CN114899593A - Microstrip antenna applicable to complementary structure loading of Beidou and WLAN systems - Google Patents
Microstrip antenna applicable to complementary structure loading of Beidou and WLAN systems Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
- H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The invention introduces a microstrip antenna applicable to the complementary structure loading of a Beidou satellite and WLAN system, which comprises a dielectric substrate, a metal grounding plate, a right-angled triangular parasitic metal patch, a metal radiation structure and a microstrip metal wire, wherein the dielectric substrate is provided with a first dielectric layer and a second dielectric layer; the metal ground plate is arranged at the bottom of the dielectric substrate, the right-angled triangular parasitic metal patch, the metal radiation structure and the microstrip metal line are arranged at the top of the dielectric substrate, the right-angled triangular parasitic metal patch is arranged at two sides of the metal radiation structure, the microstrip metal line is arranged at the bottom of the metal radiation structure, and the metal radiation structure is also provided with a rectangular metal gap; the antenna designed by the application can realize high-speed transmission of big data while providing high-precision positioning.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of antennas in basic electrical elements, and particularly relates to a loaded microstrip antenna applicable to a complementary structure of a Beidou satellite system and a WLAN system.
Background
Although the Beidou system has high-precision positioning and time service functions, the Beidou system has weak information transmission capability and can only realize the transmission of a small amount of information through transmission messages, so that the Beidou system cannot well complete the work of transmitting a large amount of data in occasions requiring large amount of data transmission. As a short-distance wireless mobile communication system, WLAN can realize high-speed big data wireless transmission in a small distance range, and just make up for the deficiency in data transmission of the beidou system, so if the beidou positioning system and WLAN system can be integrated, high-precision positioning can be provided and simultaneously high-speed transmission of big data can be realized.
However, since the big dipper system has been commercialized in a large scale in 2019, there is almost no fusion component or integrated system of the big dipper system and the WLAN system that can simultaneously realize high-precision positioning and high-speed data transmission.
Chinese patent CN203674400U discloses a satellite navigation antenna for receiving the beidou/GPS/WLAN frequency band, which includes a first feed probe and a second feed probe, wherein the first and second feed probes vertically penetrate through a bottom substrate, and an air layer, an intermediate layer substrate and a top substrate are sequentially superimposed on the bottom substrate; the lower surface of the bottom substrate is provided with two SMA joints which are respectively connected with the first feed probe and the second feed probe; the radiating device comprises a top substrate and a radiating unit arranged on the top substrate, wherein the top substrate is provided with a top radiating unit which comprises a square metal copper sheet covering area arranged on the top substrate, and a square groove is formed in the middle of the metal copper sheet covering area. Although the designed satellite navigation antenna for receiving the Beidou/GPS/WLAN frequency band can receive signals of the first Beidou generation S and the GPSL1 frequency band, information exchange between the short-distance handheld terminal and the navigation equipment is realized through the WLAN, and the portability of information transmission and sharing is met, the designed antenna structure adopts a multilayer structure, so that the complexity of the antenna structure is caused, and the portability cannot be realized in actual operation.
Chinese patent CN205177998U discloses a combined antenna, comprising: the device comprises a first plate-shaped radiator, a second plate-shaped radiator, a strip circuit board, a metal short-circuit sheet and a first feed probe, wherein the first plate-shaped radiator is used for receiving/transmitting WLAN frequency band signals, the second plate-shaped radiator is used for receiving/transmitting Beidou and/or GPS frequency band signals, the strip circuit board is internally provided with a metal feed line, and the first feed probe is arranged in parallel from top to bottom; the radiation patch of the first plate-shaped radiator in the combined antenna is electrically connected with the radiation patch of the second plate-shaped radiator through the metal short circuit sheet, the radiation patch of the second plate-shaped radiator has the function equivalent to that of the grounding plate of the first plate-shaped radiator, the designed antenna integrates the two radiators into a whole, and the combined antenna has the advantages of simple and compact structure, low section and capability of realizing the receiving and sending functions of signals of three frequency bands of Beidou, GPS and WLAN, but the antenna structure cannot really realize the characteristic of low section because of the design of the first feed probe.
Therefore, it is especially important to design an antenna that has simple structure, is portable and has a low profile, and can simultaneously receive and transmit Beidou positioning wireless signals and short-distance wireless communication system signals.
Disclosure of Invention
For solving above-mentioned problem, in order to improve the function unicity of antenna among the current beidou system to design a planar structure antenna that can receive and dispatch beidou location radio signal and short distance wireless communication system signal simultaneously, and then realize providing high accuracy location, realize the high rate transmission of big data.
In order to achieve the effect, the invention designs the loading microstrip antenna which is applicable to the complementary structure of the Beidou and WLAN systems. The loading microstrip antenna applicable to the complementary structure of the Beidou and WLAN systems comprises a dielectric substrate, a metal grounding plate, a right-angled triangular parasitic metal patch, a metal radiation structure and a microstrip metal wire;
the metal grounding plate is arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate;
the right-angled triangular parasitic metal patch, the metal radiation structure and the microstrip metal line are pasted on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate;
the right-angled triangular parasitic metal patches are arranged on the left side and the right side of the metal radiation structure;
the microstrip metal line is connected to the lower side of the metal radiation structure.
Preferably, the metal radiating structure comprises a rectangular metal patch and a triangular metal radiating patch;
the rectangular metal patch is arranged at the vertex angle of the upper end of the triangular metal radiation patch and is connected with the vertex angle of the upper end of the triangular metal radiation patch;
the length of the rectangular metal patch is equal to the side length of the triangular metal radiation patch;
the long edge of the rectangular metal patch is parallel to the lower edge of the triangular metal radiation patch and the upper edge and the lower edge of the upper surface of the dielectric substrate.
Preferably, a rectangular metal gap is further arranged on the triangular metal radiation patch;
the width of the rectangular metal gap is smaller than that of the microstrip metal line;
the length of the rectangular metal gap is equal to half of the side length of the triangular metal radiation patch.
Preferably, the triangular metal radiating patch is positioned at the center of the upper surface of the dielectric substrate;
the geometric center of the triangular metal radiation patch is superposed with the geometric center of the upper surface of the dielectric substrate;
the three sides of the triangular metal radiation patch are equal in length, and the lower side of the triangular metal radiation patch is parallel to the lower edge of the upper surface of the dielectric substrate.
Preferably, the microstrip metal line is arranged at the center of the lower edge of the triangular metal patch;
the length of the microstrip metal line is equal to the distance between the lower edge of the triangular metal radiating patch and the lower edge of the dielectric substrate.
Preferably, the right-angled triangular parasitic metal patch comprises a first right-angled triangular parasitic metal patch and a second right-angled triangular parasitic metal patch;
the first right-angle triangular parasitic metal patch and the second right-angle triangular parasitic metal patch are respectively positioned in a space formed by the triangular metal radiation patch and the top rectangular metal patch.
Preferably, two outer sides of the first right-angled triangular parasitic metal patch and the second right-angled triangular parasitic metal patch are parallel to each other and to the left side and the right side of the dielectric substrate;
the upper sides of the first right-angle triangular parasitic metal patch and the second right-angle triangular parasitic metal patch are parallel to the upper side and the lower side of the dielectric substrate.
Preferably, the upper sides and the two outer sides of the first right-angle triangular parasitic metal patch and the second right-angle triangular parasitic metal patch form a right angle;
the two inner side edges of the first right-angle triangular parasitic metal patch and the second right-angle triangular parasitic metal patch are respectively parallel to the two sides near the triangular metal radiating patch.
Preferably, the distance between the upper sides of the first right-angled triangular parasitic metal patch and the second right-angled triangular parasitic metal patch and the upper rectangular metal patch is equal to the distance between the inner hypotenuses of the first right-angled triangular parasitic metal patch and the second right-angled triangular parasitic metal patch and the triangular metal radiating patch.
Preferably, the material of the antenna is one or a combination of copper or silver.
The application has the advantages and effects as follows:
1. the microstrip antenna is suitable for the complementary structure loading of the Beidou and WLAN systems, and can have five effective working frequency points within the range of 1.0-8.0 GHz through the combined design of the dielectric substrate, the metal grounding plate, the right-angled triangular parasitic metal patch, the metal radiation structure and the microstrip metal wire; the central resonance frequency points are respectively 1.58 plus or minus 1% GHz, 2.05 plus or minus 1% GHz, 3.92 plus or minus 1% GHz, 5.81 plus or minus 1% GHz and 7.16 plus or minus 1% GHz; the first working frequency point can serve for Beidou satellite positioning, the fourth working frequency point can serve for WLAN wireless communication, and the remaining three resonant frequency points can also realize communication of other functions; the fourth resonant frequency band less than-10 dB also has broadband characteristics, and the effective resonant frequency is 12.9%.
2. The invention obtains the antenna with the characteristics of low profile and simple structure by arranging the metal grounding plate at the bottom of the dielectric substrate and arranging the antenna patch at the top, and although both sides of the dielectric substrate are provided with the metal structures, the metal structures at both sides are simpler, so the antenna is easy to process and has higher reliability.
3. The antenna designed by the application is a planar microstrip antenna, is small in structure and easy to integrate with other circuit devices.
4. The radiation structure of the antenna designed by the invention is completely positioned on one side of the dielectric substrate, and the other side is completely coated with metals such as copper or silver on the surface, so that electromagnetic energy cannot be radiated backwards, and the antenna designed by the invention also has a unidirectional radiation characteristic.
5. The designed antenna has high far-field radiation gain characteristic in the working frequency band with 5.80GHz as the center and has the resonance frequency f 01 At 5.80GHz, the far field radiation gain reaches 5.60 dBi; at frequency f 02 At 7.16GHz, the far field radiation gain reaches 7.26 dBi; therefore, the antenna designed by the invention is a unidirectional radiation plane antenna with high far-field radiation gain.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present application, so that the technical means of the present application can be more clearly understood and the present application can be implemented according to the content of the description, and in order to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the following detailed description is made with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present application and the accompanying drawings.
The above and other objects, advantages and features of the present application will become more apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of specific embodiments thereof, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts. Throughout the drawings, like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals. In the drawings, elements or portions are not necessarily drawn to scale.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a top view of an antenna according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a side view of an antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic bottom view of the antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of port reflection parameters as a function of frequency, obtained by analyzing an antenna designed according to the present invention using three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation software;
fig. 5 is a far-field radiation pattern on a plane with phi of 0 ° at a frequency of 1.57GHz obtained by analyzing an antenna designed by the present invention with three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation software;
fig. 6 is a far-field radiation pattern on a plane with phi of 0 ° at a frequency of 5.80GHz obtained by analyzing an antenna designed by the present invention with three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation software;
fig. 7 is a far-field radiation pattern on a plane with phi of 0 ° at a frequency of 7.16GHz obtained by analyzing an antenna designed according to the present invention with three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation software;
reference numerals: 11. a dielectric substrate; 12. a microstrip metal line; 13. a triangular metal radiation patch; 14. a rectangular metal gap; 15. a first right-angle triangular parasitic metal patch; 16. a second right-angled triangular parasitic metal patch; 17. a metal ground plate; 18. rectangular metal patch.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. In the following description, specific details such as specific configurations and components are provided only to help the embodiments of the present application be fully understood. Accordingly, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of the present application. In addition, descriptions of well-known functions and constructions are omitted in the embodiments for clarity and conciseness.
It should be appreciated that reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "the embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Thus, the appearances of the phrase "one embodiment" or "the present embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
Further, the present application may repeat reference numerals and/or letters in the various examples. This repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity and does not in itself dictate a relationship between the various embodiments and/or configurations discussed.
The term "and/or" herein is merely an association describing an associated object, meaning that three relationships may exist, e.g., a and/or B, may mean: a exists alone, B exists alone, and A and B exist at the same time, and the term "/and" is used herein to describe another association object relationship, which means that two relationships may exist, for example, A/and B, may mean: a alone, and both a and B alone, and further, the character "/" in this document generally means that the former and latter associated objects are in an "or" relationship.
The term "at least one" herein is merely an association relationship describing an associated object, and means that there may be three relationships, for example, at least one of a and B, may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone.
It is further noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion.
Example 1
This embodiment mainly introduces a section and is applicable to big dipper and WLAN system complementary structure loading microstrip antenna's basic design.
The loading microstrip antenna applicable to the complementary structure of the Beidou and WLAN systems mainly comprises a dielectric substrate 11, a metal grounding plate 17, a microstrip metal line 12, two symmetrical right-angled triangular parasitic metal patch structures and a metal radiation structure, wherein the metal grounding plate 17 has the same geometric dimension as the lower surface of the dielectric substrate; the metal grounding plate 17 is arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 11; the right-angle triangular parasitic metal patch, the metal radiation structure and the microstrip metal line 12 are attached to the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 11; the right-angled triangular parasitic metal patches are arranged on the left side and the right side of the metal radiation structure; the microstrip metal line 12 is connected to the lower side of the metal radiating structure, and the side structure thereof is shown in fig. 2.
Furthermore, the dielectric substrate is a polytetrafluoroethylene FR-4 dielectric substrate, the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate is 4.4, and the loss tangent of the dielectric substrate is 0.02.
Further, the metal ground plate is a metal patch covering the lower surface of the dielectric substrate, and the length and width of the metal patch are equal to the length and width of the lower surface of the dielectric substrate, as shown in fig. 3.
Further, the metal radiation structure and the microstrip metal line 12 are the main energy radiation structure of the antenna designed by the present invention, and the metal radiation structure includes a rectangular metal patch 18 and a triangular metal radiation patch 13.
Furthermore, the triangular metal radiation patch is a metal structure positioned at the center of the upper surface of the dielectric substrate, and the geometric center of the triangular metal radiation patch is superposed with the geometric center of the upper surface of the dielectric substrate; the three sides of the triangular metal radiation patch are equal in length, wherein the lower side of the triangular metal radiation patch is parallel to the lower edge of the upper surface of the dielectric substrate.
Furthermore, a microstrip metal line is processed at the center of the lower edge of the triangular metal radiation patch, and the length of the microstrip metal line is equal to the distance between the lower edge of the triangular metal radiation patch and the lower edge of the upper surface of the dielectric substrate.
Further, in the triangular metal radiation patch, a rectangular metal gap with the width smaller than the width of the microstrip feed rectangle and the length approximately equal to half of the side length of the triangle is processed, and a rectangular metal patch 18 with the length equal to the side length of the triangle and the long side parallel to the lower side of the triangle and the upper and lower sides of the upper surface of the dielectric substrate and with a certain width is processed at the top corner of the upper end of the triangular metal radiation patch; the rectangular metal patch 18 and the triangular metal radiating patch are connected to form a triangular radiating patch with a T-shaped structure.
Furthermore, the two right-angled triangular parasitic metal patch structures are respectively positioned in a space formed by the triangle and the top rectangular metal patch.
Furthermore, two outer sides of the two right-angled triangle parasitic metal patch structures are parallel to each other and are parallel to the left side and the right side of the dielectric substrate, and the upper sides of the two right-angled triangle parasitic metal patch structures are parallel to the upper side and the lower side of the upper surface of the dielectric substrate.
Furthermore, the upper sides and the two outer sides of the two right-angled triangular parasitic metal patches form a right angle, and the two inner sides are respectively parallel to the two sides near the main radiating metal triangle.
Furthermore, the distances between the upper side of each of the two right-angled triangular parasitic metal patches and the upper rectangular metal patch and between the inner oblique side of each of the two right-angled triangular parasitic metal patches and the adjacent side of the triangular metal radiating patch are equal.
All metal patches on the surface of the antenna dielectric substrate are made of copper or silver, and the thickness of the metal patches is extremely small and can be ignored.
When the antenna physical model designed by the invention is tested in an experiment, the inner core of the SMA connector is required to be connected with the rectangular feed patch, and the metal structure of the grounding plate at the outer side of the SMA connector is connected with the metal grounding plate at the back of the dielectric substrate, so that the test can be carried out.
The invention obtains the antenna with the characteristics of low profile and simple structure by arranging the metal grounding plate at the bottom of the dielectric substrate and arranging the antenna patch at the top, and although both sides of the dielectric substrate are provided with the metal structures, the metal structures at both sides are simpler, so the antenna is easy to process and has higher reliability.
Example 2
Based on the above embodiment 1, this embodiment mainly introduces a specific design suitable for the complementary structure loading microstrip antenna of the beidou and WLAN system.
(1) First, a dielectric substrate having a length L of 50mm, a width W of 50mm and a thickness h of 1.6mm was selected, and the dielectric substrate was made of FR-4, had a dielectric constant of 4.4 and a loss tangent of 0.02.
(2) By using the circuit board etching technology, the metal silver structure on the back of the dielectric substrate is used as the metal silver grounding plate 17 of the antenna designed by the invention.
Further, the length L of the metal silver grounding plate is 50mm, the width W is 50mm, the thickness h is 1.6mm, and the thickness is extremely small and can be ignored.
(3) Etching a triangular metal radiation patch 13 at the geometric center of the upper surface of the dielectric substrate, wherein the triangular metal radiation patch 13 is of a silver structure, and the lengths of three sides of the triangular metal radiation patch 13 are the same and are all 30 mm; the lower side of the triangular metal radiating patch 13 structure is parallel to the lower side of the upper surface of the dielectric substrate.
Furthermore, a connecting line of the midpoint of the lower side of the triangular metal radiation patch 13 and the midpoint of the lower side of the upper surface of the square dielectric substrate 11 is used as an axis, a rectangular metal silver structure with the long side parallel to the axis, the length of 16.3mm and the width of 2mm is processed, the rectangular metal silver structure is used as a microstrip feed structure of the designed antenna of the invention, namely a microstrip metal wire 12, and the microstrip metal wire 12 is geometrically connected with the triangular metal radiation patch 13.
(4) In the triangular metal radiating patch 13 on the right side of the microstrip metal line 12, a rectangular metal slot 14 with the length of 12mm and the width of 1mm is processed.
(5) And processing a rectangular metal patch with the length of 30mm and the width of 4mm at the vertex angle of the triangular metal radiation patch 13, wherein the long side is parallel to the upper side and the lower side of the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 11, and the short side is parallel to the left side and the right side of the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 11.
(6) In the triangular regions on the left and right sides of the upper end of the triangular metal silver structure 13, two right-angled triangular metal silver patches, namely a first right-angled triangular parasitic metal patch 15 and a second right-angled triangular parasitic metal patch 16, are processed.
Further, the length of the right side edge of the first right-angle triangular parasitic metal patch 15 is 24mm in the vertical direction, the length of the upper side edge is 14.5mm in the horizontal direction, and the distance between the upper side edge in the horizontal direction and the lower edge of the rectangular metal patch is 2 mm; the lower left side is parallel to the adjacent side of the triangular metal radiating patch 13, and the distance between the two is also 2 mm.
Further, the length of the left side edge of the second right-angled triangle parasitic metal patch 16 in the vertical direction is 24mm, the length of the upper side edge in the horizontal direction is 14.5mm, and the distance between the upper side edge in the horizontal direction and the lower edge of the rectangular metal patch is 2 mm. The lower right side is parallel to the adjacent side of the triangular metal radiating patch 13, and the distance between the two is also 2 mm.
Furthermore, the metal structures on both sides of the antenna dielectric substrate may be silver or copper, that is, a metal material with good conductive characteristics is only required.
Furthermore, all the metal patch structures on the upper surface of the antenna dielectric substrate can integrally move towards the left side or the right side of the upper surface of the dielectric substrate.
Further, in the above embodiment, the geometric dimension of the whole structure of the antenna can be modulated according to the specific values given above as reference under the condition that the shape of each structure is kept unchanged, as long as the relevant characteristics in the present invention can be satisfied.
The antenna designed by the application is a planar microstrip antenna, is small in structure and easy to integrate with other circuit devices.
The radiation structure of the antenna designed by the invention is completely positioned on one side of the dielectric substrate, and the other side is completely coated with metals such as copper or silver on the surface, so that electromagnetic energy cannot be radiated backwards, and the antenna designed by the invention also has a unidirectional radiation characteristic.
Example 3
Based on the above embodiments 1-2, this embodiment mainly introduces an effect verification that is applicable to the complementary structure loading microstrip antenna of the beidou and WLAN systems.
The three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation software HFSS is used for carrying out simulation analysis on the microstrip antenna which is designed and suitable for the Beidou and WLAN data transmission systems, and as shown in figure 4, the microstrip antenna can have five effective working frequency points within the range of 1.0-8.0 GHz.
The central resonance frequency points are respectively 1.58 plus or minus 1% GHz, 2.05 plus or minus 1% GHz, 3.92 plus or minus 1% GHz, 5.81 plus or minus 1% GHz and 7.16 plus or minus 1% GHz, and the antenna designed by the invention is a multi-frequency antenna.
Fig. 5 is a far-field radiation pattern on a plane with phi of 0 ° at a frequency of 1.57GHz obtained by analyzing an antenna designed by the present invention with three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation software; at frequency f 02 At 1.57GHz, the far field radiation gain reaches-16.4 dBi.
Fig. 6 is a far-field radiation pattern on a plane with phi of 0 ° at a frequency of 5.80GHz obtained by analyzing an antenna designed by the present invention with three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation software; the designed antenna has high far-field radiation gain characteristic in the working frequency band with 5.80GHz as the center and has the resonance frequency f 01 At 5.80GHz, the far field radiation gain reaches 5.60 dBi.
Fig. 7 is a far-field radiation pattern on a plane with phi of 0 ° at a frequency of 7.16GHz obtained by analyzing an antenna designed according to the present invention with three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation software; at frequency f 02 At 7.16GHz, the far field radiation gain reaches 7.26 dBi; therefore, the antenna designed by the invention is a unidirectional radiation plane antenna with high far-field radiation gain.
The first resonant frequency point can serve for Beidou high-precision positioning, and the fourth resonant frequency point can serve for WLAN wireless mobile communication, namely the antenna designed by the invention is a multifunctional antenna integrating Beidou positioning and WLAN wireless high-speed data.
The microstrip antenna is suitable for the complementary structure loading of the Beidou and WLAN systems, and can have five effective working frequency points within the range of 1.0-8.0 GHz through the combined design of the dielectric substrate, the metal grounding plate, the right-angled triangular parasitic metal patch, the metal radiation structure and the microstrip metal wire; the central resonance frequency points are respectively 1.58 plus or minus 1% GHz, 2.05 plus or minus 1% GHz, 3.92 plus or minus 1% GHz, 5.81 plus or minus 1% GHz and 7.16 plus or minus 1% GHz; the first working frequency point can serve for Beidou satellite positioning, the fourth working frequency point can serve for WLAN wireless communication, and the remaining three resonant frequency points can also realize communication of other functions; the fourth resonant frequency band less than-10 dB also has broadband characteristics, and the effective resonant frequency is 12.9%.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Variations, modifications, substitutions, integrations and parameter changes of the embodiments may be made without departing from the principle and spirit of the invention, which may be within the spirit and principle of the invention, by conventional substitution or may realize the same function.
Claims (10)
1. The loaded microstrip antenna applicable to the complementary structure of the Beidou satellite and WLAN systems is characterized by comprising a dielectric substrate (11), a metal grounding plate (17), a right-angled triangular parasitic metal patch, a metal radiation structure and a microstrip metal line (12);
the metal grounding plate (17) is arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate (11);
the right-angle triangular parasitic metal patch, the metal radiation structure and the microstrip metal line (12) are attached to the upper surface of the dielectric substrate (11);
the right-angled triangular parasitic metal patches are arranged on the left side and the right side of the metal radiation structure;
the microstrip metal line (12) is connected to the lower side of the metal radiation structure.
2. The patch of loaded microstrip antenna applicable to Beidou and WLAN system complementary structure according to claim 1, wherein the metal radiating structure comprises a rectangular metal patch (18) and a triangular metal radiating patch (13);
the rectangular metal patch (18) is arranged at the vertex angle of the upper end of the triangular metal radiation patch (13) and is connected with the vertex angle of the upper end of the triangular metal radiation patch (13);
the long side of the rectangular metal patch (18) is parallel to the lower side of the triangular metal radiation patch (13) and the upper side and the lower side of the upper surface of the dielectric substrate (11);
the length of the rectangular metal patch (18) is equal to the side length of the triangular metal radiation patch (13).
3. The loaded microstrip antenna with the complementary structure suitable for the Beidou and WLAN systems according to claim 2, wherein a rectangular metal slot (14) is further arranged on the triangular metal radiating patch (13);
the width of the rectangular metal slot (14) is smaller than that of the microstrip metal line (12);
the length of the rectangular metal gap (14) is equal to one half of the side length of the triangular metal radiation patch (13).
4. The complementary structurally loaded microstrip antenna for the Beidou and WLAN systems according to any one of claims 2 or 3, wherein the triangular metal radiating patch (13) is located at the center of the upper surface of the dielectric substrate (11);
the geometric center of the triangular metal radiation patch (13) is superposed with the geometric center of the upper surface of the dielectric substrate (11);
the lengths of three sides of the triangular metal radiating patch (13) are equal, and the lower side of the triangular metal radiating patch is parallel to the lower edge of the upper surface of the dielectric substrate (11).
5. The complementary structurally loaded microstrip antenna for beidou and WLAN systems according to claim 1 wherein said microstrip metal line (12) is arranged at the center of the lower edge of the triangular metal patch;
the length of the microstrip metal line (12) is equal to the distance between the lower edge of the triangular metal radiation patch (13) and the lower edge of the dielectric substrate (11).
6. The patch of loaded microstrip antenna applicable to Beidou and WLAN system complementary structures according to claim 1, wherein the right triangle parasitic metal patch comprises a first right triangle parasitic metal patch (15) and a second right triangle parasitic metal patch (16);
the first right-angle triangular parasitic metal patch (15) and the second right-angle triangular parasitic metal patch (16) are respectively positioned in a space formed by the triangular metal radiation patch (13) and the top rectangular metal patch (18).
7. The loaded microstrip antenna with the complementary structure suitable for the Beidou and WLAN systems according to claim 6 is characterized in that two outer sides of the first right-angled triangular parasitic metal patch (15) and the second right-angled triangular parasitic metal patch (16) are parallel to each other and to the left side and the right side of the dielectric substrate (11);
the upper sides of the first right-angle triangular parasitic metal patch (15) and the second right-angle triangular parasitic metal patch (16) are parallel to the upper side and the lower side of the medium substrate (11).
8. The complementary structurally loaded microstrip antenna for the beidou and WLAN system according to any of claims 6 or 7, wherein the upper sides of said first (15) and second (16) right-angled triangular parasitic metal patches form a right angle with two outer sides;
the two inner side edges of the first right-angle triangular parasitic metal patch (15) and the second right-angle triangular parasitic metal patch (16) are respectively parallel to the two sides near the triangular metal radiating patch (13).
9. An arrangement of complementary structurally loaded microstrip antenna for beidou and WLAN systems according to any of claims 6 or 7, wherein the distance between the upper side of the first (15) and second (16) right-angled triangular parasitic metal patch and the upper rectangular metal patch (18) is equal to the distance between the inner hypotenuses of the first (15) and second (16) right-angled triangular parasitic metal patch and the triangular metal radiating patch (13).
10. The complementary structure loaded microstrip antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 9 wherein said antenna is made of one or a combination of copper and silver.
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