CN115612880B - Nano amorphous alloy particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Nano amorphous alloy particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115612880B CN115612880B CN202211340149.5A CN202211340149A CN115612880B CN 115612880 B CN115612880 B CN 115612880B CN 202211340149 A CN202211340149 A CN 202211340149A CN 115612880 B CN115612880 B CN 115612880B
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- amorphous alloy
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- composite material
- nano amorphous
- aluminum
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- 229910000808 amorphous metal alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 183
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 145
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 143
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 136
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 124
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical group [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical group [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 zirconium ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001429 cobalt ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+) Chemical compound [Co+2] XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001448 ferrous ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- GBNDTYKAOXLLID-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(4+) ion Chemical compound [Zr+4] GBNDTYKAOXLLID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001192 hot extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XMVONEAAOPAGAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium tungstate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O XMVONEAAOPAGAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001513 hot isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- MTNDZQHUAFNZQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazoline Chemical compound C1CN=CN1 MTNDZQHUAFNZQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- PBYZMCDFOULPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungstate Chemical compound [O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O PBYZMCDFOULPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Co+2] GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt dinitrate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001981 cobalt nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960002089 ferrous chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010884 ion-beam technique Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe]Cl NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001453 nickel ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ZXAUZSQITFJWPS-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium(4+);disulfate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZXAUZSQITFJWPS-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 2
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 64
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 36
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 36
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 23
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 238000003856 thermoforming Methods 0.000 description 11
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 9
- GFHNAMRJFCEERV-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt chloride hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Cl-].[Cl-].[Co+2] GFHNAMRJFCEERV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- YFVXLROHJBSEDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[(4-nitrophenyl)diazenyl]-n-phenylaniline Chemical compound C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C1N=NC(C=C1)=CC=C1NC1=CC=CC=C1 YFVXLROHJBSEDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 3
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 2
- OSJAVLJEMGYHGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Zr].[W] Chemical compound [Zr].[W] OSJAVLJEMGYHGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000005457 ice water Substances 0.000 description 2
- SURQXAFEQWPFPV-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate heptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SURQXAFEQWPFPV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011156 metal matrix composite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007709 nanocrystallization Methods 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052580 B4C Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron carbide Chemical compound B12B3B4C32B41 INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001161 mammalian embryo Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005501 phase interface Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011208 reinforced composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002490 spark plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010104 thermoplastic forming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
- B22F1/054—Nanosized particles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/08—Metallic powder characterised by particles having an amorphous microstructure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/105—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
- B22F3/15—Hot isostatic pressing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/17—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by forging
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/18—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by using pressure rollers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/20—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by extruding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/002—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof amorphous or microcrystalline
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/16—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes
- B22F9/18—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds
- B22F9/24—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds starting from liquid metal compounds, e.g. solutions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C45/00—Amorphous alloys
- C22C45/02—Amorphous alloys with iron as the major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C45/00—Amorphous alloys
- C22C45/04—Amorphous alloys with nickel or cobalt as the major constituent
-
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Abstract
The invention provides a nano amorphous alloy particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the composite material comprises a reinforcement body and a matrix; the reinforcement is nano amorphous alloy particles, and the matrix is aluminum or aluminum alloy; in the composite material, the volume fraction of the reinforcement is 1-30%; the size of the nano amorphous alloy particles is 20-100 nm, the nano amorphous alloy particles are cobalt-based or iron-based or nickel-based nano amorphous alloy particles doped with atoms, and the atoms are zirconium atoms or tungsten atoms. The nano amorphous alloy particles prepared by a chemical reduction method are used as reinforcements, so that the advantages of high specific surface area, high strength and high hardness of the amorphous alloy, excellent interface combination of the amorphous alloy and a matrix material and the like of the nano material can be exerted, excellent strengthening efficiency is shown, and the prepared aluminum-based composite material can meet the application requirements of high and new technical fields such as aerospace, rail transit, national defense industry and the like on the light weight and high strength of the material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal matrix composite materials, in particular to a nano amorphous alloy particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Aluminum and its alloys are widely used because of their advantages of low density, high specific strength, high specific modulus, good conductivity, etc., and are one of the key materials for national major engineering and national economic development. With the rapid development of high and new technical fields such as aerospace, rail transit and national defense industry and the new demand of the sustainable development of new period for material weight reduction, a single metal material is difficult to meet the use demand under complex and harsh conditions, and the compounding is one of effective ways for realizing higher mechanical properties and functional characteristics of the material. The metal material compounding is to add a second phase (particles, whiskers, short fibers and the like) with specific performance or excellent comprehensive performance into a metal matrix, so that the novel metal matrix composite material is prepared to have excellent performances such as high modulus, high strength, friction and wear resistance, high damping, high thermal conductivity and the like, so as to compensate a performance short plate of the metal matrix and realize the improvement of the comprehensive performance.
The amorphous alloy has no dislocation, grain boundary and other defects owing to disordered arrangement of atoms, and has excellent mechanical performance, magnetic performance, anticorrosive performance, casting performance, thermoplastic forming performance, etc. The amorphous alloy system is comprehensive and comprises iron-based and cobalt-based amorphous alloys characterized by high strength and soft magnetism; magnesium-based, aluminum-based, titanium-based amorphous alloys characterized by light weight; palladium-based and platinum-based amorphous alloys characterized by good amorphous forming ability. The amorphous alloy composition is preferable, and the performance of the amorphous alloy composition can be accurately regulated and controlled to meet the required index requirements. Therefore, the material has great application prospect as a high-performance novel structural function integrated material.
The amorphous alloy is used as a reinforcement body, dislocation movement can be effectively prevented in the material deformation process, the strength of a matrix material is further remarkably improved, and meanwhile, excellent performances such as high modulus, low thermal expansion coefficient and the like can be given to the composite material. However, in the material production and application technology, amorphous alloy reinforced aluminum matrix composite materials have some critical problems to be solved: (1) Through literature retrieval of the prior art, the currently used amorphous alloy reinforcement is prepared into micron-sized particles or fibers by a block alloy crushing method or an air atomization method, so that the reinforcement can achieve a remarkable reinforcement effect only by adding a large amount of reinforcement, and the preparation process is complex and high in cost; (2) In order to pursue good amorphous forming capability, transition group elements are mostly adopted as principal elements to prepare amorphous alloy, namely, the alloy density is high, and the characteristic of light weight and high strength of the composite material cannot be highlighted after a large amount of alloy is added.
In the patent document of CN 109763042A, an amorphous alloy reinforced composite material and a preparation method thereof are proposed, wherein an iron-based amorphous alloy with the volume fraction of 25% is taken as a reinforcing phase, and the density of the prepared aluminum-based composite material reaches 4.0g/cm 3 . Although the strength of the material is somewhat improved, it comes at the cost of a substantial sacrifice in the density of the composite material. Patent document CN 109554564A proposes a method for preparing an amorphous alloy particle and carbon nanotube reinforced aluminum matrix composite material, which adopts 10% volume fraction Fe 50 Cr 25 Mo 9 C 13 B 3 Amorphous alloy particles and 2.5wt% of carbon nano tubes are used as reinforcements, and pure aluminum is used as a matrix material; but the strength of the composite material was only 247MPa. Compared with the matrix material, the strength is only improved by 25%, but the density of the material is synchronously improved by 15%. In addition, the expensive micron-sized amorphous alloy particles and carbon nanotubes undoubtedly increase the cost of the composite material, further limiting the possibilities for mass production applications.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the short plate in the prior art, the invention provides a novel nano amorphous alloy reinforced aluminum matrix composite material and a preparation method thereof. The composite material has the advantages of high specific strength and good plastic deformation capacity, effectively exerts the advantages of high specific surface area and high-strength intrinsic performance of nano particles, greatly improves the strengthening efficiency, and can realize the great improvement of the strength of the composite material by a small amount of addition of a reinforcing body. The preparation method has simple and efficient process flow and controls the process cost to a certain extent.
A method for preparing a nano amorphous Ni-B catalyst is proposed in patent document CN 110075852B, but the Ni-B sample prepared by the method is completely crystallized after annealing at 350 ℃. The crystallized nano particles are added into the composite material, so that the effect of the amorphous nano particles on the performance improvement is far less than that of the amorphous nano particles (the amorphous and crystalline nano particle reinforced two aluminum-based composite materials are compared, namely, 2.0vol.% CoZrB nano amorphous alloy/aluminum-based composite material in example 10 and 2.0vol.% CoZrB@500 ℃ nano particle/aluminum-based composite material in comparative example 3), and the amorphous particles have more remarkable reinforcing effects, namely, higher strength and more excellent plastic deformation capability. Furthermore, co and Fe are selected as precursors, zr and W are selected as doping atoms, and the crystallization temperature of the nano amorphous particles is increased to more than 435 ℃ (shown as a differential thermal curve in figure 2), so that a guarantee is provided for preparing the nano amorphous alloy particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material with good performance.
The preparation method of the composite material provided by the invention comprises the steps of preparing nano-scale amorphous alloy particles by utilizing oxidation-reduction reaction, uniformly mixing the nano-scale amorphous alloy particles with matrix powder by using a mechanical ball milling method, and preparing the nano-scale amorphous alloy particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material by hot-press sintering and hot extrusion processes under a protective atmosphere. The invention prepares nano amorphous alloy particles by using a simple chemical reaction method, the process is efficient and controllable, and the nano particles are used as reinforcements, so that the reinforcement effect of the nano amorphous alloy particles in a matrix material can be fully exerted. The method is energy-saving, time-saving, safe, easy to implement and controllable in cost, and the prepared novel composite material is excellent in mechanical property, suitable for mass industrial production and good in application prospect.
The invention aims at realizing the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a nano amorphous alloy particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material, which comprises a reinforcement body and a matrix; the reinforcement is nano amorphous alloy particles, and the matrix is aluminum or aluminum alloy; in the composite material, the volume fraction of the reinforcement is 1-30%;
the size of the nano amorphous alloy particles is 20-100 nm.
Preferably, in the composite material, the volume fraction of the reinforcement is 2 to 10%, more preferably the volume fraction of the reinforcement is 2 to 5%.
As a preferable scheme, the nano amorphous alloy particles are cobalt-based or iron-based or nickel-based nano amorphous alloy particles doped with atoms, wherein the atoms are zirconium atoms or tungsten atoms, and the doping amount of the atoms is 0-10%. More preferably, the atomic doping amount is 2 to 5%, and most preferably, the atomic doping amount is 5%.
Preferably, the atom doped cobalt-based or iron-based or nickel-based nano amorphous alloy particles are selected from Co 60- x Zr x B 40 、Co 60-x W x B 40 、Fe 60-x Zr x B 40 、Fe 60-x W x B 40 、Ni 60-x Zr x B 40 、Ni 60-x W x B 40 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein 0.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.10, more preferably 2.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.5, most preferably x=5.
More preferably, the nano amorphous alloy particles are atom doped cobalt-based or iron-based nano amorphous alloy particles, and are specifically selected from Co 60-x Zr x B 40 、Co 60-x W x B 40 、Fe 60-x Zr x B 40 、Fe 60-x W x B 40 Wherein x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 10. In the previous experiments of the inventor, only cobalt-based or iron-based nano amorphous alloy particles doped with zirconium atoms or tungsten atoms are added into an aluminum matrix, and after thermal processing and forming, the amorphous crystal structure can be maintained; if other metal atoms are adopted to replace Co and Fe, the prepared nano particles cannot keep amorphous crystal structures after being added.
In the nano amorphous alloy particles, doping atoms are used for improving the thermal stability of the nano particles, improving the crystallization temperature and widening the temperature range of the preparation process. Based on the adoption of atoms with larger atomic number (better heat stability effect), and the metal salt of the zirconium-tungsten composite material can be dissolved in water and can be prepared into precursor solution, and the price is proper, zirconium atoms and tungsten atoms are selected, and the zirconium-tungsten composite material is effective and feasible through early experiments.
As a preferred scheme, the atom doped cobalt-based or iron-based or nickel-based nano amorphous alloy particles are prepared by a redox method, and prior to the invention, the nano amorphous alloy particles prepared by the redox method are mainly used in the catalysis field, and no report of the application of the nano amorphous alloy particles as reinforcement in the preparation of aluminum-based alloy materials is found;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
a1, preparing cobalt ion or ferrous ion or nickel ion aqueous solution, and then adding zirconium ion or tungstate ion aqueous solution to serve as precursor solution;
a2, preparing a borohydride aqueous solution, and regulating the pH value of the solution by ammonia water to serve as a reducing agent;
and A3, adding a reducing agent into the precursor solution in the ice bath environment to obtain the atom doped cobalt-based or iron-based nano amorphous alloy particles.
In the step A1, the cobalt ion aqueous solution is cobalt chloride or cobalt nitrate aqueous solution, and the ferrous ion aqueous solution is ferrous sulfate, ferrous chloride or ferrous nitrate aqueous solution;
the zirconium ion aqueous solution is a zirconium sulfate aqueous solution, and the tungstate radical aqueous solution is a sodium tungstate aqueous solution;
in the precursor solution, the concentration of cations is 0.05-5 mol/L, and the proportion of zirconium ions or tungsten ions in the total amount of cations is 0-10%.
In the preferred scheme, in the step A2, the borohydride aqueous solution is sodium borohydride or potassium borohydride aqueous solution, the borohydride concentration is 0.1-10 mol/L, and the pH of the reducing agent is 10-12.
In a preferred scheme, in the step A3, the reducing agent is added into the precursor solution dropwise at a speed of 1-5 mL/min.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the nano amorphous alloy particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material, which comprises the following steps:
b1, mechanically ball milling nano amorphous alloy particles and powder of a matrix material in a protective atmosphere to obtain uniformly mixed composite material powder;
the mechanical ball milling means: ball milling rotation speed is 200-800 rpm/min, and ball milling time is 1-10 h;
and B2, carrying out hot-press sintering and/or thermal deformation processing on the composite material powder in a protective atmosphere to obtain the nano amorphous alloy particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material.
Preferably, in the step B1, the matrix material is spherical powder of aluminum or aluminum alloy, and the average particle size of the powder is 10-100 μm;
the mechanical ball milling process is a planetary ball milling method, wherein a process control agent is added in the process, and the process control agent is one or more selected from titanate, oleic acid, imidazoline or stearic acid;
in the steps B1 and B2, the protective atmosphere includes at least one of argon and nitrogen.
In the step B2, preferably, any one of spark ion beam sintering and hot isostatic pressing sintering is adopted; the sintering temperature is higher than the decomposition temperature of the process control agent but lower than the crystallization temperature of the nano amorphous alloy;
the heat deformation processing comprises one or more of hot forging, hot rolling or hot extrusion, and the adopted experimental temperature is higher than the recovery temperature of the matrix material but lower than the crystallization temperature of the nano amorphous alloy.
Preferably, the hot press sintering is performed at a temperature of 350-450 ℃ for 0.5-1 h.
Compared with the existing amorphous alloy reinforced aluminum matrix composite material preparation process, the preparation method has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The invention realizes the nanocrystallization of the amorphous alloy, has simple and efficient preparation process and controllable cost, effectively exerts the characteristic of high specific surface area of the nano reinforcement, and promotes the great improvement of the reinforcement efficiency.
(2) The aluminum-based composite material prepared by the method has wide application range, and because the reinforcing body and the matrix material have metal bonds, the interface combination is good, the hot-press sintering and thermal deformation processing temperatures can be reduced to a certain extent, the energy and time are saved, the process is reliable and efficient, and the large-scale production is facilitated.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments, given with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a Co produced in the examples of the present invention 55 Zr 5 B 40 Scanning electron microscope pictures of nano amorphous alloy particle samples;
FIG. 2 is a Co produced in the example of the present invention 55 Zr 5 B 40 With Fe 55 Zr 5 B 40 A differential thermal curve of the nano amorphous alloy particle sample;
FIG. 3 is an XRD pattern of each nano-amorphous alloy particle prepared in the examples of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the tensile stress-strain curve, compressive stress-strain curve, and tensile stress-strain curve of each composite material prepared in the examples of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the present invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications could be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the inventive concept. These are all within the scope of the present invention.
The following examples provide a nano amorphous alloy reinforced aluminum matrix composite and a method for preparing the same, wherein nano amorphous alloy particles prepared by a chemical reduction method are used as reinforcements, pure aluminum or aluminumThe alloy is used as a matrix material and is prepared by a powder metallurgy process and a subsequent hot working process. Wherein the reinforcement is a zirconium doped cobalt-based nano amorphous alloy (Co 60-x Zr x B 40 ) Tungsten doped cobalt based nanoamorphous alloys (Co 60-x W x B 40 ) Zirconium doped iron-based nano amorphous alloy (Fe 60-x Zr x B 40 ) Or tungsten doped iron-based nano amorphous alloy (Fe 60-x W x B 40 ) The atomic percentage of the doping element is 0-10% (i.e. x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 10), the particle size of the reinforcement is 20-100 nm, the content of the reinforcement is 1-30% of the total volume of the composite material, and the balance is the matrix material.
In the following examples, the steps for preparing the nano amorphous alloy reinforced aluminum matrix composite are as follows:
A. preparation of atom doped cobalt-based or iron-based nano amorphous alloy particles
A1, preparing cobalt ion or ferrous ion aqueous solution, and then adding zirconium ion or tungstate ion aqueous solution to serve as precursor solution; in the precursor solution, the concentration of cations is 0.05-5 mol/L, and the proportion of zirconium ions or tungsten ions in the total amount of cations is 0-10%.
A2, preparing a borohydride aqueous solution with the borohydride concentration of 0.1-10 mol/L, and regulating the pH value of the solution to 10-12 by ammonia water to be used as a reducing agent;
and A3, dropwise adding a reducing agent into the precursor solution in an ice bath environment at a speed of 1-5 mL/min to obtain the atom doped cobalt-based or iron-based nano amorphous alloy particles.
B. Preparation of composite materials
B1, mechanically ball-milling the nano amorphous alloy particles prepared in the step A and the powder of the matrix material in a protective atmosphere, wherein the ball-milling speed is 200-800 rpm/min, and the ball-milling time is 1-10 h, so as to obtain uniformly mixed composite material powder; the mechanical ball milling adopts a planetary ball milling method, and a process control agent is added in the process, wherein the process control agent is selected from one or more of titanate, oleic acid, imidazoline or stearic acid; the protective atmosphere can be at least one of argon and nitrogen, but is not limited to the above; the matrix material is pure aluminum or aluminum alloy material, and the average grain diameter of the powder is 10-100 mu m.
B2, carrying out hot-press sintering and/or thermal deformation processing on the composite material powder in a protective atmosphere to obtain the nano amorphous alloy particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material; the hot press sintering mode is selected from spark plasma sintering and hot isostatic pressing sintering, wherein the sintering temperature is 350-450 ℃ and the sintering time is 0.5-1 h; the heat deformation processing is selected from hot forging, hot rolling or hot extrusion.
Under the above conditions, the corresponding nano amorphous alloy particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite can be prepared.
In the examples listed below, pure aluminum and 5083 aluminum alloy were used as the base materials, respectively. The aluminum powder and 5083 aluminum alloy powder are spherical powder prepared by an atomization molding process, and the average particle size is about 10 mu m. The room temperature mechanical properties of the materials in all examples were carried out with reference to GB/T228.1-2010, with a stretching rate of 0.3mm/min.
Example 1
The present implementation provides a low volume fraction Co 55 Zr 5 B 40 The preparation process of the (atomic percent) nano amorphous alloy reinforced aluminum-based composite material (the content of the nano amorphous alloy is 5.0 vol.%) comprises the following steps:
1. to prepare 10g Co 55 Zr 5 B 40 Nano amorphous alloy particles are exemplified:
1.1 cobalt chloride hexahydrate (CoCl) 2 ·6H 2 O) and zirconium sulfate tetrahydrate (Zr (SO) 4 ) 2 ·4H 2 O) preparing a precursor aqueous solution, wherein the concentration of Co ions is 0.45mol/L and the concentration of Zr ions is 0.05mol/L. The total volume of the precursor aqueous solution was 270mL.
1.2 taking sodium borohydride (NaBH) 4 ) Preparing a reducing agent, naBH 4 The concentration was 6mol/L, and ammonia water (NH) 3 ·H 2 O) adjusting the pH of the reducing agent solution to 12. The volume of the aqueous reducing agent was 67.5mL.
1.3 dropwise addition of the reducing agent solution to the precursor of the ice-water bathIn the aqueous solution, the dropping speed is 1mL/min, and the mixture is stirred and mixed uniformly by magnetic force. After the reaction is completed, filtering, cleaning, and drying the black precipitate at 60 ℃ under the protection of argon gas to obtain Co 55 Zr 5 B 40 The morphology of the nano amorphous alloy particles under a scanning electron microscope is shown in figure 1, and the prepared Co can be seen 55 Zr 5 B 40 The nano amorphous alloy has uniform particle size and particle diameter of 20 nm-100 nm. The XRD pattern is shown in figure 3 (a), and the amorphous structure is characterized obviously. FIG. 2 shows the Co 55 Zr 5 B 40 The difference thermal curve of the nano amorphous alloy particles shows that the crystallization temperature is 435 ℃.
2. To prepare 100g Co 55 Zr 5 B 40 The nano amorphous alloy particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material is exemplified by:
2.1 ball milling process: 88.80g of pure aluminum powder and 10.80g of Co are respectively taken under the protection atmosphere of argon 55 Zr 5 B 40 The nano amorphous alloy particles are placed in two 500mL planetary ball mill grinding tanks, 0.5g of stearic acid is respectively added as a ball milling process control agent, a 440C stainless steel ball with the diameter of 6mm is used as a ball milling medium, the ball-to-material ratio is 10:1, and ball milling is carried out for 2.5 hours at the rotating speed of 300rpm/min, so that the nano amorphous alloy particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite powder is obtained.
2.2 hot press sintering and thermoforming processing technology: and (3) hot-pressing the composite material powder under the protection of argon gas at 400 ℃ under 600MPa for 0.5h to obtain a blank body with the diameter of 40 mm. The composite material embryo is prepared by mixing the raw materials at the temperature of 400 ℃ and the temperature of 25: extruding at extrusion ratio of 1 and extrusion speed of 1mm/s to obtain the composite bar.
The tensile stress strain curve of the composite material prepared in this example is shown as 5.0% Co in FIG. 4 (a) 55 Zr 5 B 40 The aluminum-based composite material is shown. The tensile properties of the composite material compared with the pure aluminum material of comparative example 1 showed that (shown in Table 1), the yield strength was increased from 178MPa to 380MPa of the matrix material, and the tensile strength was increased from 211MPa to 465MPa of the matrix material. The tensile strength value is improved by about 120% due to the addition of nano amorphous alloy particles, and the tensile plasticity is improved by pureThe 11.8% of the aluminum material is reduced to 7.5% and the plasticity is still better maintained. The specific strength of the composite material is 164 MPa cm 3 Per gram, 78MPa cm compared with pure aluminium material 3 The/g is raised by 110%. The compression performance test results of the composite material show (shown in fig. 4 (b) and table 1) that the compression strength is increased from 298MPa to 510MPa of the pure aluminum material, while the compression plasticity is kept consistent with that of the pure aluminum material.
Example 2
The present embodiment provides a low volume fraction of Fe 55 Zr 5 B 40 The preparation process of the (atomic percent) nano amorphous alloy reinforced aluminum-based composite material (the content of the nano amorphous alloy is 2.0 vol.%) comprises the following steps:
1. to prepare 10g of Fe 55 Zr 5 B 40 Nano amorphous alloy particles are exemplified:
1.1 taking ferrous sulfate heptahydrate (FeSO) 4 ·7H 2 O) and zirconium sulfate tetrahydrate (Zr (SO) 4 ) 2 ·4H 2 O) preparing a precursor aqueous solution, wherein the concentration of Fe ions is 0.9mol/L and the concentration of Zr ions is 0.1mol/L. The total volume of the precursor aqueous solution was 170mL.
1.2 taking sodium borohydride (NaBH) 4 ) Preparing a reducing agent, naBH 4 The concentration was 6mol/L, and ammonia water (NH) 3 ·H 2 O) adjusting the pH of the reducing agent solution to 12. The volume of the aqueous reducing agent solution was 84mL.
1.3 adding the reducer solution into the precursor aqueous solution of the ice-water bath dropwise at the speed of 1mL/min, and stirring and mixing uniformly by using magnetic force. After the reaction is completed, filtering, cleaning, and drying the black precipitate at 60 ℃ under the protection of argon gas to obtain Fe 55 Zr 5 B 40 The nano amorphous alloy particles have uniform size and particle size of 20 nm-100 nm. The XRD pattern is shown in FIG. 3 (b), and shows a typical amorphous structure. FIG. 2 shows the Fe 55 Zr 5 B 40 The difference thermal curve of the nano amorphous alloy particles shows that the crystallization temperature is 450 ℃.
2. To prepare 100g of Fe 55 Zr 5 B 40 The nano amorphous alloy particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material is exemplified by:
2.1 composite powder 95.88g of pure aluminum powder and 4.12g of Fe 55 Zr 5 B 40 The nano amorphous alloy particles were prepared by the same ball milling process as in example 1.
2.2 hot pressed sintering and thermoforming process the same as in example 1.
The tensile stress strain curve of the composite material prepared in this example is shown as 2.0% Fe in FIG. 4 (a) 55 Zr 5 B 40 The aluminum-based composite material is shown. The tensile properties of the composite material were tested compared with those of the pure aluminum material of comparative example 1, and the tensile strength was increased from 178MPa to 420MPa of the base material, and from 211MPa to 487MPa of the base alloy (shown in Table 1). Due to the addition of nano amorphous alloy particles, the tensile strength value is improved by about 131%, the material strength is improved remarkably, and the tensile plasticity is reduced from 11.8% of pure aluminum material to 4%. The specific strength of the composite material is 176MPa cm 3 Per g, 126% improvement over pure aluminum material. The compression performance test result of the composite material shows that (shown in table 1) the compression strength is increased from 298MPa to 535MPa of the matrix material, the compression plasticity is reduced from 35% to 23% of the pure aluminum material, and the material plasticity is still maintained to a certain extent.
Example 3
The present implementation provides a low volume fraction Co 55 Zr 5 B 40 (atomic percent) the preparation process of the 5083 aluminum alloy composite material reinforced by the nano amorphous alloy (the content of the nano amorphous alloy is 2.0 vol.%) is as follows:
1. to prepare 10g Co 55 Zr 5 B 40 Nano amorphous alloy particles are exemplified:
Co 55 Zr 5 B 40 the nano amorphous alloy particles were prepared in the same process as in example 1.
2. To prepare 100g Co 55 Zr 5 B 40 The 5083 aluminum alloy composite material reinforced by nano amorphous alloy particles is exemplified by:
2.1 composite powder 95.56g of 5083 aluminum alloy powder and 4.44g of Co 55 Zr 5 B 40 Nano amorphous alloy particles were produced by the same ball milling process as in example 1Is prepared.
2.2 hot pressed sintering and thermoforming process the same as in example 1.
The tensile stress strain curve of the composite material prepared in this example is shown as 2.0vol.% Co in FIG. 4 (c) compared to the 5083 aluminum alloy of comparative example 2 55 Zr 5 B 40 The concrete test results are shown in Table 1. The yield strength of the composite material is increased from 223MPa of the matrix material to 276MPa, and the tensile strength is increased from 360MPa of the matrix material to 416MPa. The tensile plasticity is reduced from 6.5% to 4.7% of the matrix material, and the plasticity is still better maintained. The specific strength of the composite material is 150MPa cm 3 And/g. Due to the addition of the nano amorphous alloy particles, the mechanical property of the 5083 aluminum alloy is improved to a certain extent. The compression performance test result of the composite material shows that (shown in table 1) the compression strength is increased from 410MPa to 550MPa of 5083 aluminum alloy, the compression plasticity is slightly reduced to 25%, and the material plasticity is still well maintained.
Example 4
The present implementation provides a high volume fraction Co 55 Zr 5 B 40 The preparation process of the (atomic percent) nano amorphous alloy reinforced aluminum-based composite material (the content of the nano amorphous alloy is 10.0 vol.%) comprises the following steps:
1. to prepare 10g Co 55 Zr 5 B 40 Nano amorphous alloy particles are exemplified:
Co 55 Zr 5 B 40 the nano amorphous alloy particles were prepared in the same process as in example 1.
2. To prepare 30g Co 55 Zr 5 B 40 The nano amorphous alloy particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material is exemplified by:
2.1 ball milling process: 23.90g of pure aluminum powder and 7.10g of Co are respectively taken under the protection atmosphere of argon 55 Zr 5 B 40 The nano amorphous alloy particles were placed in two 100mL planetary ball mill milling tanks, and 0.15g of stearic acid was added as a milling process control agent, respectively, using the same milling process as in example 1.
2.2 hot press sintering and thermoforming processing technology: and (3) hot-pressing the composite material powder under the protection of argon gas at 400 ℃, 600MPa for 0.5h to obtain a composite material block with the diameter of 25 mm.
Compared with the pure aluminum material of comparative example 1, 10.0vol.% Co prepared in this example 55 Zr 5 B 40 The compression performance test results of the aluminum-based composite material show (shown in fig. 4 (b) and table 1) that the yield strength is increased from 178MPa to 900MPa of the matrix material, the compression strength is increased from 298MPa to 1066MPa of the pure aluminum material, and the compression plasticity is 5.7%. The compression strength value of the material is improved by about 258% due to the addition of the cobalt-based nano amorphous alloy particles with high volume fraction.
Example 5
The present embodiment provides a high volume fraction of Fe 55 Zr 5 B 40 The preparation process of the (atomic percent) nano amorphous alloy reinforced aluminum-based composite material (the content of the nano amorphous alloy is 10.0 vol.%) comprises the following steps:
1. to prepare 10g of Fe 55 Zr 5 B 40 Nano amorphous alloy particles are exemplified:
Fe 55 Zr 5 B 40 the nano amorphous alloy particles were prepared in the same process as in example 1.
2. To prepare 30g of Fe 55 Zr 5 B 40 The nano amorphous alloy particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material is exemplified by:
2.1 composite powder was 24.38g of pure aluminum powder and 5.62g of Fe 55 Zr 5 B 40 Nano amorphous alloy particles were prepared by the same ball milling process as in example 4.
2.2 hot pressed sintering and thermoforming process the same as in example 4.
Compared with the pure aluminum material of comparative example 1, 10.0vol.% Fe prepared in this example 55 Zr 5 B 40 The compression performance test results of the aluminum-based composite material show (shown in fig. 4 (b) and table 1) that the yield strength is increased from 178MPa to 800MPa of the matrix material, the compression strength is increased from 298MPa to 960MPa of the pure aluminum material, and the compression plasticity is 15%. Due to the addition of the iron-based nano amorphous alloy particles with high volume fraction, the compression of the material is strongThe degree is significantly improved (about 220%) while having a certain plastic deformation capacity.
Example 6
The present implementation provides a Co content of 5.0 vol% 60 B 40 The preparation process of the nano amorphous alloy reinforced aluminum-based composite material comprises the following steps:
1. to prepare 10g Co 60 B 40 Nano amorphous alloy particles are exemplified:
compared with example 1, the replacement of the precursor aqueous solution alone was: coCl with concentration of 0.5mol/L 2 An aqueous solution.
Co obtained 60 B 40 The nano amorphous alloy has uniform particle size and particle diameter of 20 nm-100 nm. The XRD pattern is shown in figure 3 (d), and the crystallographic characteristics are amorphous structures.
2. To prepare 30g Co 60 B 40 The nano amorphous alloy particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material is exemplified by:
2.1 composite powder was 20.59g pure aluminum powder and 9.41g Co 60 B 40 The nano amorphous alloy particles were prepared by the same ball milling process as in example 1.
2.2 hot pressed sintering and thermoforming process the same as in example 1.
Compared with the pure aluminum material of comparative example 1, 5.0vol.% Co prepared in this example 60 B 40 The tensile property test results of the aluminum-based composite material show (shown in fig. 4 (a) and table 1) that the yield strength is increased from 178MPa to 350MPa of the pure aluminum material, the tensile strength is increased from 211MPa to 425MPa of the pure aluminum material, and the tensile plasticity is 6.8%. Co (Co) 60 B 40 The addition of the nano amorphous alloy particles can obviously improve the tensile strength (about 101%) of the material, and has better plastic deformation capability. The compression performance test results of the composite material show (shown in table 1) that the compression strength is improved from 298MPa to 450MPa of the pure aluminum material, and the compression plasticity is reduced from 30% to 13% of the matrix material.
Example 7
The present implementation provides a Co content of 5.0 vol% 50 Zr 10 B 40 Nano amorphous alloy reinforced aluminium base compositeThe preparation process of the material comprises the following steps:
1. to prepare 10g Co 50 Zr 10 B 40 Nano amorphous alloy particles are exemplified:
compared to example 1, only the precursor aqueous solution was replaced: cobalt chloride hexahydrate (CoCl) 2 ·6H 2 O) and zirconium sulfate tetrahydrate (Zr (SO) 4 ) 2 ·4H 2 O) preparing a precursor aqueous solution, wherein the concentration of Co ions is 0.416mol/L and the concentration of Zr ions is 0.0833mol/L.
Co obtained 50 Zr 10 B 40 The nano amorphous alloy has uniform particle size and particle diameter of 20 nm-100 nm. The XRD pattern is shown in figure 3 (e), and has amorphous crystallographic characteristics.
2. To prepare 100g Co 50 Zr 10 B 40 The nano amorphous alloy particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material is exemplified by:
2.1 composite powder of 89.42g of pure aluminum powder and 10.58g of nano amorphous alloy particles was prepared by the same ball milling process as in example 1.
2.2 hot pressed sintering and thermoforming process the same as in example 1.
Compared with the pure aluminum material of comparative example 1, 5.0vol.% Co prepared in this example 50 Zr 10 B 40 The tensile property test results of the aluminum-based composite material show (shown in fig. 4 (a) and table 1) that the yield strength is increased from 178MPa to 378MPa of the matrix material, the tensile strength is increased from 211MPa to 450MPa of the pure aluminum material, and the tensile plasticity is 3.5%. Co (Co) 50 Zr 10 B 40 The addition of the nano amorphous alloy particles can obviously improve the tensile strength (about 113%) of the composite material, and has certain plastic deformation capability. The compression performance test results of the composite material show (shown in table 1) that the compression strength is increased from 298MPa to 500MPa of the pure aluminum material, and the compression plasticity is reduced from 30% to 11% of the pure aluminum material.
Example 8
The present implementation provides a Co content of 5.0 vol% 55 W 5 B 40 The preparation process of the nano amorphous alloy reinforced aluminum-based composite material comprises the following steps:
1. to prepare 10g Co 55 W 5 B 40 Nano amorphous alloy particles are exemplified:
compared to example 1, only the precursor aqueous solution was replaced: cobalt chloride hexahydrate (CoCl) 2 ·6H 2 O) and sodium tungstate (Na 2 WO 4 ·6H 2 O) preparing a precursor aqueous solution, wherein the concentration of Co ions is 0.45mol/L and the concentration of W ions is 0.05mol/L.
Co obtained 55 W 5 B 40 The nano amorphous alloy has uniform particle size and particle diameter of 20 nm-100 nm. The XRD pattern is shown in FIG. 3 (c).
2. To prepare 100g Co 55 W 5 B 40 The nano amorphous alloy particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material is exemplified by:
2.1 composite powder of 87.81g pure aluminum powder and 12.19g nano amorphous alloy particles was prepared by the same ball milling process as in example 1.
2.2 hot pressed sintering and thermoforming process the same as in example 1.
Compared with the pure aluminum material of comparative example 1, 5.0vol.% Co prepared in this example 55 W 5 B 40 The tensile property test results of the aluminum-based composite material show (shown in fig. 4 (a) and table 1) that the yield strength is increased from 178MPa to 325MPa of the pure aluminum material, the tensile strength is increased from 211MPa to 448MPa of the pure aluminum material, and the tensile plasticity is 6.9%. Co (Co) 55 W 5 B 40 The addition of the nano amorphous alloy particles can obviously improve the tensile strength (about 112%) of the composite material, and has certain plastic deformation capability. The compression performance test results of the composite material compared with the pure aluminum material of comparative example 1 show that (shown in table 1), the compression strength is increased from 298MPa to 490MPa of the pure aluminum material, and the compression plasticity is reduced from 30% to 20% of the pure aluminum material.
Example 9
The present embodiment provides a composition of 2.0vol.% Fe 55 W 5 B 40 The preparation process of the nano amorphous alloy reinforced aluminum-based composite material comprises the following steps:
1. to prepare 10g of Fe 55 W 5 B 40 Nano amorphous alloy particles are exemplified:
compared to example 1, only the precursor aqueous solution was replaced: cobalt chloride hexahydrate (CoCl) 2 ·6H 2 O) and sodium tungstate (Na 2 WO 4 ·6H 2 O) preparing a precursor aqueous solution, wherein the concentration of Fe ions is 0.9mol/L and the concentration of W ions is 0.1mol/L.
Fe obtained 55 W 5 B 40 The nano amorphous alloy has uniform particle size and particle diameter of 20 nm-100 nm.
2. To prepare 30g of Fe 55 W 5 B 40 The nano amorphous alloy particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material is exemplified by:
2.1 composite powder of 95.48g pure aluminum powder and 4.52g nano amorphous alloy particles was prepared by the same ball milling process as in example 1.
2.2 hot pressed sintering and thermoforming process the same as in example 1.
Compared with the pure aluminum material of comparative example 1, 5.0vol.% Fe prepared in this example 55 W 5 B 40 The tensile property test results of the aluminum-based composite material show (shown in fig. 4 (a) and table 1) that the yield strength is increased from 178MPa to 375MPa of the pure aluminum material, the tensile strength is increased from 211MPa to 470MPa of the pure aluminum material, and the tensile plasticity is 3.6%. Fe (Fe) 55 W 5 B 40 The addition of the nano amorphous alloy particles can obviously improve the tensile strength of the composite material (about 123%), and has certain plastic deformation capability. The compression performance test results of the composite material compared with the pure aluminum material of comparative example 1 show that (shown in table 1), the compression strength is increased from 298MPa to 520MPa of the base material, and the compression plasticity is reduced from 30% to 13% of the pure aluminum material.
Example 10
The present implementation provides a Co content of 2.0 vol% 55 Zr 5 B 40 The preparation process of the nano amorphous alloy reinforced aluminum-based composite material comprises the following steps:
1. to prepare 10g Co 55 Zr 5 B 40 Nano amorphous alloy particles are exemplified:
Co 55 Zr 5 B 40 the nano amorphous alloy particles were prepared in the same process as in example 1.
2. To prepare 100g Co 55 Zr 5 B 40 The nano amorphous alloy particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material is exemplified by:
2.1 composite powder of 95.55g pure aluminum powder and 4.45g nano amorphous alloy particles was prepared by the same ball milling process as in example 1.
2.2 hot pressed sintering and thermoforming process the same as in example 1.
Compared with the pure aluminum material of comparative example 1, 2.0vol.% Co prepared in this example 55 Zr 5 B 40 The tensile property test results of the aluminum-based composite material show that (2.0 vol.% CoZrB amorphous alloy/aluminum-based composite material in FIG. 4 (d) and shown in Table 1), the yield strength is increased from 178MPa of the matrix material to 326MPa, the tensile strength is increased from 211MPa of the matrix alloy to 387MPa, and the tensile plasticity is 8.0%. Co (Co) 55 Zr 5 B 40 The addition of the nano amorphous alloy particles remarkably improves the tensile strength of the composite material (about 83%), and has good plastic deformation capability. The compression strength of the composite material is 405MPa, and the compression plasticity is 32%.
2.0vol.% Co prepared with comparative example 3 55 Zr 5 B 40 Compared with the nanoparticle reinforced aluminum matrix composite at 500 ℃ (2.0 vol.% CoZrB@500 ℃/aluminum matrix composite in FIG. 4 (d)), 2.0vol.% Co prepared in this example 55 Zr 5 B 40 The aluminum-based composite material has higher yield strength and tensile strength and more excellent plastic deformation capability.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides a preparation process for preparing pure aluminum by powder metallurgy, which comprises the following process steps:
1. 50g of pure aluminum powder was taken and ball milling was performed in the same manner as in example 1.
2. The hot press sintering and hot forming processes were the same as in example 1.
The tensile properties of the pure aluminum bars prepared in this comparative example were tested (shown in fig. 4 (a) and table 1): yield toThe strength is 178MPa, the tensile strength is 211MPa, and the elongation reaches 11.8%. The specific strength of the material (ratio of tensile strength to material density) was 78MPa cm 3 And/g. Results of the compression performance test of pure aluminum bars (fig. 4 (b) and table 1): the compression strength is 298MPa, and the compression plasticity is 35%.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example provides a preparation process for preparing 5083 aluminum alloy by powder metallurgy, which comprises the following steps:
1. 50g of 5083 aluminum alloy powder was taken and ball milling was performed in the same manner as in example 1.
2. The hot press sintering and hot forming processes were the same as in example 1.
Results of tensile properties test of 5083 aluminum alloy bars prepared in this comparative example (shown in fig. 4 (c) and table 1): the yield strength is 223MPa, the tensile strength is 360MPa, and the elongation reaches 6.5%. The specific strength of the material (ratio of tensile strength to material density) was 133MPa cm 3 And/g. The compression strength of the 5083 aluminum alloy bar prepared in the comparative example is 410MPa, and the compression plasticity is 30%.
Comparative example 3
The present implementation provides a Co content of 2.0 vol% 55 Zr 5 B 40 Nanoparticle reinforced aluminum-based composite material at 500 ℃ and the preparation process is as follows:
1. to prepare 10g Co 55 Zr 5 B 40 Nanoparticles at 500 ℃ are exemplified:
1.1Co 55 Zr 5 B 40 the nano amorphous alloy particles were prepared in the same process as in example 1.
1.2 Co is prepared 55 Zr 5 B 40 The nano amorphous alloy particles are subjected to heat treatment for 1 hour at 500 ℃ under the protection of argon gas to obtain Co which is completely crystallized 55 Zr 5 B 40 Nanoparticles at 500 ℃. Co obtained 55 Zr 5 B 40 The nano particles at the temperature of @500 ℃ are uniform in size and have the particle size of 20-100 nm.
2. To prepare 30g Co 55 Zr 5 B 40 Nanoparticle-reinforced aluminum-based composites at 500 ℃ are exemplified:
2.1 composite powder was 95.55g pure aluminum powder and 4.45g Co 55 Zr 5 B 40 Nanoparticles @500 ℃ were prepared using the same ball milling process as in example 1.
2.2 hot pressed sintering and thermoforming process the same as in example 1.
2.0vol.% Co prepared in this comparative example 3 55 Zr 5 B 40 Tensile properties of 500 ℃/aluminum-based composites were tested (fig. 4 (d) and shown in table 1), with a yield strength of 275MPa, a tensile strength of 333MPa, and a tensile plasticity of 3.7%.
Table 1 room temperature mechanical properties of the composite
The amorphous alloy has high strength and hardness, and can effectively strengthen aluminum and the alloy thereof as a reinforcement. Compared with ceramics, the interatomic bonding in the amorphous alloy is mainly metal bonds, so that the amorphous alloy and the matrix material have good wettability and stronger interface bonding force. Meanwhile, in the hot working process, the amorphous alloy and the matrix material can be mutually diffused at the phase interface, so that the binding force of the two-phase interface is further improved. In addition, compared with the conventional reinforcement with micron size, the nano-crystallization of the amorphous alloy greatly improves the specific surface area of the reinforcement, also greatly increases the specific gravity of the two-phase interface in the composite material, and further improves the reinforcement efficiency. By adding a small amount of nano amorphous alloy, the strengthening mechanism is also changed: the load reinforcement led by the micrometer reinforcement is converted into the coordination of fine crystal reinforcement of the matrix material and dispersion reinforcement of the nanometer reinforcement, so that the reinforcement and toughening of the material are promoted, and the strength of the material is obviously improved. The nano reinforcement can weaken stress concentration at the interface, and can maintain the plastic deformation capability of the matrix material to a certain extent while improving the strength. In addition, the nano amorphous alloy particles positioned at the grain boundary play a role in stabilizing the grain boundary, and the thermal stability of the material is remarkably improved.
Compared with the conventional amorphous alloy reinforced aluminum matrix composite material preparation process, the preparation process provided by the invention is more convenient and efficient, and greatly reduces the process time and cost. The conventional amorphous alloy reinforcement body needs to be subjected to a plurality of working procedures of smelting, casting, crushing and screening, and in order to pursue the amorphous forming capability, the used raw materials must have extremely high purity (more than or equal to 99.9 percent) and extremely severe smelting atmosphere (less than or equal to 1.5ppm of oxygen content); and the difficulty of crushing is increased due to the extremely high hardness of the amorphous alloy, and meanwhile, the size distribution range of crushed particles is very wide (1-100 mu m), so that the performance of the composite material is difficult to control accurately. The chemical reduction method for preparing the nano amorphous alloy particles has simple reaction conditions and short reaction process, can flexibly and controllably prepare the nano amorphous alloy particles with uniform size (20-100 nm) according to the dropping speed of the reducing agent and the concentration of the precursor solution. In the reaction process, except for obtaining the nano amorphous alloy with black precipitated phase, the generated byproducts are hydrogen and borate. Hydrogen belongs to green clean energy, and borate is widely applied to the fields of glass, detergents, fertilizers, enamel, ceramic glaze and the like. Thus, the recovery treatment of the by-products can also produce additional economic benefits.
In addition, compared with the traditional composite material hot processing technology, the nano amorphous alloy reinforced aluminum-based composite material preparation technology provided by the invention adopts lower sintering temperature and sintering time, and meets the time requirements of energy conservation and emission reduction. In the hot-pressing sintering process of the composite material, as the common ceramic reinforcement (silicon carbide, boron carbide, silicon oxide and the like) and the matrix are metallurgically bonded, the bonding force is weaker, and higher sintering temperature (more than or equal to 500 ℃) and sintering time (more than or equal to 1 h) are often required. In the composite material provided by the invention, metal-based nano amorphous alloy particles are used as reinforcements, and metal bonds with stronger binding force are formed between the metal-based nano amorphous alloy particles and a matrix material, so that the composite material can realize good compactness (more than or equal to 99%) at a lower sintering temperature (350-450 ℃) and a shorter sintering time (0.5-1 h).
It should be noted that, according to the similarity of iron, cobalt and nickel elements, the nano amorphous alloy reinforcement may also be a nickel-based amorphous alloy doped with zirconium or tungsten atoms. The aluminum-based composite material containing the low volume fraction reinforcement prepared by the nano amorphous alloy particles has excellent comprehensive performance, further highlights the characteristics of light weight and high strength of the aluminum-based composite material, and has good application prospects in the fields of aerospace, transportation and the like. The aluminum-based composite material reinforced by the nano amorphous alloy particles with high volume fraction plays the characteristics of high strength and high hardness of the amorphous alloy, and greatly improves the strength and hardness of the composite material. The invention expands the application field of amorphous alloy and provides a new way for developing and preparing composite materials.
The previous description of the embodiments is provided to facilitate a person of ordinary skill in the art in order to make and use the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be readily made to these embodiments and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and those skilled in the art, based on the present disclosure, should make improvements and modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The nano amorphous alloy particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material is characterized by comprising a reinforcement body and a matrix; the reinforcement is nano amorphous alloy particles, and the matrix is aluminum or aluminum alloy; in the composite material, the volume fraction of the reinforcement is 1-30%;
the size of the nano amorphous alloy particles is 20-100 nm;
the nano amorphous alloy particles are cobalt-based or iron-based or nickel-based nano amorphous alloy particles doped with atoms, wherein the atoms are zirconium atoms or tungsten atoms, and the doping amount of the atoms is 0-10%;
the atom doped cobalt-based or iron-based or nickel-based nano amorphous alloy particles are prepared by an oxidation-reduction method.
2. The nano-amorphous alloy particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite according to claim 1, wherein the nano-amorphous alloy particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite comprisesThe atom doped cobalt-based or iron-based or nickel-based nano amorphous alloy particles are selected from Co 60-x Zr x B 40 、Co 60-x W x B 40 、Fe 60-x Zr x B 40 、Fe 60-x W x B 40 、Ni 60-x Zr x B 40 、Ni 60-x W x B 40 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 10.
3. The nano amorphous alloy particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the preparation method of the atom doped cobalt-based or iron-based or nickel-based nano amorphous alloy particles comprises the following steps:
a1, preparing cobalt ion or ferrous ion or nickel ion aqueous solution, and then adding zirconium ion or tungstate ion aqueous solution to serve as precursor solution;
a2, preparing a borohydride aqueous solution, and regulating the pH value of the solution by ammonia water to serve as a reducing agent;
and A3, adding a reducing agent into the precursor solution in the ice bath environment to obtain the atom doped cobalt-based or iron-based nano amorphous alloy particles.
4. The nano-amorphous alloy particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite according to claim 3, wherein in step A1, the cobalt ion aqueous solution is cobalt chloride or cobalt nitrate aqueous solution, and the ferrous ion aqueous solution is ferrous sulfate, ferrous chloride or ferrous nitrate aqueous solution;
the zirconium ion aqueous solution is a zirconium sulfate aqueous solution, and the tungstate radical aqueous solution is a sodium tungstate aqueous solution;
in the precursor solution, the concentration of cations is 0.05-5 mol/L, and the proportion of zirconium ions or tungsten ions in the total amount of cations is 0-10%.
5. The nano amorphous alloy particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite according to claim 3, wherein in the step A2, the aqueous solution of borohydride is an aqueous solution of sodium borohydride or potassium borohydride, the concentration of borohydride is 0.1-10 mol/L, and the pH of the reducing agent is 10-12.
6. The nano amorphous alloy particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite according to claim 3, wherein in the step A3, the reducing agent is added dropwise into the precursor solution at a rate of 1 to 5mL/min.
7. A method for preparing the nano amorphous alloy particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
b1, mechanically ball milling nano amorphous alloy particles and powder of a matrix material in a protective atmosphere to obtain uniformly mixed composite material powder;
the mechanical ball milling means: ball milling rotation speed is 200-800 rpm/min, and ball milling time is 1-10 h;
and B2, carrying out hot-press sintering and/or thermal deformation processing on the composite material powder in a protective atmosphere to obtain the nano amorphous alloy particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material.
8. The method for preparing a nano amorphous alloy particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material according to claim 7, wherein in the step B1, the matrix material is spherical powder of aluminum or aluminum alloy, and the average particle size of the powder is 10-100 μm;
the mechanical ball milling process is a planetary ball milling method, wherein a process control agent is added in the process, and the process control agent is one or more selected from titanate, oleic acid, imidazoline or stearic acid;
in the steps B1 and B2, the protective atmosphere includes at least one of argon and nitrogen.
9. The method for preparing the nano amorphous alloy particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite according to claim 7 or 8, wherein in the step B2, any one of spark ion beam sintering and hot isostatic pressing sintering is adopted for the hot press sintering; the sintering temperature is higher than the decomposition temperature of the process control agent but lower than the crystallization temperature of the nano amorphous alloy;
the heat deformation processing comprises one or more of hot forging, hot rolling or hot extrusion, and the adopted experimental temperature is higher than the recovery temperature of the matrix material but lower than the crystallization temperature of the nano amorphous alloy.
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