CN115673192A

CN115673192A - Method and mold for manufacturing disc-shaped member

Info

Publication number: CN115673192A
Application number: CN202211403556.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 金俊松; 章一丁; 邓磊; 温红宁; 杨贺阳; 王新云; 龚攀; 张茂; 唐学峰; 牛勇
Original assignee: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2022-11-10
Filing date: 2022-11-10
Publication date: 2023-02-03

Abstract

The application relates to a method for manufacturing a disc-shaped part and a die, wherein the method for manufacturing the disc-shaped part comprises the following steps: placing the blank in the center of the die cavity of the lower die block; the upper module and the pressure rod are controlled to synchronously move towards the lower module at a first linear speed, and the upper module and the lower module are controlled to reversely rotate at a first angular speed respectively, so that the first material pushing groove and the second material pushing groove provide radially outward thrust acting on the blank; under the condition that the upper module and the lower module are contacted with each other, the pressing rod and the ejector rod are controlled to clamp and fix the blank so as to prevent the blank from rotating; the upper module and the lower module are controlled to rotate reversely at a second angular speed respectively, so that the first material pushing groove and the second material pushing groove roll the end face of the blank until the end face of the blank reaches a preset flatness. The manufacturing method and the die for the disc-shaped part can simplify the process flow, improve the production efficiency and ensure the performance stability of the forging.

Description

Method and mold for manufacturing disc-shaped member

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of disc-shaped part manufacturing, in particular to a disc-shaped part manufacturing method and a die.

Background

The disc-shaped part is widely applied to the fields of electric power, nuclear energy, aerospace and the like, particularly as a core component of an aviation engine and an aerospace engine, and the forming quality of the disc-shaped part influences the working performance of the engine to a great extent. The conventional method for manufacturing a disc-shaped part is to form a target part from a bar-shaped blank through a pre-forging and finish-forging processing route. In the related technology, in order to ensure full filling of a forged piece and improve forming defects, a multi-step forming method is adopted, and two sets of different dies are designed respectively according to forming characteristics of pre-forging and finish forging steps, so that full deformation of a blank in each step is ensured. However, the multi-step forming process is long in flow, low in production efficiency, and the complex thermal deformation history causes that the performance stability of the forging is difficult to control.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, a disc-shaped part manufacturing method and a die are needed to be provided, so that the process flow is simplified, the production efficiency is improved, and the performance stability of the forging is ensured.

According to a first aspect of the present application, an embodiment of the present application provides a disc manufacturing method, including:

placing the blank in the center of the impression of the lower mold block;

controlling the upper module and the pressure lever to synchronously move towards the lower module at a first linear speed, and controlling the upper module and the lower module to reversely rotate at a first angular speed respectively, so that the first material pushing groove and the second material pushing groove provide a radially outward thrust acting on the blank;

under the condition that the upper die block and the lower die block are contacted with each other, controlling the compression bar and the ejector rod to clamp and fix the blank so as to prevent the blank from rotating;

and controlling the upper module and the lower module to reversely rotate at a second angular speed respectively so that the first material pushing groove and the second material pushing groove roll the end surface of the blank until the end surface of the blank reaches a preset flatness.

In one embodiment, a plane perpendicular to the first axis and tangent to the inner wall of the cavity of the upper module is defined as a first tangent plane, and a plane perpendicular to the first axis and tangent to the inner wall of the cavity of the lower module is defined as a second tangent plane;

the upper module is provided with a plurality of first spiral lines distributed around the circumference of the first axis on the first section, and a first material pushing groove is formed between every two adjacent first spiral lines;

the lower module is provided with a plurality of second spiral lines distributed around the circumference of the first axis on the second tangent plane, and a second material pushing groove is formed between every two adjacent second spiral lines;

the rotary direction of the first spiral line is opposite to the rotary direction of the upper module, and the rotary direction of the second spiral line is opposite to the rotary direction of the lower module.

In one embodiment, the first spiral and the second spiral are shaped as one of an archimedean spiral, an involute, or a first predetermined curve;

the first preset curve is formed by a parameter equation of a parameter theta relative to coordinates x and y:

x＝e ^-dθ cosθ

y＝e ^-dθ sinθ

the first angular velocity ω ₁ The function with respect to the deformation time t is:

wherein v is ₁ Is a first linear velocity, d is a first predetermined constant, L ₀ Is the initial height of the blank.

In one embodiment, the value of the first preset constant d satisfies the following condition:

d＝0.5

d＝1

d＝2

wherein the content of the first and second substances,

is the diameter of the disc.

In one embodiment, a cylindrical surface with the first axis as a central axis is defined as a reference cylindrical surface;

and the intersecting line of the first material pushing groove, the second material pushing groove and the reference cylindrical surface is a smooth arc line.

In one embodiment, the intersection line of the first material pushing groove and the second material pushing groove with the reference cylindrical surface is a second preset curve;

the equation of the second preset curve with respect to the coordinates s and p is as follows:

0≤s≤l

and a is a second preset constant, and l is the distance between two intersection points of two adjacent first spiral lines or second spiral lines and the reference cylindrical surface.

In one embodiment, the value of the second preset constant a satisfies the following condition:

a＝(0.25～0.4)D _min

wherein D is _min Is the distance between the starting points of two adjacent first spirals or second spirals.

In one embodiment, the first linear velocity ranges from 1 to 10mm/s; and/or

The second angular velocity ranges from 0.01 to 0.02rad/s.

In one embodiment, the controlling the press rod and the ejector rod to clamp and fix the billet to prevent the billet from rotating when the upper die block and the lower die block are in contact with each other specifically comprises:

and under the condition that the upper die block and the lower die block are in contact with each other, controlling the pressure rod to apply preset pressure to the blank so as to clamp and fix the blank.

According to a second aspect of the present application, embodiments of the present application further provide a mold for manufacturing a disc, including an upper mold block, a compression bar, a lower mold block, and a top bar;

the pressure rod and the ejector rod are constructed as a revolving body and are coaxially arranged by taking a first axis as a revolving center;

the compression bar penetrates through the upper module and extends into the die cavity of the upper module, and the ejector rod penetrates through the lower module and extends into the die cavity of the lower module;

the die cavity of the upper die block is provided with a plurality of first material pushing grooves which are bent and extended outwards from the center, and the die cavity of the lower die block is provided with a plurality of second material pushing grooves which are bent and extended outwards from the center;

when the upper module and the lower module rotate reversely, the first material pushing groove and the second material pushing groove can provide radial outward thrust acting on the blank.

In the disk part manufacturing method and the die, the plurality of first material pushing grooves bent and extended outwards from the center are arranged in the die cavity of the upper die block, the plurality of second material pushing grooves bent and extended outwards from the center are arranged in the die cavity of the lower die block, in the pre-forging step, the upper die block and the lower die block are controlled to rotate reversely at a constant speed while the upper die block and the pressure rod synchronously move towards the lower die block, so that the blank at the end part flows into the first material pushing grooves and the second material pushing grooves, and radial outward thrust is applied to the blank by using the first material pushing grooves and the second material pushing grooves, so that the influence of the friction force between the die and the blank on the radial flow velocity of the blank at the end part is reduced, the radial flow velocity of the blank at the end part is close to the radial flow velocity at the middle part, the blank is prevented from being cracked due to drum shape, the forming limit of the material is improved, and the blank is ensured to be fully deformed in the pre-forging step. In the finish forging step, the upper module and the lower module are controlled to rotate reversely at a constant speed while the pressing rod and the ejector rod clamp the blank, so that the blank flows out of the first material pushing groove and the second material pushing groove, the first material pushing groove and the second material pushing groove are utilized to roll the end face of the blank flatly, and the blank is guaranteed to deform fully in the finish forging step.

The manufacturing method and the die of the disc-shaped part can finish the pre-forging and finish-forging processing of the blank by adopting a set of die, and can ensure the full deformation of the blank in each step. Therefore, the blank does not need to be transferred among different dies, and on one hand, the process steps are reduced, so that the process flow is simplified, and the production efficiency is improved. On the other hand, the blank does not need to be heated and insulated repeatedly, and the performance stability of the forge piece is ensured. In addition, the blank metal deforms along the circumferential direction under the pushing of the first material pushing groove and the second material pushing groove, so that the deformation of the material is increased, the structure can be refined, and the comprehensive mechanical property of the forge piece is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a disc manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a mold according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 at A;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a mold prior to the start of forming in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the blank in its initial configuration according to one embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a mold during a pre-forging step according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of a blank of an intermediate form according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a die at a finish forging step according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the blank in its final form in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the impression of the lower mold block in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the impression of the lower block of FIG. 10 from another perspective;

FIG. 12 is a graph of a first predetermined curve in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the die cavity of the lower die block of FIG. 10 in a reference cylindrical plane;

fig. 14 is a graph of a second predetermined curve according to an embodiment of the present application.

Description of reference numerals:

100. a mold;

101. an upper module; 1011. a first material pushing groove; 1012. a first spiral line; 1013. a first flash tank; 102. a pressure lever; 103. a lower module; 1031. a second material pushing groove; 1032. a second spiral line; 1033. a second flash tank; 1034. a rim portion; 104. a top rod; 105. a first driving member; 106. a second driving member; 107. a ring gear member; 108. a first gear; 109. a second gear; 110. mounting a template; 111. fixing a sleeve; 112. a first bearing; 113. a fixed seat; 114. a second bearing;

10. a blank; 10a, a blank in an initial form; 10b, an intermediate form blank; 10c, a blank in a final form;

o, a first axis; B. a first section; C. a second section; D. reference is made to a cylindrical surface.

Detailed Description

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, embodiments accompanying figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. This application is capable of embodiments in many different forms than those described herein and that modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the application and it is therefore not intended to be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present application and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the present application.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can include, for example, fixed connections, removable connections, or integral parts; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be interconnected within two elements or in a relationship where two elements interact with each other unless otherwise specifically limited. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.

In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through intervening media. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature "under," "beneath," and "under" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not denote a unique embodiment.

The disc-shaped part is widely applied to the fields of electric power, nuclear energy, aerospace and the like, particularly as a core component of an aviation engine and an aerospace engine, and the forming quality of the disc-shaped part influences the working performance of the engine to a great extent. In recent years, with rapid development in various fields, the demand for large-sized disc-shaped members has increased. The existing manufacturing method of the disc-shaped part is to blank a rod-shaped blank by a flat die, and then form a target part by the rod-shaped blank through a processing route of preforging and finish forging.

When a bar-shaped blank is forged, the deformation mode of the metal blank is similar to compression deformation, and the radial flow velocity of the blank in the middle part is higher than that of the blank at the end part due to the action of friction force between a die and the blank, so that the blank is drum-shaped; meanwhile, the commonly used materials of the disc-shaped part applied to the engine are high-temperature alloy, titanium alloy and other alloys which are difficult to deform, the high-temperature deformation resistance is large, the hot processing window is small, and the defects of insufficient filling or edge cracking and the like are easy to occur during forging. In addition, the high-temperature forging time of the disc-shaped part is long, the grain refining speed obtained by deformation is not enough to offset the grain growing speed, so that grains are coarse, the performance of a final forging piece is greatly reduced, and the mechanical properties such as high-temperature tensile property, creep deformation, fatigue resistance and the like of the large-size disc-shaped part under long-term severe working conditions are difficult to meet.

Because the generation of disc-shaped piece forming defects is closely related to the filling flow and the deformation degree of metal in a die cavity, the forming defects are improved mainly by improving the structure of the die cavity and a forming process or ensuring the forge piece to be filled fully by adopting multi-step forming in the current research. For example, in a related patent, by providing spherical crown-shaped protrusions on upper and lower dies, the contact area of the billet and the die at the instant contact is reduced, the cooling rate of the workpiece is delayed, and the metal fluidity is increased. However, in the prior art, an isothermal forging method is often adopted for forging high-temperature alloys and titanium alloys, the temperature difference between the die and the blank is small, and the improvement effect of reducing the temperature difference between the blank and the die by reducing the contact area on the flowability of the blank is very limited. In another related patent, two different sets of dies are designed for the forming characteristics of the preforging and finish forging steps, respectively, to ensure that the blank deforms sufficiently in each step. However, the multi-step forming process has long flow, low production efficiency and complicated thermal deformation history, which causes the performance stability of the forging to be difficult to control. Therefore, further research is required for the manufacturing method and the mold for the disc-shaped member.

In view of the problems in the related art, the embodiment of the application provides a disc-shaped part manufacturing method and a die, so as to simplify the process flow, improve the production efficiency and ensure the performance stability of a forged part.

FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a method of manufacturing a disc according to an embodiment of the present application; FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a mold in an embodiment of the present application; fig. 3 shows a partial enlarged view at a in fig. 2.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1-3, embodiments of the present application provide a disc manufacturing method that uses a tailored die 100 to machine a blank. The mold 100 includes an upper mold block 101, a pressing rod 102, a lower mold block 103, and a top rod 104, wherein the pressing rod 102 and the top rod 104 are configured as a rotary body and are coaxially disposed with a first axis O as a rotary center. The press rod 102 penetrates through the upper module 101 and extends into a die cavity of the upper module 101, and the ejector rod 104 penetrates through the lower module 103 and extends into a die cavity of the lower module 103. The cavity of the upper module 101 has a plurality of first material pushing grooves 1011 extending to be curved outward from the center, and the cavity of the lower module 103 has a plurality of second material pushing grooves 1031 extending to be curved outward from the center. The method comprises the following steps:

and S101, placing the blank in the center of the die cavity of the lower die block.

Fig. 4 shows a schematic view of a mold before forming begins in an embodiment of the present application, and fig. 5 shows a schematic view of a blank in an initial form in an embodiment of the present application.

This step is a preparatory step before the start of forming, and is explained with reference to the drawings. Specifically, referring to fig. 4 and 5, the die 100 is first installed in a press (not shown), the upper die block 101 and the press rod 102 are driven by the press to move upwards to open the die, so as to reserve an operating space for placing a bar-shaped blank (blank 10a in an initial form), and then the blank 10 is placed in the center of the die cavity of the lower die block 103, so that the lower die block 103 is aligned with the center of the blank 10 to enable the blank 10 to flow uniformly from the center to the outside in the whole forming process. Optionally, spraying a lubricant into the die cavity is included before placing the blank 10, so as to reduce friction and adhesion between the blank 10 and the die 100, thereby prolonging the service life of the die, reducing energy consumption and improving the quality of the forged piece.

S102, the upper module and the pressing rod are controlled to synchronously move towards the lower module at a first linear speed, and the upper module and the lower module are controlled to reversely rotate at a first angular speed respectively, so that the first material pushing groove and the second material pushing groove provide radially outward thrust acting on the blank.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a mold during a pre-forging step according to an embodiment of the present application; fig. 7 shows a schematic view of a blank in an intermediate form according to an embodiment of the present application.

This step corresponds to a pre-forging step in the blank forming process for obtaining an intermediate-form blank 10b having a size and shape similar to the size and shape of the target forging (disc), and will be described with reference to the drawings. In particular, with reference to fig. 6 and 7, the upper die block 101 and the presser bar 102 are carried by the press at a first linear speed v ₁ Synchronously descending and controlling the upper module 101 and the lower module 103 to respectively rotate at a first angular speed omega ₁ And reversely rotating until the upper module 101 and the lower module 103 contact with each other to clamp the mold 100. Optionally, the first linear velocity v ₁ The value range of (1-10 mm/s) ensures that the blank 10 is subjected to superplastic deformation at a lower strain rate, and reduces the deformation resistance.

In the process of synchronously descending the upper module 101 and the pressing rod 102, the two ends of the blank 10 are pressed into the first material pushing slot 1011 and the second material pushing slot 1031. Because the first material pushing groove 1011 and the second material pushing groove 1031 are configured to bend and extend from the center outwards, when the upper die block 101 and the lower die block 103 rotate relative to the blank 10, the extrusion force of the first material pushing groove 1011 and the second material pushing groove 1031 on the blank metal inside the first material pushing groove 1011 and the second material pushing groove 1031 has a component force which is radially outwards, namely, a radially outwards pushing force acting on the blank 10, so as to reduce the influence of the friction force between the die 100 and the blank 10 on the radial flow velocity of the blank 10 at the end part, thereby enabling the radial flow velocity of the blank 10 at the end part to be close to the radial flow velocity at the middle part, avoiding the blank 10 from generating drum shape to cause cracking, improving the forming limit of the material, ensuring that the blank is fully deformed in the pre-forging step, and obtaining the blank 10b in the middle shape.

And S103, under the condition that the upper module and the lower module are contacted with each other, controlling the compression rod and the ejector rod to clamp and fix the blank to avoid the blank to rotate.

And S104, controlling the upper module and the lower module to reversely rotate at a second angular speed respectively so that the first material pushing groove and the second material pushing groove roll the end surface of the blank until the end surface of the blank reaches a preset flatness.

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a die at a finish forging step according to an embodiment of the present application; fig. 9 shows a schematic view of the structure of the blank in its final form in an embodiment of the present application.

These two steps correspond to the finish forging step in the blank forming process for obtaining the target forging, i.e., the blank 10c in the final form, which is described with reference to the drawings. Specifically, referring to fig. 8 and 9, in the state where the upper and lower die blocks 101 and 103 are in contact with each other, the stationary blank 10 is clamped by the press control ram 102 and the ejector 104, and then the upper and lower die blocks 101 and 103 are controlled at the second angular velocity ω, respectively ₂ And (4) rotating in the reverse direction. Optionally, a second angular velocity ω ₂ The value range of the forging is 0.01-0.02 rad/s, and the lower rotating speed is beneficial to reducing the forming force during rolling, increasing the deformation, refining crystal grains and improving the forming quality of two end faces of the forging.

In the process that the upper die block 101 and the lower die block 103 rotate relative to the blank 10, the blank metal flows out of the first material pushing groove 1011 and the second material pushing groove 1031, the first material pushing groove 1011 and the second material pushing groove 1031 roll and flatten the end face of the blank 10, the blank is guaranteed to be fully deformed in the final forging step, and the blank 10c in the final shape is obtained. The purpose of the pressing rod 102 and the top rod 104 to clamp and fix the blank 10 is to prevent the blank 10 from rotating together with the module contacted with the other surface and slipping after one surface of the blank 10 is rolled flat, thereby affecting the blank forming. Optionally, the preset flatness may be set according to the surface quality requirement of the target forging, which is not limited in this application.

Therefore, the manufacturing method of the disc-shaped part can finish the pre-forging and the finish forging of the blank by using one set of dies, and can ensure that the blank is fully deformed in each step. Therefore, the blank does not need to be transferred among different dies, and on one hand, the process steps are reduced, so that the process flow is simplified, and the production efficiency is improved. On the other hand, the blank does not need to be heated and insulated repeatedly, and the performance stability of the forge piece is ensured. In addition, the blank metal deforms along the circumferential direction under the pushing of the first material pushing groove 1011 and the second material pushing groove 1031, so that the deformation of the material is increased, the structure can be refined, and the comprehensive mechanical property of the forge piece is improved.

In particular, the manufacturing method and the die of the present application have a significant advantage in manufacturing a large-sized disc-shaped member having a small height-to-diameter ratio and a flat outer shape, compared to the conventional manufacturing method and die.

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the impression of the lower die block in an embodiment of the present application; fig. 11 shows a schematic view of the impression of the lower module of fig. 10 from another perspective.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 3, 9 and 10, a plane perpendicular to the first axis O and tangential to the inner wall of the die cavity of the upper module 101 is defined as a first tangent plane B, and a plane perpendicular to the first axis O and tangential to the inner wall of the die cavity of the lower module 103 is defined as a second tangent plane C. The upper module 101 has a plurality of first spiral lines 1012 circumferentially distributed around the first axis O on the first tangent plane B, and a first pushing groove 1011 is formed between two adjacent first spiral lines 1012. The lower module 103 has a plurality of second spiral lines 1032 circumferentially distributed around the first axis O on the second tangent plane C, and a second material pushing slot 1031 is formed between two adjacent second spiral lines 1032. The first helix 1012 has a direction of rotation opposite to that of the upper module 101, and the second helix 1032 has a direction of rotation opposite to that of the lower module 103. In this way, the plurality of first material pushing grooves 1011 of the upper module 101 and the plurality of second material pushing grooves 1031 of the lower module 103 are all formed as a plurality of spiral grooves distributed along a continuous circumference, and the rotation direction of the spiral grooves is opposite to the rotation direction of the module where the spiral grooves are located, so that the first material pushing grooves 1011 and the second material pushing grooves 1031 can uniformly apply force to the two ends of the blank 10 in the circumferential direction, and the blank forming effect in the pre-forging step and the finish forging step is ensured. Optionally, the number of the first spiral line 1012 and the second spiral line 1032 is 20, the cavity of the upper module 101 has 20 first pushing grooves 1011, and the cavity of the lower module 103 has 20 second pushing grooves 1031.

Fig. 12 shows a graph of a first predetermined curve in an embodiment of the present application.

In particular to some embodiments, referring to fig. 5, 6, 11 and 12, the shape of the first helix 1012 and the second helix 1032 is configured as a first predetermined curve defined by a parametric equation for the parameter θ with respect to the coordinates x, y as:

x＝e ^-dθ cosθ

y＝e ^-dθ sinθ

first angular velocity ω ₁ The function with respect to the deformation time t is:

In particular, the first predetermined curve is derived from the relation between the radius of the cylinder and the radial flow rate of the blank front and the deformation time. When the first spiral line 1012 and the second spiral line 1032 are configured as the first predetermined curve, and the first angular velocity ω is set to the first predetermined curve ₁ When the deformation time t changes according to the function, the radial flow velocity of the blank 10 at the end part and the radial flow velocity of the blank 10 at the middle part tend to be consistent, the outer diameter of the blank 10 at the end part is equal to the outer diameter of the blank 10 at the middle part to the maximum extent, and therefore the blank 10 is cracked due to drum shape. Optionally, the value of the first preset constant d and the value range of the parameter θ are determined according to actual needs, which are not limited in the present application. The curve shown in fig. 12 is the shape of the first predetermined curve when d =0.5 and θ e (-3 pi, 3 pi), and the second spiral 1032 on the lower module 103 in fig. 11 is a portion taken on the first predetermined curve shown in fig. 12.

In particular to other embodiments, the shape of the first and

second spirals

1012, 1032 may also be configured as archimedean spirals or involutes similar to the first predetermined curve shape.

Analysis of the parameter equation of the first preset curve shows that the larger the constant d, the smaller the curvature of the curve is. Further, the value of the first preset constant d satisfies the following condition:

d＝0.5

d＝1

d＝2

wherein the content of the first and second substances,

is the diameter of the disc.

FIG. 13 shows a cross-sectional view of the die cavity of the lower die block of FIG. 10 at a reference cylinder; fig. 14 shows a graph of a second predetermined curve in an embodiment of the present application.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 10 and 13, a cylindrical surface with the first axis O as a central axis is defined as a reference cylindrical surface D, and the intersection lines of the first material pushing groove 1011 and the second material pushing groove 1031 and the reference cylindrical surface D are smooth arcs. In this way, the material can be ensured to flow smoothly in the first material pushing groove 1011 and the second material pushing groove 1031. Alternatively, the shape of the smooth arc may be configured as one of a parabola, a sine curve, or a circular arc.

In some embodiments, the intersection line of the first material pushing slot 1011 and the second material pushing slot 1031 with the reference cylindrical surface D is a second preset curve, the shape of the second preset curve is a sine curve, and the equation of the second preset curve with respect to the coordinates s and p is:

0≤s≤l

where a is a second preset constant, and l is a distance between two intersection points of two adjacent first spiral lines 1012 and second spiral lines 1032 and the reference cylindrical surface D.

As can be seen from the equation of the second preset curve and the structural analysis in fig. 10 and 13, the value of the second preset constant a is equal to half of the depth of the first material pushing slot 1011 and the second material pushing slot 1031. The larger the groove depth (i.e. the larger the value of the second preset constant a), the more the blank metal is located in the first material pushing groove 1011 and the second material pushing groove 1031, the higher the efficiency of pushing the blank metal to flow outwards, but at the same time, the higher the risk of causing metal shearing deformation. Therefore, it is necessary to control the groove depth within an appropriate range. The proper groove depth is beneficial to improving the efficiency of the first material pushing groove 1011 and the second material pushing groove 1031 in pushing the blank metal to flow radially outwards in the pre-forging step, and can avoid the metal shearing deformation caused by the outflow of the blank metal in the finish forging step of the first material pushing groove 1011 and the second material pushing groove 1031.

Further, the value of the second preset constant a satisfies the following condition:

a＝(0.25～0.4)D _min

wherein D is _min Is the distance between the start points of two adjacent first and

second spirals

1012, 1032.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 3 and 10, the outer periphery of the die cavity of the upper die block 101 is provided with a first flash groove 1013 and the outer periphery of the die cavity of the lower die block 103 is provided with a second flash groove 1033. In this way, the total volume of the blank 10 can be set to be slightly larger than that of the target forged piece, so as to ensure that in the finish forging step, the die cavity can be completely filled after the blank metal flows out of the first material pushing groove 1011 and the second material pushing groove 1031, and the redundant blank metal can flow into the flash groove, so as to ensure that the forged piece is formed in place.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 8, the step S103 specifically includes: the control strut 102 applies a preset pressure P to the blank 10 to clamp and fix the blank 10, with the upper and

lower modules

101 and 103 in contact with each other. In this way, the preset pressure P provides a frictional resistance greater than the difference between the torques applied by the upper die block 101 and the lower die block 103 to deform the blank 10, thereby preventing the blank 10 from rotating with the upper die block 101 or the lower die block 103.

Specifically, the value of the preset pressure P satisfies the following condition:

P＝(2～3.5)F

wherein the unit of P is kN, F is the projected area of the forging including the flash bridge part, and the unit of F is cm ² 。

As an alternative embodiment, the die 100 is mounted on a double-action press, the double-action press has an outer slide block and an inner slide block which can move and press independently from each other, the upper die block 101 is connected with the outer slide block, the press rod 102 is connected with the inner slide block, the upper die block 101 is driven by the outer slide block to move up and down, the press rod 102 is driven by the inner slide block 102 to move up and down, thereby realizing synchronous downward movement of the upper die block 101 and the press rod 102 in the pre-forging step and further pressing of the press rod 102 in the final forging step.

In some embodiments, before step S101, it is further required to heat the upper module 101, the lower module 103 and the blank 10 to a preset temperature, and keep the blank 10 warm for a preset time. Heating and holding the blank 10 helps to improve the metal fluidity of the blank 10 to ensure that the blank 10 is sufficiently deformed during subsequent forming, and preheating the die 100 helps to protect the die 100 and improve the efficiency of use of the die 100.

Further, when the material of the blank 10 is a high temperature alloy, the preset temperature is 50 to 150 ℃ lower than the complete dissolution temperature of the gamma' phase of the high temperature alloy, and the preset time is 2 to 3 hours. The preset temperature is in a range with good plasticity of the high-temperature alloy, so that the deformation resistance in the forming process can be effectively reduced, meanwhile, the gamma' phase exists in the high-temperature alloy at the preset temperature, the growth of crystal grains is effectively inhibited through pinning a crystal boundary, and a fine grain structure is obtained. When the blank 10 is made of titanium alloy, the preset temperature is 20-50 ℃ lower than the beta-phase transition temperature of the titanium alloy, and the preset time is 1-2 hours. The preset temperature is in a titanium alloy two-phase region, the alpha phase can inhibit the growth of crystal grains, and a two-state structure with excellent performance is obtained after forging.

Based on the same inventive concept, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the embodiment of the present application further provides a mold 100 for manufacturing a disc-shaped part, which includes an upper mold block 101, a compression bar 102, a lower mold block 103, and a top bar 104. The press rod 102 and the ejector rod 104 are constructed as rotary bodies and are coaxially arranged by taking the first axis O as a rotary center, the press rod 102 penetrates through the upper die block 101 and extends into a die cavity of the upper die block 101, and the ejector rod 104 penetrates through the lower die block 103 and extends into a die cavity of the lower die block 103. The cavity of the upper module 101 has a plurality of first material pushing grooves 1011 extending to be curved outward from the center, and the cavity of the lower module 103 has a plurality of second material pushing grooves 1031 extending to be curved outward from the center. When the upper module 101 and the lower module 103 rotate in opposite directions, the first material pushing slot 1011 and the second material pushing slot 1031 can provide a radially outward pushing force on the blank 10. The above disc manufacturing method can be implemented using the die 100, thereby simplifying the process flow, improving the production efficiency, and ensuring the performance stability of the forging.

In some embodiments, with continued reference to fig. 2, the mold 100 further includes a first drive 105 and a second drive 106. The first driving member 105 is in transmission connection with the upper module 101 to drive the upper module 101 to rotate. The second driving member 106 is in transmission connection with the lower module 103 to drive the lower module 103 to rotate reversely relative to the upper module 101. In this way, the upper die block 101 and the lower die block 103 can be driven by the first driving member 105 and the second driving member 106 to rotate in opposite directions at a constant speed in the pre-forging step and the finish forging step, so that the pushing action and the rolling action can be realized.

In particular to the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the mold 100 further includes a ring gear member 107, a first gear 108, and a second gear 109, and the upper outer wall of the lower mold block 103 has a ring gear portion 1034. The gear ring piece 107 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the lower portion of the upper module 101, the first driving piece 105 is configured as a first motor, the first gear 108 is fixedly arranged on a driving shaft of the first motor, and the gear ring piece 107 is meshed with the first gear 108 so as to realize transmission connection between the first driving piece 105 and the upper module 101. The second driver 106 is configured as a second motor, the second gear 109 is fixedly arranged on a driving shaft of the second motor, and the ring gear portion 1034 is engaged with the second gear 109 to realize the transmission connection between the second driver 106 and the lower module 103.

In some embodiments, the mold 100 further comprises an upper mold plate 110, a retaining sleeve 111, and a first bearing 112. The fixing sleeve 111 is fixedly connected to the upper die plate 110, and the upper die block 101 is rotatably disposed in the fixing sleeve 111 by means of a first bearing 112. The first bearing 112 can reduce the friction coefficient during the rotation of the upper block 101 and ensure the revolution accuracy. Alternatively, the number of the first bearings 112 is two, and the two first bearings 112 are configured as two tapered roller bearings oppositely arranged in the first axis O direction, so as to provide sufficient axial and radial supporting force to the upper die block 101 in the pre-forging step and the finish-forging step.

In some embodiments, mold 100 further includes a holder 113 and a second bearing 114. The lower module 103 is rotatably disposed in the fixing base 113 via a second bearing 114. The second bearing 114 can reduce the friction coefficient during the rotation of the lower module 103 and ensure the revolution accuracy. Optionally, second bearing 114 is configured as a tapered roller bearing to provide sufficient axial and radial support to lower die block 103 during the pre-forging step and the finish forging step.

Specifically, the illustrated operation of the mold 100 mounted to a double action press includes the following steps: the upper module 101 is connected with the outer slide block through the upper template 110, and the press rod 102 is connected with the inner slide block, so that the outer slide block and the inner slide block drive the upper module 101 and the press rod 102 to move up and down. The lower module 103 is mounted on the table through a fixing base 113. The ejector pin 104 is connected to an ejector device, so that the target forging is ejected by the ejector pin 104 after the forming is completed.

In summary, the disk-shaped member manufacturing method and the die can finish the pre-forging and finish-forging processing of the blank by using one set of die, and can ensure that the blank is fully deformed in each step. Therefore, the blank does not need to be transferred among different dies, and on one hand, the process steps are reduced, so that the process flow is simplified, and the production efficiency is improved. On the other hand, the blank does not need to be heated and insulated repeatedly, and the performance stability of the forge piece is ensured. In addition, the blank metal deforms along the circumferential direction under the pushing of the first pushing groove 1011 and the second pushing groove 1031, so that the deformation amount of the material is increased, the structure can be refined, and the comprehensive mechanical property of the forge piece is improved.

The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the claims. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. The manufacturing method of the disc-shaped part is characterized in that a blank is processed by using a die, the die comprises an upper die block, a pressure lever, a lower die block and an ejector rod, and the pressure lever and the ejector rod are constructed into a rotary body and are coaxially arranged by taking a first axis as a rotary center; the compression bar penetrates through the upper module and extends into the die cavity of the upper module, and the ejector rod penetrates through the lower module and extends into the die cavity of the lower module; the die cavity of the upper die block is provided with a plurality of first material pushing grooves which are bent and extended outwards from the center, and the die cavity of the lower die block is provided with a plurality of second material pushing grooves which are bent and extended outwards from the center;

the disc manufacturing method includes:

placing the blank in the center of the impression of the lower mold block;

2. A disc-shaped member manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein a plane perpendicular to the first axis and tangential to the inner wall of the bore of the upper block is defined as a first tangent plane, and a plane perpendicular to the first axis and tangential to the inner wall of the bore of the lower block is defined as a second tangent plane;

3. A disc-shaped member manufacturing method according to claim 2, wherein the shape of the first spiral and the second spiral is configured as one of an archimedean spiral, an involute, or a first predetermined curve;

x＝e ^-dθ cosθ

y＝e ^-dθ sinθ

4. A disc-shaped member manufacturing method according to claim 3, wherein the value of the first predetermined constant d satisfies the following condition:

wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the diameter of the disc.

5. A method for manufacturing a disc-shaped member according to claim 1, wherein a cylindrical surface having the first axis as a central axis is defined as a reference cylindrical surface;

6. The disc-shaped member manufacturing method according to claim 5, wherein the intersection line of the first and second pusher grooves with the reference cylindrical surface is a second preset curve;

0≤s≤l

7. A disc-shaped member manufacturing method according to claim 6, wherein the second predetermined constant a is set to a value satisfying the following condition:

a＝(0.25～0.4)D _min

8. A disc-shaped member manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the first linear velocity has a value in the range of 1 to 10mm/s; and/or

The value range of the second angular velocity is 0.01-0.02 rad/s.

9. The disc manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the controlling the press bar and the ejector pin to clamp and fix the billet to avoid the billet from rotating under the condition that the upper die block and the lower die block are in contact with each other specifically comprises:

10. A mould for manufacturing a disc-shaped part is characterized by comprising an upper module, a compression bar, a lower module and an ejector rod;

the compression bar and the ejector rod are constructed as a revolving body and are coaxially arranged by taking a first axis as a revolving center;

the compression rod penetrates through the upper module and extends into the die cavity of the upper module, and the ejector rod penetrates through the lower module and extends into the die cavity of the lower module;