CN112957521B - 一种载青蒿素脂质体的海藻酸盐-丝素蛋白复合水凝胶的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种载青蒿素脂质体的海藻酸盐-丝素蛋白复合水凝胶的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及生物医用材料领域,本发明公开了一种载青蒿素脂质体的海藻酸盐‑丝素蛋白复合水凝胶的制备方法,本发明通过乙醇注射法,以适当比例将青蒿素药物和其他脂质溶于乙醇,注射、蒸发,制备了载有青蒿素药物的脂质体;利用碳酸钠溶液脱胶,选择CaCl2‑乙醇‑H2O的三元系统搅拌溶解丝素蛋白,离心透析、冷冻干燥制备得到丝素蛋白;制备藻酸钠溶液,然后将载药脂质体、丝素蛋白、藻酸钠形成混合物,离心超声制备水凝胶,其具有优异的药物控释能力和极高的药物生物利用度,复合海藻酸钠和丝素蛋白制备的水凝胶生物相容性也非常好,海藻酸钠还与丝素蛋白形成协同互补,可提高丝素蛋白水凝胶的机械性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物医用材料领域,尤其涉及一种载青蒿素脂质体的海藻酸盐-丝素蛋白复合水凝胶的制备方法。
背景技术
水凝胶是溶胀的立体三维网状结构高分子聚合物,性能优良的水凝胶敷料具有创造创面低氧环境,保持作用部位湿润,清除坏死组织和毒素等作用。水凝胶具有类细胞外基质的聚合物网状结构,可以允许生物活性分子的负载。载药的水凝胶除了兼具水凝胶的优点外,还具有针对性药物控释、增加药物生物利用度、对生物环境高敏感和促进伤口组织愈合等优点。
一些药物传递系统,如纳米乳剂,纳米颗粒,水凝胶,脂质体,已被证明可以改善药物的控制释放。特别是脂质体,由于其具有增强药物吸收、高生物相容性和生物降解性等优点,在过去的十年中,脂质体已被证明是很有前途的给药制剂。此外,磷脂双分子层和水凝胶微环境赋予脂质体包埋亲水和疏水化合物的能力。青蒿素是具有多种药理作用的天然倍半萜内酯化合物。青蒿素抑制酶和破坏细菌膜的作用使其具有抗菌性,抑制促炎因子的表达使其具有抗炎症性能,这些性能使得青蒿素可以在抵御病原微生物感染和抑制过度炎症反应等阶段发挥作用,表现出促创伤愈合的作用。
海藻酸盐是一种生物聚合物,由于其良好的性能,如生物相容性和无毒,在各种生物医学中应用。然而,生物聚合物通常由于其较差的力学性能而受到限制。可以与天然聚合物结合,以提高其机械性能,并调整其降解模式。迄今为止,它在伤口愈合方面的应用特别有吸引力。它可以被定制为具有适合伤口愈合性能的材料。海藻酸盐被用于制备不同形式的伤口敷料,如水凝胶、薄膜、晶圆片、泡沫、纳米纤维和外用制剂。由藻酸盐制备的伤口敷料能够吸收多余的伤口液体,保持生理上的潮湿环境,并最大限度地减少伤口部位的细菌感染。这些伤口敷料的治疗效果受到以下因素的影响:与海藻酸盐结合使用的其他聚合物的比例、使用的交联剂的性质、交联时间、使用的辅料的性质。
丝素蛋白(SF)是一种从家蚕中提取的天然蛋白质聚合物,由一条重链和一条轻链组成,它们通过丝胶涂层结合在一起。SF可以脱胶去除高免疫原性丝胶涂层,并以液体形式降解。液态丝素蛋白可进一步加工成各种载体,如再生纤维、颗粒、薄膜、水凝胶和多孔基质,用于不同的应用。这些过程通常包括在受热或有机溶剂作用下,从随机线圈和α-螺旋(水溶性态)到β-片(水不溶态)的结构转变,从而产生优异的机械性能和改性的给药行为。SF的无毒、非免疫原性、蛋白降解性和机械优势等特性被广泛研究用来作为生物医用材料。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种载青蒿素脂质体的海藻酸盐-丝素蛋白复合水凝胶的制备方法。本发明通过乙醇注射法,以适当比例将青蒿素药物和其他脂质溶于乙醇,注射、蒸发,制备了载有青蒿素药物的脂质体;利用碳酸钠溶液脱胶,选择CaCl2-乙醇-H2O的三元系统搅拌溶解丝素蛋白,离心透析、冷冻干燥制备了丝素蛋白固体;制备藻酸钠溶液,然后将载药脂质体、丝素蛋白、藻酸钠形成混合物,离心超声制备水凝胶。
本发明的具体技术方案为:
一种载青蒿素脂质体的海藻酸盐-丝素蛋白复合水凝胶的制备方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
步骤1:青蒿素脂质体的制备:将PC S100、胆固醇、SA和青蒿素按(25-35):(8-12):(0.8-1.2):1的比例配制10-20ml溶解在的200-300ml无水乙醇中;然后用注射器将溶液缓慢注入PBS缓冲液中并不断搅拌,在45-55℃下蒸发剩余的乙醇;然后将产生的脂质体悬浮液通过聚碳酸酯膜过滤;最后将载青蒿素的脂质体在氮气保护下保存;
步骤2:冻干丝素蛋白的制备:取蚕茧剪碎,在35-45℃的碳酸钠溶液中煮2次,每次煮15-25min;用去离子水彻底冲洗,将所得脱胶丝纤维溶解在摩尔比为1:(1.5-2.5):(7-9)的CaCl2-乙醇-H2O的三元系统中,在75-80℃下搅拌,离心;将上清液置于纤维素管中透析2-4天以去除CaCl2、小分子和其他杂质;收集丝素溶液,冷冻干燥40-50 h,最后得到棉状丝素蛋白,室温下保存在密封容器中;
步骤3:海藻酸钠溶液的制备:将海藻酸钠粉末加入到去离子水中,混合搅拌,直到固体化合物溶解,得到海藻酸钠溶液;
步骤4:载青蒿素脂质体的海藻酸钠-丝素蛋白复合水凝胶的制备:将上述制备的丝素蛋白按3-7 w/v % 浓度溶解于PBS缓冲液中,静置使蛋白链充分拉伸,得到丝素蛋白溶液;将海藻酸钠溶液和丝素蛋白溶液加入到载青蒿素脂质体的水分散体中,形成混合物。轻轻搅拌0.5-1.5 h后,在分散液中加入40-60vol%的甲醇混合使丝素蛋白不溶解,然后离心15-25min取出,洗涤后,以振幅35-45%超声20-40s,制得载青蒿素脂质体的海藻酸盐-丝素蛋白复合水凝胶。
作为优选,步骤1中,步骤1中,将PC S100、胆固醇、SA、青蒿素以30:10:1:1的重量比溶解在无水乙醇中;搅拌温度为45-55℃。
作为优选,步骤1中,聚碳酸酯膜的孔径为0.4微米。
作为优选,步骤2中,碳酸钠溶液的浓度为为0.02M;三元系统中CaCl2、乙醇和H2O的摩尔比为1:2:8;离心时间为10-30分钟,转速为4000-5000 rpm。
作为优选,步骤3中,海藻酸钠粉末为0.5-0.8g,去离子水为30-50ml。
作为优选,步骤3中,搅拌温度为45℃,转速为500-700rpm,搅拌时间10-20分钟。
作为优选,步骤4中,离心时间为15-25分钟;超声振幅40%,超声时间30s。
作为优选,所述PBS缓冲液的pH=7.4。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下技术效果:
1、本发明采用脂质体来进行药物的传输和控释,灵敏度高,可生物降解,不会对人体产生残留物危害,同时可以提高药物的生物利用度,保证药物不会被外界的环境影响而损失;
2、本发明在丝素蛋白水凝胶体系中添加了海藻酸盐聚合物成分,将传统伤口敷料采用的聚合物材料和现代先进的天然聚合物伤口敷料材料结合起来,既改善丝素蛋白水凝胶的物理缺陷,还能赋予复合水凝胶在其它方面的优异性能,实现水凝胶的多功能应用。
3、本发明采用超声处理生成凝胶,没有改变水凝胶的主要二级结构,还加速了丝素蛋白分子从无规卷曲或α螺旋向β片的结构转化,并缩短了凝胶化时间。
4、本发明将负载药物的脂质体与复合水凝胶结合在一起,既可以实现水凝胶对于伤口的药物高效作用,又使得生成的水凝胶具有更好的生物性能和机械性能。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的描述。
实施例1
1)青蒿素脂质体的制备
采用乙醇注射法制备脂质体。将PC S100、胆固醇、SA和青蒿素按30:10:1:1的比例配制10ml溶解在的200ml无水乙醇中。然后用注射器将溶液缓慢注入磷酸盐缓冲液中(PBS,pH 7.4),并不断搅拌,在50℃下蒸发剩余的乙醇。然后,将产生的脂质体悬浮液通过0.4微米聚碳酸酯膜过滤两次。最后,将载青蒿素的脂质体在氮气保护下保存至使用。
2)冻干丝素蛋白的制备
取13个蚕茧剪碎,在40℃,0.02M碳酸钠溶液中煮2次,一次煮20min;用去离子水彻底冲洗。脱胶丝纤维溶解在摩尔比为1:2:8的CaCl2-乙醇-H2O的三元系统中,在78 ℃搅拌。由此产生的蚕丝蛋白离心15min,每分钟4500转;将上清液置于纤维素管中透析3天以去除CaCl2,小分子和其他杂质。然后收集丝素溶液,冷冻干燥48 h,最后得到棉状丝素固体,室温下保存在密封容器中直到使用。
3)海藻酸钠溶液的制备
将0.5g海藻酸钠粉末加入到30ml去离子水中,混合搅拌10min,直到固体化合物溶解。
4)载青蒿素脂质体的海藻酸钠-丝素蛋白复合水凝胶的制备
将上述制备的冻干丝素蛋白按5% (w/v)浓度溶解于pH 7.4的PBS中,放置数小时,使蛋白链充分拉伸。将步骤3制备的海藻酸钠溶液和丝素蛋白溶液加入到载青蒿素脂质体的水分散体中,形成混合物。轻轻搅拌1 h后,在分散液中加入甲醇(50%,v/v)混合使SF不溶解,然后离心15min取出。洗涤两次后,以振幅40%超声30s,制得水凝胶。
由于该方法中青蒿素脂质体和海藻酸钠用量稍低,所以得到的水凝胶创面愈合效果稍差,建立大鼠全层皮肤切除模型,在大鼠的后背制造一个直径1.0cm的创口后的第7天创口结痂;第10天结痂自然脱落,创口面积收缩了92.74%;第17天皮肤创口完全愈合且平整,创口面积收缩比例达到99.51%。拉伸强度为1.33MPa,伸长率可达119.45%;形成的复合水凝胶在2h内迅速吸水膨胀,在5h内达到溶胀平衡。
实施例2
1)青蒿素脂质体的制备
采用乙醇注射法制备脂质体。将PC S100、胆固醇、SA和青蒿素按30:10:1:1的比例配制15ml溶解在的250ml无水乙醇中。然后用注射器将溶液缓慢注入磷酸盐缓冲液中(PBS,pH 7.4),并不断搅拌,在50℃下蒸发剩余的乙醇。然后,将产生的脂质体悬浮液通过0.4微米聚碳酸酯膜过滤两次。最后,将载青蒿素的脂质体在氮气保护下保存至使用。
2)冻干丝素蛋白的制备
取15个蚕茧剪碎,在40℃,0.02M碳酸钠溶液中煮2次,一次煮20min;用去离子水彻底冲洗。脱胶丝纤维溶解在摩尔比为1:2:8的CaCl2-乙醇-H2O的三元系统中,在78 ℃搅拌。由此产生的蚕丝蛋白离心15min,每分钟4500转;将上清液置于纤维素管中透析3天以去除CaCl2,小分子和其他杂质。然后收集丝素溶液,冷冻干燥48 h,最后得到棉状丝素固体,室温下保存在密封容器中直到使用。
3)海藻酸钠溶液的制备
将0.6g海藻酸钠粉末加入到40ml去离子水中,混合搅拌15min,直到固体化合物溶解。
4)载青蒿素脂质体的海藻酸钠-丝素蛋白复合水凝胶的制备
将上述制备的冻干丝素蛋白按5% (w/v)浓度溶解于pH 7.4的PBS中,放置数小时,使蛋白链充分拉伸。将步骤3制备的海藻酸钠溶液和丝素蛋白溶液加入到载青蒿素脂质体的水分散体中,形成混合物。轻轻搅拌1 h后,在分散液中加入甲醇(50%,v/v)混合使SF不溶解,然后离心20min取出。洗涤两次后,以振幅40%超声30s,制得水凝胶。
该方法中青蒿素脂质体和海藻酸钠用量较为合适,所以得到的水凝胶创面愈合效果较好,建立大鼠全层皮肤切除模型,在大鼠的后背制造一个直径1.0cm的创口后的第5天创口结痂;第8天结痂自然脱落,创口面积收缩了93.45%;第15天皮肤创口完全愈合且平整,创口面积收缩比例达到99.87%。拉伸强度为1.45MPa,伸长率可达128.67%;形成的复合水凝胶在2h内迅速吸水膨胀,在5h内达到溶胀平衡。
实施例3
1)青蒿素脂质体的制备
采用乙醇注射法制备脂质体。将PC S100、胆固醇、SA和青蒿素按30:10:1:1的比例配制20ml溶解在的300ml无水乙醇中。然后用注射器将溶液缓慢注入磷酸盐缓冲液中(PBS,pH 7.4),并不断搅拌,在50℃下蒸发剩余的乙醇。然后,将产生的脂质体悬浮液通过0.4微米聚碳酸酯膜过滤两次。最后,将载青蒿素的脂质体在氮气保护下保存至使用。
2)冻干丝素蛋白的制备
取17个蚕茧剪碎,在40℃,0.02M碳酸钠溶液中煮2次,一次煮20min;用去离子水彻底冲洗。脱胶丝纤维溶解在摩尔比为1:2:8的CaCl2-乙醇-H2O的三元系统中,在78 ℃搅拌。由此产生的蚕丝蛋白离心15min,每分钟4500转;将上清液置于纤维素管中透析3天以去除CaCl2,小分子和其他杂质。然后收集丝素溶液,冷冻干燥48 h,最后得到棉状丝素固体,室温下保存在密封容器中直到使用。
3)海藻酸钠溶液的制备
将0.8g海藻酸钠粉末加入到50ml去离子水中,混合搅拌20min,直到固体化合物溶解。
4)载青蒿素脂质体的海藻酸钠-丝素蛋白复合水凝胶的制备
将上述制备的冻干丝素蛋白按5% (w/v)浓度溶解于pH 7.4的PBS中,放置数小时,使蛋白链充分拉伸。将步骤3制备的海藻酸钠溶液和丝素蛋白溶液加入到载青蒿素脂质体的水分散体中,形成混合物。轻轻搅拌1 h后,在分散液中加入甲醇(50%,v/v)混合使SF不溶解,然后离心25min取出。洗涤两次后,以振幅40%超声30s,制得水凝胶。
该方法中青蒿素脂质体和海藻酸钠用量较多,所以得到的水凝胶创面愈合效果很好,建立大鼠全层皮肤切除模型,在大鼠的后背制造一个直径1.0cm的创口后的第4天创口结痂;第7天结痂自然脱落,创口面积收缩了94.21%;第14天皮肤创口完全愈合且平整,创口面积收缩比例达到99.89%。拉伸强度为1.67MPa,伸长率可达131.54%;形成的复合水凝胶在2h内迅速吸水膨胀,在5h内达到溶胀平衡。
本发明中所用原料、设备,若无特别说明,均为本领域的常用原料、设备;本发明中所用方法,若无特别说明,均为本领域的常规方法。
以上所述,仅是本发明的较佳实施例,并非对本发明作任何限制,凡是根据本发明技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、变更以及等效变换,均仍属于本发明技术方案的保护范围。
Claims (8)
1.一种载青蒿素脂质体的海藻酸盐-丝素蛋白复合水凝胶的制备方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
步骤1:青蒿素脂质体的制备:将PC S100、胆固醇、SA和青蒿素按(25-35):(8-12):(0.8-1.2):1的比例配制10-20ml溶解在的200-300ml无水乙醇中;然后用注射器将溶液缓慢注入PBS缓冲液中并不断搅拌,在45-55℃下蒸发剩余的乙醇;然后将产生的脂质体悬浮液通过聚碳酸酯膜过滤;最后将载青蒿素的脂质体在氮气保护下保存;
步骤2:冻干丝素蛋白的制备:取蚕茧剪碎,在35-45℃的碳酸钠溶液中煮2次,每次煮15-25min;用去离子水彻底冲洗,将所得脱胶丝纤维溶解在摩尔比为1:(1.5-2.5):(7-9)的CaCl2-乙醇-H2O的三元系统中,在75-80℃下搅拌,离心;将上清液置于纤维素管中透析2-4天以去除CaCl2、小分子和其他杂质;收集丝素溶液,冷冻干燥40-50 h,最后得到棉状丝素蛋白,室温下保存在密封容器中;
步骤3:海藻酸钠溶液的制备:将海藻酸钠粉末加入到去离子水中,混合搅拌,直到固体化合物溶解,得到海藻酸钠溶液;
步骤4:载青蒿素脂质体的海藻酸钠-丝素蛋白复合水凝胶的制备:将上述制备的丝素蛋白按3-7 w/v % 浓度溶解于PBS缓冲液中,静置使蛋白链充分拉伸,得到丝素蛋白溶液;将海藻酸钠溶液和丝素蛋白溶液加入到载青蒿素脂质体的水分散体中,形成混合物;
轻轻搅拌0.5-1.5 h后,在分散液中加入40-60vol%的甲醇混合使丝素蛋白不溶解,然后离心15-25min取出,洗涤后,以振幅35-45%超声20-40s,制得载青蒿素脂质体的海藻酸盐-丝素蛋白复合水凝胶。
2.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤1中,步骤1中,将PC S100、胆固醇、SA、青蒿素以30:10:1:1的重量比溶解在无水乙醇中;搅拌温度为45-55℃。
3.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤1中,聚碳酸酯膜的孔径为0.4微米。
4.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤2中,碳酸钠溶液的浓度为为0.02M;三元系统中CaCl2、乙醇和H2O的摩尔比为1:2:8;离心时间为10-30分钟,转速为4000-5000rpm。
5.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤3中,海藻酸钠粉末为0.5-0.8g,去离子水为30-50ml。
6.如权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤3中,搅拌温度为45℃,转速为500-700rpm,搅拌时间10-20分钟。
7.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤4中,离心时间为15-25分钟;超声振幅40%,超声时间30s。
8.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述PBS缓冲液的pH=7.4。
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