and the ground plate 210 are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the dielectric plate 100, the microstrip feed line 300 is a metal line, and the microstrip feed line 300 feeds to the slot line through the dielectric plate 100.
All set up first edge gradual change groove 250 and second edge gradual change groove 260 in the antenna radiation arm 220 of center slot 240 both sides, can divide into the antenna radiation arm 220 three-lobe, can effectively prolong Vivaldi antenna's electric dimension, and then adjust the resonant frequency of antenna, finally can effectively reduce cutoff frequency, can further prolong Vivaldi antenna's electric dimension through addding extension paster 230, can further reduce cutoff frequency, improve the performance of radiation electromagnetic energy.
Referring to fig. 2 and 8, fig. 2 is a graph of S-parameter of a conventional Vivaldi antenna, and it can be known that the cut-off frequency of the conventional antenna corresponding to-10 dB S-parameter is about 1.85 GHz; fig. 8 is a graph of S-parameter of the Vivaldi antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention, and the cutoff frequency of the Vivaldi antenna according to the present invention is about 1.3GHz with-10 dB of S-parameter, so that the Vivaldi antenna according to the present invention can obtain more desirable low frequency performance.
When designing the Vivaldi antenna, the electrical size of the Vivaldi antenna is increased by forming the comb-shaped groove in the metal ground plate, as shown in fig. 3, although the comb-shaped groove is convenient to process, the side lobe of the comb-shaped groove in such a structure is increased, and as shown in fig. 4, the directivity of the Vivaldi antenna is deteriorated.
To improve the directivity of the Vivaldi antenna, it can be understood that the central slot 240 is gradually enlarged along the central radiation direction, the first edge-tapered slot 250 is gradually curved away from the vertical slot 212 along the central radiation direction, and the second edge-tapered slot 260 is gradually curved away from the vertical slot 212 along the central radiation direction, wherein the central radiation direction is collinear with the vertical slot 212, and the central radiation direction is from the ground plate 210 toward the antenna radiation arm 220. By arranging the first edge tapering groove 250 and the second edge tapering groove 260 to be respectively bent towards two sides along the central radiation direction, side lobes in electromagnetic energy radiation can be effectively suppressed, and the directivity pattern of the Vivaldi antenna can effectively ensure the directivity of the Vivaldi antenna and further ensure the performance of electromagnetic energy radiation as shown in fig. 9.
It is understood that the opposite edges of the central groove 240 are provided with first curved groove lines 241, the two first curved groove lines 241 are respectively connected with the opposite edges of the vertical groove 212, the opposite edges of the first edge-tapered groove 250 are respectively a second curved groove line 251 and a third curved groove line 252, and the opposite edges of the second edge-tapered groove 260 are respectively a fourth curved groove line 261 and a fifth curved groove line 262; the first curved slot line 241, the second curved slot line 251, the third curved slot line 252, the fourth curved slot line 261 and the fifth curved slot line 262 are function curves of different exponential functions, respectively, as shown in fig. 6, specifically, radiation is performed on the same antennaIn the arm 220, the first curved slot line 241 partially overlaps with a graph of the following exponential function: y ═ c1*eq*x+c2The second curved slot line 251 partially overlaps the graph of the following exponential function: y ═ c1-1*ep1*x+c2-1The third curved slot line 252 partially overlaps the graph of the following exponential function: y ═ c1-2*eq1*x+c2-2The fourth curved slot line 261 partially overlaps the graph of the following exponential function: y ═ c1-3*ep2*x+c2-3The fifth curved slot line 262 partially overlaps the graph of the following exponential function: y ═ c1-4*eq2*x+c2-4Wherein the x-axis is parallel to the vertical slot 212. Each curved slot line has different slopes and starting points, so that the antenna design has more optimized space.
It can be understood that the edge of the antenna radiation arm 220 on the side away from the central slot 240 is the sixth curved slot line 270, and the sixth curved slot line 270 is curved toward the vertical slot 212, so that the length of the antenna radiation arm 220 can be increased, the electrical size of the Vivaldi antenna can be increased, the performance of electromagnetic energy radiation of the Vivaldi antenna can be further improved, and the miniaturization design of the Vivaldi antenna can be further optimized.
Specifically, the sixth curved slot line 270 is a function curve of an elliptic function, which not only can effectively increase the length of the antenna radiation arm 220, and further increase the electrical size of the Vivaldi antenna, but also can make the change of impedance smoother, and can effectively improve the performance of radiating electromagnetic energy.
It will be appreciated that the extension patch 230 is connected to the end of the antenna radiating arm 220 away from the ground plate 210, i.e. the extension patch 230 is connected to the end of the first curved slot line 241, which can further ensure the directionality of electromagnetic energy radiated by the Vivaldi antenna.
Specifically, the extension patch 230 has a serpentine structure, that is, the extension patch 230 has a meandering structure, which can further improve the electrical size of the Vivaldi antenna, thereby optimizing the resonant frequency of the Vivaldi antenna and improving the low-frequency performance of the Vivaldi antenna.
It can be understood that, the Vivaldi antenna further includes a first resistor 400, the first resistor 400 is connected between the corresponding antenna radiating arm 220 and the extension patch 230, that is, the first resistor 400 is connected between the antenna radiating arm 220 and the extension patch 230 on the same side, the first resistor 400 is disposed on the metal patch 200, or is disposed in the gap between the extension patch 230 and the antenna radiating arm 220, and a part of standing waves generated during the operation process can be effectively absorbed by the first resistor 400, so as to improve the standing wave ratio of the Vivaldi antenna, reduce the reflection of energy, and further optimize the miniaturization design of the Vivaldi antenna.
It can be understood that the Vivaldi antenna further includes a second resistor 500 and a third resistor 600, two ends of the second resistor 500 are respectively connected to the antenna radiation arms 220 located at two sides of the first edge-gradient groove 250, two ends of the third resistor 600 are respectively connected to the antenna radiation arms 220 located at two sides of the second edge-gradient groove 260, both the second resistor 500 and the third resistor 600 are disposed on the metal patch 200, or the second resistor 500 and the third resistor 600 are respectively disposed in the first edge-gradient groove 250 and the second edge-gradient groove 260, and a part of standing waves generated during the operation process can be further absorbed by the second resistor 500 and the third resistor 600, so as to improve the standing wave ratio of the Vivaldi antenna, reduce the reflection of energy, and further optimize the miniaturized design of the Vivaldi antenna.
It can be understood that the microstrip feed line 300 includes a vertical line portion 310, a horizontal line portion 320 and a sector portion 330, two ends of the horizontal line portion 320 are respectively connected to the vertical line portion 310 and the sector portion 330, the horizontal line portion 320 is perpendicular to the vertical line portion 310, the vertical line portion 310 is parallel to the vertical slot 212, the width of the vertical line portion 310 gradually decreases in a direction toward the horizontal line portion 320, and by setting the microstrip feed line 300 to be a gradual change structure, the impedance change of the Vivaldi antenna can be made smoother, thereby improving the performance of the Vivaldi antenna for radiating electromagnetic energy.
While embodiments of the utility model have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the utility model, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
- A Vivaldi antenna, comprising:a dielectric plate;the metal patch is arranged on one side of the dielectric plate and comprises a ground plate, antenna radiation arms and extension patches, the ground plate is connected with the two antenna radiation arms, the two extension patches are respectively connected with the two antenna radiation arms, the ground plate is provided with a circular groove and a vertical groove, a horn-shaped central groove is formed between the two antenna radiation arms, the vertical groove is communicated with the circular groove and the central groove, and a first edge gradual change groove and a second edge gradual change groove are formed in one side, away from the central groove, of each antenna radiation arm;and the microstrip feeder line is arranged on the other side of the dielectric plate.
- 2. A Vivaldi antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the central slot is gradually enlarged along a central radiation direction, the first edge-tapered slot is gradually curved away from the vertical slot along the central radiation direction, the second edge-tapered slot is gradually curved away from the vertical slot along the central radiation direction, the central radiation direction is parallel to the vertical slot, the central radiation direction is from the ground plate towards the antenna radiating arm.
- 3. A Vivaldi antenna according to claim 1, wherein opposite edges of the central slot are provided with first curved slot lines, opposite edges of the first edge-graded slot are a second curved slot line and a third curved slot line, respectively, and opposite edges of the second edge-graded slot are a fourth curved slot line and a fifth curved slot line, respectively; the first curved slot line, the second curved slot line, the third curved slot line, the fourth curved slot line and the fifth curved slot line are respectively function curves of different exponential functions.
- 4. A Vivaldi antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the edge of the side of the antenna radiating arm remote from the central slot is a sixth meandering slot line.
- 5. A Vivaldi antenna according to claim 4, wherein the sixth curved slot line is a function curve of an elliptical function.
- 6. A Vivaldi antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the extension patch is connected to an end of the antenna radiating arm remote from the ground plane.
- 7. A Vivaldi antenna according to claim 6, wherein the elongate patch is a serpentine structure.
- 8. A Vivaldi antenna according to claim 6 or 7, further comprising a first resistor connected between the corresponding antenna radiating arm and the elongate patch.
- 9. A Vivaldi antenna according to claim 1, further comprising a second resistor and a third resistor, wherein the second resistor is connected to the antenna radiating arms on both sides of the first edge-graded slot at both ends thereof, and the third resistor is connected to the antenna radiating arms on both sides of the second edge-graded slot at both ends thereof.
- 10. A Vivaldi antenna according to claim 1, wherein the microstrip feed line comprises a vertical portion, a lateral portion and a sector portion, the lateral portion being connected at its two ends to the vertical portion and the sector portion, respectively, the lateral portion being perpendicular to the vertical portion, the width of the vertical portion decreasing in a direction towards the lateral portion.
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| CN202220241836.0U CN216928936U (en) | 2022-01-28 | 2022-01-28 | Vivaldi antenna |
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| CN202220241836.0U CN216928936U (en) | 2022-01-28 | 2022-01-28 | Vivaldi antenna |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115020975A (en) * | 2022-08-09 | 2022-09-06 | 中信科移动通信技术股份有限公司 | Circularly polarized gradient double-slotted antenna and control method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115020975A (en) * | 2022-08-09 | 2022-09-06 | 中信科移动通信技术股份有限公司 | Circularly polarized gradient double-slotted antenna and control method thereof |
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