CN115624609A - 一种治疗急慢性气管炎的中药制剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种治疗急慢性气管炎的中药制剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于中医药领域,尤其是一种治疗急慢性气管炎的中药制剂及其制备方法,其中药制剂包括以下重量份的原料:麻黄10‑450g、桂枝10‑450g、赤芍10‑450g、辽细辛10‑400g,制备方法包括以下步骤:S1、将中药材除生姜外其余干燥净化,按最佳质量配比称量备用;本发明具有驰缓气管、支气管平滑肌的作用,有扩张外周血管,改善肾上腺皮质功能及心肺功能,降低血流阻力,改善血液循环,促进红细胞糖酵解等药理作用,具有止咳平喘、抗炎、抗敏,调节血管及肾上腺、肺功能等作用,为临床治疗急慢性气管炎、肺炎、肺气肿、肺心病、慢阻师、过敏性气管炎引起的吼咳喘、提供了药理学依据。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中医药领域,尤其涉及一种治疗急慢性气管炎的中药制剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
吼、咳、喘是肺系疾患的主要症状之一,常见于上呼吸道感染、气管炎、支气管炎、肺炎、支气管扩张、慢性支气管炎、肺气肿、肺心病、慢阻肺等疾病中。本病的发生多因外邪侵袭、肺卫受邪、肺气不得宣畅而引起吼、咳、喘等症,也有因其它脏腑病变影响到肺的宣发和肃降功能而出现以上症状者。如脾虚生湿聚痰上犯于肺,或肝气郁而化火,气火上乘于肺均可发生以上症状。如张景岳说:“咳证虽多,无非肺病”。喻嘉言也认为:“咳者肺之本病也”。《医学三字经·咳嗽第四》;“《内经》云:五脏六腑皆能令人咳,非独肺也。”然肺为气之主,诸气上逆于肺,则呛而咳,是咳嗽不止于肺,而亦不离乎肺也。《活法机要》“咳谓无痰而有声,肺气伤而不清也。嗽谓无声而有痰,脾湿动而生痰也,咳嗽是有声有痰,因伤肺气复动脾湿也”。肺系为气体升降出入之通道,肺为华蓋,外邪侵袭首当其冲,肺叉为娇脏,只受轻清之气,受不得秽浊之气,而且最易被风寒、风热、燥热等外邪所伤。
综上所述,肺功能失调是吼、咳、喘发生的关键所在,不论外感或其它脏腑疾病,均能累及肺脏,导致吼、咳、喘等症。由于感受外邪引起的咳嗽,为外感咳嗽;由于脏腑功能失调引起的咳嗽,称为内伤咳嗽。外感咳嗽久治不愈,可发展为内伤咳嗽。内伤咳嗽患者往往体虚,营卫不固,易被外邪所伤,使咳嗽加剧。内伤咳嗽反复发作,可使肺、心、脾、肾俱虚,影响气血之运行,津液之输布而成为严重病症。如肺气肿、肺心病、慢阻肺、肺痨、哮症及喘症。肺脏受邪,痰气交阻,气道阻塞不利而出现喉痒咳嗽、呼吸时咽喉和气管间发出声响,如水鸡声如拽锯声谓之气吼;呼吸迫促,张口抬肩,心累气短,甚则摇身撷肚,不能平卧谓之咳喘。
现有的中药剂不具有驰缓气管、支气管平滑肌的作用,无法有效的扩张外周血管,无法改善肾上腺皮质功能及心肺功能。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决现有技术中存在中药剂不具有驰缓气管、支气管平滑肌的作用,无法有效的扩张外周血管,无法改善肾上腺皮质功能及心肺功能的缺点,而提出的一种治疗急慢性气管炎的中药制剂及其制备方法。
本发明提出的一种治疗急慢性气管炎的中药制剂,包括以下重量份的原料:麻黄10-20g、桂枝10-20g、赤芍10-20g、辽细辛10-20g、干姜10-20g、法半夏15-30g、北五味子10-20g、红参10-20g、蝉蜕10-20g、紫苑10-20g、芦根10-20g、枳实10-20g、生姜10-20g、甘草10-20g。
优选的,包括以下重量份的原料:麻黄20-45g、桂枝20-45g、赤芍20-45g、辽细辛20-40g、干姜20-35g、法半夏30-50g、北五味子20-40g、红参20-45g、蝉蜕15-30g、紫苑20-45g、芦根20-45g、枳实20-45g、生姜15-35g、甘草20-35g。
优选的,包括以下重量份的原料:麻黄450g、桂枝450g、赤芍450g、辽细辛400g、干姜350g、法半夏500g、北五味子400g、红参450g、蝉蜕300g、紫苑450g、芦根450g、枳实450g、生姜350g、甘草350g。
本发明还提出了一种治疗急慢性气管炎的中药制剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、将中药材除生姜外其余干燥净化,按最佳质量配比称量备用;
S2、将红参切片,生姜切片,甘草蜜炙,枳实麸炒至微黄;
S3、将按最佳质量配比称重,并依法炮制后的药物,除生姜、蝉蜕外,其余药品全部破碎为颗粒备用;
S4、将破碎后的药物和生姜、蝉蜕全部装入金属容器内,加入五倍量的饮用水,即29kg,在10-25℃常温下浸泡8h,每隔1-2h搅拌一次;
S5、将浸泡8h后的汤药搅拌,加热煮沸后,小火慢煮30-40分钟后,降温过滤出药汁,装入金属容器中备用;
S6、将过滤后的药渣加饮用水8kg,煮沸后小火煮30-40分钟后,降温过滤出药汁,加入第一次煮出的药液内合匀,称重备用;
S7、将两次煮出的药汁,小火煮沸浓缩至二分之一后,降温沉淀,吸出清液,按口服液的制备方法,制备为口服液;
S8、将口服液分装于药用塑料刻度瓶中,每刻度为10ml,每200ml为一瓶,每10瓶为一盒。
优选的,所述S1中,最佳质量配比为:以下共5800g,计5.8kg:麻黄450g、桂枝450g、赤芍450g、辽细辛400g、干姜350g、法半夏500g、北五味子400g、红参450g、蝉蜕300g、紫苑450g、芦根450g、枳实450g、生姜350g、甘草350g。
优选的,所述S4中,将破碎后的药物和生姜、蝉蜕全部装入金属容器内,加入五倍量的饮用水,即29kg,在25℃常温下浸泡8h,每隔2h搅拌一次。
优选的,所述S5中,将浸泡8h后的汤药搅拌,加热煮沸后,小火慢煮30分钟后,降温过滤出药汁,装入金属容器中备用。
优选的,所述S6中,将过滤后的药渣加饮用水8kg,煮沸后小火煮30分钟后,降温过滤出药汁,加入第一次煮出的药液内合匀,称重备用。
麻黄:归肺、膀胱经,具有发汗平喘利水之作用,用于外感风寒,恶寒发热,头身疼痛,鼻塞无汗的表寒实证。
桂枝:归心、肺、膀胱经,具有发汗解表,温经通阳之作用,用于外感风寒之头痛、发热、恶寒等证,常与药物配伍调和营卫,与麻黄配伍助其发汗解表作用,两者常相须为用。
赤芍:苦、微寒,归肝经,具有清热凉血,祛瘀缓急止痛之作用。
辽细辛:辛温,归肺、肾经,具有祛风散寒、止痛、温肺化饮、宣通鼻窍等作用。
本品芳香气浓,性善走窜,常用于寒饮伏肺,咳嗽气喘,痰多清稀者,具温肺化饮开闭之功,是治疗肺气闭阻而咳喘的主药,常与麻黄、干姜、北五味子配伍应用。同时亦治鼻炎、鼻塞、流清涕、头痛等证。
干姜:辛热,归脾、胃、心、肺经。具有温中、回阳、温肺化饮之功,用于寒饮伏肺、咳嗽气喘、痰多清稀、形寒背冷等证,常与麻黄、细辛、北五味子同用。
法半夏:辛温,归脾、胃、肺经,具有燥湿化痰,降逆止呕,消痞散结之功,用于脾不化湿,痰涎壅滞所致的痰多、咳嗽、气逆、胸脘痞闷,呕吐等证,是治湿痰之要药,常配伍细辛、干姜同用。
北五味子:酸、温,归肺、肾、心经。具有敛肺滋肾,生津敛汗、宁心安神等作用,常用于久咳虚喘,肺肾不足之喘咳,具有止咳平喘、宁心安神之效。
红参:甘、微苦,微温,入心、肺、脾经,元气下起于肾,上及于肺,为人体生化动力之源泉。本品擅大补元气,脾为生化之源,肺为主气之脏,元气旺盛则脾肺肾元气充足,免疫力増强病体易于康复,故本品为补心,肺、脾,肾气之主药。
蝉蜕:甘、寒,归肺、肝经。具有疏风热、透疹,息风止痉,明目退翳之功效,并有凉散风热,清利头目,治疗风热郁肺,发热、咽痛、声音嘶哑,开宣肺气之效,具有抗过敏作用,解麻黄容易引起呕吐之弊。
紫苑:苦、甘、微、温,归肺经,具有化痰止咳,用于咳嗽气逆,咯痰不爽,其性温润苦泄,有较好的化痰止咳作用,常用于外感风寒,咳嗽痰多,以及肺虚久咳,痰中带血等多种类型的咳嗽。
芦根:甘、寒,归肺、胃经,具有清热生津,止呕除烦。用于肺热咳嗽,痰稠口干,能清泄肺热,疏畅气管,润燥缓咳,常用于肺痈咳吐脓痰。
枳实:苦、辛,微寒,归肺、胃、大肠经,具有行气消积,化痰除痞之效,常用于食积停滞,脘腹胀满,痰浊阻塞气机,有行气消痰,理气通痞塞,升举中气之功。
生姜:辛,微温,归肺、胃经,具有发汗解表,温中止呕,温肺止咳等功效,用于外感风寒,恶寒发热,头痛、鼻塞,能温中和胃,降逆止呕,能解半夏、南星、鱼蟹之毒。
甘草:甘、平,归心、肺、脾、胃经;具有补脾益气,润肺止咳,缓急止痛,缓和药性之功效。
采用麻黄、桂枝、细辛、法半夏、干姜发汗解表,温散肺寒,化痰饮,祛伏邪.利肺气,为君药;红参补肺、脾、肾之气,赤芍、五味子、紫苑、蝉蜕、芦根宣通气管、支气管,解痉化痰,止咳喘,为臣药;枳实、芦根调畅气机,治胸脘痞胀,为佐药;生姜、甘草辛散甘甜,入脾肺,为使药。
本发明的有益效果是:
本发明具有驰缓气管、支气管平滑肌的作用,有扩张外周血管,改善肾上腺皮质功能及心肺功能,降低血流阻力,改善血液循环,促进红细胞糖酵解等药理作用,具有止咳平喘、抗炎、抗敏,调节血管及肾上腺、肺功能等作用,为临床治疗急慢性气管炎、肺炎、肺气肿、肺心病、慢阻师、过敏性气管炎引起的吼咳喘、提供了药理学依据。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步解说。
实施例一
本发明提出了一种治疗急慢性气管炎的中药制剂,包括以下重量份的原料:包括以下重量份的原料:麻黄10g、桂枝10g、赤芍10g、辽细辛10g、干姜10g、法半夏15g、北五味子10g、红参10g、蝉蜕10g、紫苑10g、芦根10g、枳实10g、生姜10g、甘草10g;
其制备方法包括以下步骤:
S1、将中药材除生姜外其余干燥净化,按配比称量备用;
S2、将红参切片,生姜切片,甘草蜜炙,枳实麸炒至微黄;
S3、按配比称重,并依法炮制后的药物,除生姜、蝉蜕外,其余药品全部破碎为颗粒备用;
S4、将破碎后的药物和生姜、蝉蜕全部装入金属容器内,加入五倍量的饮用水,即29kg,在10℃常温下浸泡8h,每隔1h搅拌一次;
S5、将浸泡8h后的汤药搅拌,加热煮沸后,小火慢煮30分钟后,降温过滤出药汁,装入金属容器中备用;
S6、将过滤后的药渣加饮用水8kg,煮沸后小火煮30分钟后,降温过滤出药汁,加入第一次煮出的药液内合匀,称重备用;
S7、将两次煮出的药汁,小火煮沸浓缩至二分之一后,降温沉淀,吸出清液,按口服液的制备方法,制备为口服液;
S8、将口服液分装于药用塑料刻度瓶中,每刻度为10ml,每200ml为一瓶,每10瓶为一盒。
服用方法:1-2岁小儿,每次服20ml,每天服3次;2-4岁小儿,每次服30ml,每天服3次;4-6岁小儿,每次服40ml,每日服3次;6-8岁儿童,每次服50ml,每天服3次;8-10岁儿童,每次服60ml,每天服3次;10-12岁儿童,每次服70ml,每日服3次;12-14岁儿童,每次服80ml,每日服3次;14-16岁儿童,每次服80-90ml,每日服3次;16-18岁少年,改服浓缩丸。
实施例二
本发明提出了一种治疗急慢性气管炎的中药制剂,包括以下重量份的原料:包括以下重量份的原料:麻黄45g、桂枝45g、赤芍45g、辽细辛40g、干姜35g、法半夏50g、北五味子40g、红参45g、蝉蜕30g、紫苑45g、芦根45g、枳实45g、生姜35g、甘草35g;
其制备方法包括以下步骤:
S1、将中药材除生姜外其余干燥净化,按配比称量备用;
S2、将红参切片,生姜切片,甘草蜜炙,枳实麸炒至微黄;
S3、按配比称重,并依法炮制后的药物,除生姜、蝉蜕外,其余药品全部破碎为颗粒备用;
S4、将破碎后的药物和生姜、蝉蜕全部装入金属容器内,加入五倍量的饮用水,即29kg,在15℃常温下浸泡8h,每隔2h搅拌一次;
S5、将浸泡8h后的汤药搅拌,加热煮沸后,小火慢煮35分钟后,降温过滤出药汁,装入金属容器中备用;
S6、将过滤后的药渣加饮用水8kg,煮沸后小火煮35分钟后,降温过滤出药汁,加入第一次煮出的药液内合匀,称重备用;
S7、将两次煮出的药汁,小火煮沸浓缩至二分之一后,降温沉淀,吸出清液,按口服液的制备方法,制备为口服液;
S8、将口服液分装于药用塑料刻度瓶中,每刻度为10ml,每200ml为一瓶,每10瓶为一盒。
实施例三
本发明提出了一种治疗急慢性气管炎的中药制剂,包括以下重量份的原料:麻黄450g、桂枝450g、赤芍450g、辽细辛400g、干姜350g、法半夏500g、北五味子400g、红参450g、蝉蜕300g、紫苑450g、芦根450g、枳实450g、生姜350g、甘草350g;
其制备方法包括以下步骤:
S1、将中药材除生姜外其余干燥净化,按配比称量备用;
S2、将红参切片,生姜切片,甘草蜜炙,枳实麸炒至微黄;
S3、按配比称重,并依法炮制后的药物,除生姜、蝉蜕外,其余药品全部破碎为颗粒备用;
S4、将破碎后的药物和生姜、蝉蜕全部装入金属容器内,加入五倍量的饮用水,即29kg,在25℃常温下浸泡8h,每隔2h搅拌一次;
S5、将浸泡8h后的汤药搅拌,加热煮沸后,小火慢煮30分钟后,降温过滤出药汁,装入金属容器中备用;
S6、将过滤后的药渣加饮用水8kg,煮沸后小火煮30分钟后,降温过滤出药汁,加入第一次煮出的药液内合匀,称重备用;
S7、将两次煮出的药汁,小火煮沸浓缩至二分之一后,降温沉淀,吸出清液,按口服液的制备方法,制备为口服液;
S8、将口服液分装于药用塑料刻度瓶中,每刻度为10ml,每200ml为一瓶,每10瓶为一盒。
实施例四
与实施例一的区别在于:S7中,将两次煮出的药汁,加热浓缩后,按浓缩丸的制备方法制备为浓缩丸,每10丸重5g,每100丸为一瓶,每10瓶为一盒,每10丸相当于配方饮片30g药效;
服用方法:
16-18岁少年,每次服12丸,每天服3次;18岁以上成人,每次服15丸,每天服3次。病情严重者,每次服18丸,每天服3次。
禁忌:
1、肺胃有热患者,出现烦燥,发热,多汗,口渴,舌红胎黄,尿少便秘者,禁用此口服液和浓缩丸。
2、患者禁食酸、冷、油腻食物。
对实施例一至四制得的治疗急慢性气管炎的中药制剂,对比常规的中药制剂,实验数据如下表所示:
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种治疗急慢性气管炎的中药制剂,其特征在于,包括以下重量份的原料:麻黄10-450g、桂枝10-450g、赤芍10-450g、辽细辛10-400g、干姜10-350g、法半夏15-500g、北五味子10-400g、红参10-450g、蝉蜕10-300g、紫苑10-450g、芦根10-450g、枳实10-450g、生姜10-350g、甘草10-350g。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种治疗急慢性气管炎的中药制剂,其特征在于,包括以下重量份的原料:麻黄20-45g、桂枝20-45g、赤芍20-45g、辽细辛20-40g、干姜20-35g、法半夏30-50g、北五味子20-40g、红参20-45g、蝉蜕15-30g、紫苑20-45g、芦根20-45g、枳实20-45g、生姜15-35g、甘草20-35g。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种治疗急慢性气管炎的中药制剂,其特征在于,包括以下重量份的原料:麻黄450g、桂枝450g、赤芍450g、辽细辛400g、干姜350g、法半夏500g、北五味子400g、红参450g、蝉蜕300g、紫苑450g、芦根450g、枳实450g、生姜350g、甘草350g。
4.一种治疗急慢性气管炎的中药制剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S1、将中药材除生姜外其余干燥净化,按最佳质量配比称量备用;
S2、将红参切片,生姜切片,甘草蜜炙,枳实麸炒至微黄;
S3、将按最佳质量配比称重,并依法炮制后的药物,除生姜、蝉蜕外,其余药品全部破碎为颗粒备用;
S4、将破碎后的药物和生姜、蝉蜕全部装入金属容器内,加入五倍量的饮用水,即29kg,在10-25℃常温下浸泡8h,每隔1-2h搅拌一次;
S5、将浸泡8h后的汤药搅拌,加热煮沸后,小火慢煮30-40分钟后,降温过滤出药汁,装入金属容器中备用;
S6、将过滤后的药渣加饮用水8kg,煮沸后小火煮30-40分钟后,降温过滤出药汁,加入第一次煮出的药液内合匀,称重备用;
S7、将两次煮出的药汁,小火煮沸浓缩至二分之一后,降温沉淀,吸出清液,按口服液的制备方法,制备为口服液;
S8、将口服液分装于药用塑料刻度瓶中,每刻度为10ml,每200ml为一瓶,每10瓶为一盒。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种治疗急慢性气管炎的中药制剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述S1中,最佳质量配比为:以下共5800g,计5.8kg:麻黄450g、桂枝450g、赤芍450g、辽细辛400g、干姜350g、法半夏500g、北五味子400g、红参450g、蝉蜕300g、紫苑450g、芦根450g、枳实450g、生姜350g、甘草350g。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种治疗急慢性气管炎的中药制剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述S4中,将破碎后的药物和生姜、蝉蜕全部装入金属容器内,加入五倍量的饮用水,即29kg,在25℃常温下浸泡8h,每隔2h搅拌一次。
7.根据权利要求4所述的一种治疗急慢性气管炎的中药制剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述S5中,将浸泡8h后的汤药搅拌,加热煮沸后,小火慢煮30分钟后,降温过滤出药汁,装入金属容器中备用。
8.根据权利要求4所述的一种治疗急慢性气管炎的中药制剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述S6中,将过滤后的药渣加饮用水8kg,煮沸后小火煮30分钟后,降温过滤出药汁,加入第一次煮出的药液内合匀,称重备用。
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