CN113937475A - Microstrip patch antenna with wide impedance bandwidth and harmonic suppression function - Google Patents

Microstrip patch antenna with wide impedance bandwidth and harmonic suppression function Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113937475A
CN113937475A CN202111171871.6A CN202111171871A CN113937475A CN 113937475 A CN113937475 A CN 113937475A CN 202111171871 A CN202111171871 A CN 202111171871A CN 113937475 A CN113937475 A CN 113937475A
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China
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metal
shaped
patch antenna
microstrip patch
harmonic suppression
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Pending
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CN202111171871.6A
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Chinese (zh)
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黄烽
张�浩
祝雷
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Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications
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Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications
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Priority to CN202111171871.6A priority Critical patent/CN113937475A/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna

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Abstract

The invention discloses a microstrip patch antenna with wide impedance bandwidth and harmonic suppression function, which comprises a rectangular dielectric plate and a metal floor; an input port feeder is arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric plate, one end of each of the two sections of quarter-wavelength transmission lines is connected with the input port feeder, and the other end of each of the two sections of quarter-wavelength transmission lines is connected with the E-shaped metal radiation patch; two rectangular metal parasitic patches are arranged on the same plane at the two short sides of the metal radiating patch. The microstrip patch antenna with the wide impedance bandwidth and the harmonic suppression function has the advantages of compact structure, improved impedance bandwidth and good harmonic suppression effect.

Description

Microstrip patch antenna with wide impedance bandwidth and harmonic suppression function
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microwave passive devices, in particular to a microstrip patch antenna which has a compact structure, wide impedance bandwidth and harmonic suppression effect.
Background
With the development of modern wireless communication technology and the continuous miniaturization and portability of wireless communication devices, the performance and size of antennas are more and more concerned. The microstrip patch antenna has the advantages of low profile, easy conformal property, easy processing and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of radar, satellite navigation and the like. The microstrip patch antenna is often more prone to generate harmonic waves as a resonant antenna, and unnecessary harmonic waves cause crosstalk to signals generated by other radio frequency devices and are also prone to have an electromagnetic compatibility problem, so that the problem of harmonic waves of the microstrip patch antenna is solved and is always a hot point of attention of people. To date, design methods for harmonic suppression of microstrip patch antennas have been widely studied and reported, but most researchers have not considered increasing impedance bandwidth of microstrip patch antennas on the basis of the design methods.
In document 1(s.biswas, d.guha and c.kumar, "Control of high harmonic Harmonics and heat radiation in Microstrip antenna Using Compact fed Ground structure," IEEE trans.antennas propag, vol.61, No.6, pp.3349-3353, June 2013 "), a Microstrip patch antenna having a harmonic suppression function based on a Defected Ground structure is proposed, which is simple in design but has a deteriorated Ground integrity and an improved impedance bandwidth.
Document 2(x.y.zhang, w.duan and y.pan, "High-Gain Filtering Antenna within out Circuit," IEEE trans. antennas propag., vol.63, No.12, pp.5883-5888, dec.2015.) effectively suppresses the generation of the microstrip Patch Antenna harmonics by introducing Gain zeros, but the multiple shorting pins introduced increase the difficulty of processing, and the impedance bandwidth of the microstrip Patch Antenna is not improved as well.
Document 3(m. -j.sun, n. -w.liu, l.zhu and g.fu, "wide Microstrip Patch Antenna with Low RCS Using Multi-Mode response," 202115 th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP),2021, pp.1-3, doi:10.23919/euca cap 87.2021.9411319.) increases the bandwidth of the Microstrip Patch Antenna by means of multimode Resonance, but the harmonic problem of the Microstrip Patch Antenna is not considered therein.
In summary, the prior art has the following problems: the method for performing harmonic suppression on the microstrip patch antenna cannot improve the impedance bandwidth of the microstrip patch antenna at the same time, so that the application of the microstrip patch antenna with the harmonic suppression function in a modern wireless communication system is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a microstrip patch antenna with wide impedance bandwidth and harmonic suppression function, which not only has good harmonic suppression function, but also improves the impedance bandwidth.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:
a microstrip patch antenna with wide impedance bandwidth and harmonic suppression function comprises a rectangular dielectric plate and a metal floor, wherein the metal floor is positioned on the lower surface of the dielectric plate; the upper surface of the dielectric plate is provided with a 50-ohm input port feeder line, two sections of L-shaped quarter-wavelength transmission lines and an E-shaped metal radiation patch, and the two sections of L-shaped quarter-wavelength transmission lines are connected to form an n-shaped transmission line; the feeder line of the input port is connected with the joint of two sections of L-shaped quarter-wavelength transmission lines, and two ends of the n-shaped transmission line extend into the concave part of the E-shaped metal radiation patch and are connected with the E-shaped metal radiation patch, so that double-point embedded feed of the E-shaped metal radiation patch is realized; and two coplanar rectangular metal parasitic patches are respectively arranged on two sides of the short edge of the E-shaped metal radiating patch, and a certain distance is reserved between the two metal parasitic patches and the two short edges of the E-shaped metal radiating patch, and the distances are equal.
Further: and the right angle bending of the L-shaped quarter-wavelength transmission line is subjected to corner cutting treatment.
Further: the manufacturing method of the E-type metal radiation patch comprises the following steps: from a long limit of rectangle metal radiation paster, inwards cut out two rectangle breachs along the minor face direction, the length of breach along rectangle metal radiation paster minor face direction is the quarter of rectangle metal radiation paster minor face length.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages:
(1) the invention has simple structure, convenient processing and low production cost;
(2) the invention adopts an embedded feed mode, realizes the harmonic suppression of the microstrip patch antenna and obtains the harmonic suppression effect of 2.8 times of the working frequency;
(3) the invention adopts the mode of adding the parasitic patch to increase the impedance bandwidth of the microstrip patch, and effectively improves the impedance bandwidth of the microstrip patch antenna on the basis of harmonic suppression.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a microstrip patch antenna with wide impedance bandwidth and harmonic suppression function according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the structural dimensions of example 1;
FIG. 4 is a simulation graph of S-parameters of example 1;
FIG. 5 is a simulation graph of the VSWR of example 1.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the microstrip patch antenna with wide impedance bandwidth and harmonic suppression function of the present invention includes a rectangular dielectric plate 2 and a metal floor 1, wherein the metal floor 1 is located on the lower surface of the dielectric plate 2.
As shown in fig. 2, an input port feeder 3 of 50 ohms is arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric plate, two L-shaped quarter-wavelength transmission lines are connected with the input port feeder 3, and the tail ends of the two quarter-wavelength transmission lines 4 directly extend into the concave part of the E-shaped metal radiation patch and are connected with the metal radiation patch. Rectangular metal parasitic patches 6 and 7 are arranged in parallel beside the two narrow sides of the metal radiating patch 5.
The quarter-wavelength transmission line 4 connected with the input port feeder 3 comprises a quarter-wavelength transmission line 41 and a quarter-wavelength transmission line 42, the two sections of quarter-wavelength transmission lines 4 are bent at right angles in an L shape, the bent parts are subjected to corner cutting treatment, the two sections of quarter-wavelength transmission lines bent at right angles in the L shape are connected to form an n-shaped transmission line 4, and the connecting part of the two sections of quarter- wavelength transmission lines 41 and 42 is connected with the input port feeder 3 with 50 ohms.
Rectangular microstrip patch antenna except for TM required for generating radiation at fundamental frequency resonance10In addition to the mode(s) described above,also produces a harmonic correspondence TM02Mode, TM12Mode, TM20Mode, TM22Mode, etc. The example is adopted in TM02Mode, TM12Mode, TM20Mode, TM22The generation of these harmonics is suppressed by feeding the mode at the electrical wall intersection. According to the electric field distribution on the surface of the patch, TM02Mode, TM12Mode, TM20Mode, TM22The electric wall intersection points of the die are positioned at two points inside the rectangular microstrip patch antenna, and the E-shaped metal radiation patch 5 needs to be cut by adopting double-point embedded feed realized by the quarter-wavelength transmission line 4. The metal radiation patch comprises a rectangular metal radiation patch 5, wherein two rectangular gaps are cut in the direction of a narrow side on one side of the wide side of the rectangular metal radiation patch, the cut metal radiation patch 5 is E-shaped, the length of the wide side of the rectangular gap is one fourth of the length of the narrow side of the E-shaped metal radiation patch 5, and the distance between the center of the narrow side of the rectangular gap and the narrow side of the metal radiation patch 5 is one fourth of the length of the wide side of the metal radiation patch 5.
Rectangular parasitic patches 6 and 7 are arranged on two sides of the narrow side of the metal radiating patch 5 in parallel, the metal radiating patch 5 and the parasitic patches 6 and 7 are located on the upper surface of the medium, and a certain distance is reserved between the two parasitic patches 6 and 7 and the two narrow sides of the E-type metal radiating patch 5 and is equal to each other.
As shown in FIG. 3, in the microstrip patch antenna with wide impedance bandwidth and harmonic suppression function of the present invention, the length L of the narrow side of the E-shaped metal radiation patch0Determines the center frequency of the microstrip patch antenna and the length L of the quarter-wave transmission line2And width W2Determines the impedance matching of the microstrip patch antenna at the center frequency. The parasitic patch is placed along the non-radiation boundary (narrow side) of the main radiating patch (E-shaped metal radiating patch 5), and the introduction of the parasitic patch enables a simple RLC resonant circuit to be changed into a multi-resonance-point coupling resonant circuit, so that double-tuning characteristics are formed on the basis of double-point feed structure harmonic suppression, and the impedance bandwidth of the antenna is increased. Distance W between E-type metal radiating patch and parasitic patch4Determining the strength of the coupling, the length L of the parasitic patch1Determines the second harmonicVibrating frequency point, selecting proper coupling distance W4And parasitic patch length L1The impedance bandwidth of the antenna can be effectively improved on the basis of harmonic suppression.
The invention processes and corrodes the metal surfaces of the front surface and the back surface of the circuit substrate in the manufacturing process of the printed circuit board, thereby forming the required metal pattern, and the invention has compact structure and low production cost. Meanwhile, the method of performing harmonic suppression by using the double-point embedded double-point feed, performing impedance matching on an antenna by using a quarter-wavelength transmission line and improving impedance bandwidth by using a parasitic patch can be directly realized on a PCB (printed circuit board). The microstrip patch antenna with the wide impedance bandwidth and the harmonic suppression function has a simple and compact structure, and has good harmonic suppression effect and a function of improving the impedance bandwidth of the microstrip patch antenna, so the microstrip patch antenna has a good application prospect in a modern wireless communication system.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Example 1
The three-dimensional structure of the microstrip patch antenna with wide impedance bandwidth and harmonic suppression function is shown in fig. 1, the top view is shown in fig. 2, and fig. 3 is a schematic structural dimension diagram. The dielectric plate used in this example had a relative dielectric constant of 4.4, a thickness of 1.6mm, a loss tangent of 0.02, and a total area of 101.92X 60.46mm2. With reference to fig. 3, the various dimensional parameters of the antenna are as follows: w0=37.26mm,W1=10mm,W2=0.8mm,W3=3.1mm,W4=3.7mm,W5=2mm,W6=W0/4=9.32mm,L0=28.7mm,L1=29mm,L2=17.7mm,L3=15mm,L4=L0/4=16.7mm。
The microstrip patch antenna with the wide impedance bandwidth and the harmonic suppression function is modeled and simulated in electromagnetic simulation software HFSS.18.0. Fig. 4 is a simulation diagram of S-parameter of the microstrip patch antenna of the present example, and fig. 5 is a simulation diagram of voltage standing wave ratio of the microstrip patch antenna of the present example. As can be seen from FIG. 4, the present example retains the microstripTM required for patch antenna radiation10Mode, other harmonic corresponding TM02Mode, TM12Mode, TM20Mode, TM22Is effectively suppressed. As can be seen from fig. 4 and 5, the impedance bandwidth of the microstrip patch antenna is 2.38GHz to 2.55GHz, the voltage standing wave ratio of this example is less than 2 in this frequency range, and the relative bandwidth of the microstrip patch antenna is 6.9%.
In summary, the microstrip patch antenna with wide impedance bandwidth and harmonic suppression function of the present invention employs a double-point embedded feeding method to feed at the intersection of the electrical walls of the harmonic, so that the mode corresponding to the harmonic cannot be excited; the antenna has double-tuning characteristics on the basis of harmonic suppression through the parasitic patch in the coplanar configuration, so that the impedance bandwidth of the antenna is improved. This example is well suited for modern wireless communication systems.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can understand that the modifications or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (5)

1. A microstrip patch antenna with wide impedance bandwidth and harmonic suppression function, characterized in that: the antenna comprises a dielectric plate (2) and a metal floor (1), wherein the metal floor (1) is positioned on the lower surface of the dielectric plate (2);
an input port feeder (3), two sections of L-shaped quarter-wavelength transmission lines (41, 42) and an E-shaped metal radiation patch (5) are arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric plate (2); the two sections of L-shaped transmission lines are connected to form an n-shaped transmission line (4), and the joint of the two sections of L-shaped quarter-wavelength transmission lines (41, 42) is connected with the input port feeder line (3); two ends of the n-shaped transmission line (4) extend into two concave parts of the E-shaped metal radiation patch (5) respectively and then are connected with the E-shaped metal radiation patch (5).
2. The microstrip patch antenna according to claim 1 having wide impedance bandwidth and harmonic suppression, wherein: and the right-angle bending of the L-shaped quarter-wavelength transmission lines (41, 42) is subjected to corner cutting treatment.
3. The microstrip patch antenna according to claim 1 having wide impedance bandwidth and harmonic suppression, wherein: the manufacturing method of the E-shaped metal radiation patch (5) comprises the following steps: from a long limit of rectangle metal radiation paster, inwards cut out two rectangle breachs along the minor face direction, the length of breach along rectangle metal radiation paster minor face direction is the quarter of rectangle metal radiation paster minor face length.
4. The microstrip patch antenna according to claim 2 or 3, wherein: and the outer sides of the short sides of the metal radiating patches (5) are respectively provided with a metal parasitic patch (6, 7), and the distances between the metal parasitic patches (6, 7) and the metal radiating patches (5) are equal.
5. The microstrip patch antenna according to claim 4, wherein: the metal radiating patch (5) and the metal parasitic patches (6, 7) are coplanar.
CN202111171871.6A 2021-10-08 2021-10-08 Microstrip patch antenna with wide impedance bandwidth and harmonic suppression function Pending CN113937475A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114899593A (en) * 2022-05-25 2022-08-12 陕西北斗科技开发应用有限公司 Microstrip antenna applicable to complementary structure loading of Beidou and WLAN systems
CN115275617A (en) * 2022-08-08 2022-11-01 重庆邮电大学 High-selectivity filtering antenna based on short-circuit parasitic patch
CN115275561A (en) * 2022-08-19 2022-11-01 昆明理工大学 High-gain broadband planar antenna and design method thereof
CN116581536A (en) * 2023-07-12 2023-08-11 南京隼眼电子科技有限公司 Antenna and electronic equipment

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114899593A (en) * 2022-05-25 2022-08-12 陕西北斗科技开发应用有限公司 Microstrip antenna applicable to complementary structure loading of Beidou and WLAN systems
CN115275617A (en) * 2022-08-08 2022-11-01 重庆邮电大学 High-selectivity filtering antenna based on short-circuit parasitic patch
CN115275561A (en) * 2022-08-19 2022-11-01 昆明理工大学 High-gain broadband planar antenna and design method thereof
CN116581536A (en) * 2023-07-12 2023-08-11 南京隼眼电子科技有限公司 Antenna and electronic equipment
CN116581536B (en) * 2023-07-12 2024-04-26 南京隼眼电子科技有限公司 Antenna and electronic equipment

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