CN115650789B - Foliar fertilizer special for pseudo-ginseng - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses a foliar fertilizer special for pseudo-ginseng, and belongs to the technical field of pseudo-ginseng planting. The special foliar fertilizer for pseudo-ginseng comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 3 to 5 parts of lycoris radiata extract, 0.3 to 0.5 part of vegetable oil, 20 to 30 parts of threonine chelate potassium, 5 to 8 parts of calcium superphosphate, 3 to 6 parts of sensitized titanium dioxide, 5 to 8 parts of boric acid, 1 to 2 parts of ferric sulfate, 3 to 4 parts of ammonium molybdate and 2 to 3 parts of magnesium sulfate. The foliar fertilizer can obviously improve the potassium content in plant leaves and rhizomes, thereby improving the resistance of pseudo-ginseng to root rot; meanwhile, the foliar fertilizer can promote photosynthesis of plants, improve stress resistance of the plants, further improve disease resistance of the plants and improve yield of pseudo-ginseng.

Description

Foliar fertilizer special for pseudo-ginseng

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of pseudo-ginseng planting, in particular to a foliar fertilizer special for pseudo-ginseng.

Background

Notoginseng radix is dry root and rhizome of Notoginseng radix of Araliaceae, and is a rare Chinese medicinal material. The pseudo-ginseng has the main effects that: dilating blood vessel, lowering blood pressure, improving microcirculation, increasing blood flow, and preventing and treating ischemia and anoxia of heart and brain tissue; promoting metabolism of blood cells, balancing and regulating blood cells; two-way central nerve regulation, brain improvement, learning and memory enhancement; enhancing immunity and resisting tumor; hemostasis, activating blood circulation to dissipate blood stasis; liver protection and anti-inflammatory; delaying aging; has good effects of regulating blood sugar, reducing blood lipid and cholesterol, inhibiting arteriosclerosis, etc. Therefore, there is a great market demand.

At present, the wild pseudo-ginseng is quite rare, and the existing pseudo-ginseng is cultivated manually. The continuous cropping land for planting the pseudo-ginseng generally needs to continuously crop for more than 10 years, and can be planted again even for 30 years, so that the interval period is long, and the problem of continuous cropping obstacle is serious. The technical means for preventing and treating the root rot of the pseudo-ginseng in the continuous cropping land mainly utilizes chemical agents for fumigation, but the chemical agents have longer fumigation period, and a series of negative effects such as environmental pollution and the like are caused by excessively applying the chemical agents, so that the human health is even endangered.

Disclosure of Invention

The application aims to provide a foliar fertilizer special for pseudo-ginseng so as to solve the problems in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides the following solutions:

one of the technical schemes of the application is as follows: the special foliar fertilizer for pseudo-ginseng comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3 to 5 parts of lycoris radiata extract, 0.3 to 0.5 part of vegetable oil, 20 to 30 parts of threonine chelate potassium, 5 to 8 parts of calcium superphosphate, 3 to 6 parts of sensitized titanium dioxide, 5 to 8 parts of boric acid, 1 to 2 parts of ferric sulfate, 3 to 4 parts of ammonium molybdate and 2 to 3 parts of magnesium sulfate.

The lycoris extract contains more than ten alkaloids such as lycorine, pseudo-lycorine, colchicine, lycoramine, galanthamine and the like, can be effectively attached to the surfaces of plant leaves under the action of vegetable oil, improves the photosynthesis capacity of plants, further makes plants stronger and is more beneficial to resisting diseases.

The notoginseng root rot is a root disease, the conventional potash fertilizer is adopted for spraying, the content of potassium ions transported to the root is low, the prevention and treatment effect on the root rot is poor, and threonine chelated potassium can not only improve the utilization rate of potassium ions, but also promote the transportation of potassium ions in plants, so that the potassium ions rapidly act on the plant root, and the resistance of the plants to the root rot is improved.

Sensitization of the combination of titanium dioxide, boric acid and superphosphate can improve the photosynthesis capacity of plants; and calcium ions in the superphosphate can also promote the absorption of potassium ions by plants.

Further, the preparation of the lycoris radiata extract specifically comprises the following steps: pulverizing Bulbus Lycoridis Radiatae homogenate, adding ethanol solution, ultrasonic extracting, and rotary evaporating the extractive solution to remove ethanol to obtain Bulbus Lycoridis Radiatae extract.

Further, the mass/volume ratio of the lycoris to the ethanol solution is 1g (20-30) mL; the volume fraction of the ethanol solution is 75-85%; the ultrasonic extraction time is 2-3 h.

Further, the vegetable oil is palm oil.

Further, the preparation of the threonine chelate potassium specifically comprises: dissolving threonine in water, adding soluble potassium salt, stirring uniformly, reacting under pressure, and spray drying to obtain the threonine chelated potassium.

Further, the soluble potassium salt comprises any one of potassium sulfate, potassium chloride and potassium nitrate; the pressure of the pressurizing reaction is 10-20 MPa, and the time is 4-6 h.

Further, the preparation of the sensitized titanium dioxide specifically comprises: adding titanium dioxide powder into sodium ferrocyanide aqueous solution, stirring at room temperature for reaction for 2-3 h, filtering, washing and drying to obtain the sensitized titanium dioxide.

The second technical scheme of the application is as follows: the preparation method of the foliar fertilizer special for the pseudo-ginseng comprises the following steps:

(1) Weighing raw materials according to parts by weight, dissolving threonine chelate potassium in water, adding calcium superphosphate, sensitized titanium dioxide, boric acid, ferric sulfate, ammonium molybdate and magnesium sulfate, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain a mixed fertilizer A;

(2) Adding vegetable oil into the lycoris radiata extract, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed fertilizer B;

(3) And mixing the mixed fertilizer A and the mixed fertilizer B to obtain the special foliar fertilizer for the pseudo-ginseng.

Further, the mass/volume ratio of the threonine chelate potassium to the water is 1g (10-12) mL.

The application discloses the following technical effects:

the foliar fertilizer can obviously improve the potassium content in plant leaves and rhizomes, thereby improving the resistance of pseudo-ginseng to root rot; meanwhile, the foliar fertilizer can promote photosynthesis of plants, improve stress resistance of the plants, further improve disease resistance of the plants and improve yield of pseudo-ginseng.

Detailed Description

Various exemplary embodiments of the application will now be described in detail, which should not be considered as limiting the application, but rather as more detailed descriptions of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the application.

It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. In addition, for numerical ranges in this disclosure, it is understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the ranges is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or stated range, and any other stated value or intermediate value within the stated range, is also encompassed within the application. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently be included or excluded in the range.

Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present application. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference for the purpose of disclosing and describing the methods and/or materials associated with the documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the present specification will control.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the specific embodiments of the application described herein without departing from the scope or spirit of the application. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification of the present application. The specification and examples of the present application are exemplary only.

As used herein, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and the like are intended to be inclusive and mean an inclusion, but not limited to.

The "parts" described in the following examples are all "parts by mass".

Example 1

A preparation method of a foliar fertilizer special for pseudo-ginseng comprises the following steps:

the special foliar fertilizer for pseudo-ginseng consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4 parts of lycoris radiata extract, 0.3 part of vegetable oil (palm oil), 25 parts of threonine chelate potassium, 5 parts of superphosphate, 4 parts of sensitized titanium dioxide, 7 parts of boric acid, 1 part of ferric sulfate, 4 parts of ammonium molybdate and 2 parts of magnesium sulfate.

Preparing lycoris radiata extract: pulverizing Bulbus Lycoridis Radiatae homogenate, adding 80% ethanol solution (mass/volume ratio of Bulbus Lycoridis Radiatae to ethanol solution is 1g:30 mL), ultrasonic extracting for 2 hr, and rotary evaporating the extractive solution to remove ethanol to obtain Bulbus Lycoridis Radiatae extract.

Preparation of threonine chelate potassium: adding 1mol of threonine into 800mL of water, then adding 0.5mol of potassium chloride, stirring until the threonine is completely dissolved, regulating the pH value to 5.2 by using citric acid, carrying out chelation reaction for 4.5h under the conditions of 10MPa of pressure and 50 ℃ of temperature to obtain threonine chelated potassium aqueous solution, and carrying out spray drying to obtain threonine chelated potassium.

Preparation of sensitized titanium dioxide: adding titanium dioxide powder (1-2 μm) into 0.01mol/L sodium ferrocyanide aqueous solution (pH 4), stirring at room temperature for reaction for 2h, filtering, washing to neutrality, and drying to obtain sensitized titanium dioxide.

The preparation method comprises the following steps:

(1) Weighing raw materials according to parts by weight, dissolving threonine chelate potassium in 250 parts of water, adding calcium superphosphate, sensitized titanium dioxide, boric acid, ferric sulfate, ammonium molybdate and magnesium sulfate, and uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain a mixed fertilizer A;

(2) Adding vegetable oil into the lycoris radiata extract, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed fertilizer B;

(3) And mixing the mixed fertilizer A and the mixed fertilizer B to obtain the foliar fertilizer special for pseudo-ginseng.

Example 2

A preparation method of a foliar fertilizer special for pseudo-ginseng comprises the following steps:

the special foliar fertilizer for pseudo-ginseng consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3 parts of lycoris radiata extract, 0.5 part of vegetable oil (palm oil), 20 parts of threonine chelate potassium, 8 parts of superphosphate, 6 parts of sensitized titanium dioxide, 5 parts of boric acid, 2 parts of ferric sulfate, 3 parts of ammonium molybdate and 3 parts of magnesium sulfate.

Preparing lycoris radiata extract: pulverizing Bulbus Lycoridis Radiatae homogenate, adding 75% ethanol solution (mass/volume ratio of Bulbus Lycoridis Radiatae to ethanol solution is 1g:25 mL), ultrasonic extracting for 3 hr, and rotary evaporating the extractive solution to remove ethanol to obtain Bulbus Lycoridis Radiatae extract.

Preparation of threonine chelate potassium: adding 1mol of threonine into 800mL of water, then adding 0.25mol of potassium sulfate, stirring until the threonine is completely dissolved, regulating the pH value to 5.2 by using citric acid, carrying out chelation reaction for 4 hours under the conditions of 15MPa of pressure and 50 ℃ of temperature to obtain threonine chelated potassium aqueous solution, and carrying out spray drying to obtain threonine chelated potassium.

Preparation of sensitized titanium dioxide: adding titanium dioxide powder (1-2 μm) into 0.01mol/L sodium ferrocyanide aqueous solution (pH 4), stirring at room temperature for reaction for 2h, filtering, washing to neutrality, and drying to obtain sensitized titanium dioxide.

The preparation method comprises the following steps:

(1) Weighing raw materials according to parts by weight, dissolving threonine chelate potassium in 240 parts of water, adding calcium superphosphate, sensitized titanium dioxide, boric acid, ferric sulfate, ammonium molybdate and magnesium sulfate, and uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain a mixed fertilizer A;

(2) Adding vegetable oil into the lycoris radiata extract, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed fertilizer B;

(3) And mixing the mixed fertilizer A and the mixed fertilizer B to obtain the foliar fertilizer special for pseudo-ginseng.

Example 3

A preparation method of a foliar fertilizer special for pseudo-ginseng comprises the following steps:

the special foliar fertilizer for pseudo-ginseng consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of lycoris radiata extract, 0.4 part of vegetable oil (palm oil), 30 parts of threonine chelate potassium, 6 parts of superphosphate, 5 parts of sensitized titanium dioxide, 8 parts of boric acid, 1 part of ferric sulfate, 3 parts of ammonium molybdate and 3 parts of magnesium sulfate.

Preparing lycoris radiata extract: pulverizing Bulbus Lycoridis Radiatae homogenate, adding 85% ethanol solution (mass/volume ratio of Bulbus Lycoridis Radiatae to ethanol solution is 1g:20 mL), ultrasonic extracting for 2 hr, and rotary evaporating the extractive solution to remove ethanol to obtain Bulbus Lycoridis Radiatae extract.

Preparation of threonine chelate potassium: adding 1mol of threonine into 800mL of water, then adding 0.5mol of potassium nitrate, stirring until the threonine is completely dissolved, regulating the pH value to 5.2 by using citric acid, carrying out chelation reaction for 6 hours under the conditions of 20MPa of pressure and 50 ℃ of temperature to obtain threonine chelated potassium aqueous solution, and carrying out spray drying to obtain threonine chelated potassium.

Preparation of sensitized titanium dioxide: adding titanium dioxide powder (1-2 μm) into 0.01mol/L sodium ferrocyanide aqueous solution (pH 4), stirring at room temperature for reaction for 2h, filtering, washing to neutrality, and drying to obtain sensitized titanium dioxide.

The preparation method comprises the following steps:

(1) Weighing raw materials according to parts by weight, dissolving threonine chelate potassium in 300 parts of water, adding calcium superphosphate, sensitized titanium dioxide, boric acid, ferric sulfate, ammonium molybdate and magnesium sulfate, and uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain a mixed fertilizer A;

(2) Adding vegetable oil into the lycoris radiata extract, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed fertilizer B;

(3) And mixing the mixed fertilizer A and the mixed fertilizer B to obtain the foliar fertilizer special for pseudo-ginseng.

Comparative example 1

The difference from example 1 is that palm oil is replaced with corn oil.

Comparative example 2

The difference is that threonine is replaced by equimolar alanine as in example 1.

Comparative example 3

The difference from example 1 is that the sensitized titanium dioxide is replaced with nano titanium dioxide (particle size 100 nm).

Comparative example 4

The difference from example 1 is the preparation of threonine chelate potassium: adding 1mol of threonine into 800mL of water, then adding 0.5mol of potassium chloride, stirring until the threonine is completely dissolved, adjusting the pH to 5.2 by using citric acid, carrying out chelation reaction for 4.5h at the temperature of 50 ℃ to obtain threonine chelated potassium aqueous solution, and carrying out spray drying to obtain threonine chelated potassium.

Comparative example 5

The difference from example 1 is the preparation of threonine chelate potassium: adding 1mol of threonine into 800mL of water, then adding 0.5mol of potassium chloride, stirring until the threonine is completely dissolved, regulating the pH value to 5.2 by using citric acid, carrying out chelation reaction for 4.5h under the conditions of 10MPa of pressure and 25 ℃ of temperature to obtain threonine chelated potassium aqueous solution, and carrying out spray drying to obtain threonine chelated potassium.

Effect example 1

Fertilizing method

(1) The pseudo-ginseng seeds are sown in a seedling raising matrix, after 5d of seedling emergence, the foliar fertilizer (100 times diluted) prepared in the examples 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-5 of the application is sprayed for 1 time every 15d, and after 3 months of culture, the pseudo-ginseng seeds are transplanted into a field (the field in which the pseudo-ginseng is planted in the last year).

(2) After transplanting for 7 days, the foliar fertilizers prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 5 of the present application were sprayed 1 time (diluted 100 times), then sprayed 1 time per month, sprayed 5 times in total (sprayed 1 time after 7 days+sprayed 1 time per month (4 times)), and then subjected to conventional field management.

After the last foliar fertilizer application for 24 hours, the potassium content of the pseudo-ginseng leaves and rhizomes was measured by flame photometry, and the results are shown in Table 1.

Potassium content in leaf= (mass of potassium/leaf dry weight) ×100%;

the potassium content in the rhizome= (mass of potassium/dry weight of rhizome) ×100%.

TABLE 1 Potassium content in Panax notoginseng leaves and rhizomes

Effect example 2

After the last 10d of foliar fertilizer application, the incidence of root rot was investigated and the results are shown in table 2.

Root rot incidence= (number of attacks/total number of attacks) ×100%, 30 plants were investigated per group.

TABLE 2 incidence of root rot

Grouping	Incidence of root rot (%)
		Example 1	3.3
Example 2	6.7
		Example 3	3.3
Comparative example 1	16.7
		Comparative example 2	26.7
Comparative example 3	23.3
		Comparative example 4	30.0
Comparative example 5	33.3

Effect example 3

After 3 years of transplanting of the pseudo-ginseng, the yield of the pseudo-ginseng was measured, and the results are shown in Table 3.

TABLE 3 yield of Notoginseng radix

Grouping	Yield of pseudo-ginseng (kg/mu)
		Example 1	265
Example 2	258
		Example 3	271
Comparative example 1	215
		Comparative example 2	191
Comparative example 3	196
		Comparative example 4	188
Comparative example 5	182

From tables 1 to 3, it can be seen that the potassium content in the leaves and rhizomes of plants can be obviously improved by spraying the foliar fertilizer prepared by the application, so that the resistance of pseudo-ginseng to root rot is improved; meanwhile, the foliar fertilizer can promote photosynthesis of plants, improve stress resistance of the plants, further improve disease resistance of the plants and improve yield of pseudo-ginseng.

The above embodiments are only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present application should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present application without departing from the design spirit of the present application.

Claims (5)

1. The special foliar fertilizer for the pseudo-ginseng is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3 to 5 parts of lycoris radiata extract, 0.3 to 0.5 part of vegetable oil, 20 to 30 parts of threonine chelate potassium, 5 to 8 parts of calcium superphosphate, 3 to 6 parts of sensitized titanium dioxide, 5 to 8 parts of boric acid, 1 to 2 parts of ferric sulfate, 3 to 4 parts of ammonium molybdate and 2 to 3 parts of magnesium sulfate;

the preparation method of the threonine chelate potassium specifically comprises the following steps: dissolving threonine in water, adding soluble potassium salt, stirring uniformly, reacting under pressure, and spray drying to obtain threonine chelated potassium;

the soluble potassium salt comprises any one of potassium sulfate, potassium chloride and potassium nitrate; the pressure of the pressurizing reaction is 10-20 MPa, the temperature is 50 ℃ and the time is 4-6 h;

the vegetable oil is palm oil;

the preparation of the sensitized titanium dioxide specifically comprises the following steps: adding titanium dioxide powder into sodium ferrocyanide aqueous solution, stirring at room temperature for reaction for 2-3 h, filtering, washing and drying to obtain the sensitized titanium dioxide.

2. The foliar fertilizer special for pseudo-ginseng according to claim 1, wherein the preparation of the lycoris radiata extract specifically comprises: pulverizing Bulbus Lycoridis Radiatae homogenate, adding ethanol solution, ultrasonic extracting, and rotary evaporating the extractive solution to remove ethanol to obtain Bulbus Lycoridis Radiatae extract.

3. The foliar fertilizer special for pseudo-ginseng according to claim 2, wherein the mass/volume ratio of lycoris to ethanol solution is 1g (20-30) mL; the volume fraction of the ethanol solution is 75-85%; the ultrasonic extraction time is 2-3 h.

4. A method for preparing the foliar fertilizer special for pseudo-ginseng according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) Weighing raw materials according to parts by weight, dissolving threonine chelate potassium in water, adding calcium superphosphate, sensitized titanium dioxide, boric acid, ferric sulfate, ammonium molybdate and magnesium sulfate, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain a mixed fertilizer A;

(2) Adding vegetable oil into the lycoris radiata extract, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed fertilizer B;

(3) And mixing the mixed fertilizer A and the mixed fertilizer B to obtain the special foliar fertilizer for the pseudo-ginseng.

5. The preparation method of the foliar fertilizer special for pseudo-ginseng according to claim 4, wherein the mass/volume ratio of the threonine chelate potassium to the water is 1g (10-12) mL.