CN115537251B - 一种合成酯型抗燃液压油及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种合成酯型抗燃液压油及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- -1 polyol ester Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 21
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- FMNZBNCPTJEVDS-KVVVOXFISA-N 2-ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol;(z)-octadec-9-enoic acid Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O FMNZBNCPTJEVDS-KVVVOXFISA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical group CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N TOTP Chemical group CC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010354 butylated hydroxytoluene Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-phenyl aniline Natural products C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003354 benzotriazolyl group Chemical class N1N=NC2=C1C=CC=C2* 0.000 claims description 4
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- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 150000004867 thiadiazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明属于工业润滑油技术领域，涉及一种合成酯型抗燃液压油及其制备方法。本发明合成酯型抗燃液压油所用原料包括三羟甲基丙烷油酸酯60～90％，饱和多元醇酯10～40％，高粘度聚酯0.5～3％，金属纳米添加剂0.01～0.06％，极压抗磨剂0.3～3％，抗氧剂1～5％，金属减活剂0.01～0.05％，抗泡剂0.001～0.01％。与现有抗燃液压油相比，本发明合成酯型抗燃液压油具有更好的抗氧化性能、优异的抗磨性能，适用于各种高压、高温液压工况。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于工业润滑油技术领域，涉及一种合成酯型抗燃液压油及其制备方法。
背景技术
液压油就是利用液体压力能的液压系统使用的液压介质。随着工程设备的技术发展，对液压系统的要求越来越高，液压油工作的环境也越来越苛刻。目前市面上抗燃液压油主要为水乙二醇型、合成酯型及磷酸酯型液压油。其中，水乙二醇型液压油由于其中含有大量的水而限制了其使用温度不能过高，且防锈性能较差；合成酯型液压油主要为三羟甲基丙烷油酸酯或季戊四醇油酸酯，由于分子中存在双键导致液压油的抗氧化性能较差，旋转氧弹(150℃)小于180分钟，尤其在温度较高的环境下，换油周期短，增加了用油成本。
因此，如何提供一种抗氧化性能好、润滑性能优异以及使用寿命长的合成酯型抗燃液压油是本领域技术人员亟待解决的技术难题。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明的目的在于提供一种合成酯型抗燃液压油及其制备方法。通过本发明制备的液压油具有抗氧化性能好、润滑性能优异以及使用寿命长的优点。
需要说明的是，饱和多元醇酯具有较好的抗氧化性能，通过在润滑油中适量添加多元醇酯可显著提高润滑油的高温稳定性，延长油品使用寿命；而高粘度聚酯由于分子中含有极性基团，在金属表面吸附性好，常以抗磨剂使用。
为实现上述技术目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
本发明合成酯型抗燃液压油所用原料，按照质量百分比计，包括：
三羟甲基丙烷油酸酯60～90％，饱和多元醇酯10～40％，高粘度聚酯0.5～3％，金属纳米添加剂0.01～0.06％，极压抗磨剂0.3～3％，抗氧剂1～5％，金属减活剂0.01～0.05％，抗泡剂0.001～0.01％。
可选地，所述饱和多元醇酯为季戊四醇与碳链长度5-12的一元脂肪酸中的至少一种有机酸反应所得。
可选地，所述高粘度聚酯40℃粘度为35000～50000mm2/s。
可选地，所述金属纳米添加剂至少为纳米银、纳米铜、纳米氧化锌中的一种，粒径为10-50nm。
可选地，所述极压抗磨剂至少为磷酸三甲酚酯、二烷基二硫代磷酸酯、硫化烯烃中的一种。
可选地，所述抗氧剂至少为2，6二叔丁基对甲酚、烷基二苯胺、 N-苯基-α萘胺中的一种。
可选地，所述金属减活剂为噻二唑衍生物或苯三唑衍生物。
可选地，所述抗泡剂至少为聚甲基硅油、非硅抗泡剂中的一种。
需要说明的是，所述饱和多元醇酯具有优异的抗氧化能力，可以提高液压油的使用寿命；所述高粘度聚酯可以提高油膜在金属表面的吸附能力，提高油膜的承载力；所述金属纳米添加剂可以提高液压油的导电性，减少静电现象的发生；所述极压抗磨剂可以提高液压油的润滑性能，以保护液压系统；所述抗氧剂可以提升液压油的抗氧化性能，延长使用寿命；所述抗泡剂可以改善液压油的泡沫特性。
与现有技术相比，本发明公开的一种合成酯型抗燃液压油及其制备方法，有益效果如下：
通过在不饱和基础油中加入饱和多元醇酯明显的改善了润滑油的抗氧化性能，延长了油品的使用寿命。通过添加高粘度聚酯，在金属表面吸附了一层保护层，进一步提高了液压油的润滑性能及抗磨性能。
本发明合成酯型抗燃液压油具有更好的抗氧化性能、优异的抗磨性能，适用于各种高压、高温液压工况。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
下面结合实施例对本发明进行描述，但本发明并不仅限于下述实施例。
实施例1
一种合成酯型抗燃液压油，是由以下重量百分比的原料制备得到的：三羟甲基丙烷油酸酯75％，饱和季戊四醇酯(40℃粘度： 45.74mm2/s)21.837％，高粘度聚酯1.5％，纳米银颗粒0.03％，磷酸三甲酚酯0.2％，二烷基二硫代磷酸酯0.3％，2，6二叔丁基对甲酚0.5％，N-苯基-α萘胺0.6％，噻二唑衍生物0.03％，聚甲基硅油0.003％。
制备过程：先在调和釜中加入三羟甲基丙烷油酸酯与饱和季戊四醇酯，搅拌升温至70-80℃，然后依次加入高粘度聚酯、纳米颗粒、极压抗磨剂、抗氧剂、金属减活剂、抗泡剂，搅拌1个小时，即可得到所述合成酯型抗燃液压油。
实施例2
一种合成酯型抗燃液压油，是由以下重量百分比的原料制备得到的：三羟甲基丙烷油酸酯70％，饱和季戊四醇酯(40℃粘度： 45.74mm2/s)26.905％，高粘度聚酯1.2％，纳米银颗粒0.05％，磷酸三甲酚酯0.3％，硫化烯烃0.3％，烷基二苯胺0.8％，N-苯基-α萘胺0.4％，噻二唑衍生物0.04％，非硅抗泡剂0.005％。
制备过程与实施例1相同。
实施例3
一种合成酯型抗燃液压油，是由以下重量百分比的原料制备得到的：三羟甲基丙烷油酸酯80％，饱和季戊四醇酯(40℃粘度： 45.74mm2/s)16.747％，高粘度聚酯1.5％，纳米铜颗粒0.02％，磷酸三甲酚酯0.5％，二烷基二硫代磷酸酯0.1％，2，6二叔丁基对甲酚0.6％，烷基二苯胺0.5％，苯三唑衍生物0.03％，聚甲基硅油0.003％。
制备过程与实施例1相同。
实施例4
一种合成酯型抗燃液压油，是由以下重量百分比的原料制备得到的：三羟甲基丙烷油酸酯65％，饱和季戊四醇酯(40℃粘度： 45.74mm2/s)32.035％，高粘度聚酯1.2％，纳米铜颗粒0.03％，二烷基二硫代磷酸酯0.4％，硫化烯烃0.3％，2，6二叔丁基对甲酚0.8％，N-苯基-α萘胺0.2％，苯三唑衍生物0.03％，聚甲基硅油0.005％。
制备过程与实施例1相同。
将上述实施例1～4所得的抗燃液压油进行如下测试，具体测试数据如表1所示。通过旋转氧弹测试可以发现，本发明制备的液压油抗氧化性能得到了明显的提升，以说明所述液压油具有较长的使用寿命和换油周期。
表1
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。
Claims (6)
1.一种合成酯型抗燃液压油，其特征在于，按照质量百分比计，包括：三羟甲基丙烷油酸酯80％，饱和多元醇酯16.747％，高粘度聚酯1.5％，金属纳米添加剂0.02％，极压抗磨剂0.6％，抗氧剂1.1％，金属减活剂0.03％，抗泡剂0.003％；
所述饱和多元醇酯为饱和季戊四醇酯；
所述金属纳米添加剂为纳米铜颗粒；
所述极压抗磨剂为磷酸三甲酚酯、二烷基二硫代磷酸酯；
所述抗氧剂为2，6二叔丁基对甲酚和烷基二苯胺；
所述合成酯型抗燃液压油的制备方法，包括如下步骤：先将三羟甲基丙烷油酸酯与饱和多元醇酯，搅拌混合后升温至70-80℃；然后依次加入高粘度聚酯、金属纳米添加剂、极压抗磨剂、抗氧剂、金属减活剂和抗泡剂，搅拌1小时，即得到所述合成酯型抗燃液压油。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种合成酯型抗燃液压油，其特征在于，所述饱和多元醇酯为季戊四醇与有机酸反应所得，所述有机酸至少为碳链长度5-12的一元脂肪酸中的一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种合成酯型抗燃液压油，其特征在于，所述高粘度聚酯40℃粘度为35000～50000mm2/s。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种合成酯型抗燃液压油，其特征在于，所述金属纳米添加剂的粒径为10-50nm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种合成酯型抗燃液压油，其特征在于，所述金属减活剂为噻二唑衍生物或苯三唑衍生物。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种合成酯型抗燃液压油，其特征在于，所述抗泡剂至少为聚甲基硅油、非硅抗泡剂中的一种。
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