CN115572874B - Preparation method of high-conductivity Mg-Zn-Cu magnesium alloy - Google Patents

Preparation method of high-conductivity Mg-Zn-Cu magnesium alloy Download PDF

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CN115572874B
CN115572874B CN202211431375.4A CN202211431375A CN115572874B CN 115572874 B CN115572874 B CN 115572874B CN 202211431375 A CN202211431375 A CN 202211431375A CN 115572874 B CN115572874 B CN 115572874B
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temperature
magnesium
alloy
furnace
solution
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CN115572874A (en
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赵宇宏
张云涛
赵雨薇
柳伟
帅川
侯华
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North University of China
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C23/00Alloys based on magnesium
    • C22C23/04Alloys based on magnesium with zinc or cadmium as the next major constituent
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/06Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/06Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of magnesium or alloys based thereon

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a high-conductivity Mg-Zn-Cu magnesium alloy, belonging to the technical field of nonferrous metal solid solution strengthening processing; the method comprises the following steps: preparing pure magnesium, pure zinc and pure copper according to the Mg-3Zn-2Cu alloy component; sequentially adding pure zinc and pure copper into the melted magnesium ingot for refining and pouring; carrying out solution treatment on the casting piece obtained by casting, wherein the temperature of the solution treatment is 470 ℃; the solution treatment time is 60-72h; according to the invention, cu alloying modification treatment is carried out on the Mg-Zn magnesium alloy, when the addition amount of Cu is 2 wt%, the grain size of an alpha-Mg phase is reduced, and the tensile strength, yield strength and elongation of the as-cast Mg-3Zn-2Cu alloy reach 230mpa,103mpa and 29.3%; under the conditions of the solid solution temperature of 430 ℃ and the solid solution time of 72 hours, the electric conductivity of the Mg-3Zn-2Cu alloy reaches 21.03 MS m ‑1

Description

Preparation method of high-conductivity Mg-Zn-Cu magnesium alloy
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of nonferrous metal solid solution strengthening processing, and relates to a preparation method of a high-conductivity Mg-Zn-Cu magnesium alloy.
Background
The conductivity of the Mg-Zn magnesium alloy in the as-cast state is 19.06-20.34 MS.m -1 Between which are locatedAnd has great application potential under high temperature condition, and plays an important role in the application of 5G base stations and the field of mobile phones. However, with the continuous development of the electronic industry, a magnesium alloy with high conductivity is required to meet the strict requirements by keeping the device temperature within a safe range and extending the service life of electronic products.
The conductivity of Mg-Zn alloys decreases with increasing content of alloying elements. This phenomenon is mainly caused by alloy atoms dissolved in the magnesium matrix. The size of solute atoms is different from that of magnesium atoms, so that the lattice of the magnesium alloy is distorted, and finally the thermal conductivity is reduced.
In Mg-Zn alloys, the precipitated phase during the solution process is formed by the aggregation of Zn atoms, and at intermediate temperatures (about 100 ℃) solution treatment, many different types of precipitates exist simultaneously, resulting in hardening of the alloy while improving the electrical conductivity of the alloy. The heat treatment sequence of the alloy is reported to be SSSS→pre-beta →β 1 (rod-like and block-like precipitates {0001} Mg, mg 4 Zn 7 )→β 2 (mainly coarse particles {0001} Mg and some lath-like precipitates {0001} Mg, mgZn) 2 ) Beta equilibrium phase (MgZn or Mg 2 Zn 3 ). The addition of Cu can raise the eutectic temperature of Mg-Zn alloy, so that it can make solid solution treatment at higher temperature to make more Zn and Cu solid solution. Although researchers have made intensive studies on Mg-Zn-Cu-based magnesium alloys, the relationship between the conductivity after solution treatment and the structure evolution after solution treatment of Mg-Zn-Cu-based magnesium alloys has not been elucidated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art and provides a preparation method of a high-conductivity Mg-Zn-Cu magnesium alloy. According to the invention, cu element is introduced into the Mg-Zn alloy, and the introduction of Cu element enables the irregular blocky MgZn binary phase between the alpha-Mg crystal boundary and the dendrite arm to be converted into a sheet shape, so that the conductivity of the alloy is improved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
The preparation method of the high-conductivity Mg-Zn-Cu magnesium alloy comprises the following steps:
1) Preparing pure magnesium, pure zinc and pure copper according to the Mg-3Zn-2Cu alloy component;
2) Sequentially adding pure zinc and pure copper into the melted magnesium ingot for refining and pouring;
3) Carrying out solution treatment on the casting piece obtained by casting, wherein the temperature of the solution treatment is 470 ℃; the solution treatment time is 60-72h.
Preferably, the solution treatment time is 72 hours.
Preferably, the refining is to clean slag on the surface of molten steel when the furnace temperature is reduced to 720 ℃, stir for 1min after adding the refining agent, and start refining. Finally, after uniformly spreading the covering agent, closing the furnace cover, and preserving heat for 20 min after the furnace temperature is raised to 750 ℃.
Preferably, the casting is to keep the temperature at 750 ℃ for 20 min, then reduce the furnace temperature to 740 ℃, clean the surface of the solution, and then cast the magnesium alloy melt into a preheated mould; and after the temperature of the die naturally cools to room temperature, taking out the sample from the die to obtain the as-cast alloy test bar.
Preferably, the melting step of the magnesium ingot is: when the temperature of the resistance furnace is increased to 500 ℃, adding a magnesium ingot preheated to 200 ℃ into a crucible, sprinkling a dried covering agent on a magnesium block, and starting to introduce high-purity argon into the box-type resistance furnace for gas protection; when the temperature of the resistance furnace is raised to 720 ℃, the temperature is kept for 20 minutes at constant temperature.
Preferably, after the magnesium block is completely melted, cleaning the surface of the solution, adding the preheated zinc block, spraying the dried covering agent, and then closing a furnace cover to heat for melting the zinc block.
More preferably, when the temperature is increased to 750 ℃, a slag skimming rod is used for cleaning the surface of the solution after secondary furnace opening, preheated pure copper is added, the covering agent is scattered after stirring, a furnace cover is closed, and the temperature is kept for 5 minutes.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, cu alloying modification treatment is carried out on the Mg-Zn magnesium alloy, and under specific conditions, namely certain Cu content, cu adding mode, cu proportion and smelting process, the refining of original alpha-Mg crystal grains and the generation of MgZnCu eutectic phase can be promoted. When Cu is added in an amount of 2wt.%, fine equiaxed grains can be formed. After solution treatment, the granular MgZn phase disappears, the MgZnCu phase is partially dissolved, and the undissolved phase is decomposed into granules in the solution treatment process. The solubility of Cu in Mg matrix is very low (about 0.31-0.55 wt%) at 430 c, so that more MgZnCu phase accumulates along or within the grains with more Cu addition, and the volume fraction of Cu is higher, further improving conductivity.
2. By researching the influence of Cu on the structure and performance of Mg-Zn-Cu magnesium alloy, the invention clarifies that Cu respectively has a function on an alpha-Mg matrix and beta 1 -MgZn eutectic phase and beta 2 -MgZnCu effect. Through solution treatment, the change process of a matrix eutectic structure is ascertained, and the relation between the conductivity and the structure change is revealed, so that the high-conductivity Mg-Zn-Cu magnesium alloy is prepared after the solution treatment.
3. The as-cast Mg-3Zn alloy consists of an alpha-Mg matrix and MgZn eutectic phase in a grain boundary, the grain size of the alpha-Mg phase is reduced along with the addition of Cu (2 wt.% content), and the tensile strength, the yield strength and the elongation of the as-cast Mg-3Zn-2Cu alloy reach 230mpa,103mpa and 29.3%.
4. After the solution treatment, the granular MgZn phase disappears, the MgZnCu phase is partially dissolved, and the undissolved phase is decomposed into granules in the solution treatment process. Under the conditions of the solid solution temperature of 430 ℃ and the solid solution time of 72 hours, the volume fraction of Cu element in the alloy is highest, and the conductivity of the Mg-3Zn-2Cu alloy reaches 21.03 MS m -1
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a DSC profile of an as-cast alloy Mg-3Zn-xCu (x=1, 2, 3) as described in example 1.
Fig. 2 is an XRD pattern of the as-cast alloy Mg-3Zn-xCu (x=1, 2, 3) described in example 1.
Fig. 3 is a scanning micrograph of the as-cast alloy Mg-3Zn-xCu (x=1, 2, 3) described in example 1.
FIG. 4 is a scanning micrograph of the Mg-3Zn-xCu (x=1, 2, 3) 24h solution treated alloy described in example 1.
FIG. 5 is a scanning micrograph of a 48h solution treated alloy of Mg-3Zn-xCu (x=1, 2, 3) as described in example 1.
FIG. 6 is a scanning micrograph of a Mg-3Zn-xCu (x=1, 2, 3) 60h solution treated alloy as described in example 1.
FIG. 7 is a scanning micrograph of a Mg-3Zn-xCu (x=1, 2, 3) 72h solution treated alloy as described in example 1.
Fig. 8 is the tensile properties of the as-cast alloy Mg-3Zn-xCu (x=1, 2, 3) described in example 1.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects to be solved more clear, the invention is further described in detail by combining the embodiments and the drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The following describes the technical scheme of the present invention in detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the scope of protection is not limited thereto.
Example 1
Step 1, designing alloy components: in the embodiment, three groups of Mg-Zn-Cu magnesium alloys are designed by taking magnesium blocks, zinc blocks and copper wires as raw materials, and the specific tables are as follows:
step 2, alloy smelting
In this example, an alloy system was prepared using a box-type resistance furnace under the condition of a protective gas (argon). The specific table is as follows:
1) Molten magnesium ingot
When the temperature of the resistance furnace is raised to 500 ℃, a preheated (200 ℃) magnesium block is added into a crucible, a dried covering agent is spread on the magnesium block, and high-purity argon is introduced into a box-type resistance furnace to carry out gas protection (magnesium is a very active metal element and is easy to be mixed with O in the air at high temperature) 2 And water vapor reaction, affecting alloy properties);when the temperature of the resistance furnace is raised to 720 ℃, the temperature is kept for 20 minutes at a constant temperature, so that the magnesium blocks can be completely melted.
2) Zinc and copper additions
After the magnesium block is completely melted, the furnace cover is opened to clean the surface of the solution by a slag skimming rod, then the preheated zinc block is added, and the furnace cover is closed to start heating after the dried covering agent is spread. When the temperature is increased to 750 ℃, a slag skimming rod is used for cleaning the surface of the solution after secondary furnace opening, preheated copper wires are added according to the test requirement, the covering agent is scattered after stirring, a furnace cover is closed, and the temperature is kept for 5 min.
3) Refining
When the furnace temperature is reduced to 720 ℃, cleaning slag on the surface of the molten liquid, adding a refining agent, stirring for 1min, and starting refining. Finally, after uniformly spreading the covering agent, closing the furnace cover, and preserving heat for 20 min after the furnace temperature is raised to 750 ℃.
4) Pouring
After heat preservation for 20 min at 750 ℃, the furnace temperature is reduced to 740 ℃, and after the surface of the solution is cleaned by a slag skimming rod, the magnesium alloy melt is cast into a preheated mould (200 ℃). And after the temperature of the die naturally cools to room temperature, taking out the sample from the die to obtain the as-cast alloy test bar.
Step 3, solution treatment
Respectively carrying out Mg-3Zn-1Cu on three groups of alloys; mg-3Zn-2Cu; and carrying out solid solution treatment on the Mg-3Zn-3 Cu. Before solution treatment, cast Mg-3Zn-1Cu; mg-3Zn-2Cu; samples of Mg-3Zn-3Cu alloy (group A) were subjected to differential thermal analysis. The DSC curve of the alloy shows an endothermic peak, and 470 ℃ corresponds to the endothermic peak of the second phase of the alloy. Therefore, in order to avoid the second phase overburning in the alloy, the solution temperature of the alloy was set to 430 ℃. Then, respectively carrying out heat treatment on the as-cast Mg-3Zn-1Cu by using a vacuum tube type heat treatment furnace; mg-3Zn-2Cu; the three alloy test bars of Mg-3Zn-3Cu are subjected to solution treatment for 24, 48, 60 and 72 hours (B, C, D, E groups in sequence), and the cooling mode is water cooling.
Referring to fig. 1-8, when Cu is added at a 2wt.% level, fine equiaxed grains may be formed. After solution treatment, the granular MgZn phase disappears, the MgZnCu phase is partially dissolved, and the undissolved phase is in solid solutionDuring the treatment, the particles are decomposed. The solubility of Cu in Mg matrix is very low (about 0.31-0.55 wt%) at 430 c, so that more MgZnCu phase accumulates along or within the grains with more Cu addition, and the volume fraction of Cu is higher, further improving conductivity. The as-cast Mg-3Zn alloy consists of an alpha-Mg matrix and MgZn eutectic phase in a grain boundary, the grain size of the alpha-Mg phase is reduced along with the addition of Cu (2 wt.% content), and the tensile strength, the yield strength and the elongation of the as-cast Mg-3Zn-2Cu alloy reach 230mpa,103mpa and 29.3%. After the solution treatment, the granular MgZn phase disappears, the MgZnCu phase is partially dissolved, and the undissolved phase is decomposed into granules in the solution treatment process. Under the conditions of the solid solution temperature of 430 ℃ and the solid solution time of 72 hours, the volume fraction of Cu element in the alloy is highest, and the conductivity of the Mg-3Zn-2Cu alloy reaches 21.03 MS m -1 . Comparison of tensile properties and electrical conductivity properties of Mg-3Zn-xCu (x=1, 2, 3) alloys is seen in tables 1 and 2:
while the invention has been described in detail in connection with specific preferred embodiments thereof, it is not to be construed as limited thereto, but rather as a result of a simple deduction or substitution by a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the invention pertains without departing from the scope of the invention defined by the appended claims.

Claims (1)

1. The preparation method of the high-conductivity Mg-Zn-Cu magnesium alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) Preparing pure magnesium, pure zinc and pure copper according to the mass ratio of Mg-3Zn-2Cu alloy components;
2) Sequentially adding pure zinc and pure copper into the melted magnesium ingot for refining and pouring;
3) Carrying out solution treatment on the casting piece obtained by casting, wherein the temperature of the solution treatment is 430 ℃, and the time of the solution treatment is 72 hours;
the refining is to clean slag on the surface of molten steel when the furnace temperature is reduced to 720 ℃, stir for 1min after adding a refining agent, and start refining; finally, after uniformly spreading the covering agent, closing a furnace cover, and preserving heat for 20 min after the furnace temperature is raised to 750 ℃;
the casting is to keep the temperature at 750 ℃ for 20 min, then reduce the furnace temperature to 740 ℃, clean the surface of the solution, and then cast the magnesium alloy melt into a preheated mould; after the temperature of the die naturally cools to room temperature, taking out the sample from the die to obtain an as-cast alloy test bar;
the melting step of the magnesium ingot comprises the following steps: when the temperature of the resistance furnace is increased to 500 ℃, adding a magnesium ingot preheated to 200 ℃ into a crucible, sprinkling a dried covering agent on a magnesium block, and starting to introduce high-purity argon into the box-type resistance furnace for gas protection; when the temperature of the resistance furnace is raised to 720 ℃, the temperature is kept for 20 minutes at constant temperature;
after the magnesium block is completely melted, cleaning the surface of the solution, adding the preheated zinc block, spraying the dried covering agent, and then closing a furnace cover to heat for melting the zinc block;
when the temperature is increased to 750 ℃, a slag skimming rod is used for cleaning the surface of the solution after secondary furnace opening, preheated pure copper is added, the covering agent is scattered after stirring, the furnace cover is closed, and the temperature is kept for 5 minutes.
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KR20150124212A (en) * 2014-04-28 2015-11-05 (주) 장원테크 Magnesium alloy having heat radiation property and its manufacturing method
CN110029258A (en) * 2019-04-26 2019-07-19 陕西鼎卓材料科技有限公司 A kind of high tough wrought magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof
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CN114657399A (en) * 2022-02-22 2022-06-24 中北大学 Preparation method of high-thermal-conductivity and high-electric-conductivity Mg-Zn-Cu magnesium alloy

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5511191A (en) * 1978-05-31 1980-01-25 Magnesium Elektron Ltd Magnesium alloy
CN102433479A (en) * 2011-12-28 2012-05-02 东北大学 Magnesium alloy with warm extrusion property and preparation method of magnesium alloy extrusion material
CN103849800A (en) * 2014-03-14 2014-06-11 重庆大学 Cu-containing high-conductivity and high-electromagnetic-shielding-property wrought magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof
KR20150124212A (en) * 2014-04-28 2015-11-05 (주) 장원테크 Magnesium alloy having heat radiation property and its manufacturing method
JP2019218577A (en) * 2018-06-15 2019-12-26 株式会社戸畑製作所 Magnesium alloy
CN110029258A (en) * 2019-04-26 2019-07-19 陕西鼎卓材料科技有限公司 A kind of high tough wrought magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof
CN114657399A (en) * 2022-02-22 2022-06-24 中北大学 Preparation method of high-thermal-conductivity and high-electric-conductivity Mg-Zn-Cu magnesium alloy

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Title
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