CN115572874A - Preparation method of high-conductivity Mg-Zn-Cu magnesium alloy - Google Patents

Preparation method of high-conductivity Mg-Zn-Cu magnesium alloy Download PDF

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CN115572874A
CN115572874A CN202211431375.4A CN202211431375A CN115572874A CN 115572874 A CN115572874 A CN 115572874A CN 202211431375 A CN202211431375 A CN 202211431375A CN 115572874 A CN115572874 A CN 115572874A
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magnesium alloy
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CN115572874B (en
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赵宇宏
张云涛
赵雨薇
柳伟
帅川
侯华
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North University of China
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    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C23/00Alloys based on magnesium
    • C22C23/04Alloys based on magnesium with zinc or cadmium as the next major constituent
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    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/06Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/06Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of magnesium or alloys based thereon

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Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a high-conductivity Mg-Zn-Cu magnesium alloy, belonging to the technical field of solid solution strengthening processing of nonferrous metals; the method comprises the following steps: preparing pure magnesium, pure zinc and pure copper according to Mg-3Zn-2Cu alloy components; adding pure zinc and pure copper into the molten magnesium ingot in sequence for refining and casting; carrying out solid solution treatment on a casting piece obtained by casting, wherein the temperature of the solid solution treatment is 470 ℃; the time of the solution treatment is 60-72h; the invention carries out Cu alloying modification treatment on Mg-Zn magnesium alloy, when the addition of Cu is 2wt.%, the grain size of an alpha-Mg phase is reduced, and the tensile strength, yield strength and elongation of the as-cast Mg-3Zn-2Cu alloy reach 230Mpa,103Mpa and 29.3%; at a solution temperature of 430 ℃ and a solution time of 7Under the condition of 2h, the conductivity of the Mg-3Zn-2Cu alloy reaches 21.03 MS.m ‑1

Description

Preparation method of high-conductivity Mg-Zn-Cu magnesium alloy
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solid solution strengthening processing of nonferrous metals, and relates to a preparation method of a high-conductivity Mg-Zn-Cu magnesium alloy.
Background
The conductivity of the Mg-Zn magnesium alloy in an as-cast state is 19.06-20.34 MS.m -1 And has great application potential under high temperature condition, and plays an important role in the application of 5G base station and mobile phone field. However, as the electronic industry continues to develop, the temperature of devices is kept within a safe range and the service life of electronic products is prolonged, so that highly conductive magnesium alloys are required to meet strict requirements.
The conductivity of Mg-Zn alloys decreases with increasing content of the alloying elements. This phenomenon is mainly caused by alloy atoms dissolved in the magnesium matrix. The solute atoms are different in size from the magnesium atoms, and therefore the crystal lattice of the magnesium alloy is distorted, eventually leading to a decrease in thermal conductivity.
In the Mg-Zn alloy, a precipitation phase in a solid solution process is formed by gathering Zn atoms, and when the intermediate temperature (about 100 ℃) is subjected to solid solution treatment, various precipitates of different types exist at the same time, so that the electrical conductivity of the alloy is improved while the alloy is hardened. The heat treatment sequence of the alloy is reported to be SSSS → pre-beta →β 1 (rod and bulk precipitate ≠ 0001) } Mg 4 Zn 7 )→β 2 (mainly coarse particles | {0001} mg and some lath-shaped precipitates | {0001} mg 2 ) → beta equilibrium phase (MgZn or Mg) 2 Zn 3 ). The addition of Cu can raise the eutectic temperature of Mg-Zn alloy, so that the solution treatment can be carried out at a higher temperature to make more Zn and Cu dissolve in solution. Although researchers are concerned with Mg-Zn-Cu based magnesium alloysThe study is very intensive, but the relation between the electric conductivity and the structure evolution after the Mg-Zn-Cu series magnesium alloy is subjected to solid solution treatment is not explained.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art and provides a preparation method of a high-conductivity Mg-Zn-Cu magnesium alloy. The Cu element is introduced into the Mg-Zn alloy, and the introduction of the Cu element enables irregular blocky MgZn binary phases between an alpha-Mg crystal boundary and a dendrite arm to be converted into sheets, so that the conductivity of the alloy is improved.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions.
A preparation method of a high-conductivity Mg-Zn-Cu magnesium alloy comprises the following steps:
1) Preparing pure magnesium, pure zinc and pure copper according to Mg-3Zn-2Cu alloy components;
2) Adding pure zinc and pure copper into the molten magnesium ingot in sequence for refining and casting;
3) Carrying out solid solution treatment on a casting piece obtained by casting, wherein the temperature of the solid solution treatment is 470 ℃; the time of the solution treatment is 60-72h.
Preferably, the time for the solution treatment is 72 hours.
Preferably, the refining is carried out by cleaning slag on the surface of the melt when the furnace temperature is reduced to 720 ℃, adding a refining agent, stirring for 1min and starting refining. And finally, uniformly spraying a covering agent, closing a furnace cover, and preserving heat for 20 min after the furnace temperature is raised to 750 ℃.
Preferably, the pouring is that after the temperature is kept at 750 ℃ for 20 min, the furnace temperature is reduced to 740 ℃, the surface of the solution is cleaned, and then the magnesium alloy melt is poured into a preheated mold; and after the temperature of the die is naturally cooled to room temperature, taking out the sample from the die to obtain the as-cast alloy test bar.
Preferably, the magnesium ingot is melted by the following steps: when the temperature of the resistance furnace rises to 500 ℃, adding a magnesium ingot preheated to 200 ℃ into a crucible, scattering a dried covering agent on a magnesium block, and introducing high-purity argon into the box-type resistance furnace for gas protection; when the temperature of the resistance furnace rises to 720 ℃, the temperature is kept for 20 min at constant temperature.
Preferably, after the magnesium block is completely melted, the surface of the solution is cleaned, then the preheated zinc block is added, the dried covering agent is sprinkled on the zinc block, and then the furnace cover is closed to heat up the zinc block to melt the zinc block.
Preferably, when the temperature rises to 750 ℃, the surface of the solution is cleaned by a slag removing rod for secondary blow-in, preheated pure copper is added, the covering agent is spread after stirring, a furnace cover is closed, and the temperature is kept for 5 min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention carries out Cu alloying modification treatment on Mg-Zn magnesium alloy, and can promote the refinement of original alpha-Mg grains and the generation of MgZnCu eutectic phase under specific conditions, namely a certain Cu content, cu adding mode, cu proportion and smelting process. When Cu is added at a content of 2wt.%, fine equiaxed grains may be formed. After the solution treatment, the granular MgZn phase disappears, the MgZnCu phase is partially dissolved, and the undissolved phase is decomposed into granules in the solution treatment process. The solubility of Cu in the Mg matrix is very low (about 0.31-0.55 wt%) at 430 ℃, so more MgZnCu phase will accumulate along or within the grains with more Cu addition, with a higher volume fraction of Cu, resulting in further improvement of conductivity.
2. By researching the influence of Cu on the structure and performance of Mg-Zn-Cu magnesium alloy, the invention clarifies that Cu respectively affects alpha-Mg matrix and beta 1 -MgZn eutectic phase and beta 2 The effect of MgZnCu. Through solution treatment, the change process of a matrix eutectic structure is proved, and the relation between the conductivity and the structure change is revealed, so that the high-conductivity Mg-Zn-Cu magnesium alloy is prepared after the solution treatment.
3. The cast Mg-3Zn alloy consists of an alpha-Mg matrix and an MgZn eutectic phase in a crystal boundary, the grain size of the alpha-Mg phase is reduced along with the addition of Cu (2 wt percent content), and the tensile strength, yield strength and elongation of the cast Mg-3Zn-2Cu alloy reach 230Mpa,103Mpa and 29.3 percent.
4. After the solution treatment, the granular MgZn phase disappears, the MgZnCu phase is partially dissolved, and the undissolved phase is decomposed into granules in the solution treatment process. At a solid solution temperature of 430 ℃ and at the time of solid solutionUnder the condition of 72 hours, the volume fraction of the Cu element in the alloy is the highest, and the conductivity of the Mg-3Zn-2Cu alloy reaches 21.03 MS.m -1
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a DSC plot of the as-cast alloy Mg-3Zn-xCu (x =1,2,3) described in example 1.
FIG. 2 is an XRD pattern of the as-cast alloy Mg-3Zn-xCu (x =1,2,3) described in example 1.
FIG. 3 is a scanning microstructure photograph of the as-cast alloy Mg-3Zn-xCu (x =1,2,3) described in example 1.
FIG. 4 is a scanning microstructure photograph of a Mg-3Zn-xCu (x =1,2,3) 24h solution treated alloy described in example 1.
FIG. 5 is a scanning microstructure photograph of a Mg-3Zn-xCu (x =1,2,3) 48h solution treated alloy described in example 1.
FIG. 6 is a scanning micrograph of a Mg-3Zn-xCu (x =1,2,3) 60h solution treated alloy described in example 1.
FIG. 7 is a scanning micrograph of a Mg-3Zn-xCu (x =1,2,3) 72h solution treated alloy described in example 1.
FIG. 8 is the tensile properties of the as-cast alloy Mg-3Zn-xCu (x =1,2,3) described in example 1.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and the drawings, but the scope of protection is not limited thereto.
Example 1
Step 1, designing alloy components: in the embodiment, magnesium blocks, zinc blocks and copper wires are used as raw materials, and three groups of Mg-Zn-Cu series magnesium alloys are designed, and the following table specifically shows:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
step 2, alloy smelting
This example prepares an alloy system using a box-type resistance furnace under a protective gas (argon). The following table specifically shows:
1) Melting magnesium ingot
When the temperature of the resistance furnace rises to 500 ℃, adding the preheated (200 ℃) magnesium block into a crucible, spraying the dried covering agent on the magnesium block, and introducing high-purity argon into the box-type resistance furnace for gas protection (magnesium is a very active metal element and is easy to react with O in the air at high temperature 2 And reacts with water vapor, affecting alloy properties); and when the temperature of the resistance furnace rises to 720 ℃, keeping the temperature for 20 min at a constant temperature to ensure that the magnesium blocks can be completely melted.
2) Adding zinc and copper
After the magnesium block is completely melted, opening a furnace cover, cleaning the surface of the solution by using a slag removing rod, then adding the preheated zinc block, spraying the dried covering agent, and closing the furnace cover to start heating. When the temperature rises to 750 ℃, the surface of the solution is cleaned by a slag removing rod for secondary opening, a preheated copper wire is added according to the test requirement, a covering agent is sprayed after stirring, a furnace cover is closed, and the temperature is kept for 5 min.
3) Refining of
When the furnace temperature is reduced to 720 ℃, cleaning slag on the surface of the melt, adding a refining agent, stirring for 1min, and starting refining. And finally, uniformly spraying a covering agent, closing a furnace cover, and preserving heat for 20 min after the furnace temperature is raised to 750 ℃.
4) Pouring
Keeping the temperature at 750 ℃ for 20 min, then reducing the furnace temperature to 740 ℃, cleaning the surface of the solution by a slag removing rod, and then casting the magnesium alloy melt into a preheated mold (200 ℃). And after the temperature of the die is naturally cooled to room temperature, taking out the sample from the die to obtain the as-cast alloy test bar.
Step 3, solution treatment
Respectively aligning three groups of alloys Mg-3Zn-1Cu; mg-3Zn-2Cu; and performing solid solution treatment on the Mg-3Zn-3 Cu. Before the solid solution treatment, carrying out cast Mg-3Zn-1Cu; mg-3Zn-2Cu; the Mg-3Zn-3Cu alloy (group A) samples were subjected to differential thermal analysis. The alloy has an endothermic peak on the DSC curve, which corresponds to the endothermic peak of the second phase of the alloy at 470 ℃. Therefore, in order to avoid the second phase in the alloy from being over-sintered, the solid solution temperature of the alloy is set to 430 ℃. Then, respectively carrying out cast Mg-3Zn-1Cu treatment on the cast Mg-3Zn-1Cu by using a vacuum tube type heat treatment furnace; mg-3Zn-2Cu; the Mg-3Zn-3Cu three alloy test bars were subjected to solution treatment for 24, 48, 60, and 72 hours (in the order of B, C, D, and E groups), and the cooling method was water cooling.
Referring to fig. 1-8, when Cu is added at a 2wt.% content, fine equiaxed grains may be formed. After the solution treatment, the granular MgZn phase disappears, the MgZnCu phase is partially dissolved, and the undissolved phase is decomposed into granules in the solution treatment process. The solubility of Cu in the Mg matrix at 430 ℃ is very low (about 0.31-0.55 wt%), so more MgZnCu phase will accumulate along or within the grains with more Cu addition, with a higher volume fraction of Cu, resulting in further improvement of conductivity. The cast Mg-3Zn alloy consists of an alpha-Mg matrix and an MgZn eutectic phase in a crystal boundary, the grain size of the alpha-Mg phase is reduced along with the addition of Cu (2 wt percent content), and the tensile strength, yield strength and elongation of the cast Mg-3Zn-2Cu alloy reach 230Mpa,103Mpa and 29.3 percent. After the solution treatment, the granular MgZn phase disappears, the MgZnCu phase is partially dissolved, and the undissolved phase is decomposed into granules in the solution treatment process. Under the conditions that the solid solution temperature is 430 ℃ and the solid solution time is 72h, the volume fraction of Cu element in the alloy is the highest, and the conductivity of the Mg-3Zn-2Cu alloy reaches 21.03 MS.m -1 . A comparison of tensile and electrical conductivity properties of Mg-3Zn-xCu (x =1,2, 3) alloys is seen in tables 1 and 2:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
while the invention has been described in further detail with reference to specific preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (7)

1. A preparation method of a high-conductivity Mg-Zn-Cu magnesium alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Preparing pure magnesium, pure zinc and pure copper according to Mg-3Zn-2Cu alloy components;
2) Adding pure zinc and pure copper into the molten magnesium ingot in sequence for refining and casting;
3) Carrying out solid solution treatment on a casting piece obtained by casting, wherein the temperature of the solid solution treatment is 470 ℃; the time of the solution treatment is 60-72h.
2. The method for preparing a highly conductive Mg-Zn-Cu magnesium alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the time of solution treatment is 72 hours.
3. The method for preparing a highly conductive Mg-Zn-Cu magnesium alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the refining is performed by cleaning the slag on the surface of the melt when the furnace temperature is reduced to 720 ℃, adding a refining agent, stirring for 1min, and starting refining; and finally, uniformly spraying a covering agent, closing a furnace cover, and preserving heat for 20 min after the furnace temperature is raised to 750 ℃.
4. The method for preparing the high-conductivity Mg-Zn-Cu magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the casting is carried out by keeping the temperature at 750 ℃ for 20 min, then reducing the furnace temperature to 740 ℃, cleaning the surface of the solution, and then casting the magnesium alloy melt into a preheated mold; and after the temperature of the die is naturally cooled to room temperature, taking out the sample from the die to obtain the as-cast alloy test bar.
5. The method for preparing the high-conductivity Mg-Zn-Cu magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the magnesium ingot is melted by the following steps: when the temperature of the resistance furnace rises to 500 ℃, adding a magnesium ingot preheated to 200 ℃ into the crucible, scattering the dried covering agent on the magnesium block, and starting to introduce high-purity argon into the box-type resistance furnace for gas protection; when the temperature of the resistance furnace rises to 720 ℃, the temperature is kept for 20 min at constant temperature.
6. The method for preparing a highly conductive Mg-Zn-Cu magnesium alloy according to claim 5, wherein after the magnesium block is completely melted, the surface of the solution is cleaned, then the preheated zinc block is added, the dried covering agent is sprinkled on the zinc block, and then a furnace cover is closed to heat up the zinc block to melt the zinc block.
7. The method for preparing a highly conductive Mg-Zn-Cu magnesium alloy according to claim 6, wherein when the temperature is raised to 750 ℃, the surface of the solution is cleaned by a slag removing rod for the second time of opening the furnace, preheated pure copper is added, after stirring, the covering agent is spread and the furnace cover is closed, and the temperature is kept for 5 min.
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JPS5511191A (en) * 1978-05-31 1980-01-25 Magnesium Elektron Ltd Magnesium alloy
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CN103849800A (en) * 2014-03-14 2014-06-11 重庆大学 Cu-containing high-conductivity and high-electromagnetic-shielding-property wrought magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof
KR20150124212A (en) * 2014-04-28 2015-11-05 (주) 장원테크 Magnesium alloy having heat radiation property and its manufacturing method
CN110029258A (en) * 2019-04-26 2019-07-19 陕西鼎卓材料科技有限公司 A kind of high tough wrought magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof
JP2019218577A (en) * 2018-06-15 2019-12-26 株式会社戸畑製作所 Magnesium alloy
CN114657399A (en) * 2022-02-22 2022-06-24 中北大学 Preparation method of high-thermal-conductivity and high-electric-conductivity Mg-Zn-Cu magnesium alloy

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5511191A (en) * 1978-05-31 1980-01-25 Magnesium Elektron Ltd Magnesium alloy
CN102433479A (en) * 2011-12-28 2012-05-02 东北大学 Magnesium alloy with warm extrusion property and preparation method of magnesium alloy extrusion material
CN103849800A (en) * 2014-03-14 2014-06-11 重庆大学 Cu-containing high-conductivity and high-electromagnetic-shielding-property wrought magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof
KR20150124212A (en) * 2014-04-28 2015-11-05 (주) 장원테크 Magnesium alloy having heat radiation property and its manufacturing method
JP2019218577A (en) * 2018-06-15 2019-12-26 株式会社戸畑製作所 Magnesium alloy
CN110029258A (en) * 2019-04-26 2019-07-19 陕西鼎卓材料科技有限公司 A kind of high tough wrought magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof
CN114657399A (en) * 2022-02-22 2022-06-24 中北大学 Preparation method of high-thermal-conductivity and high-electric-conductivity Mg-Zn-Cu magnesium alloy

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Title
张万鹏: "Cu元素对Mg-Zn系合金显微组织及热物性能影响研究", 中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技Ⅰ辑, no. 01, pages 022 - 312 *
鲁若鹏等: "Mn含量对铸造Mg-Zn-Cu合金组织和性能的影响", 特种铸造及有色合金, no. 10, pages 1057 - 1061 *

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