CN116581550A - Feed source assembly and feed source system - Google Patents

Feed source assembly and feed source system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116581550A
CN116581550A CN202310845727.9A CN202310845727A CN116581550A CN 116581550 A CN116581550 A CN 116581550A CN 202310845727 A CN202310845727 A CN 202310845727A CN 116581550 A CN116581550 A CN 116581550A
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China
Prior art keywords
coupler
ridge
ridge waveguide
cross
ridges
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CN202310845727.9A
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CN116581550B (en
Inventor
弓金刚
张学刚
许智
朱正贤
徐鸣
卢绍鹏
白张龙
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Galaxy Aerospace Xi'an Technology Co ltd
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Galaxy Aerospace Xi'an Technology Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/02—Waveguide horns
    • H01Q13/0275—Ridged horns
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters 
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q23/00—Antennas with active circuits or circuit elements integrated within them or attached to them
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array

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  • Waveguide Switches, Polarizers, And Phase Shifters (AREA)

Abstract

The specification provides a feed source assembly and feed source system, and the feed source assembly includes cascaded four-ridge loudspeaker, first cross coupler, phase shifter, cross coupler group and ridge waveguide power divider, and cross coupler group includes the twenty-first font coupler and the thirty-first font coupler. The inner wall of the loudspeaker adopts an exponential curve structure, and the ridge arranged on the inner wall adopts a two-section exponential curve structure. The first cross-shaped coupler, the twenty-first coupler and the thirty-first coupler comprise a common port of a four-ridge circular waveguide structure and coupling ports of four single-ridge waveguide structures, and the four-ridge circular waveguide structure comprises a cone structure and a four-ridge structure which is matched with the cone structure. The phase shifter comprises two 45-degree ridge waveguide phase shifters with curve gradual change structures and a 180-degree corner ridge waveguide connector for connecting the two 45-degree ridge waveguide phase shifters. The feed source component can cover an ultra-wideband range and has good performance.

Description

Feed source assembly and feed source system
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of communications satellites, and in particular, to a feed source assembly and a feed source system.
Background
With the development of communication technology and the increasing demand for communication capacity of communication satellites, the demand for antenna bandwidth of feeder links and inter-satellite links is also increasing. Even if the communication system adopts the techniques of dual polarization multiplexing, high-order modulation and the like, the bandwidth of the currently mainstream satellite-borne Ka (K-above) frequency band broadband antenna is far from enough in the face of the communication rate requirement of tens of Gabs, even hundreds of Gbps, of the whole satellite communication capacity. In order to meet the communication capacity requirement of hundreds of Gbps on the whole satellite at hand, a satellite-borne antenna with higher frequency and wider bandwidth is developed, and the problem of insufficient bandwidth of the current main stream Ka frequency band broadband antenna is very necessary.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a feed assembly and a feed system to solve the technical drawbacks existing in the prior art.
Embodiments of the present specification provide a feed assembly comprising: the device comprises a cascaded loudspeaker, a first cross coupler, a phase shifter, a cross coupler group and a ridge waveguide power divider, wherein the cross coupler group comprises a twenty-first coupler and a thirty-first coupler.
The inner wall of loudspeaker is equipped with four ridges that are the cross and distribute, and wherein, the inner wall of loudspeaker adopts the exponential curve structure, and the ridge that the inner wall set up adopts two sections exponential curve structures.
The first cross-shaped coupler, the twenty-first coupler and the thirty-first coupler all comprise a common port of a four-ridge circular waveguide structure and coupling ports of four single-ridge waveguide structures, wherein the four-ridge circular waveguide structure comprises a cone structure and a four-ridge structure adapting to the cone structure; four ridges of a common port in the first cross-shaped coupler and the thirty-first shaped coupler are respectively arranged opposite to a single ridge of each coupling port; four ridges of a common port in the twenty-first coupler form 45-degree angles with single ridges of each coupling port.
The phase shifter comprises two 45-degree ridge waveguide phase shifters and a 180-degree turning ridge waveguide connector, wherein the 180-degree turning ridge waveguide connector is used for connecting the two 45-degree ridge waveguide phase shifters, and ridges and waveguides of the two 45-degree ridge waveguide phase shifters are of curve gradual change structures.
Optionally, the two sections of exponential curve structure adopted by the ridge arranged on the inner wall of the horn have different parameters.
Optionally, a ridge structure transition section is arranged between the public port and the coupling port, the ridge structure transition section comprises a multi-ridge waveguide transition section and a single-ridge waveguide transition section, wherein the multi-ridge waveguide transition section is arranged below the public port, the multi-ridge waveguide transition section is provided with ridges opposite to four ridges of the public port, the single-ridge waveguide transition section is arranged at the joint of the multi-ridge waveguide transition section and the coupling port, and the ridges of the single-ridge waveguide transition section are opposite to the ridges of the coupling port.
Optionally, the multi-ridge waveguide transition sections in the first cross-shaped coupler and the thirty-first shaped coupler are square four-ridge waveguide transition sections; and/or, the multi-ridge waveguide transition section in the twenty-first coupler is a circular waveguide transition section, and the circular waveguide transition section is provided with triangular ridges opposite to the ridges of the coupling port.
Optionally, the four-ridge circular waveguide structure of the common port of the first cross-shaped coupler and the thirty-first shaped coupler comprises a pyramid structure which is a rectangular pyramid structure; the four-ridge circular waveguide structure of the common port of the twenty-first coupler comprises a conical structure.
Optionally, one 45 ° ridge waveguide phase shifter of the phase shifters is connected with the coupling port of the first cross coupler, and the other 45 ° ridge waveguide phase shifter is connected with the coupling port of the twentieth coupler, and the number of the phase shifters is four.
Optionally, a thirty-first coupler is connected between the twenty-first coupler and the ridge waveguide power divider.
Optionally, the ridge waveguide power divider is of a T-shaped structure, and the number of the ridge waveguide power dividers is two; two opposite coupling ports in the thirty-first coupler are respectively connected with two ends of a ridge waveguide power divider through 180-degree turning ridge waveguide connectors.
Optionally, one 45 ° ridge waveguide phase shifter in the phase shifter is connected with the coupling port of the first cross coupler, the other 45 ° ridge waveguide phase shifter is connected with the coupling port of the thirty-first coupler, and the number of the phase shifters is four; the twenty-first coupler is connected between the thirty-first coupler and the ridge waveguide power divider.
Optionally, the ridge waveguide power divider is of a T-shaped structure, and the number of the ridge waveguide power dividers is two; two opposite coupling ports in the twenty-first coupler are respectively connected with two ends of a ridge waveguide power divider through 180-degree turning ridge waveguide connectors.
The embodiment of the specification also provides a feed source system which comprises the feed source assembly and a multiplexer connected with the ridge waveguide power divider, wherein the multiplexer is used for receiving or transmitting circularly polarized waves.
The feed source assembly comprises a horn, a first cross coupler, a phase shifter, a cross coupler group and a ridge waveguide power divider which are cascaded, wherein the cross coupler group comprises a twenty-first coupler and a thirty-first coupler. The inner wall of loudspeaker is equipped with four ridges that are the cross and distribute, and the inner wall of loudspeaker adopts the exponential curve structure, and the ridge that the inner wall set up adopts two sections exponential curve structures. The first cross-shaped coupler, the twenty-first coupler and the thirty-first coupler all comprise a common port of a four-ridge circular waveguide structure and a coupling port of four single-ridge waveguide structures, and the four-ridge circular waveguide structure comprises a cone structure and a four-ridge structure which is matched with the cone structure; four ridges of a common port in the first cross-shaped coupler and the thirty-first shaped coupler are respectively arranged opposite to a single ridge of each coupling port; four ridges of a common port in the twenty-first coupler form 45-degree angles with single ridges of each coupling port. The phase shifter comprises two 45-degree ridge waveguide phase shifters and a 180-degree turning ridge waveguide connector, wherein the 180-degree turning ridge waveguide connector is used for connecting the two 45-degree ridge waveguide phase shifters, and ridges and waveguides of the two 45-degree ridge waveguide phase shifters are of curve gradual change structures.
As the horn, the coupler and the phase shifter all adopt ridge waveguide structures, the main mode working bandwidth of the feed source assembly is expanded; the four-ridge circular waveguide structures in the first cross-shaped coupler, the twenty-first coupler and the thirty-second coupler comprise a cone structure and a four-ridge structure which is matched with the cone structure, and four ridges of a common port in the first cross-shaped coupler and the thirty-first coupler are respectively arranged opposite to single ridges of all coupling ports, so that good ultra-wideband matching performance between the common port of the four-ridge circular waveguide structure and the coupling ports of the four single-ridge waveguide structures can be realized; four ridges of a common port in the twenty-first coupler form 45-degree angles with single ridges of each coupling port respectively, 45-degree linear polarization feeding of four-ridge circular waveguides is realized, and good circular polarization performance in ultra-wide band is realized by combining a ridge waveguide phase shifter; the two 45-degree ridge waveguide phase shifters of the phase shifter adopt a curve gradual change structure, and the 180-degree turning ridge waveguide connector is connected with the two 45-degree ridge waveguide phase shifters, so that the phase shifting performance in a broadband range is improved; the inner wall of loudspeaker is through setting up four ridges that are cross distribution, and the inner wall of loudspeaker adopts the exponential curve structure, the ridge that the inner wall set up adopts two sections exponential curve structures, has realized covering ultra wide band good radio frequency performance. Therefore, the feed source component designed by the specification can cover an ultra-wideband range and has good performance.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a feed assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 (a) is a schematic block diagram of a feed assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 (b) is a schematic block diagram of another feed assembly provided by an embodiment of the present description.
Fig. 3 is an overall structure diagram of a feed source assembly provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 4 is a connection diagram of each part in a feed source assembly provided in the present specification.
Fig. 5 (a) is a three-dimensional structure diagram of an ultra-wideband cross coupler according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 5 (b) is a cross-sectional view of an ultra-wideband cross-shaped coupler according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 6 is a graph of a common port S11 of an ultra-wideband cross coupler according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a 180 ° corner ridge waveguide connector according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 8 (a) is a schematic structural diagram of a 45 ° ridge waveguide phase shifter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 8 (b) is a schematic structural diagram of a 90 ° ridge waveguide phase shifter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 8 (c) is a schematic diagram of a ridge curve of a ridge waveguide phase shifter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 9 is a graph of simulation results of a 45 ° phase shifter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 10 is a graph of simulation results of a 90 ° phase shifter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a 45 ° corner ultra-wideband cross coupler according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 12 is a graph of simulation results of a 45 ° corner ultra-wideband cross coupler according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a feed source network according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 14 is a standing wave ratio graph of two polarized ports of a feed assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 15 is a graph of isolation between two polarized ports of a feed assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 16 is a phase shift diagram of left-hand circular polarization of a feed assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of three exponential curves used in a loudspeaker according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of a horn structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 19 is a graph of simulation performance of a loudspeaker according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a feed system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Reference numerals
1-first part, 2-second part, 3-third part, 4-fourth part, 5-fifth part, 6-sixth part, 7-seventh part;
9-ultra-wideband circularly polarized feed source network, 10-horn, 20-first cross coupler, 30-phase shifter,
40-a cross coupler group, 41-a twenty-first coupler, 42-a thirty-first coupler and 50-a ridge waveguide power divider;
100-feed system, 102-feed assembly, 104-multiplexer.
Detailed Description
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present description. This description may be embodied in many other forms than described herein and similarly generalized by those skilled in the art to whom this disclosure pertains without departing from the spirit of the disclosure and, therefore, this disclosure is not limited by the specific implementations disclosed below.
The terminology used in the one or more embodiments of the specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the one or more embodiments of the specification. As used in this specification, one or more embodiments and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used in one or more embodiments of the present specification refers to and encompasses any or all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It should be understood that, although the terms first, second, etc. may be used in one or more embodiments of this specification to describe various information, these information should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one type of information from another. For example, a first may also be referred to as a second, and similarly, a second may also be referred to as a first, without departing from the scope of one or more embodiments of the present description. The word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at … …" or "at … …" or "responsive to a determination", depending on the context.
In order to cope with the application requirements of high-capacity communication on high-frequency band and wide-frequency band antennas, in recent two years, QV frequency band antennas have been started to be applied in a plurality of satellite systems on the basis of mainstream Ka frequency band communication application so as to improve the communication capacity of communication satellites. In order to further improve the communication capacity, the development of the E-band antenna is gradually being put on schedule. Currently, there are Q, V, E feed source component products with one or two frequency bands or Ka/Q, Q/V and V/W double-frequency band feed source component products, but there are no feed source component products with four frequency bands of QVE integrated, so that the communication capacity of satellites is limited to a certain extent. The QVE ultra-wideband dual circularly polarized feed source assembly can be applied to a pair of antennas, and simultaneously realizes dual circularly polarized working performance of broadband (each 5GHz bandwidth of each frequency band) in four frequency bands of Q (37.5 GHz-42.5 GHz), V (46.5 GHz-51.5 GHz) and E (71 GHz-76GHz and 81GHz-86 GHz), namely, a pair of antennas can realize the technical function of a plurality of antennas, the number of antennas on a satellite is reduced, the stressed platform resources on the satellite are effectively released, and more importantly, the application of the feed source assembly can improve the communication capacity of the satellite, and the problem that the QV load communication capacity of the current communication satellite is limited is solved.
The feed assembly of the prior art will be described first:
two K/Ka/EHF three-frequency-band feed source assemblies provided by the prior art, the working frequencies of the three frequency bands are respectively: tx= (19.5,21.2) GHz; rx1= (29.2,31.0) GHz; rx2= (43.5,44.0) GHz, the highest operating frequency to 44.0GHz. The K/Ka/EHF three-frequency-band feed source assembly in the reverse extraction mode is characterized in that a high-frequency-band (EHF frequency band) signal is coupled through an extremely high-frequency (EHF, extremely High Frequency) coupler and an EHF band-stop filter, then a Ka frequency-band signal is coupled in a similar mode, and finally the K frequency-band signal is directly used as a lowest frequency-band (K frequency-band) signal; the K/Ka/EHF three-frequency-band feed source component in a mixed extraction mode is characterized in that firstly, the lowest-frequency (K frequency band) signal is coupled in a traditional mode, then the Ka frequency band and the EHF frequency band are coupled in a reverse extraction mode to obtain the EHF signal, and finally the Ka frequency band signal is directly output. The feed assembly involves Q frequency bands but does not contain V and E frequency bands.
The prior art also provides a Q/V frequency band receiving and transmitting shared double circular polarization feed source component product, and the working frequency is as follows: the feed source adopts a reverse coupling extraction mode at 40.5-42.5GHz and 48.2-50.2GHz, and the product has a compact transverse envelope of about 25mm to be applied to a multi-beam feed source array. The working frequency band of the feed source component does not cover the E frequency band, and the working bandwidth of the Q/V frequency band is narrow.
The prior art also provides a Ka/Q/V band feed link feed assembly that is required to have a compact transverse envelope for use in a multi-beam antenna. By combining an advanced manufacturing process method and an electrical design, compared with a traditional feed source assembly multi-part processing mode, the feed source assembly has the advantages that a connecting flange and a screw are removed, assembly and assembly among feed source parts are avoided, and reliability and development efficiency of products are improved.
The prior art also provides a Q/V band feed assembly for high throughput satellites (HTS, high Throughput Satellite) for replacing the original commonly employed Ka feed link antenna on board the satellite to increase satellite communications capacity. The feed source component is a four-port receiving and transmitting shared dual-polarized feed source component, and the transverse envelope size is smaller than 39mm. The feed source component adopts a sandwich design mode, namely a design mode of fastening by adding screws through a laminated structure.
The prior art also provides a V/W wide-band double-circular polarization feed source assembly. The working frequency of the feed source component is as follows: v frequency band 47:5~52:5GHz, W frequency band 81~86 GHz, here W frequency band is a part of E frequency band. The feed source component adopts a wideband (double-frequency-band) orthogonal Mode coupler (OMT) structure, the working frequency band covers V frequency band and W frequency band, then the frequency division is carried out through a filter, and two polarization ports of each frequency band after the frequency division are respectively connected with a V frequency band and W frequency band 3dB bridge, so that the circular polarization performance is realized. The feed source component adopts a sandwich design mode, namely a design mode of fastening by adding screws through a laminated structure.
The above-mentioned prior art schemes can show that, although the design scheme of the multiband feed source assembly is related, the design scheme of frequency grading extraction coupling is adopted, and in this way, although the design scheme of broadband can be realized, the broadband range is only suitable for individual frequency bands, the working bandwidth is limited, and the coverage of a plurality of frequency bands cannot be realized.
In order to solve the problems, the specification provides a feed source assembly and a feed source system, wherein the feed source assembly comprises a horn, a first cross coupler, a phase shifter, a cross coupler group and a ridge waveguide power divider which are cascaded, and the cross coupler group comprises a twenty-first coupler and a thirty-first coupler. The inner wall of loudspeaker is equipped with four ridges that are the cross and distribute, and the inner wall of loudspeaker adopts the exponential curve structure, and the ridge that the inner wall set up adopts two sections exponential curve structures. The first cross-shaped coupler, the twenty-first coupler and the thirty-first coupler all comprise a common port of a four-ridge circular waveguide structure and a coupling port of four single-ridge waveguide structures, and the four-ridge circular waveguide structure comprises a cone structure and a four-ridge structure which is matched with the cone structure; four ridges of a common port in the first cross-shaped coupler and the thirty-first shaped coupler are respectively arranged opposite to a single ridge of each coupling port; four ridges of a common port in the twenty-first coupler form 45-degree angles with single ridges of each coupling port. The phase shifter comprises two 45-degree ridge waveguide phase shifters and a 180-degree turning ridge waveguide connector, wherein the 180-degree turning ridge waveguide connector is used for connecting the two 45-degree ridge waveguide phase shifters, and ridges and waveguides of the two 45-degree ridge waveguide phase shifters are of curve gradual change structures.
As the horn, the coupler and the phase shifter all adopt ridge waveguide structures, the main mode working bandwidth of the feed source assembly is expanded; the four-ridge circular waveguide structures in the first cross-shaped coupler, the twenty-first coupler and the thirty-second coupler comprise a cone structure and a four-ridge structure which is matched with the cone structure, and four ridges of a common port in the first cross-shaped coupler and the thirty-first coupler are respectively arranged opposite to single ridges of all coupling ports, so that good ultra-wideband matching performance between the common port of the four-ridge circular waveguide structure and the coupling ports of the four single-ridge waveguide structures can be realized; four ridges of a common port in the twenty-first coupler form 45-degree angles with single ridges of each coupling port respectively, 45-degree linear polarization feeding of four-ridge circular waveguides is realized, and good circular polarization performance in ultra-wide band is realized by combining a ridge waveguide phase shifter; the two 45-degree ridge waveguide phase shifters of the phase shifter adopt a curve gradual change structure, and the 180-degree turning ridge waveguide connector is connected with the two 45-degree ridge waveguide phase shifters, so that the phase shifting performance in a broadband range is improved; the inner wall of loudspeaker is through setting up four ridges that are cross distribution, and the inner wall of loudspeaker adopts the exponential curve structure, the ridge that the inner wall set up adopts two sections exponential curve structures, has realized covering ultra wide band good radio frequency performance. Therefore, the feed source component designed by the specification can cover an ultra-wideband range and has good performance.
In this specification, a feed assembly is provided, and is described in detail in the following embodiments.
Fig. 1 shows a block diagram of a feed source assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, which specifically includes: a cascaded horn 10, a first cross coupler 20, a phase shifter 30, a cross coupler group 40, and a ridge waveguide power divider 50, wherein the cross coupler group 40 includes a twentieth coupler 41 and a thirty-first coupler 42. The connection order of the twenty-first coupler 41 and the thirty-first coupler 42 shown in fig. 1 is only one way, and the connection order may be adjusted.
Four ridges which are distributed in a cross shape are arranged on the inner wall of the loudspeaker 10, wherein the inner wall of the loudspeaker 10 adopts an exponential curve structure, the ridges arranged on the inner wall also adopt an exponential curve structure, and the exponential curve structure adopted by the ridges is a two-section exponential curve structure;
the first cross coupler 20, the twenty-first coupler 41 and the thirty-first coupler 42 each comprise a common port of a four-ridge circular waveguide structure and coupling ports of four single-ridge waveguide structures, wherein the four-ridge circular waveguide structures comprise a cone structure and a four-ridge structure adapting to the cone structure; four ridges of a common port in the first cross coupler 20 and the thirty-first coupler 42 are respectively arranged opposite to a single ridge of each coupling port; four ridges of a common port in the twenty-first coupler 41 form 45-degree angles with single ridges of each coupling port respectively;
The phase shifter 30 comprises two 45 ° ridge waveguide phase shifters and one 180 ° corner ridge waveguide connector, wherein the 180 ° corner ridge waveguide connector is used for connecting the two 45 ° ridge waveguide phase shifters, and the ridge and the waveguide of the two 45 ° ridge waveguide phase shifters adopt a curve gradual change structure.
Wherein, the inner wall of loudspeaker is through setting up four ridges that are cross distribution, and the inner wall adopts the exponential curve structure, the ridge that the inner wall set up adopts two sections exponential curve structures, can realize covering ultra wide band good radio frequency performance, consequently, loudspeaker in this specification still can be called four spine circle waveguide broadband loudspeaker, need each other contactless between four ridges of this loudspeaker inner wall.
The cross coupler comprises a public port of a four-ridge circular waveguide structure and a coupling port of four single-ridge waveguide structures, and the four-ridge circular waveguide structure comprises a cone structure and a four-ridge structure which is matched with the cone structure, so that the cross coupler can achieve good ultra-wideband matching performance between the public port of the four-ridge circular waveguide structure and the coupling port of the four single-ridge waveguide structures, and has good matching performance in a wideband range with a relative bandwidth of 84.6% (36.5 GHz-90 GHz). Therefore, the cross-shaped coupler provided by the embodiments of the present specification may also be referred to as an ultra-wideband cross-shaped coupler. Specifically, the four-ridge circular waveguide structure of the common port of the first cross coupler 20 and the thirty-first coupler 42 includes a pyramid structure that is a rectangular pyramid structure; the four-ridge circular waveguide structure of the common port of the twenty-first coupler 41 comprises a conical structure, four ridges of the common port in the twenty-first coupler 41 form 45-degree corners with single ridges of the coupling ports respectively, 45-degree linear polarization feeding of the four-ridge circular waveguide is achieved, good circular polarization performance in ultra-wide band is achieved by combining a ridge waveguide phase shifter, and the four-ridge circular waveguide structure is a key component for achieving circular polarization performance.
The two 45-degree ridge waveguide phase shifters of the phase shifter adopt a curve gradual change structure, and the 180-degree turning ridge waveguide connector is used for connecting the two 45-degree ridge waveguide phase shifters, so that the phase shifting performance in a broadband range is improved. Thus, the phase shifter provided by the embodiments of the present specification may also be referred to as an ultra wideband phase shifter.
In summary, the feed source component provided in the present specification may be referred to as a QVE ultra-wideband dual circularly polarized feed source component, where the working frequency band covers bandwidths of 5GHz in four frequency bands of Q (37.5 GHz-42.5 GHz), V (46.5 GHz-51.5 GHz) and E (71 GHz-76GHz, 81GHz-86 GHz), the external interface is two dual ridge waveguide ports, which are respectively a right-hand circularly polarized port and a left-hand circularly polarized port, and the schematic block diagram of the scheme is shown in fig. 2 (a) and fig. 2 (b), where the rear end can be connected with a duplexer or multiplexer to implement connection with a receiver or a transmitter in each frequency band. Fig. 2 (a) is a schematic block diagram of a feed source assembly provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, and fig. 2 (b) is a schematic block diagram of another feed source assembly provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, where the electrical performance components include a four-ridge waveguide wideband horn, an ultra-wideband cross coupler, an ultra-wideband phase shifter, a 45 ° corner ultra-wideband cross coupler, an ultra-wideband ridge waveguide power divider, and the like. The position of the 45-degree corner ultra-wideband cross coupler can be designed in two ways, and is an equivalent structure, as shown in fig. 2 (a) and 2 (b). Fig. 3 is an overall structure diagram of a feed source assembly provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. The entire feed assembly can be divided into two major parts: the loudspeaker 10 and the ultra-wideband circularly polarized feed source network 9, wherein the loudspeaker 10 is a four-ridge circular waveguide broadband loudspeaker. Because the feed source component has high working frequency and small inner cavity structure, in structural design, except for a loudspeaker 10, an ultra-wideband circularly polarized feed source network 9 adopts a layer-cut design mode, and fig. 4 is a connection relation diagram of all components in the feed source component provided by the specification, wherein the right side structures (central parts) of a first component 1 and a second component 2 form an ultra-wideband cross coupler; the left side structure of the second component 2 and the right side structure (center portion) of the third component 3 form a 45-degree corner ultra-wideband cross coupler; the left-hand structure of the first member 1, the right-hand structure of the second member 2 and the third member 3 (without the center portion, only the four arms of the cross structure) constitute an ultra wideband phase shifter. The left side structure of the third component 3 and the right side structure (central portion) of the fourth component 4 constitute another ultra-wideband cross coupler, the left side structure of the fourth component 4 and the fifth component 5 constitute one ultra-wideband ridge waveguide power divider, and the left side structure of the sixth component 6 and the seventh component 7 constitute another ultra-wideband ridge waveguide power divider.
In order to realize QVE broadband dual circular polarization transceiving sharing, a four-ridge circular waveguide broadband loudspeaker and an ultra-wideband circular polarization feed source network are designed, and a feed source assembly of the embodiment of the specification is provided. The ridge waveguide structure is adopted in the design, so that the working bandwidth of a main mode of the feed source assembly is expanded. By reasonably selecting the ridge waveguide size, the low-frequency end of the working frequency band is guaranteed to be free from cutoff, and the high-frequency band has good high-order mode inhibition performance. The feed source design avoids the adoption of the traditional hierarchical coupling technical scheme, adopts the design scheme of cascading an ultra-wideband cross coupler, an ultra-wideband shifter, a 45-degree corner ultra-wideband cross coupler and an ultra-wideband ridge waveguide power divider, and finally realizes the separation of QVE four-frequency-band signals through a multiplexer.
As the horn, the coupler and the phase shifter all adopt ridge waveguide structures, the main mode working bandwidth of the feed source assembly is expanded; the four-ridge circular waveguide structures in the first cross-shaped coupler, the twenty-first coupler and the thirty-first coupler comprise a rectangular pyramid structure and a four-ridge structure adapting to the rectangular pyramid structure, and four ridges of a common port in the first cross-shaped coupler and the thirty-first coupler are respectively opposite to single ridges of all coupling ports, so that good ultra-wideband matching performance between the common port of the four-ridge circular waveguide structure and the coupling ports of the four single-ridge waveguide structures can be realized; four ridges of a common port in the twenty-first coupler form 45-degree angles with single ridges of each coupling port respectively, 45-degree linear polarization feeding of four-ridge circular waveguides is realized, and good circular polarization performance in ultra-wide band is realized by combining a ridge waveguide phase shifter; the two 45-degree ridge waveguide phase shifters of the phase shifter adopt a curve gradual change structure, and the 180-degree turning ridge waveguide connector is connected with the two 45-degree ridge waveguide phase shifters, so that the phase shifting performance in a broadband range is improved; the inner wall of loudspeaker is through setting up four ridges that are cross distribution, and the inner wall adopts the exponential curve structure, the ridge that the inner wall set up adopts two sections exponential curve structures, has realized covering super wide band good radio frequency performance. Therefore, the feed source component designed by the specification can cover an ultra-wideband range and has good performance.
The following describes each component in the feed assembly separately.
The ultra-wideband cross coupler is one of key and core components of the feed source assembly provided by the embodiments of the present specification. In order to facilitate the realization of the integral feed source layer profile structural design and the cascading of the ultra-wideband phase shifter, the ultra-wideband cross coupler can be in a flattened design. The ultra-wideband cross coupler has five ports in total, the common port is of a four-ridge circular waveguide structure, and the diameter size is smaller and is only 3mm; the other four coupling ports are of a single-ridge waveguide structure.
In one implementation of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the coupling port couples electromagnetic wave energy by way of E-plane coupling. The E-plane coupling can realize a compact structure, and is convenient for the design of a laminated structure.
The four-ridge circular waveguide structure comprises a middle cone structure and a four-ridge structure adapting to the cone structure, the four-ridge structure is a special optimized structure, and can be specifically an inclined surface structure, as shown in fig. 5 (a), fig. 5 (a) is a three-dimensional structure diagram of an ultra-wideband cross coupler provided by the embodiment of the present specification, and the ultra-wideband cross coupler is the first cross coupler 20, so that good ultra-wideband matching performance with four single-ridge waveguide structures can be realized through the design.
In one implementation of the embodiments of the present description, a ridge structure transition is provided between the common port and the coupled port.
The ridge structure transition section can ensure that the ultra-wideband cross coupler has good matching performance in a wideband range.
Specifically, the ridge structure transition section comprises a multi-ridge waveguide transition section and a single-ridge waveguide transition section, wherein the multi-ridge waveguide transition section is arranged below the common port, the multi-ridge waveguide transition section is provided with ridges opposite to four ridges of the common port, the single-ridge waveguide transition section is arranged at the joint of the multi-ridge waveguide transition section and the coupling port, and the ridges of the single-ridge waveguide transition section are opposite to the ridges of the coupling port.
A section of multi-ridge waveguide transition section and a small-size single-ridge waveguide transition section are loaded between a common port of the four-ridge circular waveguide structure and a coupling port of the four single-ridge waveguide structure, and the structures can enable the ultra-wideband cross coupler to have good matching performance in a wideband range with a relative bandwidth of 84.6% (36.5 GHz-90 GHz).
Specifically, the common port in the first cross-shaped coupler and the thirty-first coupler is of a four-ridge structure, each ridge is opposite to each ridge of each coupling port, and the multi-ridge waveguide transition section in the first cross-shaped coupler and the thirty-first coupler is a square four-ridge waveguide transition section.
As shown in fig. 5 (b), a cross-sectional view of an ultra-wideband cross-shaped coupler according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown, where the ultra-wideband cross-shaped coupler is the first cross-shaped coupler 20; as shown in fig. 6, a graph of the common port S11 of the ultra-wideband cross-shaped coupler provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, it can be seen from the graph that the ultra-wideband cross-shaped coupler has good matching performance in a wideband range with a relative bandwidth of 84.6% (36.5 ghz-90 ghz).
The ultra-wideband phase shifting technology solves the problem of realizing the wideband circular polarization performance of the embodiment of the specification. In the embodiment of the specification, the phase shifter adopts a ridge waveguide structure, and the width dimensions of the two ridge waveguides and the width direction of the middle single ridge both adopt curve gradual change structures, so that the phase shifting performance in the broadband range is improved. In order to reduce the transverse envelope size of the feed source, the 90-degree phase shifter is folded 180 degrees in half and then connected with the cross coupler. However, for such a wide bandwidth, the two ridge waveguide bent connecting waveguide structure will produce parasitic phase, which will affect the broadband performance of the phase shifter. Meanwhile, regarding the broadband 180-degree turning ridge waveguide connector structure, the electric index performance is considered, meanwhile, the processing feasibility of the structure is also required to be considered, the traditional ridge waveguide turning is an arc turning, and in order to achieve layer splitting processing, the broadband 180-degree turning ridge waveguide connector is achieved by adopting two right-angle turning, and the processing implementation and the broadband performance are considered, and a special matching structure is designed in the opposite side direction of a ridge in the middle part, as shown in fig. 7, and is a structural schematic diagram of the 180-degree turning ridge waveguide connector provided for the embodiment of the specification. Through the design, the distance between two layers of ridge waveguides can be controlled within a certain range, for example, 2mm, so that the design of the laminated structure is convenient to realize.
Based on this, the present embodiment provides a ridge waveguide ultra-wideband phase shifter, the wideband 90 ° phase shifter is changed to a 45 ° ridge waveguide phase shifter, so that the phase shifter ports are all in the same ridge waveguide structure, so that the upper and lower 45 ° ridge waveguide phase shifters can be connected through the same 180 ° corner ridge waveguide connector to realize the wideband 90 ° phase shifter, as shown in fig. 8 (a) and fig. 8 (b), fig. 8 (a) is a schematic structural diagram of a 45 ° ridge waveguide phase shifter provided in the present embodiment, and fig. 8 (b) is a schematic structural diagram of a 90 ° ridge waveguide phase shifter provided in the present embodiment, where the 90 ° ridge waveguide phase shifter is the phase shifter 30. In practical situations, the broadside dimension of the ridge waveguide is not fixed, but gradually changed, and the broadside dimension of the middle position is larger or smaller than the broadside dimension of the two ends of the ridge waveguide, where the broadside dimension of the middle position is larger than the broadside dimension of the two ends of the ridge waveguide, as shown in fig. 8 (a) and fig. 8 (b), and the broadside dimension of the middle position is smaller than the broadside dimension of the two ends of the ridge waveguide, which is not repeated herein, and the width of the middle ridge is similar, and the width is not fixed and gradually changed. This gradual change enables the phase shifter to have better phase performance in the ultra wideband range. The curves are cosine function curves, and the curve function equation is: x=del_d (pi/2*z/L), del_d is the curve variation, z is the curve length direction coordinate, L is half of the curve length of the phase shifter, as shown in fig. 8 (c), and fig. 8 (c) is a schematic diagram of a ridge curve of a ridge waveguide phase shifter according to the embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 9 is a graph of simulation results of a 45 ° phase shifter provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, and fig. 10 is a graph of simulation results of a 90 ° phase shifter provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, comparing with the graph, it can be known that the phase shifter provided in the present disclosure can implement a wideband 90 ° phase shifter.
The ultra-wideband cross coupler and the ultra-wideband phase shifter form an ultra-wideband circular polarizer, and in order to realize the circular polarization working performance of the final feed source assembly, the ultra-wideband circular polarizer is required to be subjected to 45-degree linear polarization feed by the cross coupler. In the feed source component system formed by adopting the circular waveguides, no specific design is needed, and two circular waveguides are directly connected. For four-ridge circular waveguides, two four-ridge circular waveguides rotate 45 degrees to perform linear polarization direct connection, the four-ridge waveguides are completely misplaced, and transmission performance cannot be achieved. That is, the four-ridge circular waveguide cannot realize 45 ° linear polarization feeding by simply rotating 45 ° to realize double circular polarization performance.
In order to solve the core problem, the embodiment of the specification provides a 45-degree corner ultra-wideband cross coupler (namely a twenty-first coupler), which well solves the bottleneck problem of 45-degree linear polarization feed, is a key ring which can be realized by the high-performance feed source assembly, and is one of core components of the ultra-wideband feed source assembly. The 45-degree corner ultra-wideband cross coupler in the embodiment of the specification is a cross coupler structure corresponding to a four-ridge structure in a four-ridge circular waveguide and four coupled single-ridge waveguide ports in a non-parallel manner, namely, four ridges of a common port form a 45-degree corner with the single ridge of each coupled port respectively, and four ridges of the four coupled single-ridge waveguide ports and the four-ridge circular waveguide form a 45-degree rotation relationship.
In one implementation of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the multi-ridge waveguide transition in the twentieth coupler is a circular waveguide transition, and the circular waveguide transition is provided with triangular ridges opposite the ridges of the coupling port.
The middle coupling structure part of the 45-degree corner ultra-wideband cross coupler is provided with a conical matching structure, and meanwhile, between two-stage four-ridge circular waveguides and four single-ridge waveguides, four triangular ridges parallel to the four single-ridge waveguides are loaded through a circular waveguide four-ridge transition section, a small-ridge rectangular waveguide matching section, so that an 8-ridge-like structure is formed in a core coupling local area, the performance that after four single-ridge waveguides are combined into four-ridge circular waveguides, linear polarization electromagnetic wave signals are decomposed into two mutually orthogonal 45-degree linear polarization signals is well achieved, 45-degree linear polarization feeding of the four-ridge waveguides is achieved, and the bottleneck problem of 45-degree linear polarization feeding is solved.
Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a 45 ° corner ultra-wideband cross coupler provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure, where the 45 ° corner ultra-wideband cross coupler is a twentieth-shaped coupler 41, and fig. 12 is a graph of simulation results of the 45 ° corner ultra-wideband cross coupler provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and it can be seen that in a wideband range of 36.5-87 ghz, return loss of a four-ridged circular waveguide port is less than 20dB.
In one implementation of the embodiments of the present disclosure, one 45 ° ridge waveguide phase shifter of one phase shifter is connected to the coupling port of the first cross coupler, and the other 45 ° ridge waveguide phase shifter is connected to the coupling port of the twentieth coupler, and the number of phase shifters is four.
In the feed source assembly structure as shown in fig. 2 (b), the phase shifter is connected between the ultra wideband cross coupler and the 45 ° corner ultra wideband cross coupler, and because the coupling ports of the ultra wideband cross coupler and the 45 ° corner ultra wideband cross coupler are four, one end of one phase shifter is connected with one coupling port of the ultra wideband cross coupler, the other end is connected with the 45 ° corner ultra wideband cross coupler, i.e. one 45 ° ridge waveguide phase shifter in the phase shifter is connected with the coupling port of the first cross coupler, and the other 45 ° ridge waveguide phase shifter is connected with the coupling port of the twentieth cross coupler.
In one implementation of the embodiments of the present description, a thirty-first coupler is connected between the twenty-first coupler and the ridge waveguide power divider.
The thirty-first cross coupler and the first cross coupler are ultra-wideband cross couplers, as shown in fig. 2 (b), which are connected between the 45-degree corner ultra-wideband cross coupler and the ridge waveguide power divider.
In one implementation manner of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the ridge waveguide power splitters have a T-shaped structure, and the number of ridge waveguide power splitters is two; two opposite coupling ports in the thirty-first coupler are respectively connected with two ends of a ridge waveguide power divider through 180-degree turning ridge waveguide connectors.
The ridge waveguide power divider can be arranged into a T-shaped structure, the number of the ridge waveguide power dividers is two, and then the connection mode between the ultra-wideband cross coupler and the ridge waveguide power divider can be as follows: two opposite coupling ports in the ultra-wideband cross coupler are respectively connected with two ends of a ridge waveguide power divider through 180-degree turning ridge waveguide connectors.
In one implementation manner of the embodiment of the present disclosure, one 45 ° ridge waveguide phase shifter of one phase shifter is connected to the coupling port of the first cross-shaped coupler, and the other 45 ° ridge waveguide phase shifter is connected to the coupling port of the thirty-first coupler, and the number of the phase shifters is four; the twenty-first coupler is connected between the thirty-first coupler and the ridge waveguide power divider.
In the feed source assembly structure as shown in fig. 2 (a), the phase shifter is connected between the ultra-wideband cross coupler and the ultra-wideband cross coupler, the 45-degree corner ultra-wideband cross coupler is between the ultra-wideband cross coupler and the ridge waveguide power divider, and as the number of the coupling ports of the two ultra-wideband cross couplers is four, one end of one phase shifter is connected with one coupling port of the ultra-wideband cross coupler, the other end of the phase shifter is connected with the other ultra-wideband cross coupler, namely, one 45-degree ridge waveguide phase shifter in the phase shifter is connected with the coupling port of the first cross coupler, and the other 45-degree ridge waveguide phase shifter is connected with the coupling port of the thirty-th cross coupler.
In one implementation manner of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the ridge waveguide power splitters have a T-shaped structure, and the number of ridge waveguide power splitters is two; two opposite coupling ports in the twenty-first coupler are respectively connected with two ends of a ridge waveguide power divider through 180-degree turning ridge waveguide connectors.
The ridge waveguide power divider can be arranged into a T-shaped structure, the number of the ridge waveguide power dividers is two, and then the connection mode between the 45-degree corner ultra-wideband cross coupler and the ridge waveguide power divider can be as follows: two opposite coupling ports in the 45-degree corner ultra-wideband cross coupler are respectively connected with two ends of one ridge waveguide power divider through 180-degree corner ridge waveguide connectors.
On the basis of the above, the embodiment of the specification provides a broadband ridge waveguide T-shaped power divider and a corresponding right-angle turning 180-degree turning single ridge waveguide connector, and the above components are integrally optimized according to the connection relation of a principle block diagram, so that the design of the QVE ultra-wideband feed source assembly is completed. Fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a feed source network provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, and adopts a technical solution shown in the schematic block diagram of fig. 2 (b). Fig. 14 is a graph of standing wave ratio of two polarized ports of a feed source assembly provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein VSWR (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio) represents a port voltage standing wave ratio, fig. 15 is a graph of isolation of two polarized ports of a feed source assembly provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, and fig. 16 is a graph of phase shift of left-hand circular polarization of a feed source assembly provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. From these several simulation curves, it can be seen that the feed assembly has good performance over a wide frequency band.
In order to match the configuration parameters of the reflector antenna, the horn is designed to be within +/-15 degrees, and the irradiation level is-10 dB to-14 dB. In order to realize the good radio frequency performance of the QVE ultra wide band, the horn adopts a four-ridge horn structure, the inner wall of the horn adopts an exponential curve structure, and each ridge also adopts an exponential curve structure.
In one implementation of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the two exponential curve structures used by the ridge provided by the inner wall of the horn have different parameters. The parameters of the exponential curve structure adopted by the inner wall of the horn can also be different from the parameters of the two sections of exponential curve structures adopted by the ridge arranged on the inner wall.
The parameters of the exponential curve structures adopted by the inner wall of the loudspeaker and the ridges are different, and the parameters of the two sections of exponential curve structures adopted by each ridge are also different, the exponential curve structures of the ridges are divided into a loudspeaker section exponential curve structure and a matching section exponential curve structure, and an exponential curve equation is shown in a formula (1). The index curve structure of the inner wall of the loudspeaker and the two ridge index curve structures respectively correspond to index curves of different parameters. Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of three index curves used in a loudspeaker according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of a loudspeaker structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and fig. 19 is a simulation performance graph of a loudspeaker according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. It can be seen that the embodiments of the present description achieve good radio frequency performance covering QVE ultra-wideband.
（1）
Wherein a is 0 Represents the radial distance at z=0; a, a L Represents the radial distance at z=l; l is the length of the exponential curve equation in the Z direction; a is a linearity parameter additionally added to an exponential curve equation; r is the expansion coefficient.
Specifically, for the inner wall exponential curve structure of the horn 10, the parameters in the exponential curve equation described above may be set as: a, a 0 =1.5，a L 17.6, l=65, r=0.0220572, a=0.307835, z ranging from 0 to 65;
for the horn section exponential curve structure, the parameters in the exponential curve equation can be set as follows: a, a 0 =0.42， a L 17.6, l=65, r=0.1553422, a=0.276766, z ranging from 7.4 to 65;
for the matching segment exponential curve structure, the parameters in the exponential curve equation can be set as follows: a, a 0 =0.42， a L =1.835，L=7.4, r=0.2998336, a=0.8666955, z ranges from 0 to 7.4.
The embodiment of the specification also provides a feed system, as shown in fig. 20, and fig. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of the feed system provided in the embodiment of the specification. The feed system 100 includes a feed assembly 102 and a multiplexer 104 coupled to the ridge waveguide power splitter, wherein the multiplexer is configured to receive or transmit circularly polarized waves. The structure of the feed source component 102 is the same as that of the feed source component in the foregoing embodiment, and will not be described herein again.
As shown in fig. 2 (a) and 2 (b), a multiplexer may be connected after the ridge waveguide power divider to form a feed system, and the multiplexer is used to receive or transmit the left-hand circularly polarized wave and the right-hand circularly polarized wave.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the specification overcomes the inherent narrow bandwidth defect of the traditional hierarchical coupling implementation multi-frequency-band feed source technical scheme and the problem of limited bandwidth of the current broadband design scheme, and provides the QVE ultra-wideband feed source component which is used for covering four frequency bands of Q (37.5 GHz-42.5 GHz), V (46.5 GHz-51.5 GHz), E (71 GHz-76GHz and 81GHz-86 GHz) (each 5GHz bandwidth of each frequency band) and is circularly polarized, so that the problem of limited bandwidth of a high-frequency feed source is solved, the technical function of replacing multiple antennas by one antenna can be realized, and the communication capacity of a communication satellite is improved.
In addition, the whole flattening design of the feed source network can be designed and processed in a layer-splitting mode, so that the processing difficulty and cost are reduced, and the product processing efficiency is improved.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Herein, "equal," "same," etc. are not strictly mathematical and/or geometric limitations, but also include deviations that may be appreciated by those skilled in the art and allowed by fabrication or use, etc.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Unless otherwise indicated, numerical ranges herein include not only the entire range within both of its endpoints, but also the several sub-ranges contained therein.
While the preferred embodiments and examples of the present application have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present application is not limited to the above-described embodiments and examples, and various changes may be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present application.
The preferred embodiments of the present specification disclosed above are merely used to help clarify the present specification. Alternative embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the application to the precise form disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the disclosure and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best understand and utilize the disclosure. This specification is to be limited only by the claims and the full scope and equivalents thereof.

Claims (11)

1. A feed assembly, comprising: the device comprises a cascaded loudspeaker, a first cross coupler, a phase shifter, a cross coupler group and a ridge waveguide power divider, wherein the cross coupler group comprises a twenty-first coupler and a thirty-first coupler;
Four ridges which are distributed in a cross shape are arranged on the inner wall of the loudspeaker, wherein the inner wall adopts an exponential curve structure, and the ridges arranged on the inner wall adopt two sections of exponential curve structures;
the first cross-shaped coupler, the twenty-first coupler and the thirty-second coupler all comprise a common port of a four-ridge circular waveguide structure and coupling ports of four single-ridge waveguide structures, wherein the four-ridge circular waveguide structure comprises a cone structure and a four-ridge structure which is matched with the cone structure; four ridges of a common port in the first cross-shaped coupler and the thirty-first shaped coupler are respectively arranged opposite to a single ridge of each coupling port; four ridges of a common port in the twenty-first coupler form 45-degree angles with single ridges of each coupling port respectively;
the phase shifter comprises two 45-degree ridge waveguide phase shifters and a 180-degree turning ridge waveguide connector, wherein the 180-degree turning ridge waveguide connector is used for connecting the two 45-degree ridge waveguide phase shifters, and ridges and waveguides of the two 45-degree ridge waveguide phase shifters are of curve gradual change structures.
2. The feed assembly of claim 1 wherein the ridges of the inner wall arrangement have different parameters for the two exponential curve configurations.
3. The feed assembly of claim 1, wherein a ridge structure transition is disposed between the common port and the coupling port, the ridge structure transition comprising a multi-ridge waveguide transition and a single-ridge waveguide transition, wherein the multi-ridge waveguide transition is disposed below the common port, the multi-ridge waveguide transition is provided with ridges opposite four ridges of the common port, the single-ridge waveguide transition is disposed at a junction of the multi-ridge waveguide transition and the coupling port, and the ridges of the single-ridge waveguide transition are disposed opposite the ridges of the coupling port.
4. The feed assembly of claim 3 wherein the multi-ridge waveguide transition in the first cross-shaped coupler, the thirty-first shaped coupler is a square four-ridge waveguide transition; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the multi-ridge waveguide transition section in the twenty-first coupler is a circular waveguide transition section, and the circular waveguide transition section is provided with triangular ridges opposite to the ridges of the coupling port.
5. The feed assembly of claim 1 wherein the four-ridged circular waveguide structure of the common port of the first cross-shaped coupler, the thirty-th figure of the coupler comprises a pyramid structure that is a quadrangular pyramid structure;
The four-ridge circular waveguide structure of the common port of the twenty-first coupler comprises a conical structure.
6. The feed assembly of any one of claims 1-5 wherein one of the phase shifters is connected to a coupling port of the first cross coupler and another 45 ° ridge waveguide phase shifter is connected to a coupling port of the twentieth coupler, the number of phase shifters being four.
7. The feed assembly of claim 6 wherein the thirty-first coupler is connected between the twenty-first coupler and the ridge waveguide power divider.
8. The feed assembly of claim 7 wherein the ridge waveguide power splitters are of T-shaped configuration, the number of ridge waveguide power splitters being two;
two opposite coupling ports in the thirty-first coupler are respectively connected with two ends of one ridge waveguide power divider through 180-degree turning ridge waveguide connectors.
9. The feed assembly of any one of claims 1-5 wherein one of the phase shifters is connected to a coupling port of the first cross coupler and another 45 ° ridge waveguide phase shifter is connected to a coupling port of the thirty-first coupler, the number of phase shifters being four; the twenty-first coupler is connected between the thirty-first coupler and the ridge waveguide power divider.
10. The feed assembly of claim 9 wherein the ridge waveguide power splitters are of T-shaped configuration, the number of ridge waveguide power splitters being two;
two opposite coupling ports in the twenty-first coupler are respectively connected with two ends of one ridge waveguide power divider through 180-degree turning ridge waveguide connectors.
11. A feed system comprising a feed assembly as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10 and a multiplexer connected to the ridge waveguide power divider, wherein the multiplexer is adapted to receive or transmit circularly polarised waves.
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