CN115554479B - 一种三层复合结构肌腱术后仿生腱鞘防粘连膜 - Google Patents
一种三层复合结构肌腱术后仿生腱鞘防粘连膜 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开一种三层复合结构肌腱术后仿生腱鞘防粘连膜,用于模拟正常的腱鞘结构,包括:外层高孔隙率的短纤维膜层、中间层的水凝胶层以及内层低孔隙率的静电纺丝纤维膜层,其中,所述中间层水凝胶通过修饰接枝的方式装载、递送治疗性的基因载体/药物,同时内、外层纤维膜的孔隙率的显著差异赋予该体系向腱周侧单向释放的优越性能。采用本发明的技术方案,可有效地预防肌腱术后腱周粘连组织的形成,同时不影响肌腱的愈合并维持肌腱正常的组织结构及力学性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医用材料技术领域,尤其涉及一种三层复合结构肌腱术后仿生腱鞘防粘连膜。
背景技术
肌腱粘连,是受损肌腱的纤维化愈合导致肌腱与腱周组织之间纤维组织(疤痕组织)过度增生,是肌腱损伤或修复术后最常见的并发症之一。约30%-40%肌腱损伤的患者治疗后会发生肌腱与周围组织的粘连,从而影响影响患者的正常肢体功能并导致疼痛,甚至终生残疾,而且由于缺乏有效的粘连防治措施,常常使治疗陷入“粘连—松解—再粘连”的恶性循环,因此成为临床亟待解决的难题。肌腱损伤后的修复重建不仅需要恢复肌腱纤维的连续性,还需要恢复肌腱与其相邻解剖结构(如骨骼,腱旁组织和腱鞘等)之间的滑动机制。尤其在严重的手外挤压或脱套伤后,肌腱邻近组织的严重毁损为纤维化和疤痕的生长、渗入提供了客观环境。肌腱的纤维化愈合通常使其在结构和功能上都不如正常肌腱,且肌腱与腱旁组织之间的瘢痕增生阻碍了正常肌腱的滑动,导致不同程度的肌腱挛缩和运动功能丧失,严重影响患者的工作和生活。
腱鞘,由外层纤维鞘和内层滑液鞘组成,是负责肌腱滑动和营养的重要结构。此外,腱鞘本身是一个良好的生物学屏障,可以防止腱周纤维组织的侵入和促进肌腱愈合。当肌腱损伤发生时,腱鞘往往会遭到破坏并出现缺损。从而,外源性成纤维细胞的入侵使得周围组织黏附在修复部位并导致粘连形成。因此,维持完整的腱鞘状结构对于肌腱的生物学行为的正常发挥是必不可少的。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是,提供一种三层复合结构肌腱术后仿生腱鞘防粘连膜,可有效地预防肌腱术后腱周粘连组织的形成,同时不影响肌腱的愈合并维持肌腱正常的组织结构及力学性能。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用如下的技术方案:
一种三层复合结构肌腱术后仿生腱鞘防粘连膜,包括:外层高孔隙率的短纤维膜层、中间层的水凝胶层以及内层低孔隙率的静电纺丝纤维膜层,其中,所述中间层水凝胶通过修饰接枝的方式装载、递送治疗性的基因载体/药物,同时内、外层纤维膜的孔隙率的显著差异赋予该体系向腱周侧单向释放的优越性能。
作为优选,所述静电纺丝纤维膜层为25%的聚己内酯的静电纺丝纤维膜。
作为优选,所述短纤维膜层为12%的聚乳酸/明胶静电纺丝短纤维膜。
作为优选,所述水凝胶层为甲基丙烯酸酯改性聚乙烯醇水凝胶。
作为优选,所述甲基丙烯酸酯改性聚乙烯醇水凝胶通过与苯硼酸修饰的聚乙烯亚胺PBA-PEI/ERK2-siRNA复合物形成硼酸酯共价键,同时通过ROS响应的方式将PBA-PEI/ERK2-siRNA复合物高效递送到肌腱周围粘连组织区域。
作为优选,所述药物为布洛芬或塞莱希布。
作为优选,所述短纤维膜层的孔隙率为74±6%。
作为优选,所述静电纺丝纤维膜层的孔隙率为23±4%。
本发明仿生腱鞘防粘连膜结构简单,设计合理,具有单向释放基因载体/药物、仿生腱鞘结构等诸多优势,可有效地预防肌腱术后腱周粘连组织的形成,同时不影响肌腱的愈合并维持肌腱正常的组织结构及力学性能,对于降低患者的肢体残障率、恢复患肢功能活动、减轻社会及家庭负担具有重要意义。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明的技术方案,下面对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明三层复合结构肌腱术后仿生腱鞘防粘连膜的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂,下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
实施例1:
如图1所示,本发明提供一种三层复合结构肌腱术后仿生腱鞘防粘连膜,用于模拟正常的腱鞘结构,包括:外层高孔隙率的短纤维膜层、中间层的水凝胶层以及内层低孔隙率的静电纺丝纤维膜层。所述中间层水凝胶除具有滑动功能外,还可通过修饰接枝的方式装载、递送治疗性的基因载体/药物,此外,不同孔隙率的内、外层纤维膜层赋予了其优良的单向释放基因载体/药物的性能。本发明仿生腱鞘防粘连膜结构简单,设计合理,具有单向释放基因载体/药物、仿生腱鞘结构等诸多优势,可有效地预防肌腱术后腱周粘连组织的形成,同时不影响肌腱的愈合并维持肌腱正常的组织结构及力学性能,对于降低患者的肢体残障率、恢复患肢功能活动、减轻社会及家庭负担具有重要意义。
作为本发明实施例的一种实施方式,所述静电纺丝纤维膜层为25%的PCL(polycaprolactone,聚己内酯)的静电纺丝纤维膜。所述静电纺丝纤维膜层的孔隙率为23±4%。
作为本发明实施例的一种实施方式,所述短纤维膜层为12%的聚乳酸/明胶静电纺丝短纤维膜。所述短纤维膜层的孔隙率为74±6%。
作为本发明实施例的一种实施方式,所述水凝胶层为甲基丙烯酸酯改性聚乙烯醇(PVA-MA)水凝胶。所述甲基丙烯酸酯改性聚乙烯醇水凝胶通过与苯硼酸修饰的聚乙烯亚胺(polyethylenimine,PEI)(PBA-PEI)/ERK2-siRNA复合物形成硼酸酯共价键,同时通过ROS响应的方式将PBA-PEI/ERK2-siRNA复合物高效递送到肌腱周围粘连组织区域。
作为本发明实施例的一种实施方式,所述内层低孔隙率的静电纺丝纤维膜层的制备方法如下:将2.5gPCL(配制浓度为25%)溶于6mL二氯甲烷(Dichloromethane,DCM)中,磁力棒搅拌均匀过夜,之后再加入4mL二甲基甲酰胺(Dimethylformamide,DMF)搅拌1-2小时,得到PCL溶液作为纺丝原材料。将聚合物溶液转移到10mL注射器中。在注射器针尖和铝箔包裹的收集器之间由高压电源提供18kV的电压差。从针尖到收集器之间的距离为20cm。聚合物溶液的流速控制在0.05mL/min。纺丝膜制备好后抽真空干燥。
作为本发明实施例的一种实施方式,所述外层高孔隙率的短纤维膜层的制备方法如下:短纤维膜的制备需经过静电纺丝、均质化、塑形和热交联四个步骤。首先称量0.96g明胶和0.24g聚乳酸(质量比:明胶:聚乳酸=4:1)溶于10ml六氟异丙醇(配制浓度为12%),磁力棒搅拌均匀过夜,得到明胶/聚乳酸聚合物溶液并制备成静电纺丝膜。静电纺丝条件设置如下:施加电压、流速、采集距离分别设置为15kV,3ml/h,15cm。制备的明胶/聚乳酸纤维膜经真空干燥以除去残余溶剂。将纤维膜的切割成细小碎片,并分散于叔丁醇溶液中。使用搅拌器在13,000rpm下持续搅拌15分钟以实现混合溶液的均质化。然后冷冻干燥48h,得到未交联的短纤维支架。最后为了稳定结构,短纤维支架进一步在180℃烘箱中热交联2h,并裁剪获得适宜厚度的短纤维膜。
作为本发明实施例的一种实施方式,所述中间层水凝胶层的制备方法如下:甲基丙烯酸酯改性聚乙烯醇(PVA-MA)水凝胶的合成方法如下:以二甲基亚砜作为溶剂下,PVA上的羟基与甲基丙烯酸酯缩水甘油醚上的环氧基团反应以实现PVA-MA的聚合。具体来说,首先将10gPVA和0.22g二甲基氨基吡啶(DMAP)溶于100ml二甲基亚砜溶液中。在N2气下加热到60℃直至PVA和DMAP完全溶解。之后,将0.64g甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油醚滴入上述体系中,并在N2气下于60℃反应12小时。反应完成后,将反应混合物加入400ml丙酮中沉淀,并过滤收集粗产物,然后溶解在100ml去离子水中透析(MWCO=7000D)4天。最后冷冻干燥获得纯化后的PVA-MA。
理想的防粘连膜体系应该具备药物单向释放的特性,以免干扰肌腱愈合。因此,本发明将由聚乳酸/明胶短纤维构成的电纺纤维膜作为仿生腱鞘的外层膜,其具有更高的孔隙率,实现了更容易的分子内外交换。而仿生腱鞘的内层膜由孔隙致密的聚己内酯电纺纤维膜构成,以期这种内外层膜结构中孔隙率的显著差异可以实现药物的单向递送。本发明三层复合结构肌腱术后仿生腱鞘防粘连膜体系可负载防粘连药物如布洛芬、塞莱希布等,以及针对粘连发病机制重要位点的siRNA,如ERK2-siRNA、TGF-β-siRNA等,同时可基于腱周粘连病理微环境变化(如ROS升高)控制治疗药物/基因载体的递送,有效预防腱周粘连组织的形成。
以上所述的实施例仅是对本发明优选方式进行的描述,并非对本发明的范围进行限定,在不脱离本发明设计精神的前提下,本领域普通技术人员对本发明的技术方案做出的各种变形和改进,均应落入本发明权利要求书确定的保护范围内。
Claims (1)
1.一种三层复合结构肌腱术后仿生腱鞘防粘连膜,其特征在于,用于模拟正常的腱鞘结构,包括:外层高孔隙率的短纤维膜层、中间层的水凝胶层以及内层低孔隙率的静电纺丝纤维膜层,其中,所述中间层的水凝胶通过修饰接枝的方式装载、递送治疗性的基因载体/药物,同时内、外层纤维膜的孔隙率的显著差异赋予该体系向腱周侧单向释放的优越性能;
所述静电纺丝纤维膜层为25%的聚己内酯的静电纺丝纤维膜;
所述短纤维膜层为12%的聚乳酸/明胶静电纺丝短纤维膜;
所述水凝胶层为甲基丙烯酸酯改性聚乙烯醇水凝胶;
所述甲基丙烯酸酯改性聚乙烯醇水凝胶通过与苯硼酸修饰的聚乙烯亚胺PBA-PEI/ERK2-siRNA复合物形成硼酸酯共价键,同时通过ROS响应的方式将PBA-PEI/ERK2-siRNA复合物高效递送到肌腱周围粘连组织区域;所述药物为布洛芬或塞莱希布;所述短纤维膜层的孔隙率为74±6%;所述静电纺丝纤维膜层的孔隙率为23±4%。
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