CN115634920B - Integrated extraction device for extracting various heavy metals in soil - Google Patents
Integrated extraction device for extracting various heavy metals in soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN115634920B CN115634920B CN202211380206.2A CN202211380206A CN115634920B CN 115634920 B CN115634920 B CN 115634920B CN 202211380206 A CN202211380206 A CN 202211380206A CN 115634920 B CN115634920 B CN 115634920B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an integrated extraction device for extracting various heavy metals in soil, which comprises a shell, wherein a drying cylinder, a reaction cylinder and a centrifugal cylinder are sequentially arranged in the shell from top to bottom; the top of the shell is provided with a soil inlet pipe communicated with the inside of the drying cylinder; the drying cylinder is internally provided with drying equipment and a filter screen, the drying cylinder is communicated with the inside of the reaction cylinder through a soil outlet pipe, and the soil outlet pipe is provided with a switch valve; the reaction cylinder is communicated with the inside of the centrifugal cylinder through a plurality of discharge holes; a medicine adding tank, a heater, a first transmission rod, a telescopic rod and a driving mechanism are arranged in the reaction cylinder; the outer wall of the centrifugal cylinder is sleeved with a first gear, and a second gear meshed with the first gear is arranged on the first gear; the outer wall of the shell is provided with a circulating pump and an extraction bottle; the application method of the integrated extraction device comprises the steps of drying and filtering, reaction and centrifugation and cyclic collection; the integrated extraction device provided by the invention can extract heavy metals in various forms in soil, the use method is simple, and the extraction efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil extraction, in particular to an integrated extraction device for extracting various heavy metals in soil.
Background
Mining, metal smelting, farmland pollution irrigation, sludge agriculture and fertilizer and pesticide application have caused a large amount of heavy metal pollution of soil, and seriously threaten ecological balance, food safety and human health. Among them, cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), arsenic (As), chromium (Cr) and lead (Pb) are considered to be "pentatoxins" among the major heavy metal contaminants. In contaminated crop planting field surveys, 80% of soil pollution types are heavy metal pollution, with mining and metallurgy activities being the major source of heavy metal pollution. Whether it is an industrial and mining waste land with serious heavy metal pollution or an agricultural polluted soil with relatively light pollution degree, the soil is often subjected to combined pollution of various heavy metals. More complex, interaction usually occurs among various heavy metals in the polluted soil, and difficulty is brought to application of soil heavy metal pollution treatment and restoration technology.
The existing device for extracting heavy metals in soil often has different extraction conditions of various forms due to the existence of various forms of heavy metals, and then the device corresponding to the extraction of the various forms is used for extracting after multiple times of separation, namely, a single device is used for extracting the single form; in addition, heavy metal extraction is mostly multi-step extraction, soil is required to be transferred after the steps are completed, and the problem of insufficient reaction caused by uneven dosing easily occurs when dosing agent reacts with the soil.
Accordingly, the present invention has been developed to optimize these problems by designing an integrated extraction device for extracting various forms of heavy metals in soil.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an integrated extraction device for extracting various forms of heavy metals in soil.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an integrated extraction device for extracting various heavy metals in soil comprises a shell, wherein a drying cylinder, a reaction cylinder and a centrifugal cylinder are sequentially arranged in the shell from top to bottom; the top of the shell is provided with a soil inlet pipe communicated with the inside of the drying cylinder; the drying cylinder is internally provided with drying equipment and a filter screen, the drying cylinder is communicated with the inside of the reaction cylinder by penetrating through a top plate of the reaction cylinder through a soil outlet pipe arranged at the bottom, and the soil outlet pipe is provided with a switch valve; the reaction cylinder is communicated with the inside of the centrifugal cylinder through a plurality of discharge holes arranged on the bottom plate of the reaction cylinder;
a chute is arranged on the inner wall of the top plate, a dosing tank which is connected with the chute in a sliding way is arranged on the chute, and a drug inlet of the dosing tank is connected with a drug storage tank arranged on the outer wall of the shell through a conduit; and a heater is arranged in the side wall of the reaction cylinder;
the reaction cylinder is internally provided with a first transmission rod and a telescopic rod, the telescopic rod penetrates through the shell and is connected with a first motor arranged on the outer wall of the shell, one end of the first transmission rod is fixedly sleeved with the outer wall of the dosing tank, the other end of the first transmission rod is hinged with a telescopic part of the telescopic rod through a rotating shaft, and two sides of the first transmission rod are respectively provided with a rotating shaft penetrating through the telescopic part of the telescopic rod; the bottom plate is internally provided with baffle plates, the baffle plates are provided with through holes staggered with the discharge holes one by one, the baffle plates are rotationally connected with a first fixed rod arranged on the bottom surface of the telescopic rod fixing part through springs, and a driving mechanism for driving the through holes to coincide with the discharge holes is arranged in a shell between the reaction cylinder and the centrifugal cylinder;
the outer wall of the centrifugal cylinder is sleeved with a first gear, and the side wall of the centrifugal cylinder is provided with a recovery pipe which is communicated with the inside of the centrifugal cylinder and penetrates through the side wall of the shell; the first gear is provided with a second gear meshed with the first gear for transmission, and the center of one end of the second gear is rotationally connected with a second motor arranged on the outer wall of the shell;
the outer wall of the shell is provided with a circulating pump and an extraction bottle, the circulating pump and the extraction bottle are respectively provided with a one-way valve, the outlet end of the circulating pump is communicated with the interior of the drying cylinder, and the inlet end of the circulating pump is communicated with the interior bottom of the centrifugal cylinder; the inlet end of the extraction bottle is communicated with the inner top of the centrifugal cylinder, and a filter membrane through which only the extracting solution passes is arranged on the inlet end face of the extraction bottle.
Further, the drying device comprises a blower arranged at the top of the shell, an air inlet pipe of the blower is arranged outside the shell, and a first air outlet pipe of the blower extends into a drying cylinder above the filter screen.
Description: the drying is performed by using the blower, so that the equipment is simple and the drying efficiency is high; and the accumulated soil on the filter screen can be blown away by wind power, so that the occurrence of blocking during filtration is reduced.
Further, a soil poking rod with two ends respectively connected with the filter screen and the top of the shell in a rotating way is arranged in the drying cylinder, and a plurality of soil poking sheets are arranged on the soil poking rod; the second air outlet pipe is arranged on the blower, and the air outlet of the second air outlet pipe and the air outlet of the first air outlet pipe are positioned on the same horizontal plane of the relative position of the soil shifting rod and the air outlet directions of the second air outlet pipe and the first air outlet pipe are opposite.
Description: the blowing directions of the first air outlet pipe and the second air outlet pipe are opposite, so that the soil poking sheet is rotated by wind power, soil piled on the filter screen is poked, and the probability of soil blockage is further reduced.
Further, the soil stirring rod extends to the lower part of the filter screen, and a plurality of stirring blades are arranged on the soil stirring rod.
Description: through the extension stirring leaf that dials the soil pole setting, can improve the drying rate to soil through the stirring.
Further, the driving mechanism comprises a second fixed rod, a limiting rod and a third gear which is arranged on the fixed part of the telescopic rod and is meshed with the second gear for transmission, the third gear is positioned between the first fixed rod and the second fixed rod, and a driving piece is arranged on the end face of the third gear, which is close to the first fixed rod; one end of the limiting rod penetrates through the first fixing rod and is fixedly connected with the side wall of the reaction cylinder, and the other end of the limiting rod penetrates through the center of the third gear and is fixedly connected with the second fixing rod.
Description: through setting up the drive structure utilizes the stiff end of telescopic link to carry out spacingly on the one hand, and on the other hand utilizes the second gear to carry out the transmission, has reduced unnecessary structural design, thereby easily drives the rotation of third gear drive separation blade and rotates.
Further, a second transmission rod is rotatably sleeved on the rotating shaft, the second transmission rod extends to the inner bottom of the reaction cylinder, and a soil planing shovel is arranged between the two inner sides of the second transmission rod.
Description: soil can be turned through setting up second transfer line and dig the soil spade to improve the even degree of soil and medicament reaction, improve extraction efficiency.
Further, dig the soil spade and rotate with the second transfer line both sides and be connected, and dig and be equipped with a plurality of blades on the soil spade.
Description: through making dig the shovel and rotate with the second transfer line and be connected, strengthened dig the flexibility of shovel, and can refine soil through a plurality of blades to strengthen the reaction of soil and medicament, thereby improve extraction efficiency.
Further, the mode of sliding connection of the dosing tank and the sliding chute is as follows: the chute is provided with lifting hooks with two sides inserted into the side walls of the chute, and the top of the dosing tank is provided with lifting rings matched with the lifting hooks.
Description: the sliding connection is simple in structure and easy to operate to realize sliding of the dosing tank.
Further, the drying cylinder is funnel-shaped.
Description: the funnel-shaped design can accelerate the soil discharge rate of soil and improve the efficiency.
The invention also discloses a use method of the integrated extraction device for extracting the heavy metals in various forms in the soil, which comprises the following steps:
s1, enabling soil to enter a drying cylinder from a soil inlet pipe at the top of a shell, starting drying equipment to air-dry the soil, filtering sundries in the soil through a filter screen, opening a soil outlet pipe after drying, and enabling the soil to enter a reaction cylinder;
s2, adding a medicament with a dosage required by extracting heavy metal forms into a medicament storage tank in the process that soil enters a reaction cylinder, transmitting the medicament to the medicament storage tank through a guide pipe, regulating a heater to a temperature required by extraction, starting a first motor to drive a telescopic rod to drive a first transmission rod to enable the medicament storage tank to apply the medicament to the soil in a reciprocating manner, and thus reacting and separating heavy metals with specific forms from the soil;
s3, after the step S2 is finished, starting a driving mechanism to drive through holes of the baffle plates and discharge holes on the bottom plate to be staggered one by one, so that soil and heavy metals in specific forms fall into the centrifugal cylinder from the discharge holes together, and simultaneously, the centrifugal cylinder starts to centrifuge, so that supernatant fluid containing the heavy metals in specific forms and soil residues in the centrifugal cylinder are divided into an upper layer and a lower layer;
s4, after centrifugation is finished, a one-way valve on an extraction bottle is opened to collect supernatant containing heavy metal in a specific form, soil residues are left in a centrifugal cylinder through a filter membrane, then the one-way valve on a circulating pump is opened to convey the soil residues back into a drying cylinder, and the next heavy metal form is extracted and collected through adjusting the temperature in a reaction cylinder and the medicament in a medicament storage tank; and after the sequential extraction of the heavy metals in various forms is completed, the residual soil residues are recovered through a recovery pipe.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) According to the integrated extraction device, the circulating pump, the electric heater and the medicine storage tank are arranged, so that soil can return to the drying cylinder through the circulating pump after heavy metals in one form are extracted, and the temperature of the electric heater is regulated by changing medicines in the medicine storage tank, so that the integrated extraction can be realized by adjusting heavy metals in various forms in one shell and circularly extracting for multiple times.
(2) According to the integrated extraction device, the telescopic rod, the first transmission rod and the second transmission rod are arranged, so that the dosing tank can slide on the chute through the first transmission rod under the reciprocating translation action of the telescopic rod, the dosing area of the dosing tank is enlarged, and soil can be turned through reciprocating dosing and a soil planing shovel through the second transmission rod, so that the medicament is contacted with the soil more uniformly and the reaction efficiency is higher, and the extraction efficiency of heavy metals in various forms in the soil is improved.
(3) According to the integrated extraction device, the first gear, the second gear and the driving mechanism are arranged, so that the second gear drives the first gear to enable the centrifugal cylinder to be centrifuged, and meanwhile, the driving mechanism is linked to control the baffle plate, so that the transfer of soil in the reaction cylinder to the centrifugal cylinder is controlled, the soil can be transferred for a small amount for multiple times to prevent blockage, and the transfer of soil in the reaction cylinder is not required to be controlled manually and additionally; thereby further improving the extraction efficiency of various heavy metals in the soil.
(4) According to the integrated extraction device, the blower and the soil stirring rod are arranged, so that the soil in the drying cylinder can be stirred and turned by utilizing wind power while the soil is dried by utilizing the wind power, the efficiency of soil blockage is further reduced, the drying efficiency of the soil is further improved, the extraction efficiency of various heavy metals in the soil is further improved, and a motor for rotating the soil stirring rod is not required to be additionally arranged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall external view of an integrated extraction device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an internal structural view of the integrated extraction device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view at I in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a view showing the construction of the inside of a drying cylinder of embodiment 1 of the integrated extraction apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a first drive rod of the integrated extraction device of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the base plate of the integrated extraction device of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of an integrated extraction device cartridge of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a second transmission rod configuration diagram of embodiment 2 of the integrated extraction device of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a view showing the construction of the interior of a drying cylinder of embodiment 3 of the integrated extraction apparatus of the present invention;
the device comprises a 1-shell, 11-soil inlet pipes, 12-driving mechanisms, 121-limiting rods, 122-third gears, 123-second fixing rods, 124-driving plates, 13-circulating pumps, 14-extracting bottles, 15-blowers, 151-first air outlet pipes, 152-second air outlet pipes, 16-recycling pipes, 2-drying drums, 21-filter screens, 22-soil outlet pipes, 23-soil stirring rods, 231-soil stirring plates, 232-stirring blades, 3-reaction drums, 31-bottom plates, 311-discharge holes, 312-baffle plates, 313-springs, 32-top plates, 34-dosing tanks, 342-storage tanks, 35-heaters, 36-first transmission rods, 361-rotating shafts, 362-second transmission rods, 363-soil planing shovels, 364-blades, 37-telescopic rods, 371-first fixing rods, 4-centrifugal drums, 41-first gears and 42-second gears.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments to better embody the advantages of the invention.
Example 1
An integrated extraction device for extracting various forms of heavy metals in soil,
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the device comprises a shell 1, wherein a funnel-shaped drying cylinder 2, a reaction cylinder 3 and a centrifugal cylinder 4 are sequentially arranged in the shell 1 from top to bottom; the top of the shell 1 is provided with a soil inlet pipe 11 communicated with the inside of the drying cylinder 2; the drying cylinder 2 is internally provided with drying equipment and a filter screen 21, the drying cylinder 2 is communicated with the inside of a top plate 32 of the reaction cylinder 3 by a soil outlet pipe 22 arranged at the bottom, and the soil outlet pipe 22 is provided with a switch valve; the reaction cylinder 3 is communicated with the inside of the centrifugal cylinder 4 through three discharge holes 311 arranged on the bottom plate 31;
as shown in fig. 1 and 4, the drying apparatus includes a blower 15 disposed at the top of the housing 1, an air inlet pipe of the blower 15 is located outside the housing 1, and a first air outlet pipe 151 of the blower 15 extends into the drying drum 2 above the filter screen 21;
as shown in fig. 2 and 5, a chute is provided on the inner wall of the top plate 32, a dosing tank 34 slidably connected with the chute is provided on the chute, and the manner of slidably connecting the dosing tank 34 with the chute is as follows: the chute is provided with a lifting hook with two sides inserted into the side wall of the chute, and the top of the dosing tank 34 is provided with a lifting ring matched with the lifting hook; the drug inlet of the drug adding tank 34 is connected with a drug storage tank 342 arranged on the outer wall of the shell 1 through a conduit; and a heater 35 is arranged in the side wall of the reaction cylinder 3;
as shown in fig. 2, 5, 6 and 7, a first transmission rod 36 and a telescopic rod 37 are arranged in the reaction cylinder 3, the telescopic rod 37 penetrates through the shell 1 and is connected with a first motor arranged on the outer wall of the shell 1, the upper end of the first transmission rod 36 is fixedly sleeved with the outer wall of the dosing tank 34, and the lower end of the first transmission rod 36 is hinged with a telescopic part of the telescopic rod 37 through a rotating shaft 361; the bottom plate 31 is internally provided with baffle plates 312, the baffle plates 312 are provided with through holes which are staggered with the three discharge holes 311 one by one, the baffle plates 312 are rotationally connected with a first fixed rod 371 arranged on the bottom surface of the fixed part of the telescopic rod 37 through springs 313, and a driving mechanism 12 for driving the through holes to coincide with the discharge holes 311 is arranged in the shell 1 between the reaction cylinder 3 and the centrifugal cylinder 4;
as shown in fig. 2, the outer wall of the centrifugal cylinder 4 is sleeved with a first gear 41, and the side wall of the centrifugal cylinder 4 is provided with a recovery pipe 16 communicated with the inside of the centrifugal cylinder and penetrating through the side wall of the shell 1; the first gear 41 is provided with a second gear 42 meshed with the first gear, and the center of the right end of the second gear 42 is rotationally connected with a second motor arranged on the outer wall of the shell 1;
as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the driving mechanism 12 includes a second fixing rod 123, a limiting rod 121 and a third gear 122 meshed with the second gear 42, which are disposed on the fixing portion of the telescopic rod 37, the third gear 122 is located between the first fixing rod 371 and the second fixing rod 123, and a driving plate 124 is disposed on a sitting end surface of the third gear 122, which is close to the first fixing rod 371; the left end of the limiting rod 121 penetrates through the first fixing rod 371 and is fixedly connected with the side wall of the reaction cylinder 3, and the right end of the limiting rod 121 penetrates through the center of the third gear 122 and is fixedly connected with the second fixing rod 123;
as shown in fig. 2, a circulating pump 13 and an extraction bottle 14 are arranged on the outer wall of the shell 1, and one-way valves are arranged on the circulating pump 13 and the extraction bottle 14, the outlet end of the circulating pump 13 is communicated with the interior of the drying cylinder 2, and the inlet end of the circulating pump 13 is communicated with the interior bottom of the centrifugal cylinder 4; the inlet end of the extraction bottle 14 is communicated with the inner top of the centrifugal cylinder 4, and a filter membrane through which only the extracting solution passes is arranged on the inlet end surface of the extraction bottle 14;
the heater is externally connected with a power supply, and the first motor, the second motor, the third motor and the blower 15 are all in the prior art, and will not be described in detail.
The application method of the integrated extraction device for heavy metals in various forms in soil comprises the following steps:
s1, pouring soil into a drying cylinder 2 from a soil inlet pipe 11, turning on a blower 15, filtering impurities of the soil through a filter screen 21, drying the soil by blowing, and turning on a soil outlet pipe 22 to transfer the dried soil into a reaction cylinder 3;
s2, synchronously starting the first motor, enabling the telescopic part of the telescopic rod 37 to drive the first transmission rod 36 to indirectly drive the dosing tank 34 to slide back and forth on a chute on the inner wall of the top plate 32, sucking a medicament (e.g. HOAc) for extracting heavy metal in a specific form (e.g. weak acid extraction state) in the dosing tank 342 through a guide pipe by the dosing tank 34, regulating and controlling the temperature required by the heater 35 to react with the weak acid extraction state heavy metal, and fully reacting soil with the medicament for a period of time after the reaction condition is reached;
s3, after the reaction is completed, starting a second motor, and driving a first gear 41 meshed with the second motor to drive a centrifugal cylinder 4 to perform centrifugation by a second gear 42; meanwhile, the second gear 42 drives the third gear 122 meshed with the second gear to rotate, so that the driving piece 124 on the side surface of the third gear 122 drives the baffle piece 312 to rotate, and the through hole on the baffle piece 312 is overlapped with the discharge hole 311, so that soil enters the centrifugal cylinder 4 from the reaction cylinder 3; after the driving sheet 124 leaves the blocking sheets 312, the blocking sheets 312 enable the through holes to be gradually misplaced with the discharging holes 311 one by one under the action of the springs 313, so that a small amount of repeated transfer of soil from the reaction cylinder 3 to the centrifugal cylinder 4 is realized;
s4, after the whole soil enters the centrifugal barrel 4 to be centrifuged, extracting solution containing weak acid extracted heavy metals and soil residues containing other unreacted extracted heavy metals are sequentially arranged in the centrifugal barrel 4, a one-way valve on the extracting bottle 14 is opened, the extracting solution enters the extracting bottle 14 through a filter membrane to be collected and transferred, and the soil residues cannot be left in the centrifugal barrel 4 through the filter membrane through which only the extracting solution containing weak acid extracted heavy metals can pass; the one-way valve on the recirculation pump 13 is re-opened to transfer the soil residue into the dryer cartridge 2, replacing the medicament in the reservoir 342 (e.g., replacing HOAc with NH 4 Oh.hcl), the temperature is adjusted to the temperature required by the reaction of reducible heavy metals, and the extraction and collection of the heavy metals in various forms (such as reducible state) with weak acid extracted state heavy metals are continuously carried out according to the steps;
after the sequential extraction of heavy metals in various forms (e.g., oxidizable and residual forms), the remaining soil residue is recovered by a recovery pipe 16.
Example 2
The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that, as shown in fig. 8, the rotating shaft 361 is rotatably sleeved with a second transmission rod 362, the second transmission rod 362 extends to the bottom of the reaction cylinder 3, and a soil planing shovel 363 is disposed between two inner sides of the second transmission rod 362; the soil planing shovel 363 is rotatably connected with two sides of the second transmission rod 362, and eight blades 364 are arranged on the soil planing shovel 363;
the use method of the embodiment is different from that of embodiment 1 in that the second transmission rod 362 drives the soil planing shovel 363 to rotate reciprocally along with the rotating shaft 361, so that the soil planing shovel 363 turns the soil, and the blades 364 on the soil planing shovel 363 refine the larger and aggregated soil, so that the contact between the soil and the medicament is increased, and the extraction efficiency of heavy metals in various forms is increased.
Example 3
The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that, as shown in fig. 9, a soil-shifting rod 23 with two ends respectively rotatably connected to the filter screen 21 and the top of the housing 1 is disposed in the drying cylinder 2, and three soil-shifting pieces 231 are disposed on the soil-shifting rod 23; the blower 15 is provided with a second air outlet pipe 152, and the air outlet of the second air outlet pipe 152 and the air outlet of the first air outlet pipe 151 are positioned on the same horizontal plane of the relative position of the soil shifting rod 23 and the air outlet directions of the two are opposite; the soil stirring rod 23 extends to the lower part of the filter screen 21, and three stirring blades 232 are arranged on the soil stirring rod 23;
the use method of the embodiment is different from that of embodiment 1 in that the air outlet directions of the first air outlet pipe 151 and the second air outlet pipe 152 are opposite, so that the soil poking sheet 231 is driven to rotate in one direction by utilizing wind power in two directions, and soil piled on the filter screen 21 can be poked, and the blocking condition of the soil is reduced; and stirring leaf 232 can turn soil to improve the drying efficiency to soil, and then further improve the extraction efficiency to multiple form heavy metal.
Claims (8)
1. An integrated extraction device for extracting various heavy metals in soil comprises a shell (1), and is characterized in that a funnel-shaped drying cylinder (2), a reaction cylinder (3) and a centrifugal cylinder (4) are sequentially arranged in the shell (1) from top to bottom; the top of the shell (1) is provided with a soil inlet pipe (11) communicated with the inside of the drying cylinder (2); the drying device and the filter screen (21) are arranged in the drying cylinder (2), the drying cylinder (2) penetrates through the top plate (32) of the reaction cylinder (3) through the soil outlet pipe (22) arranged at the bottom and is communicated with the inside of the reaction cylinder, and the soil outlet pipe (22) is provided with a switch valve; the reaction cylinder (3) is communicated with the inside of the centrifugal cylinder (4) through a plurality of discharge holes (311) arranged on the bottom plate (31) of the reaction cylinder;
a chute is arranged on the inner wall of the top plate (32), a dosing tank (34) which is connected with the chute in a sliding way is arranged on the chute, and a drug inlet of the dosing tank (34) is connected with a drug storage tank (342) arranged on the outer wall of the shell (1) through a conduit; and a heater (35) is arranged in the side wall of the reaction cylinder (3);
a first transmission rod (36) and a telescopic rod (37) are arranged in the reaction cylinder (3), the telescopic rod (37) penetrates through the shell (1) and is connected with a first motor arranged on the outer wall of the shell (1), one end of the first transmission rod (36) is fixedly sleeved with the outer wall of the dosing tank (34), and the other end of the first transmission rod (36) is hinged with a telescopic part of the telescopic rod (37) through a rotating shaft (361); a baffle plate (312) is arranged in the bottom plate (31), through holes which are staggered with the discharge holes (311) one by one are formed in the baffle plate (312), the baffle plate (312) is rotationally connected with a first fixed rod (371) arranged on the bottom surface of a fixed part of the telescopic rod (37) through a spring (313), and a driving mechanism (12) for driving the through holes to coincide with the discharge holes (311) is arranged in a shell (1) between the reaction cylinder (3) and the centrifugal cylinder (4);
the outer wall of the centrifugal cylinder (4) is sleeved with a first gear (41), and the side wall of the centrifugal cylinder (4) is provided with a recovery pipe (16) which is communicated with the inside of the centrifugal cylinder and penetrates through the side wall of the shell (1); the first gear (41) is provided with a second gear (42) meshed with the first gear, and the center of one end of the second gear (42) is rotationally connected with a second motor arranged on the outer wall of the shell (1);
the driving mechanism (12) comprises a second fixed rod (123) arranged on the fixed part of the telescopic rod (37), a limiting rod (121) and a third gear (122) meshed with the second gear (42), wherein the third gear (122) is positioned between the first fixed rod (371) and the second fixed rod (123), and a driving piece (124) is arranged on the end surface of the third gear (122) close to the first fixed rod (371); one end of the limiting rod (121) penetrates through the first fixing rod (371) and is fixedly connected with the side wall of the reaction cylinder (3), and the other end of the limiting rod (121) penetrates through the center of the third gear (122) and is fixedly connected with the second fixing rod (123);
the outer wall of the shell (1) is provided with a circulating pump (13) and an extraction bottle (14), the circulating pump (13) and the extraction bottle (14) are respectively provided with a one-way valve, the outlet end of the circulating pump (13) is communicated with the interior of the drying cylinder (2), and the inlet end of the circulating pump (13) is communicated with the inner bottom of the centrifugal cylinder (4); the inlet end of the extraction bottle (14) is communicated with the inner top of the centrifugal barrel (4), and a filter membrane which only allows the extraction liquid to pass through is arranged on the inlet end face of the extraction bottle (14).
2. An integrated extraction device for extracting heavy metals in soil according to claim 1, characterized in that the drying means comprises a blower (15) arranged at the top of the housing (1), the air inlet pipe of the blower (15) being located outside the housing (1), the first air outlet pipe (151) of the blower (15) extending into the drying cylinder (2) above the filter screen (21).
3. The integrated extraction device for extracting various heavy metals in soil according to claim 2, wherein a soil stirring rod (23) with two ends respectively connected with a filter screen (21) and the top of a shell (1) in a rotating way is arranged in the drying cylinder (2), and a plurality of soil stirring sheets (231) are arranged on the soil stirring rod (23); the air blower (15) is provided with a second air outlet pipe (152), and the air outlet of the second air outlet pipe (152) and the air outlet of the first air outlet pipe (151) are positioned on the same horizontal plane of the relative position of the soil poking rod (23) and the air outlet directions of the second air outlet pipe and the first air outlet pipe are opposite.
4. An integrated extraction device for extracting heavy metals in various forms in soil according to claim 3, characterized in that the soil poking rod (23) extends to the lower part of the filter screen (21), and a plurality of stirring blades (232) are arranged on the soil poking rod (23).
5. The integrated extraction device for extracting various heavy metals in soil according to claim 1, wherein a second transmission rod (362) is rotatably sleeved on the rotating shaft (361), the second transmission rod (362) extends to the inner bottom of the reaction cylinder (3), and a soil planing shovel (363) is arranged between two inner sides of the second transmission rod (362).
6. The integrated extraction device for extracting heavy metals in various forms in soil according to claim 5, wherein the digging shovel (363) is rotatably connected to two sides of the second transmission rod (362), and a plurality of blades (364) are arranged on the digging shovel (363).
7. An integrated extraction device for extracting heavy metals in various forms in soil according to claim 1, characterized in that said dosing tank (34) is slidingly connected to said chute in such a way as to: the chute is provided with lifting hooks with two sides inserted into the side walls of the chute, and the top of the dosing tank (34) is provided with lifting rings matched with the lifting hooks.
8. The use method of the integrated extraction device for extracting various forms of heavy metals in soil according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, enabling soil to enter a drying cylinder (2) from a soil inlet pipe (11) at the top of a shell (1), starting drying equipment to air-dry the soil, filtering sundries in the soil through a filter screen (21), opening a soil outlet pipe (22) after drying is finished, and enabling the soil to enter a reaction cylinder (3);
s2, adding a medicament with a dosage required by extracting heavy metal forms into a medicament storage tank (342) in the process that soil enters a reaction cylinder (3), transmitting the medicament to a medicament adding tank (34) through a guide pipe, regulating and controlling a heater (35) to a temperature required by extraction, starting a first motor to enable a telescopic rod (37) to drive a first transmission rod (36) to enable the medicament adding tank (34) to apply the medicament to the soil in a reciprocating manner;
s3, after the step S2 is finished, starting a driving mechanism (12) to drive through holes of a baffle plate (312) and discharge holes (311) on a bottom plate (31) to be staggered one by one, so that soil and heavy metals in specific forms fall into a centrifugal cylinder (4) from the discharge holes (311) together, and simultaneously, the centrifugal cylinder (4) starts to be centrifuged, so that supernatant and soil residues containing the heavy metals in specific forms in the centrifugal cylinder (4) are divided into an upper layer and a lower layer;
s4, after centrifugation is finished, a one-way valve on an extraction bottle (14) is opened to collect supernatant containing heavy metal in a specific form, soil residues are left in a centrifugal cylinder (4) through a filter membrane, then the one-way valve on a circulating pump (13) is opened to convey the soil residues back into a drying cylinder (2), and the next heavy metal form is extracted and collected through adjusting the temperature in a reaction cylinder (3) and the medicament in a medicament storage tank (342); after the sequential extraction of the heavy metals in various forms is completed, the residual soil residues are recovered through a recovery pipe (16).
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| CN116765103B (en) * | 2023-05-24 | 2024-04-26 | 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 | Draw extraction element of multiple form heavy metal in karst district soil |
| CN116499853B (en) * | 2023-06-19 | 2023-08-18 | 北京建工环境修复股份有限公司 | Soil heavy metal ion extractor |
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| CN107321786A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2017-11-07 | 林少忠 | Scattering mechanism is planted in a kind of heavy-metal contaminated soil reparation |
| CN109769429B (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2021-11-09 | 郑国平 | Energy-saving vegetable seed mixes medicine device |
| CN110026421B (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2021-04-16 | 湖南城市学院 | Centrifugal soil heavy metal pollution administers device |
| CN110280576B (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2022-01-18 | 吕树报 | Soil purification device |
| CN210280175U (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2020-04-10 | 江苏山水国土资源开发工程有限公司 | Automatic change mine and administer soil prosthetic devices |
| CN211205974U (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-08-07 | 四川西晨智慧农业科技有限公司 | Device for extracting heavy metal biological effective state in soil |
| CN211888406U (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2020-11-10 | 广东中科碧城环境技术有限公司 | Integrated equipment for soil remediation |
| CN112517627A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-03-19 | 苏州艾捷尔斯生物科技有限公司 | Soil remediation equipment for environmental improvement |
| CN215143340U (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-12-14 | 江苏大墩子银杏生物科技有限公司 | Medicine adding device for soil treatment |
| CN214767769U (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-11-19 | 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 | Device for extracting heavy metal cadmium in rice and wheat planting soil |
| CN114047046B (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2023-06-30 | 甘肃省农业科学院土壤肥料与节水农业研究所 | Heavy metal ion extraction device for heavy metal soil analysis |
| CN114713110A (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2022-07-08 | 枣庄市金星农化有限公司 | Finished product storage device is used in fertilizer production |
| CN217615979U (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2022-10-21 | 贵州京三松机械设备有限公司 | Screening device |
| CN115055511B (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2023-06-27 | 中南林业科技大学 | Device for repairing heavy metal contaminated soil by using bipolar biochar to strengthen microorganisms and plants |
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