CN115521717B - 异质结电池用反应性共挤胶膜及其制备方法、组件 - Google Patents
异质结电池用反应性共挤胶膜及其制备方法、组件 Download PDFInfo
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- CN115521717B CN115521717B CN202211241101.9A CN202211241101A CN115521717B CN 115521717 B CN115521717 B CN 115521717B CN 202211241101 A CN202211241101 A CN 202211241101A CN 115521717 B CN115521717 B CN 115521717B
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- adhesive film
- polyurethane
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J7/20—Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by their carriers
- C09J7/22—Plastics; Metallised plastics
- C09J7/24—Plastics; Metallised plastics based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C09J7/241—Polyolefin, e.g.rubber
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J175/00—Adhesives based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J175/04—Polyurethanes
- C09J175/08—Polyurethanes from polyethers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J7/30—Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by the adhesive composition
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
- H01L31/0481—Encapsulation of modules characterised by the composition of the encapsulation material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract
本发明属于异质结电池技术领域,具体涉及一种异质结电池用反应性共挤胶膜及其制备方法、组件,包括:依次层叠的聚氨酯粘接层和聚烯烃基体层;其中所述聚氨酯粘接层中聚氨酯由异氰酸酯和多元醇合成;本发明的异质结电池用反应性共挤胶膜及其制备方法、组件通过选择由异氰酸酯和多元醇制备得到的聚氨酯作为粘接层,大大提升了与HJT电池片的粘结力,同时也提升了耐老化和耐腐蚀的性能,拓宽了HJT异质结电池的应用环境。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于异质结电池技术领域,具体涉及一种异质结电池用反应性共挤胶膜及其制备方法、组件。
背景技术
异质结电池表层为复合ITO层,常规EVA或POE胶膜对其浸润性差,难黏结。使用的低温铜栅线或铜电镀工艺易氧化的缺点和异质结电池易受水汽影响发生腐蚀,导致其对封装胶膜要求更严苛。针对抗腐蚀HJT封装胶膜,目前行业还没涉及到。
目前主要使用巯基硅烷,巯基与金属具有较好的粘结性,但是巯基对于胶膜层压交联反应发生链转移,导致交联度不满足要求,老化后脱层。
因此亟需一种耐腐蚀耐老化的异质结电池用封装胶膜。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种异质结电池用反应性共挤胶膜及其制备方法、组件,以解决现有巯基硅烷异质结电池用封装胶膜不耐老的问题。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提供了一种异质结电池用反应性共挤胶膜,包括:依次层叠的聚氨酯粘接层和聚烯烃基体层;其中所述聚氨酯粘接层中聚氨酯由异氰酸酯和多元醇合成。
又一方面,本发明还提供了一种异质结电池用反应性共挤胶膜的制备方法,包括如下步骤:步骤S1,分别利用双螺杆制备聚氨酯粘接层原料和利用单螺杆制备聚烯烃基体层;步骤S2,将步骤S1中制得的原料均匀挤出,通过带有共挤的设备分配器的模具挤出,得到如前所述的异质结电池用反应性共挤胶膜。
第三方面,本发明还提供了一种HJT组件,包括如前所述的异质结电池用反应性共挤胶膜。
本发明的有益效果是,本发明的异质结电池用反应性共挤胶膜及其制备方法、组件通过选择由异氰酸酯和多元醇制备得到的聚氨酯作为粘接层,大大提升了与HJT电池片的粘结力,同时也提升了耐老化和耐腐蚀的性能,拓宽了HJT异质结电池的应用环境。
本发明的其他特征和优点将在随后的说明书中阐述,并且,部分地从说明书中变得显而易见,或者通过实施本发明而了解。
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能更明显易懂,下文特举较佳实施例,并配合所附附图,作详细说明如下。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明具体实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对具体实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施方式,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明的异质结电池用反应性共挤胶膜的制备方法的工艺流程图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合附图对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明提供了一种异质结电池用反应性共挤胶膜,包括:依次层叠的聚氨酯粘接层和聚烯烃基体层;其中所述聚氨酯粘接层中聚氨酯由异氰酸酯和多元醇合成。
在本实施例中,具体的,所述异氰酸酯的结构为脂肪族、脂环族中的任意一种,包括:六亚甲基二异氰酸酯HDI,异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯IPDI,4,4’-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯HMDI,三官六亚甲基二异氰酸酯HDI,该结构的异氰酸酯制备为聚氨酯后可有效解决胶膜老化过程中的黄变问题,脂肪族和脂环族结构中没有苯环结构,苯环结构在老化过程中变成醌式结构而黄变;所述多元醇为聚四氢呋喃二元醇PTMG和/或聚丙二醇PPG、小分子二元醇和具有疏水结构的有机硅或含氟醇的组合物;所述小分子二元醇包括乙二醇、1,4-丁二醇、新戊二醇中的一种或多种;其中所述有机硅包括羟基硅油;所述氟醇为全氟十醇、全氟辛基乙醇、全氟己基乙醇和全氟丁基乙醇中的一种或多种。
在本实施例中,具体的,所述聚氨酯粘接层的制备方法包括:步骤S1,将PTMG、PPG、羟基硅油、氟醇、小分子二元醇和催化剂混合在A罐,于80~85℃保温;步骤S2,将异氰酸酯投入B罐,于50~65℃保温;步骤S3,利用计量泵依次将A罐和B罐内物料吸出进行双螺杆,温度区间为110~160℃,设定NCO/OH的比值R值为0.98-0.99,其中R值可以体现反应程度以及对应的分子量,得到聚氨酯粘接层原料。
在本实施例中,具体的,所述催化剂包括有机金属催化剂和叔胺催化剂,其中有机金属催化剂包括有机锡、有机铋和有机锌;所述有机锡包括二丁基锡二月桂酸酯,二醋酸二丁基锡,辛酸亚锡;所述有机铋包括美国领先BiCAT 8118、8108、8124、8106;所述有机锌包括美国领先BiCAT3228。叔胺催化剂包括三亚乙基二胺、四甲基亚烷基二胺、三乙胺、吗啉类催化剂和哌嗪类衍生物催化剂中的一种或多种。
在本实施例中,具体的,所述聚烯烃基体层包括聚烯烃树脂,为乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物、乙烯-辛烯共聚物、乙烯-丁烯共聚物中的一种或多种;所述聚烯烃树脂的熔指为3~25g/10min;以及每100份聚烯烃树脂包括如下质量份数的组分:交联剂0.3~1份,为过氧化2-乙基己基碳酸叔丁酯、过氧化(2-乙基己基)碳酸叔戊酯中的一种或多种;助交联剂0.3~1.5份,为三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯、三烯丙基氰脲酸酯和三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯中的一种或多种;偶联剂0.1~0.5份,为γ-甲基丙烯酰氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、γ-(2,3环氧丙氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷、γ-(2,3环氧丙氧)丙基甲基二甲氧基硅烷、γ-(2,-3-环氧丙氧)丙基三乙氧基硅烷、γ-(2,3-环氧丙氧)丙基甲基二乙氧基硅烷中的一种或几种;紫外吸收剂0.05~0.5份,为邻羟基二苯甲酮类、苯并三唑类、水杨酸酯类、三嗪类和取代丙烯晴类中的一种或多种。
在本实施例中,具体的,还包括纳米碱性多层氧化物,优选双金属复合氧化物MgAl-LDO、碱性二氧化锰纳米片、双羟基金属氧化物LDH;其中所述纳米碱性多层氧化物在60~100℃的碱性硅烷(碱性环境条件下可以加快硅烷对纳米碱性多层氧化物的包覆率及效果)对聚烯烃树脂进行表面处理,得到包覆率为3~5%的抗腐蚀体系(效果等同于双金属氧化物/氢氧化物)。
可选的,所述纳米碱性多层氧化物也可选用纳米氧化锌、氢氧化铝、氢氧化镁、氧化镁、氧化铝、氧化锆。
在本实施例中,具体的,所述碱性硅烷为氨基硅烷,包括:氨甲基二甲基乙氧基硅烷、氨甲基二乙氧基硅烷、氨甲基三乙氧基硅烷、苯胺甲基三甲氧基硅烷、苯胺甲基三乙氧基硅烷、γ-氨丙基甲基二甲氧基硅烷、γ-氨丙基甲基二乙氧基硅烷、γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷、γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷、γ-(β-氨乙基)氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷、γ-(β-氨乙基)氨丙基甲基二甲氧基硅烷、γ-(β-氨乙基)氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷、γ-氨乙基氨乙基氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷、γ-脲丙基三乙氧基硅烷、二(3-三甲氧基甲硅烷基丙基)胺、二乙烯三胺基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、N-苯基-3-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷、3-哌嗪基丙基甲基二甲氧基硅烷。
以下将结合实施例和对比例,进一步说明本申请的有益效果。
实施例1
实施例1提供了异质结电池用反应性共挤胶膜及其制备方法、组件,其中,所述制备方法,包括如下步骤:
按照以下重量份提供聚氨酯粘结层的各原料:步骤T1,将PTMG(Mn=2000g/mol)500份、羟基硅油(Mn=2000g/mol)500份、氟醇(Mn=500g/mol)25份、小分子二元醇乙二醇(Mn=62g/mol)62份和催化剂(辛酸亚锡+三亚乙基二胺0.15%wt)混合在A罐,于80~85℃保温;步骤T2,将异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯IPDI(Mn=222g/mol)348份投入B罐,于50~65℃保温;步骤S3,利用计量泵依次将A罐和B罐内物料吸出进行双螺杆,温度区间为110~160℃,得到R值为0.98的聚氨酯粘结层。
按照以下重量份提供聚烯烃基体层的各原料:乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物100份、过氧化2-乙基己基碳酸叔丁酯0.5份、三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯0.45份+三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯0.6份、γ-甲基丙烯酰氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷0.3份、邻羟基二苯甲酮类0.1份和碱性硅烷处理的双金属复合氧化物MgAl-LDO 1份;
将按比例混合的粘结层的物料在双螺杆里实现反应性挤出和按比例混合的基体层的物料投入单螺杆挤出机内进行熔融,共同输送至共挤模头,模头入口的分配器将聚氨酯粘结层的熔融后的物料分配至上层,将基体层的熔融后的物料分配至下层,并且输送至同一共挤模头出口处汇合,利用压花辊(温度为55~65℃)进行牵引、冷却辊(温度为45~55℃)进行冷却成膜,制得封装HJT电池用封装胶膜。其中粘结层的厚度0.1-0.3mm和聚烯烃基体层的厚度0.3-0.5mm不局限于此,可根据实际需求进行调整。
其中,按聚氨酯粘结层的双螺杆的各区温度设置为:Ⅰ区110~20℃、Ⅱ区120~140℃、Ⅲ区140~150℃、Ⅳ区150~160℃、V区130~155℃、Ⅵ区120~130℃、机头120℃;按比例混合的基体层的物料投入的单螺杆挤出机的各区温度设置为:Ⅰ区55~100℃、Ⅱ区65~110℃、Ⅲ区70~115℃、Ⅳ区75~120℃、V区80~125℃、Ⅵ区90~125℃、机头120℃经分配器得到异质结封装胶膜。
实施例2
实施例2提供了异质结电池用反应性共挤胶膜及其制备方法、组件,区别仅在于聚氨酯粘结层、聚烯烃基体层的组分和用量不同。
按照以下重量份提供聚氨酯粘结层的各原料:步骤T1,将PTMG(Mn=2000g/mol)500份、羟基硅油(Mn=2000g/mol)500份、氟醇(Mn=500g/mol)25份、小分子二元醇乙二醇(Mn=62g/mol)62份和催化剂(辛酸亚锡+三亚乙基二胺0.15%wt)混合在A罐,于80~85℃保温;步骤T2,将4,4’-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯HMDI(Mn=262g/mol)410份投入B罐,于50~65℃保温;步骤S3,利用计量泵依次将A罐和B罐内物料吸出进行双螺杆,温度区间为110~160℃,得到R值为0.98的聚氨酯粘结层。
按照以下重量份提供聚烯烃基体层的各原料:乙烯-辛烯共聚物100份、过氧化2-乙基己基碳酸叔丁酯0.5份、三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯0.45份+三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯0.6份、γ-甲基丙烯酰氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷0.3份、邻羟基二苯甲酮类0.1份和碱性硅烷处理的双金属复合氧化物MgAl-LDO 1份;
碱性硅烷处理双金属复合氧化物MgAl-LDO,γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷与双金属复合氧化物MgAl-LDO在85℃的碱性硅烷得到包覆率为5%的抗腐蚀体系。
实施例3
实施例3提供了异质结电池用反应性共挤胶膜及其制备方法、组件,区别仅在于聚氨酯粘结层、聚烯烃基体层的组分和用量不同。
按照以下重量份提供聚氨酯粘结层的各原料:步骤T1,将PPG(Mn=2000g/mol)500份、羟基硅油(Mn=2000g/mol)500份、氟醇(Mn=500g/mol)25份、小分子二元醇乙二醇(Mn=62g/mol)62份和催化剂(丁基锡二月桂酸酯+三亚乙基二胺0.15%wt)混合在A罐,于80~85℃保温;步骤T2,将4六亚甲基二异氰酸酯HDI(Mn=168g/mol)264份投入B罐,于50~65℃保温;步骤S3,利用计量泵依次将A罐和B罐内物料吸出进行双螺杆,温度区间为110~160℃,得到R值为0.98的聚氨酯粘结层。
按照以下重量份提供聚烯烃基体层的各原料:乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物100份、过氧化2-乙基己基碳酸叔丁酯0.5份、三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯0.45份+三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯0.6份、γ-甲基丙烯酰氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷0.3份、邻羟基二苯甲酮类0.1份和碱性硅烷处理的双金属复合氧化物MgAl-LDO 1份;
碱性硅烷处理双金属复合氧化物MgAl-LDO,γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷与双金属复合氧化物MgAl-LDO在85℃的碱性硅烷得到包覆率为5%的抗腐蚀体系。
实施例4
实施例4提供了异质结电池用反应性共挤胶膜及其制备方法、组件,区别仅在于聚氨酯粘结层、聚烯烃基体层的组分和用量不同。
按照以下重量份提供聚氨酯粘结层的各原料:步骤T1,将PPG(Mn=2000g/mol)500份、羟基硅油(Mn=2000g/mol)1000份、氟醇(Mn=500g/mol)25份、小分子二元醇乙二醇(Mn=62g/mol)62份和催化剂(丁基锡二月桂酸酯+三亚乙基二胺0.15%wt)混合在A罐,于80~85℃保温;步骤T2,将4六亚甲基二异氰酸酯HDI(Mn=168g/mol)305份投入B罐,于50~65℃保温;步骤S3,利用计量泵依次将A罐和B罐内物料吸出进行双螺杆,温度区间为110~160℃,得到R值为0.98的聚氨酯粘结层。
按照以下重量份提供聚烯烃基体层的各原料:乙烯-辛烯共聚物100份、过氧化2-乙基己基碳酸叔丁酯0.5份、三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯0.45份+三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯0.6份、γ-甲基丙烯酰氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷0.3份、邻羟基二苯甲酮类0.1份和碱性硅烷处理的双金属复合氧化物MgAl-LDO 1份;
实施例5
实施例5提供了异质结电池用反应性共挤胶膜及其制备方法、组件,区别仅在于聚氨酯粘结层、聚烯烃基体层的组分和用量不同。
按照以下重量份提供聚氨酯粘结层的各原料:步骤T1,将PTMG(Mn=2000g/mol)1000份、羟基硅油(Mn=2000g/mol)200份、氟醇(Mn=500g/mol)25份、小分子二元醇1,4-丁二醇(Mn=90g/mol)135份和催化剂(丁基锡二月桂酸酯+三亚乙基二胺0.15%wt)混合在A罐,于80~85℃保温;步骤T2,将4六亚甲基二异氰酸酯HDI(Mn=168g/mol)362份投入B罐,于50~65℃保温;步骤S3,利用计量泵依次将A罐和B罐内物料吸出进行双螺杆,温度区间为110~160℃,得到R值为0.98的聚氨酯粘结层。
按照以下重量份提供聚烯烃基体层的各原料:乙烯-辛烯共聚物100份、过氧化2-乙基己基碳酸叔丁酯0.5份、三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯0.45份+三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯0.6份、γ-甲基丙烯酰氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷0.3份、邻羟基二苯甲酮类0.1份和碱性硅烷处理的双金属复合氧化物MgAl-LDO 1份;
实施例6
实施例6提供了异质结电池用反应性共挤胶膜及其制备方法、组件,区别仅在于聚氨酯粘结层、聚烯烃基体层的组分和用量不同。
按照以下重量份提供聚氨酯粘结层的各原料:步骤T1,将PTMG(Mn=2000g/mol)500份、羟基硅油(Mn=2000g/mol)500份、氟醇(Mn=500g/mol)25份、小分子二元醇1,4-丁二醇(Mn=90g/mol)90份和催化剂(丁基锡二月桂酸酯+三亚乙基二胺0.15%wt)混合在A罐,于80~85℃保温;步骤T2,将4,4’-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯HMDI(Mn=262g/mol)410份投入B罐,于50~65℃保温;步骤S3,利用计量泵依次将A罐和B罐内物料吸出进行双螺杆,温度区间为110~160℃,得到R值为0.98的聚氨酯粘结层。
按照以下重量份提供聚烯烃基体层的各原料:乙烯-辛烯共聚物100份、过氧化2-乙基己基碳酸叔丁酯0.5份、三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯0.6份、γ-甲基丙烯酰氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷0.3份、邻羟基二苯甲酮类0.1份和碱性硅烷处理的双金属复合氧化物MgAl-LDO 1.5份;
比较例1
对比例1:无聚氨酯粘结层,聚烯烃基体层的封装胶膜为厚度为600μm的EVA层,该EVA层的组分和配比同实施例1中的EVA层。
比较例2
对比例2:无聚氨酯粘结层,聚烯烃基体层的封装胶膜为厚度为560μm的POE层,该POE层的组分和配比同实施例2中的POE层。
比较例3
对比例3:无聚氨酯粘结层,聚烯烃基体层的封装胶膜为厚度为540μm的EVA层,该EVA层的组分和配比较实施例1中的EVA层,没有MgAl-LDO,只有碱性硅烷。
1、体积电阻率:将封装胶膜按145℃、抽真空5min+层压12min的层压条件层压,层压后厚度0.5mm。将层压后的样品裁切成8cm*8cm的尺寸,放置在25℃、50%相对湿度的环境下24小时。根据IEC62788-1-2的标准,采用KEITHLEY 6517B高阻仪测试样品在1000V、5分钟的极化时间下体积电阻率。取三个样品的算术平均值作为胶膜的体积电阻率。
2、酸值测试:EVA胶膜中游离醋酸含量的测定总体可分为两个步骤:1)醋酸溶出;2)醋酸含量测定。醋酸溶出,将层压好的胶膜做湿热老化。乙醇和水的混合液超声溶出。醋酸含量测定,使用滴定法氢氧化钾溶液中和游离的醋酸,可测试被溶出的醋酸含量。邻苯二甲酸氢钾溶液中加入酚酞指示剂来标定KOH溶液。
3、封装材料与异质结电池的剥离强度
测试方法参考国家标准GB/T2790《胶粘剂180°剥离强度试验方法挠性材料对刚性材料》。封装胶膜与电池的剥离强度样品制作:取2.0mm压花、异质结电池、封装胶膜、背板,按“压花玻璃/胶膜样品/HJT电池片/双面离型膜/胶膜/KPC背板”的次序放入层压机,其中聚氨酯粘结层与HJT电池表面接触,聚烯烃基体层与背板表面接触,层压参数145℃抽5min层压12min。其中,双面离型膜在HJT电池表面间隔1cm距离,12cm长的缺口以保证封装胶膜与电池片接触1cm宽度的若干长条。使用CMT2203型万能电子拉伸机,并根据GB/T 2790-1995规定的实验步骤,拉伸速度为100mm/min,测试3个平行试验取算术平均值,得到封装胶膜样品阻隔层与HJT电池片的剥离强度。
4、老化异质结电池的剥离强度
先制作封装胶膜与电池的剥离强度样品,将样品放入干热150℃烘箱24h,湿热老化PCT的箱子里(121℃100RH)24h和UV 30kW/h的老化箱里
5、封装胶膜的单玻组件外观评估
使用封装胶膜进行单玻组件封装试验,按玻璃/封装材料(聚氨酯粘结层贴电池片)/电池片/封装胶膜(聚烯烃基体层贴背板)/背板的次序放入真空层压机内,层压参数145℃抽真空5min层压12min。观察单玻组件的溢白、褶皱、裂片等外观情况。隐裂可通过EL测试确认。
在本实施例中,具体的,所述异质结电池用反应性共挤胶膜的PCT96h老化后,游离酸释放量<100ppm;常规胶膜与PERC电池片的剥离强度>60N/cm,但是与HJT的剥离力在30N/cm左右,老化之后剥离力<10N/cm,因此无法应用于HJT电池中,所述异质结电池用反应性共挤胶膜的聚氨酯粘接层与HJT电池片的剥离力≥45N/cm,聚烯烃基体层与玻璃/背板的剥离力≥60N/cm;所述异质结电池用反应性共挤胶膜在湿热/干热以及UV老化之后与HJT电池片的剥离力≥30N/cm。
本发明还提供了一种异质结电池用反应性共挤胶膜的制备方法,包括如下步骤:步骤S1,分别利用双螺杆制备聚氨酯粘接层原料和利用单螺杆制备聚烯烃基体层;步骤S2,将步骤S1中制得的原料均匀挤出,通过带有共挤的设备分配器的模具挤出,得到如前所述的异质结电池用反应性共挤胶膜。
本发明还提供了一种HJT组件,包括如前所述的异质结电池用反应性共挤胶膜。
综上所述,本发明的异质结电池用反应性共挤胶膜及其制备方法、组件通过选择由异氰酸酯和多元醇制备得到的聚氨酯作为粘接层,大大提升了与HJT电池片的粘结力,同时也提升了耐老化和耐腐蚀的性能,拓宽了HJT异质结电池的应用环境。
以上述依据本发明的理想实施例为启示,通过上述的说明内容,相关工作人员完全可以在不偏离本项发明技术思想的范围内,进行多样的变更以及修改。本项发明的技术性范围并不局限于说明书上的内容,必须要根据权利要求范围来确定其技术性范围。
Claims (6)
1.一种异质结电池用反应性共挤胶膜,其特征在于,包括:
依次层叠的聚氨酯粘接层和聚烯烃基体层;其中
所述聚氨酯粘接层中聚氨酯由异氰酸酯和多元醇合成;
所述异氰酸酯为六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI),异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI),4,4’-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯(HMDI)中的一种;
所述多元醇为聚四氢呋喃二元醇(PTMG)和/或聚丙二醇(PPG)、小分子二元醇、有机硅、氟醇的组合物;其中
所述小分子二元醇包括乙二醇、1,4-丁二醇、新戊二醇中的一种或多种;
所述有机硅包括羟基硅油;
所述氟醇为全氟十醇、全氟辛基乙醇、全氟己基乙醇和全氟丁基乙醇中的一种或多种;
所述聚氨酯粘接层的制备方法包括:
步骤S1,将PTMG和/或PPG、羟基硅油、氟醇、小分子二元醇和催化剂混合在A罐,于80~85℃保温;
步骤S2,将异氰酸酯投入B罐,于50~65℃保温;
步骤S3,利用计量泵依次将A罐和B罐内物料吸出进行双螺杆,温度区间为110~160℃,设定R值为0.98-0.99,得到聚氨酯粘接层原料;
所述聚烯烃基体层包括100份聚烯烃树脂,聚烯烃树脂为乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物、乙烯-α烯烃共聚物、乙烯-丙烯酸酯共聚物、乙烯-丁二烯共聚物中的一种或多种;
所述聚烯烃树脂的熔指为3~25g/10min;以及
交联剂0.3~1份,为过氧化2-乙基己基碳酸叔丁酯、过氧化(2-乙基己基)碳酸叔戊酯中的一种或多种;
助交联剂0.3~1.5份,为三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯、三烯丙基氰脲酸酯和三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯中的一种或多种;
偶联剂0.1~0.5份,为γ-甲基丙烯酰氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、γ-(2,3-环氧丙氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷、γ-(2,3环氧丙氧)丙基甲基二甲氧基硅烷、γ-(2,3-环氧丙氧)丙基三乙氧基硅烷、γ-(2,3-环氧丙氧)丙基甲基二乙氧基硅烷中的一种或几种;
紫外吸收剂0.05~0.5份,为邻羟基二苯甲酮类、苯并三唑类、水杨酸酯类、三嗪类和取代丙烯晴类中的一种或多种;
聚烯烃基体层还包括碱性硅烷处理双金属复合氧化物MgAl LDO。
2.如权利要求1所述的异质结电池用反应性共挤胶膜,其特征在于,
所述催化剂包括有机金属催化剂和叔胺催化剂,其中有机金属催化剂包括有机锡、有机铋和有机锌,叔胺催化剂包括三亚乙基二胺、四甲基亚烷基二胺、三乙胺、吗啉类催化剂和哌嗪类衍生物催化剂中的一种或多种。
3.如权利要求1所述的异质结电池用反应性共挤胶膜,其特征在于,
所述碱性硅烷为氨基硅烷,包括:氨甲基二甲基乙氧基硅烷、氨甲基甲基二乙氧基硅烷、氨甲基三乙氧基硅烷、苯胺甲基三甲氧基硅烷、苯胺甲基三乙氧基硅烷、γ-氨丙基甲基二甲氧基硅烷、γ-氨丙基甲基二乙氧基硅烷、γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷、γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷、γ-(β-氨乙基)氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷、γ-(β-氨乙基)氨丙基甲基二甲氧基硅烷、γ-(β-氨乙基)氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷、γ-氨乙基氨乙基氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷、γ-脲丙基三乙氧基硅烷、二(3-三甲氧基甲硅烷基丙基)胺、二乙烯三胺基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、N-苯基-3-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷、3-哌嗪基丙基甲基二甲氧基硅烷、低聚氨基硅烷。
4.如权利要求1-3任一项所述的异质结电池用反应性共挤胶膜,其特征在于,
所述异质结电池用反应性共挤胶膜的PCT96h老化后,游离酸释放量<
100ppm;
所述异质结电池用反应性共挤胶膜的聚氨酯粘接层与异质结HJT电池片的剥离力≥45N/cm,聚烯烃基体层与玻璃/背板的剥离力≥60N/cm;
所述异质结电池用反应性共挤胶膜在湿热/干热以及UV老化之后与HJT电池片的剥离力≥30N/cm。
5.一种如权利要求1所述异质结电池用反应性共挤胶膜的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
步骤S1,分别利用双螺杆制备聚氨酯粘接层原料和利用单螺杆制备聚烯烃基体层;
步骤S2,将步骤S1中制得的原料均匀挤出,通过带有共挤的设备分配器的模具挤出,得到如权利要求1所述的异质结电池用反应性共挤胶膜。
6.一种HJT组件,其特征在于,包括如权利要求1所述的异质结电池用反应性共挤胶膜。
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