CN115589939A - Breeding method of silage corn male parent - Google Patents
Breeding method of silage corn male parent Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract
The invention is suitable for the technical field of crop breeding, and provides a method for breeding a silage corn male parent, which comprises the following steps: selecting tropical germplasm and Lankaster germplasm for hybridization to form a plurality of hybrid populations, and naturally mixing powder to form a basic improved population S0; performing high-density planting identification and screening on the S0 according to the ear rows, and selecting the fruit ears to perform selfing according to a pedigree method to form S3; taking part of S3 seeds and a Reid group representative line as standard test seeds to be hybridized to generate TC1, carrying out multipoint multi-row area planting on TC1 and S3 in the next year, carrying out comprehensive character identification, and selecting S3 panicle rows corresponding to dominant TC 1; s3, natural pollen mixing and pollination are carried out on the ear rows to form CC1; forming DH1 from CC1 by using haploid induction technology; taking DH1 as a female parent and a Reid group representative line as a male parent, hybridizing to form TC2, repeatedly planting in a multi-point and multi-row area, carrying out comprehensive character identification, and selecting an inbred line corresponding to the dominant TC2 hybridization combination. The method aims to breed Chinese high-quality, high-yield, early-maturing, density-resistant and lodging-resistant silage corn male parent germplasm.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of crop breeding, and particularly relates to a method for breeding a male parent of silage corn.
Background
The silage corn is the corn which is suitable for the harvest period and is prepared into silage through a fermentation method after cutting and processing all corn plants including corn ears, and the silage corn is developed vigorously, so that the regulation of agricultural planting structures in China is facilitated, and the organic integration of grain production, livestock feeding and economic development is realized. The development of Chinese silage corn is still in the primary stage, the recognition level of silage corn varieties is low, and the following problems exist in the breeding of the silage corn varieties in China: (1) Common corn varieties with high biomass are used as silage for planting, so that the yield and quality are uneven; (2) The special silage maize directly utilizes tropical subtropical zone or P group germplasm as one of parents, the plant has large height and long growth period, the water content in the harvest period is high, and the seed production also has problems; (3) The temperate corn is introduced into the tropical germplasm silage parent for breeding, the diversity of the selfing segregation progeny is rich, the growth period difference is large, and the polymerization is favorable for gene pollination operation, so that the problem is large; (4) The silage maize has deficient excellent germplasm resources, the silage germplasm mainly comprises 78599 improved germplasm, luda red bone improved germplasm, reid improved germplasm, high-oil group improved germplasm, suwan improved germplasm, mexico improved germplasm and the like, and the silage maize has deficient excellent germplasm resources.
The maize germplasm resource is the basis for cultivating high-yield, high-quality and multi-resistance silage maize, the tropical germplasm has richer genetic diversity, and the maize germplasm contains gene resources which are not possessed by isothermal zone maize with high-quality silage quality, disease resistance, stress resistance and good green keeping performance, but the maize containing tropical blood margin has cross-latitude photoperiod reaction, and the maize directly used in the temperate zone often shows inappropriateness of abnormal spinning, incoordination between male and female, low yield and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a method for breeding a male parent of silage corn, and aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
The embodiment of the invention is realized in such a way that a method for breeding a silage corn male parent comprises the following steps:
selecting tropical germplasm with excellent silage quality and lanchester germplasm for hybridization to form a multi-hybrid population, and naturally mixing powder of the multi-hybrid population to form a basic improved population S0;
performing high-density planting, identifying and screening on the S0 according to ear rows, and selecting clusters to perform selfing according to a pedigree method to form an improved orchid-Cassia colony S3;
numbering S3 according to panicle rows, taking part of seeds and a Reid group representative line as standard test seeds to hybridize to generate TC1, planting the TC1 and S3 in a multipoint and multi-row area in the second year, carrying out comprehensive character identification by taking late-maturing corn KWS2564 in Xinjiang as a reference, and selecting S3 panicle rows corresponding to dominant TC 1;
planting an S3 ear row family superior to a control, and naturally mixing and pollinating S3 ear rows to form a compound hybrid corn group CC1;
forming a DH1 group by CC1 according to the panicle row by using a haploid induction technology;
taking DH1 as a female parent and a representative line of a Reid group as a male parent standard test seed, hybridizing to form a testing and matching group TC2, taking late-maturing corn KWS2564 in Xinjiang as a control of the testing and matching group TC2, repeatedly planting in a multi-point multi-row area, carrying out comprehensive character identification, and selecting a selfing line corresponding to the dominant TC2 hybridization combination.
Preferably, the step of selecting the tropical germplasm with excellent silage quality and hybridizing the tropical germplasm with the lanchester germplasm to form a multi-hybrid population, and the step of naturally mixing the multi-hybrid population to form the basic improved population S0 specifically comprises the following steps:
selecting leucocyte germplasm and lanchester germplasm to perform biserial hybridization to form a multi-hybrid population MPH, planting in rows in an MPH isolation region, performing free pollination, removing all tassels 83 days after seedling emergence, and mixing pollen for 2 generations to generate a basic improved population S0;
preferably, the opal species is selected from one or more of CML206, CML96, CML84, and CML 312.
Preferably, the lucenster germplasm is selected from one or more of PH4CV, mo17, LH51 and NS 701.
Specifically, the leucocyte is selected from two of CML206, CML96, CML84, and CML 312;
the Lancasset germplasm is selected from two of PH4CV, mo17, LH51 and NS 701.
Preferably, the step of selecting the ears to self-breed into the improved orchid-Ka group S3 according to the high-density planting identification and screening of the S0 in ear rows and the pedigree method, wherein the high density is 120000 plants/hm 2 。
Preferably, in the step of selecting the ears to form the improved orchid population S3 by high-density planting, identifying and screening according to ear rows and selfing the selected ears according to a pedigree method, the standard of selecting the ears is to shred the selected individual plants in the ear rows before 83 days after emergence of seedlings, the interval of pollen scattering and shredding is less than 5 days, and the number of individual plant seeds in the ear rows is more than 200.
Preferably, the step of numbering S3 according to ear rows, taking part of seeds and a Reid group representative line as a standard test seed to hybridize to generate TC1, and the step of hybridizing and assembling to form a test and mating group TC2 by taking DH1 as a female parent and the Reid group representative line as a male parent, specifically comprises the following steps:
preferably, planting S3 or DH1 into ear-forming behavior female parent, planting Ruider group representative line test seeds at intervals between S3 or DH1 ear rows as male parent, planting Ruider group representative line test seeds in different periods, sowing female parent 5 days later at 1 period, sowing female parent 10-13 days later at 2 period, drawing bud and emasculating before female parent emasculation period, and harvesting female parent according to ear rows to form test seeds TC1 or TC2 after natural pollination;
specifically, the female parent is grown for 10m, and the test seeds are planted at intervals of 2 m.
Preferably, the criteria for comprehensive trait identification are:
the silage quality is excellent: when 1/2 of the grain milk line is harvested, the content of starch and dry matter is more than or equal to 30 percent, the content of crude protein is more than or equal to 7.0 percent, the content of neutral detergent fiber is less than or equal to 45 percent, the content of crude fiber is less than or equal to 25.0 percent, the digestibility of stems and leaves is higher, and grains are in horse-tooth shape and half horse-tooth shape and powdery shape;
the yield is high: fresh weight of whole silage plant is more than or equal to 90000 kg/hm 2 The dry matter output is more than or equal to 26000 kg/hm 2 Silage yield 25% over control KWS2564 variety;
and (3) a ripening period: within 10-15 days later than the KWS2564 contrast late maturity in Xinjiang, the seeds are dehydrated slowly;
and (3) density resistance: planting density 90000 plants/hm 2 Above, no empty stalk exists;
disease resistance: the stem rot and the ear rot reach the above resistant level;
lodging resistance: the lodging rate and the lodging rate are lower than 5 percent.
Preferably, the step of planting the S3 ear row family superior to the control and naturally pollinating the S3 ear row with mixed powder to form the compound hybrid corn population CC1 specifically comprises the following steps:
planting in an S3 isolation area corresponding to selected TC1 as a female parent, and planting a father line mixed with powder at intervals in each line, wherein the bud is touched to perform castration before the castration period of the S3 female parent line, all male ears are removed 83 days after the seedling emergence of the father line, and only the fruitears bearing the fruit of the mother line are harvested to form an ear line as CC1;
specifically, the length of the female parent row is 20m, and each S3 of the male parent row is 2m, which is 20m in total.
Preferably, the repeated planting in the multi-point and multi-row area is that the repeated planting is carried out twice in a 2-row and 5-meter area at 5 test points of Xinjiang Shihe, xinjiang Yili, xinjiang Bore, xinjiang Tacheng and Xinjiang Qitai, wherein the test points are completely randomized in a block design.
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for breeding a silage corn male parent, which aims to meet the requirements of the development of the animal husbandry in China and solve the problems of poor quality, long growth period, poor lodging resistance and the like of most silage corn inbred lines in China at present.
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FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for breeding a silage corn male parent provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
A silage corn male parent breeding method comprises the following steps:
(1) Selecting excellent silage quality tropical germplasm (one or more of CML206, CML96, CML84 and CML 312) of the international wheat and corn improvement center Chinese cabbage germplasm, performing double-row hybridization with American Lankast seed high yield combining ability germplasm (one or more of PH4CV, mo17, LH51 and NS 701) to form a multi-hybrid population MPH, planting in rows in an MPH isolation region, performing free pollination, removing tassels of all materials after seedling emergence for 83 days, and performing 2-generation pollen mixing to generate a basic improved population S0;
(2) S0, identifying and screening according to high-density planting of spike rows, wherein the high density is 120000 plants/hm 2 Selecting fruit clusters which can normally spin and mature, meet in male and female flowering periods, have high maturing rate and good comprehensive resistance (specifically, the fruit clusters are spun before 83 days after the selected individual plants in the cluster are emerged, the interval of the powder scattering and the spinning is less than 5 days, and the number of the individual plant seeds in the cluster is more than 200) and selfing for 3 generations according to a pedigree method to respectively form 200 improved orchid-kava clusters S1-S3;
(3) Numbering S3 according to panicle lines, taking part of seeds and a Reid representative inbred line as standard test seeds to hybridize to generate TC1, carrying out multipoint and multi-row region planting on the TC1 and the S3 in the second year, carrying out comprehensive character identification on silage quality, yield, density resistance, lodging resistance, maturity stage and disease resistance by taking late-maturing corn KWS2564 in Xinjiang as a reference, and taking 10S 3 superior to the reference as selected panicle lines; the identification standard is as follows:
the quality of silage is excellent: when 1/2 of the grain milk line is harvested, the content of starch and dry matter is more than or equal to 30 percent, the content of crude protein is more than or equal to 7.0 percent, the content of neutral detergent fiber is less than or equal to 45 percent, the content of crude fiber is less than or equal to 25.0 percent, the digestibility of stems and leaves is higher, and grains are in horse-tooth shape and half horse-tooth shape and powdery shape;
the yield is high: fresh weight of whole silage plant is more than or equal to 90000 kg/hm 2 The dry matter yield is more than or equal to 26000 kg/hm 2 Silage yield 25% over control KWS2564 variety;
and (3) a ripening period: within 10-15 days later than the KWS2564 contrast late maturity in Xinjiang, the seeds are dehydrated slowly;
and (3) density resistance: planting density of 90000 plants/hm 2 Above, no empty stalk exists;
disease resistance: the stem rot and the ear rot reach the above resistant level;
lodging resistance: the lodging rate and the folding rate are lower than 5 percent;
(4) Planting 1 row (female parent) in an S3 isolation area corresponding to 10 TC1 selected in the step (3), wherein the row length is 20m, and every row is planted with a pollen-mixed male parent row at intervals (each S3 of the male parent row is 2m long and is 20m in total), wherein the S3 female parent row is subjected to bud touching and stammering, male ears of all materials are removed 83 days after the male parent row seedlings emerge, and only the fruitears which are fruited by the female parent row are harvested to form ear rows during harvesting, so that 10 compound hybrid corn groups CC1 are formed;
(5) CC1 forms a DH1 population by utilizing a haploid induction technology according to the panicle row;
(6) Taking DH1 as a female parent and a Reid representative inbred line as a male parent standard test seed, hybridizing to form a testing and matching population TC2, repeatedly planting the testing and matching population TC2 in a multi-point multi-row area by taking late-maturing corn KWS2564 in Xinjiang as a control, carrying out comprehensive character identification on the whole silage quality, yield, density tolerance, lodging resistance, maturity stage and disease resistance, and selecting an inbred line corresponding to the dominant TC2 hybridization combination; the identification standard is as follows:
the quality of silage is excellent: when 1/2 of the grain milk line is harvested, the starch and dry matter content is more than or equal to 30 percent, the crude protein is more than or equal to 7.0 percent, the neutral detergent fiber is less than or equal to 45 percent, the crude fiber is less than or equal to 25.0 percent, the stem and leaf digestibility is higher, and the grains are in horse-tooth shape and half horse-tooth shape powdery shape;
the yield is high: fresh weight of whole silage plant is more than or equal to 90000 kg/hm 2 The dry matter yield is more than or equal to 26000 kg/hm 2 Silage yield 25% over control KWS2564 variety;
and (3) a ripening period: within 10-15 days later than the KWS2564 contrast late maturity in Xinjiang, the seeds are dehydrated slowly;
and (3) density resistance: planting density 90000 Strain/hm 2 Above, no empty stalk exists;
disease resistance: the stem rot and the ear rot reach the above resistant level;
lodging resistance: the lodging rate and the folding rate are lower than 5 percent;
the orchids of the variety related in this embodiment preferably have high grain yield combining ability inbred lines, wherein the inbred lines are known orchards, such as PH4CV, mo17, NK764, LH51 and NS701, and the high-quality silage qualities CML206, CML96, CML84 and CML312 are tropical Chinese white germplasm, and a person skilled in the art can introduce the inbred lines from breeding units or germplasm libraries of various varieties.
Specific implementations of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
Example 1
(1) In 2016, in Hainan, selecting a Lam Ka inbred line (PH 4CV and Mo 17) and CIMMYT Mui white germplasm (CML 206 and CML 96) to perform biserial hybridization to form a multi-hybrid population of (PH 4CV xCML 206, mo17 xCML 206, LH51 xCML 206, PH4CV xCML 96, mo17 xCML 96 and LH51 xCML 96) F1, planting the multi-hybrid population in an isolation region in Xinjiang Shihe and Hainan in 2017 in spring and 2017 in winter, and performing free pollination to form an improved basic population of 100 fruit ears S0;
(2) In the spring of 2018, the winter of 2018 and the spring of 2019, the improved basic population S0 is selfed for 3 generations according to a spike-row continuous pedigree method, and the number of the improved basic population S0 is 120000 plants/hm 2 Selecting lines at high density to form 200S 3 ear-to-ear lines, wherein the standard in the ear-to-ear breeding process is silking 83 days after seedling emergence, the interval of the silking of the loose powder is less than 5 days, and the number of seeds of a single plant in the ear-to-ear line is more than 200;
(3) Planting in 2019 winter in a Hainan isolation area, planting the isolation area at a distance of more than 400m from surrounding corns, the line length of 10m and the line width of 0.6m, planting 200S 3 panicles and a Reid series standard test seed PH6WC at intervals, sowing in the standard test in the 2-stage (sowing 5 days later than the S3 panicle in the first stage and 10 days later than the second stage), touching buds before the S3 panicle emasculation stage, selecting S3 with the number of seeds more than 1000 for testing and matching TC1 after natural pollination, and identifying the planting in the next year;
(4) In spring 2020, the test and matched population and the S3 ear rows are planted in Xinjiang stone river and XinjiangCarrying out phenotype identification on testing and matching populations at 3 points in Yili and Xinjiang singular test plots, designing random block groups of the testing and matching populations, and 2 repeating 2 rows of region planting; the selection criteria for inclusion of TC1 were: when 1/2 of the grain milk line is harvested, the content of starch and dry matter is more than or equal to 30 percent, the content of crude protein is more than or equal to 7.0 percent, the content of neutral detergent fiber is less than or equal to 45 percent, the content of crude fiber is less than or equal to 25.0 percent, the digestibility of stems and leaves is higher, and grains are in horse-tooth shape and half horse-tooth shape and powdery shape; fresh weight of whole silage plant is more than or equal to 90000 kg/hm 2 The dry matter yield is more than or equal to 26000 kg/hm 2 The silage yield exceeds 25 percent of the Xinjiang middle late-maturing contrast KWS2564 variety; is older than 15 days than KWS 2564; planting density 90000 plants/hm 2 The above; the stem rot and the ear rot reach the above resistant level; the lodging rate is lower than 5 percent; and (4) selecting an S3 ear row selection standard: the spinning period is within 10 days later than that of the control KWS2564, and the interval between the loose powder and the spinning is within 5 days; the single spike seed setting rate is more than 100 grains; the lodging rate is lower than 5 percent; selecting 10S 3 ear rows and corresponding TC1 testing and matching combinations;
(5) Planting in the third isolation area of Hainan in 2020 winter, wherein the distance between the isolation area and surrounding corns is more than 400m, planting 10 selected TC1 test-matching corresponding S3 ear rows at intervals of 20m in row length, planting 10 selected S3 in the interval rows, planting 2m in each S3, and freely pollinating in the isolation area to form a corn composite group CC1;
(6) In summer in 2021, sending a corn compound population CC1 to a test center of a Ganling Dongshi corn variety to perform haploid induction to form 600 double haploid DH1;
(7) Planting in a Hainan isolation area in 2021 winter, wherein the distance between the isolation area and peripheral corns is more than 400m, the line length is 3m, and the line width is 0.6m, planting 600 DH1 and a Reid system standard test seed PH6WC at intervals in an interlaced mode, sowing in a standard test seed-2 stage (sowing 5 days later than a DH1 ear row in the first stage, and 10 days later than the second stage), touching buds before a DH1 ear row emasculation stage, performing natural pollination, selecting DH1 with the number of seeds more than 1000, and testing and matching TC2, and performing planting identification in the next year;
(8) In spring 2022, planting the testing and matching population TC2 in 5 test points of Xinjiang Shihe, xinjiang Yili, xinjiang Bore, xinjiang Tacheng and Xinjiang Qitai, designing a completely random block group, and repeatedly planting in 2 rows for two times; the inclusion TC2 screening criteria were: grain milk noodle1/2 of the harvest time, the content of starch and dry matter is more than or equal to 30 percent, the content of crude protein is more than or equal to 7.0 percent, the neutral detergent fiber is less than or equal to 45 percent, the crude fiber is less than or equal to 25.0 percent, the digestibility of stems and leaves is higher, and the malted and half-malted powder types of grains are obtained; fresh weight of whole silage plant is more than or equal to 90000 kg/hm 2 The dry matter output is more than or equal to 26000 kg/hm 2 The silage yield exceeds 25% of the late maturing control KWS2564 variety in Xinjiang; is within 15 days of late maturity compared with the late maturity in Xinjiang and KWS 2564; planting density of 90000 plants/hm 2 The above; the stem rot and the ear rot reach the above resistant level; the lodging rate is lower than 5 percent;
excellent blue card imported tropical bloody margin silage corn male parent germplasm is screened by the breeding method, and the selected DH lines 'KY 21127' and 'KY 21362' are high-quality and high-yield blue-karst germplasm imported into tropical bloody margins;
the screened inbred line 'KY 21127' has a growth period 8 days later than that of local medium and late maturing corn KWS2564 male parent KW7M031, semi-compact plant type, about 19 leaves of a whole plant, dark green leaves, thick and tough stems, relatively large plant, good lodging resistance, 7.95-8.05% of crude protein content of the whole plant, 29.98-31.51% of starch content, 42.53-44.20% of neutral detergent fiber content, and high dry matter yield and combining ability;
compared with local medium-late-maturing corn KWS2564 male parent KW7M031, the screened inbred line 'KY 21362' has the advantages that the growth period is 10 days later, the plant type is semi-compact, the leaves are dark green, the green-keeping property in the maturation period is good, the height of an adult plant is 213cm, the ear position is 118cm, about 20 leaves of a whole plant are thick and tough, the lodging resistance is good, the crude protein content of the whole plant is 8.31%, the starch content is 30.17%, the neutral detergent fiber content is 44.39%, and the dry matter yield and the dry matter combining ability are high.
Example 2
(1) In spring of the first year, selecting a orchid-kava inbred line (LH 51 and NS 701) and CIMMYT black-and-white germplasm (CML 84, CML 312R) in Xinjiang for double-row hybridization to form a multi-hybrid population (LH 51 multiplied by CML84, NS701 multiplied by CML84, LH51 multiplied by CML312R, NS701 multiplied by CML 312R) F1, planting the multi-hybrid population in the isolation region in Hainan in winter of the first year, and freely mixing and pollinating powder to form 100 fruit ears S0 of an improved basic population;
(2) The spring of the second year, the winter of the second year and the spring of the third year will be improvedSelfing the basic population S0 for 3 generations according to a spike-row continuous pedigree method at 120000 plants/hm 2 Selecting lines at high density to form 200S 3 ear-to-ear lines, wherein the standard in the ear-to-ear line breeding process is silking before 83 days after seedling emergence, the interval of the silking of the loose powder is less than 5 days, and the number of seeds of a single plant in the ear-to-ear line is more than 200;
(3) In the third winter, planting in an isolation area of Hainan, wherein the isolation area is more than 400m away from surrounding corns, the line length is 10m, and the line width is 0.6m, planting 200S 3 ear rows and a Reid series standard test seed PH6WC at intervals in an interlaced manner, sowing in the standard test in the 2-stage (sowing in 5 days later than the S3 ear rows in the first stage, and sowing in 12 days later than the second stage), touching buds before the S3 ear row emasculation stage, performing natural pollination, selecting S3 with the number of seeds more than 1000, and testing and matching TC1, and performing planting identification in the next year;
(4) In spring of the fourth year, planting the testing population and the S3 ears in 3 points of a test site of Xinjiang stone river, xinjiang Yili and Xinjiang miracle to carry out the phenotype identification of the testing population, designing the random block group of the testing population and planting the 2 repeated 2 rows; the selection criteria for inclusion of TC1 were: when 1/2 of the grain milk line is harvested, the content of starch and dry matter is more than or equal to 30 percent, the content of crude protein is more than or equal to 7.0 percent, the content of neutral detergent fiber is less than or equal to 45 percent, the content of crude fiber is less than or equal to 25.0 percent, the digestibility of stems and leaves is higher, and grains are in horse-tooth shape and half horse-tooth shape and powdery shape; fresh weight of whole silage plant is more than or equal to 90000 kg/hm 2 The dry matter yield is more than or equal to 26000 kg/hm 2 The silage yield exceeds 25% of the late maturing control KWS2564 variety in Xinjiang; is within 15 days of late maturity compared with the late maturity in Xinjiang and KWS 2564; planting density 90000 plants/hm 2 The above; the stem rot and the ear rot reach the above resistant level; the lodging rate is lower than 5 percent; and (4) selecting an S3 ear row selection standard: the spinning period is within 10 days later than that of KWS2564, and the interval between the loose powder and the spinning is within 5 days; the single spike seed setting rate is more than 100 grains; the lodging rate is lower than 5 percent; selecting 10S 3 ear rows and corresponding TC1 testing and matching combinations;
(5) In the fourth year, planting in a third isolation area in Hainan, wherein the distance between the isolation area and surrounding corns is more than 400m, planting 10S 3 ear rows corresponding to selected TC1 measuring and matching combinations at intervals according to the ear rows, the row length is 20m, planting 10 selected S3 in the interval rows, planting 2m in each S3, and freely pollinating in the isolation area to form a corn composite group CC1;
(6) In summer of the fifth year, the corn compound population CC1 is sent to a test center of Dongjiang corn varieties of Tieling to carry out haploid induction, and 600 double haploids DH1 are formed;
(7) In the fifth winter, planting in a Hainan isolation area, wherein the distance between the isolation area and surrounding corns is more than 400m, the line length is 3m, and the line width is 0.6m, planting 600 DH1 and a Reid system standard test seed PH6WC at intervals in an interlaced mode, sowing in a standard test seed-2 stage (sowing 5 days later than the DH1 spike row in the first stage, and 12 days later than the second stage), touching buds before the heading stage of the DH1 spike row, and selecting DH1 with the number of seeds more than 1000 for testing and matching TC2 after natural pollination, and planting and identifying in the next year;
(8) In the spring of the sixth year, the testing and matching population TC2 is planted in 5 test points of Xinjiang stone river, xinjiang Yili, xinjiang Borue, xinjiang Tacheng and Xinjiang miraculous stage, completely random block design is carried out, and 2 rows of test points are repeatedly planted for two times; the inclusion TC2 screening criteria were: when 1/2 of the grain milk line is harvested, the content of starch and dry matter is more than or equal to 30 percent, the content of crude protein is more than or equal to 7.0 percent, the content of neutral detergent fiber is less than or equal to 45 percent, the content of crude fiber is less than or equal to 25.0 percent, the digestibility of stems and leaves is higher, and grains are in horse-tooth shape and half horse-tooth shape and powdery shape; fresh weight of whole silage plant is more than or equal to 90000 kg/hm 2 The dry matter output is more than or equal to 26000 kg/hm 2 Silage yield 25% over control KWS2564 variety; is within 15 days of late maturity compared with the late maturity in Xinjiang and KWS 2564; planting density of 90000 plants/hm 2 The above; the stem rot and the ear rot reach the above resistant level; the lodging rate is lower than 5%, and the inbred line corresponding to the dominant TC2 hybrid combination is selected to obtain the high-quality and high-yield Lankaster germplasm introduced into the tropical blood margin.
Example 3
(1) In spring of the first year, selecting a brocade inbred line (PH 4CV and LH 51) and CIMMYT Chinese white germplasm (CML 206 and CML 84) in Xinjiang to perform double-row hybridization to form a multi-hybrid population (PH 4CV multiplied by CML206, PH4CV multiplied by CML84, LH51 multiplied by CML206 and LH51 multiplied by CML 84) F1, planting the multi-hybrid population in an isolation area in Hainan in winter of the first year, and performing free pollination by mixing powder to form 100 fruit clusters S0 of an improved basic population;
(2) Selfing the improved basic population S0 for 3 generations in spring of the second year, winter of the second year and spring of the third year according to a spike-row continuous pedigree method120000 strains/hm 2 Selecting lines at high density to form 200S 3 ear-to-ear line lines, wherein the standard in the ear-to-ear line breeding process is that silks are produced 83 days after seedling emergence, the interval between the loose powder and the silks is less than 5 days, and the number of seeds of a single plant in the ear-to-ear line is more than 200;
(3) In winter in the third year, planting in an isolation area, wherein the distance between the isolation area and the surrounding corns is more than 400m, the line length is 10m, the line width is 0.6m, planting is carried out on 200S 3 ear rows and a Reid system standard test seed PH6WC at intervals in an interlaced manner, the standard test seed is sowed in the 2-stage (the first stage is sowed 5 days later than the S3 ear rows, and the second stage is sowed 13 days later), the bud is drawn before the S3 ear row stampings stage, after natural pollination, the S3 with the number of seeds more than 1000 is selected to be matched with TC1 for testing and identifying the planting in the next year;
(4) In spring of the fourth year, planting the testing population and the S3 ear rows to 3 test sites of Yili, bole and Tacheng of Xinjiang to carry out the phenotype identification of the testing population, designing the random block group of the testing population and planting the 2-row repeated region; the selection criteria for inclusion of TC1 were: when 1/2 of the grain milk line is harvested, the content of starch and dry matter is more than or equal to 30 percent, the content of crude protein is more than or equal to 7.0 percent, the content of neutral detergent fiber is less than or equal to 45 percent, the content of crude fiber is less than or equal to 25.0 percent, the digestibility of stems and leaves is higher, and grains are in horse-tooth shape and half horse-tooth shape and powdery shape; fresh weight of whole silage plant is more than or equal to 90000 kg/hm 2 The dry matter yield is more than or equal to 26000 kg/hm 2 The silage yield exceeds 25% of the late maturing control KWS2564 variety in Xinjiang; is within 15 days of late maturity compared with the late maturity in Xinjiang and KWS 2564; planting density 90000 plants/hm 2 The above; the stem rot and the ear rot reach the above resistant level; the lodging rate is lower than 5 percent; and (4) selecting an S3 ear row selection standard: the spinning period is within 10 days later than that of the control KWS2564, and the interval between the loose powder and the spinning is within 5 days; the single spike seed setting rate is more than 100 grains; the lodging rate is lower than 5 percent; selecting 10S 3 ear rows and corresponding TC1 testing and matching combinations;
(5) In the fourth winter, planting in an isolation area, wherein the isolation area is more than 400m away from surrounding corns, planting 10 selected TC1 scion rows corresponding to the test and matching combination at intervals of the scion rows, the row length is 20m, planting 10 selected S3 in the interval rows, planting 2m in each S3, and freely pollinating in the isolation area to form a corn composite population CC1;
(6) In summer of the fifth year, haploid induction is carried out on the corn compound population CC1 to form 600 double haploid DH1;
(7) In the fifth winter, planting in an isolation area, wherein the distance between the isolation area and the peripheral corn is more than 400m, the line length is 3m, the line width is 0.6m, planting 600 pieces of DH1 and a Reid system standard test seed PH6WC at intervals in an interlaced manner, sowing in the standard test seed stage 2 (sowing 5 days later than the DH1 ear row in one stage, sowing 15 days later in the second stage), carrying out bud picking and stamina picking before the stamina picking stage of the DH1 ear row, selecting DH1 with the number of seeds more than 1000 after natural pollination, testing and allocating TC2, and carrying out planting identification in the next year;
(8) In spring of the sixth year, the testing and matching population TC2 is planted in 5 test points of Xinjiang Shihe, xinjiang Yili, xinjiang Bore, xinjiang Tacheng and Xinjiang Qitai, completely randomized block design is carried out, and 2 rows of test points are repeatedly planted for two times; the selection TC2 screening standard is as follows: when 1/2 of the grain milk line is harvested, the content of starch and dry matter is more than or equal to 30 percent, the content of crude protein is more than or equal to 7.0 percent, the content of neutral detergent fiber is less than or equal to 45 percent, the content of crude fiber is less than or equal to 25.0 percent, the digestibility of stems and leaves is higher, and grains are in horse-tooth shape and half horse-tooth shape and powdery shape; fresh weight of whole silage plant is more than or equal to 90000 kg/hm 2 The dry matter yield is more than or equal to 26000 kg/hm 2 Silage yield 25% over control KWS2564 variety; is older than 15 days than KWS 2564; planting density 90000 plants/hm 2 The above; the stem rot and the ear rot reach the above resistant level; the lodging rate is lower than 5%, and the inbred line corresponding to the dominant TC2 hybrid combination is selected to obtain the high-quality and high-yield Lancaster germplasm introduced into tropical blood margin.
Example 4
(1) In spring of the first year, selecting a brocade inbred line (PH 4CV and NS 701) and CIMMYT black germplasm (CML 206 and CML 312) in Xinjiang to perform double-row hybridization to form a multi-hybrid population (PH 4CV multiplied by CML206, PH4CV multiplied by CML312, NS701 multiplied by CML206, NS701 multiplied by CML 312) F1, planting the multi-hybrid population in an isolation area in Hainan in winter of the first year, and performing free pollination by mixing powder to form 100 fruit ears S0 of an improved basic population;
(2) Selfing the improved basic population S0 for 3 generations in spring of the second year, winter of the second year and spring of the third year according to a spike-row continuous pedigree method at 120000 strains/hm 2 Selecting lines at high density to form 200S 3 panicle lines, and selecting the panicle lines according to the standard in the process of selecting the panicle linesThe standard in the process is that silking is carried out 83 days after seedling emergence, the interval of the loose powder silking is less than 5 days, and the number of single plant seeds in the ear rows is more than 200;
(3) In the third winter, planting in an isolation area, wherein the distance between the isolation area and the surrounding corn is more than 400m, the line length is 10m, the line width is 0.6m, planting is carried out on 200S 3 ear lines and a Ruidel system standard test seed PH6WC at intervals in an interlaced manner, the standard test seed is sowed in the stage 2 (the sowing is carried out 5 days later than the S3 ear lines in the first stage, the sowing is carried out 10 days later in the second stage), the bud is touched to extract the male before the S3 ear line extraction period, after natural pollination, the S3 with the number of seeds more than 1000 is selected to be matched with TC1 for testing, and the planting in the next year is identified;
(4) In spring of the fourth year, planting the testing population and the S3 ears to Xinjiang stone river, xinjiang Tacheng and Xinjiang miraculous test areas at 3 points to carry out testing population phenotype identification, designing the testing population random block group, and planting the 2 repeated 2 rows; the selection criteria for inclusion of TC1 were: when 1/2 of the grain milk line is harvested, the content of starch and dry matter is more than or equal to 30 percent, the content of crude protein is more than or equal to 7.0 percent, the content of neutral detergent fiber is less than or equal to 45 percent, the content of crude fiber is less than or equal to 25.0 percent, the digestibility of stems and leaves is higher, and grains are in horse-tooth shape and half horse-tooth shape and powdery shape; fresh weight of whole silage plant is more than or equal to 90000 kg/hm 2 The dry matter yield is more than or equal to 26000 kg/hm 2 The silage yield exceeds 25% of the late maturing control KWS2564 variety in Xinjiang; is older than 15 days than KWS 2564; planting density 90000 plants/hm 2 The above; the stem rot and the ear rot reach the above resistant level; the lodging rate is lower than 5 percent; and (4) selecting an S3 ear row selection standard: the spinning period is within 10 days later than that of the control KWS2564, and the interval between the loose powder and the spinning is within 5 days; the single spike seed setting rate is more than 100 grains; the lodging rate is lower than 5 percent; selecting 10S 3 ear rows and corresponding TC1 testing and matching combinations;
(5) In the fourth winter, planting in an isolation area, wherein the isolation area is more than 400m away from surrounding corns, planting 10 selected TC1 scion rows corresponding to the test and matching combination in the S3 at intervals according to the scion rows, wherein the row length is 20m, planting 10 selected S3 in the interval rows, planting 2m in each S3, and freely pollinating in the isolation area to form a corn composite population CC1;
(6) In summer of the fifth year, haploid induction is carried out on the corn compound population CC1 to form 600 double haploid DH1;
(7) In the fifth winter, planting in an isolation area, wherein the distance between the isolation area and the surrounding corn is more than 400m, the line length is 3m, and the line width is 0.6m, planting 600 pieces of DH1 and a Reid series standard test seed PH6WC at intervals in an interlaced mode, sowing in the standard test seed 2 stage (sowing 5 days later than the DH1 ear row in the first stage, sowing 10 days later in the second stage), carrying out male drawing by touching the buds before the heading stage of the DH1 ear row, selecting DH1 with the number of seeds of more than 1000 for measuring and matching TC2 after natural pollination, and carrying out planting identification in the next year;
(8) In the spring of the sixth year, the testing and matching population TC2 is planted in 5 test points of Xinjiang stone river, xinjiang Yili, xinjiang Borue, xinjiang Tacheng and Xinjiang miraculous stage, completely random block design is carried out, and 2 rows of test points are repeatedly planted for two times; the selection TC2 screening standard is as follows: when 1/2 of the grain milk line is harvested, the starch and dry matter content is more than or equal to 30 percent, the crude protein is more than or equal to 7.0 percent, the neutral detergent fiber is less than or equal to 45 percent, the crude fiber is less than or equal to 25.0 percent, the stem and leaf digestibility is higher, and the grains are in horse-tooth shape and half horse-tooth shape powdery shape; fresh weight of whole silage plant is more than or equal to 90000 kg/hm 2 The dry matter yield is more than or equal to 26000 kg/hm 2 Silage yield 25% over control KWS2564 variety; is within 15 days of late maturity compared with the late maturity in Xinjiang and KWS 2564; planting density of 90000 plants/hm 2 The above; the stem rot and the ear rot reach the above resistant level; the lodging rate is lower than 5%, and the inbred line corresponding to the dominant TC2 hybrid combination is selected to obtain the high-quality and high-yield Lankaster germplasm introduced into the tropical blood margin.
The above description is intended to be illustrative of the preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention, but rather, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A silage corn male parent breeding method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
selecting tropical germplasm with excellent silage quality and Lankaster germplasm for hybridization to form a multi-hybrid population, and naturally mixing powder of the multi-hybrid population to form a basic improved population S0;
performing high-density planting identification and screening on the S0 according to ear rows, and selecting fruit ears to perform selfing according to a pedigree method to form an improved orchid-Ka group S3;
numbering S3 according to panicle rows, taking part of seeds and a Reid group representative line as standard test seeds to hybridize to generate TC1, planting the TC1 and S3 in a multipoint and multi-row area in the second year, carrying out comprehensive character identification by taking late-maturing corn KWS2564 in Xinjiang as a reference, and selecting S3 panicle rows corresponding to dominant TC 1;
planting an S3 ear row family superior to a control, and naturally mixing and pollinating S3 ear rows to form a compound hybrid corn group CC1;
forming a DH1 group by CC1 according to the panicle row by using a haploid induction technology;
using DH1 as a female parent and a Reid group representative line as a male parent standard test seed, hybridizing to form a testing and matching group TC2, using late-maturing corn KWS2564 in Xinjiang as a control for the testing and matching group TC2, repeatedly planting in a multi-point and multi-row area, carrying out comprehensive character identification, and selecting an inbred line corresponding to the dominant TC2 hybridization combination.
2. The method for male parent selection and breeding of the silage corn according to claim 1, wherein the step of selecting the tropical germplasm with excellent silage quality to be hybridized with the lanchester germplasm to form the multi-hybrid population, and the step of naturally mixing the multi-hybrid population to form the basic improved population S0 specifically comprises the following steps:
selecting leucocyte germplasm and lanchester germplasm to perform double-row hybridization to form a multi-hybrid population MPH, planting in rows in an MPH isolation region, performing free pollination, and mixing 2 generations of pollen to generate a basic improved population S0.
3. The method for male parent selection of silage maize according to claim 2 wherein the leucocyte germplasm is selected from one or more of CML206, CML96, CML84 and CML 312.
4. The method for male parent breeding of the silage maize according to claim 2, wherein the Lancassiter germplasm is selected from one or more of PH4CV, mo17, LH51 and NS 701.
5. The method for selectively breeding the male parent of the silage corn as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of selecting the high density planting identification and screening of the S0 in the ear rows, and the step of selecting the ears to self-breed the improved cymbidium group S3 by the pedigree methodThe high density is 120000 strains/hm 2 。
6. The method for selectively breeding the silage corn male parent according to claim 5, wherein in the step of planting, identifying and screening S0 according to high density of ear rows, and selecting the ears to self-breed into the improved orchid-kava S3 according to a pedigree method, the standard of selecting the ears is that the selected individuals in the ear rows are silked 83 days before emergence of seedlings, the interval of the silking of the loose powder is less than 5 days, and the number of the individual seeds in the ear rows is more than 200.
7. The method for selectively breeding the silage corn male parent according to claim 1, wherein the step of taking part of the seeds and the reed group representative line as the standard test seeds to generate the TC1 by the step of numbering S3 according to ear rows, and the step of forming the test population TC2 by the hybrid combination by using DH1 as the female parent and the reed group representative line as the male parent standard test seeds specifically comprises the following steps:
planting S3 or DH1 into spike behavior female parent, planting a Ruider group representative line test seed at intervals between S3 or DH1 spike rows as a male parent, sowing the Ruider group representative line test seed in a seed stage, sowing the female parent 5 days later in the 1 stage, sowing the female parent 10-13 days later in the 2 stage, drawing a bud before the male parent is in an androgenesis stage, and harvesting the female parent according to the spike rows to form the test seed TC1 or TC2 after natural pollination.
8. The method for breeding the male parent of the silage corn according to claim 1, wherein the standard for comprehensive trait identification is as follows:
the quality of silage is excellent: when 1/2 of the grain milk line is harvested, the content of starch and dry matter is more than or equal to 30 percent, the content of crude protein is more than or equal to 7.0 percent, the content of neutral detergent fiber is less than or equal to 45 percent, the content of crude fiber is less than or equal to 25.0 percent, the digestibility of stems and leaves is higher, and grains are in horse-tooth shape and half horse-tooth shape and powdery shape;
the yield is high: fresh weight of whole silage plant is more than or equal to 90000 kg/hm 2 The dry matter yield is more than or equal to 26000 kg/hm 2 Silage yield 25% over control KWS2564 variety;
and (3) a ripening period: the seeds are dehydrated slowly within 10 to 15 days later than the later-maturing control KWS2564 in Xinjiang;
density resistance: planting density 90000 plants/hm 2 Above, no empty stalk exists;
disease resistance: the stem rot and the ear rot reach the above resistant level;
lodging resistance: the lodging rate and the lodging rate are lower than 5 percent.
9. The method for breeding the silage corn male parent according to claim 1, wherein the step of planting the family of S3 ear rows superior to the control and naturally pollinating and mixing the S3 ear rows to form the compound hybrid corn group CC1 specifically comprises the following steps:
planting in an S3 isolation area corresponding to the selected TC1 as a female parent, planting a parent row of mixed powder at intervals in each row, wherein the bud is touched to perform castration before the castration period of the S3 female parent row, removing all male ears after the seedling emergence of the male parent row, and only harvesting the fruitears fruited by the female parent row to form an ear row as CC1 during harvesting.
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