CN115500222B - Cultivation method of high-quality tomatoes - Google Patents
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- CN115500222B CN115500222B CN202211461899.8A CN202211461899A CN115500222B CN 115500222 B CN115500222 B CN 115500222B CN 202211461899 A CN202211461899 A CN 202211461899A CN 115500222 B CN115500222 B CN 115500222B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cultivation method of high-quality tomatoes, belonging to the field of vegetable cultivation methods. The cultivation method can improve the sugar content of the tomatoes and the sugar-acid ratio of the tomatoes, wherein the soluble total sugar content of the tomatoes is 5.49-5.62%, the organic acid content is 0.70-0.73%, and the sugar-acid ratio is 7.52-8.03. The cultivation method can improve the properties of the tomato fruits and can improve the average fruit diameter, the average single fruit weight and the color conversion rate of the tomato, the average fruit diameter of the tomato is 82.3-83.6mm, the average single fruit weight is 344-361g, and the color conversion rate is 95.8-97.6%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a cultivation method of high-quality tomatoes, and belongs to the field of vegetable cultivation methods.
Background
Tomatoes are one of main vegetable cultivation types in facility agriculture, contain various vitamins and mineral substances required by human beings, and are well favored by people, but with the rapid development of facility cultivation, many vegetable growers aim at high input and high yield, unreasonable fertilization is performed, and the yield is pursued blindly, so that the quality of facility vegetables is reduced.
The edible and tasteless tomato is the main evaluation of people on greenhouse tomatoes at present, so that the cultivation of high-quality tomatoes is necessary, the sugar content is an important factor in various indexes of the tomato quality, sucrose is a main photosynthetic product formed in tomato leaves, is also a main substrate for sugar metabolism in fruits and a main form for carbohydrate transportation, and besides the genotype difference among different tomatoes, the difference of the cultivation modes can also influence the tomato quality.
Researches show that in the growth cycle of tomatoes, high potassium treatment can be carried out on the tomatoes, namely the using amount of a potassium fertilizer is increased, or a potassium nutrient solution is additionally applied besides conventional fertilization, the high potassium treatment can not only improve the activities of leaf acid invertase, leaf sucrose phosphate synthase and sucrose synthase at the early stage of tomato cultivation, but also improve the activity of fruit invertase at the later stage, and the high potassium treatment can improve the content of soluble total sugar in tomato fruits, and the sugar-acid ratio of the tomato fruits is also improved, so that the taste of the tomatoes is improved.
CN105961020A discloses a method for cultivating high-sugar tomatoes in bags in a sunlight greenhouse, which improves the consumption of potash fertilizers in the cultivation period, increases the soluble total sugar content and the sugar-acid ratio in the harvested tomato fruits to a certain extent, and as seen from the results, although the yield of a single plant is improved, the unit weight of the harvested fruits is reduced due to the improvement of the fruit setting rate.
In summary, in the prior art, the soluble total sugar content and the sugar-acid ratio in the tomato fruit can be improved through high potassium treatment, but the tomato fruit cannot be fully expanded, and the single weight of the tomato fruit is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and the tomatoes are cultivated through potassium nutrient solution treatment and root hypoxia stress treatment, so that the soluble total sugar content and the sugar-acid ratio in the tomato fruits are improved, the fruit unit weight is improved, and the probability of incomplete expansion of the tomato fruits is reduced.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for cultivating high-quality tomatoes comprises potassium nutrient solution treatment and root hypoxia stress treatment.
The following is a further improvement of the above technical scheme:
the potassium nutrient solution treatment comprises flowering phase treatment and fruit expansion phase treatment;
in the step of treating the potassium nutrient solution, the method for treating the flowering phase comprises the following steps of irrigating the roots of the tomatoes with the potassium nutrient solution after the tomatoes are transplanted to a facility and field-planted and bud in the first flower, wherein the irrigation amount of each tomato is 1.4-1.6kg, the tomatoes are irrigated every 4-6 days for 2 times in total, and the irrigation time is 30-9% in the morning;
the preparation method of the potassium nutrient solution comprises the following steps:
mixing 0.095-0.105kg of potassium nitrate, 0.250-0.300kg of monopotassium phosphate, 0.055-0.065kg of magnesium sulfate, 0.135-0.150kg of zinc sulfate, 0.230-0.240kg of ferrous lactate, 0.190-0.200kg of ammonium molybdate, 1.30-1.40kg of dopamine-treated chitosan oligosaccharide and 950-1050kg of deionized water, and stirring uniformly to obtain a potassium nutrient solution;
the preparation method of the dopamine-treated chitosan oligosaccharide comprises the following steps:
mixing 4.5-5.5kg of chitosan oligosaccharide and 180-220kg of deionized water, stirring to completely dissolve the chitosan oligosaccharide, then adding 1.45-1.55kg of sodium periodate, stirring in the dark for 3.0-4.0h, stirring, then precipitating by using ethanol, controlling the temperature to be 70-80 ℃ after precipitation, drying for 7-9h to obtain oxidized chitosan oligosaccharide, mixing 4.5-5.5kg of oxidized chitosan oligosaccharide and 450-550kg of deionized water for dissolution, then adding 11.5-12.5kg of dopamine hydrochloride, stirring for 10-14h, stirring, precipitating by using ethanol, controlling the temperature to be 70-80 ℃ after precipitation, drying for 7-9h to obtain dopamine-treated chitosan oligosaccharide;
in the step of treating the potassium nutrient solution, the method for treating the fruit expanding period comprises the following steps of irrigating the roots of the tomatoes with the potassium nutrient solution when the first cluster of the tomatoes begins to expand and the third cluster of the tomatoes begins to bear fruit, wherein the irrigation amount of each tomato is 1.8-2.2kg, the tomatoes are irrigated once every 4-6 days for 2 times in total, the irrigation time is 9-00 in the morning, and meanwhile, the potassium nutrient solution is sprayed to the leaves of the tomatoes on the 2 nd day of each irrigation of the tomato roots, the spraying amount of each tomato is 0.4-0.6kg, and the spraying time is 30-13% in the afternoon.
The root hypoxia stress treatment comprises flowering phase treatment and fruit expansion phase treatment;
in the root hypoxia stress treatment step, the method for treatment in the flowering phase comprises the following steps of after transplanting tomatoes to a facility for permanent planting and after a first flower bud emerges, covering a mulching film on the soil at the root of the tomatoes, wherein the covering area of the mulching film is a square area of 45-55cm x 45-55cm at the root of the tomatoes, the number of the covered mulching film layers is 1, the mulching film is covered once every 2 days for 4-6 times in total, and the covering time is 30-16 in the afternoon;
the mulching film is made of a polyethylene film, and the thickness of the mulching film is 0.05-0.07mm;
in the root hypoxia stress treatment step, the fruit expansion period treatment method comprises the steps of covering mulching films on soil at the roots of the tomatoes when the first cluster fruits of the tomatoes begin to expand and the third cluster fruits begin to bear fruits, wherein the covering area of the mulching films is a square area of 45-55cm x 45-55cm at the roots of the tomatoes, the number of the covering mulching films is 2, small holes are punched in each layer of the mulching films, and the small holes are distributed in each 5-15cm 2 1 small hole in the area, the aperture of the small hole is not more than 1.2mm, the mulching film is covered once every 2 days for 4-6 times in total, the covering time is 30-16 in the afternoon;
the mulching film is made of a polyethylene film and is 0.05-0.07mm thick.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the cultivation method can improve the sugar content of the tomatoes and the sugar-acid ratio of the tomatoes, wherein the soluble total sugar content of the tomatoes is 5.49-5.62%, the organic acid content is 0.70-0.73%, and the sugar-acid ratio is 7.52-8.03;
the cultivation method can improve the characters of the tomato fruits, can improve the average fruit diameter, the average single fruit weight and the color conversion rate of the tomato, the average fruit diameter of the tomato is 82.3-83.6mm, the average single fruit weight is 344-361g, and the color conversion rate is 95.8-97.6%;
the cultivation method can improve the fruit setting rate and the yield per mu of the tomatoes, the fruit setting rate of the tomatoes is 91.2-92.3%, and the yield per mu of the tomatoes is 9370-8610kg.
Detailed Description
Example 1
(1) Potassium nutrient solution treatment
a. Treatment of flowering stage
After the tomatoes are transplanted to a facility and are planted, after buds appear on a first flower bud, watering potassium nutrient solution to the roots of the tomatoes, wherein the watering amount of each tomato plant is 1.5kg, the watering is performed once every 5 days, the watering is performed for 2 times in total, and the watering time is 9 a day in the morning;
the preparation method of the potassium nutrient solution comprises the following steps:
mixing 0.101kg of potassium nitrate, 0.272kg of monopotassium phosphate, 0.060kg of magnesium sulfate, 0.144kg of zinc sulfate, 0.234kg of ferrous lactate, 0.196kg of ammonium molybdate, 1.35kg of dopamine-treated chitosan oligosaccharide and 1000kg of deionized water, and stirring uniformly to obtain a potassium nutrient solution;
the preparation method of the dopamine-treated chitosan oligosaccharide comprises the following steps:
mixing 5kg of chitosan oligosaccharide and 200kg of deionized water, stirring to completely dissolve the chitosan oligosaccharide, then adding 1.5kg of sodium periodate, stirring in a dark place for 3.5h, stirring, then precipitating with ethanol, controlling the temperature to be 75 ℃ after precipitation, drying for 8h to obtain oxidized chitosan oligosaccharide, mixing and dissolving 5kg of oxidized chitosan oligosaccharide and 500kg of deionized water, then adding 12kg of dopamine hydrochloride, stirring for 12h, stirring, then precipitating with ethanol, controlling the temperature to be 75 ℃ after precipitation, drying for 8h to obtain dopamine-treated chitosan oligosaccharide;
b. fruit enlargement period treatment
The first cluster of tomato begins to expand, and when the third cluster of tomato begins to set fruit, the potassium nutrient solution is irrigated to the tomato root, the irrigation amount of each tomato is 2kg, irrigate once every 5 days, irrigate 2 times totally, the time of beginning to irrigate is 9 morning, simultaneously, on the 2 nd day of irrigating the nutrient solution to the tomato root each time, spray the potassium nutrient solution to the tomato leaf, the spraying amount of each tomato is 0.5kg, the time of beginning to spray is 13 afternoon.
(2) Root hypoxia stress treatment
a. Treatment of flowering stage
After the tomatoes are transplanted to the facility for field planting, after buds emerge from the first flower buds, covering a mulching film on soil at the roots of the tomatoes, wherein the coverage area of the mulching film is a 50cm-50cm square area of the roots of the tomatoes, the number of the covered mulching film layers is 1, the mulching film is covered once every 2 days for 5 times in total, and the covering time is 16-18 in the afternoon;
the mulching film is made of a polyethylene film and is 0.06mm thick;
b. fruit swelling period treatment
The first cluster fruit of the tomato begins to expand, when the third cluster fruit begins to bear fruit, the mulching film is covered on the soil at the root of the tomato, the covering area of the mulching film is a 50cm-50cm square area of the root of the tomato, the number of the covered mulching film layers is 2, small holes are punched in each layer of mulching film, and the distribution of the small holes is every 10cm 2 1 small hole in the area, the aperture of the small hole is not more than 1mm, the mulching film is covered once every 2 days for 5 times in total, the covering time is 16-19 in the afternoon;
the mulching film is made of a polyethylene film, and the thickness of the mulching film is 0.06mm.
Example 2
(1) Potassium nutrient solution treatment
a. Treatment at flowering stage
After the tomatoes are transplanted to a facility and are planted, after buds appear on a first flower bud, watering potassium nutrient solution to the roots of the tomatoes, wherein the watering amount of each tomato plant is 1.4kg, the watering is performed once every 4 days, the watering is performed for 2 times in total, and the watering time is 8 in the morning;
the preparation method of the potassium nutrient solution comprises the following steps:
mixing 0.095kg of potassium nitrate, 0.250kg of monopotassium phosphate, 0.055kg of magnesium sulfate, 0.135kg of zinc sulfate, 0.230kg of ferrous lactate, 0.190kg of ammonium molybdate, 1.30kg of dopamine-treated chitosan oligosaccharide and 950kg of deionized water, and stirring uniformly to obtain a potassium nutrient solution;
the preparation method of the dopamine-treated chitosan oligosaccharide comprises the following steps:
mixing 4.5kg of chitosan oligosaccharide and 180kg of deionized water, stirring to completely dissolve the chitosan oligosaccharide, then adding 1.45kg of sodium periodate, stirring in the dark for 3.0h, stirring, then precipitating with ethanol, controlling the temperature to be 70 ℃ after precipitation, drying for 9h to obtain oxidized chitosan oligosaccharide, mixing and dissolving 4.5kg of oxidized chitosan oligosaccharide and 450kg of deionized water, then adding 11.5kg of dopamine hydrochloride, stirring for 10h, stirring, then precipitating with ethanol, controlling the temperature to be 70 ℃ after precipitation, drying, and drying for 9h to obtain dopamine-treated chitosan oligosaccharide;
b. fruit swelling period treatment
The first cluster of tomato begins to expand, and when the third cluster of tomato begins to set fruit, the potassium nutrient solution is irrigated to the tomato root, the irrigation amount of each tomato is 1.8kg, irrigate once every 4 days, irrigate 2 times totally, the time of beginning to irrigate is 9 in the morning, simultaneously, on the 2 nd day of irrigating the nutrient solution to the tomato root each time, the potassium nutrient solution is sprayed to the tomato leaf, the spraying amount of each tomato is 0.4kg, the time of beginning to spray is 12 in the afternoon.
(2) Root hypoxia stress treatment
a. Treatment at flowering stage
After the tomatoes are transplanted to a facility for field planting, covering mulching films on soil at the roots of the tomatoes after buds appear on first flower buds, wherein the covering area of the mulching films is a 45cm-45cm square area of the roots of the tomatoes, the number of the covering mulching films is 1, the mulching films are covered once every 2 days for 4 times in total, and the covering time is 15-18% in the afternoon;
the mulching film is made of a polyethylene film and is 0.05mm thick;
b. fruit enlargement period treatment
When the first cluster fruit of the tomato begins to expand and the third cluster fruit begins to bear fruit, covering mulching films on soil at the roots of the tomatoes, wherein the covering area of the mulching films is a 45cm-45cm square area of the roots of the tomatoes, the number of the covering mulching films is 2, small holes are punched in each layer of mulching film, and the small holes are distributed in every 5cm 2 1 small hole in the area, the aperture of the small hole is not more than 0.8mm, the mulching film is covered once every 2 days for 4 times in total, the covering time is 15-19 in the afternoon;
the mulching film is made of a polyethylene film, and the thickness of the mulching film is 0.05mm.
Example 3
(1) Potassium nutrient solution treatment
a. Treatment at flowering stage
After the tomatoes are transplanted to a facility and are planted, after buds emerge from the first flower bud, watering potassium nutrient solution to the roots of the tomatoes, wherein the watering amount of each tomato plant is 1.6kg, the watering is performed once every 6 days, the watering is performed for 2 times in total, and the watering time is 9 in the morning;
the preparation method of the potassium nutrient solution comprises the following steps:
mixing 0.105kg of potassium nitrate, 0.300kg of monopotassium phosphate, 0.065kg of magnesium sulfate, 0.150kg of zinc sulfate, 0.240kg of ferrous lactate, 0.200kg of ammonium molybdate, 1.40kg of dopamine-treated chitosan oligosaccharide and 1050kg of deionized water, and stirring uniformly to obtain a potassium nutrient solution;
the preparation method of the dopamine-treated chitosan oligosaccharide comprises the following steps:
mixing 5.5kg of chitosan oligosaccharide and 220kg of deionized water, stirring to completely dissolve the chitosan oligosaccharide, then adding 1.55kg of sodium periodate, stirring in the dark for 4.0h, stirring, then precipitating with ethanol, controlling the temperature to be 80 ℃ after precipitation, drying for 7h to obtain oxidized chitosan oligosaccharide, mixing and dissolving 5.5kg of oxidized chitosan oligosaccharide and 550kg of deionized water, then adding 12.5kg of dopamine hydrochloride, stirring for 14h, stirring, then precipitating with ethanol, controlling the temperature to be 80 ℃ after precipitation, drying, and drying for 7h to obtain dopamine-treated chitosan oligosaccharide;
b. fruit enlargement period treatment
The first cluster of tomato begins to expand, and when the third cluster of tomato begins to set fruit, the potassium nutrient solution is irrigated to the tomato root, the irrigation amount of each tomato is 2.2kg, irrigate once every 6 days, irrigate 2 times totally, the time of beginning to irrigate is 10 in the morning, simultaneously, on the 2 nd day of irrigating the nutrient solution to the tomato root each time, the potassium nutrient solution is sprayed to the tomato leaf, the spraying amount of each tomato is 0.6kg, the time of beginning to spray is 13 in the afternoon.
(2) Root hypoxia stress treatment
a. Treatment of flowering stage
After the tomatoes are transplanted to the facility for field planting, after buds emerge from the first flower buds, covering a mulching film on soil at the roots of the tomatoes, wherein the coverage area of the mulching film is a square area of 55cm x 55cm of the roots of the tomatoes, the number of the covered mulching film layers is 1, the mulching film is covered once every 2 days for 6 times in total, and the covering time is 16-19% in the afternoon;
the mulching film is made of a polyethylene film and is 0.07mm thick;
b. fruit enlargement period treatment
The first cluster fruit of tomato begins to expand, when the third cluster fruit begins to bear fruit, the soil of tomato root is covered with the plastic film, the coverage area of the plastic film is the square area of tomato root 55cm x 55cm, the number of the covered plastic film layers is 2, small holes are punched on each plastic film layer, the distribution of the small holes is every 15cm 2 1 small hole in the area, the aperture of the small hole is not more than 1.2mm, the mulching film is covered once every 2 days for 6 times in total, the covering time is 16-20 in the afternoon;
the mulching film is made of a polyethylene film, and the thickness of the mulching film is 0.07mm.
Comparative example 1
In the potassium nutrient solution treatment step, chitosan oligosaccharide was not treated with dopamine but untreated chitosan was used in the preparation of the potassium nutrient solution, and the same procedure was followed for cultivation in the same manner as in example 1.
Comparative example 2
In the root hypoxia stress treatment step of example 1, only the root hypoxia stress treatment in the flowering stage was performed, and the root hypoxia stress treatment in the fruit expansion stage was not performed, and the same procedure was followed for cultivation.
Comparative example 3
In addition to example 1, only potassium nutrient solution treatment was performed, and root hypoxia stress treatment was not performed, and cultivation was performed.
Example 4 tomato sugar content and sugar-acid ratio measurements
The experimental tomato variety: coarse powder 608;
the organic matter content of the experimental soil is 155.34g/kg, the total nitrogen content is 1.27g/kg, the quick-acting phosphorus content is 8.56mg/kg, and the quick-acting potassium content is 128.28mg/kg;
tomato seedlings are transplanted and planted in experimental soil in facilities in 10 days after 3 months, tomatoes are cultivated by using the cultivation methods of the embodiments 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-3, general production management is carried out on the rest cultivation methods (water, fertilizer, temperature, humidity and the like, and cultivation before transplanting), and after harvesting, the soluble total sugar content, the organic acid content and the sugar-acid ratio of the tomatoes are detected, and the results are shown in table 1.
Example 5 tomato fruit trait detection
The experimental tomato variety: coarse powder 608;
the organic matter content of the experimental soil is 155.34g/kg, the total nitrogen content is 1.27g/kg, the quick-acting phosphorus content is 8.56mg/kg, and the quick-acting potassium content is 128.28mg/kg;
tomato seedlings are transplanted and planted in facilities in 10 days after 3 months, tomatoes are cultivated by the cultivation methods of the examples 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-3, general production management is carried out on the rest cultivation methods (water, fertilizer, temperature and humidity, and cultivation before transplanting), and after harvesting, the average fruit diameter, the average single fruit weight and the color change rate (the ratio of green fruits to red fruits) of the tomatoes are detected, and the results are shown in a table 2.
Example 6 tomato yield assay
The experimental tomato variety: coarse powder 608;
the organic matter content of the experimental soil is 155.34g/kg, the total nitrogen content is 1.27g/kg, the quick-acting phosphorus content is 8.56mg/kg, and the quick-acting potassium content is 128.28mg/kg;
tomato seedlings are transplanted and fixedly planted in facilities within 3 months and 10 days, tomatoes are cultivated by using the cultivation methods of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3, general production management is carried out on the rest cultivation methods (water, fertilizer, temperature, humidity and the like, and cultivation before transplanting), and after harvesting, the fruit setting rate and the per mu yield of the tomatoes are detected, and the results are shown in table 3.
Claims (3)
1. A method for cultivating high-quality tomatoes is characterized by comprising potassium nutrient solution treatment and root hypoxia stress treatment;
the potassium nutrient solution treatment comprises flowering phase treatment and fruit expansion phase treatment;
in the step of treating the potassium nutrient solution, the method for treating the flowering phase comprises the following steps of irrigating the potassium nutrient solution to the roots of the tomatoes after the tomatoes are transplanted to a facility and are planted, and after buds emerge from first flowers, wherein the irrigation amount of each tomato is 1.4-1.6kg, the tomatoes are irrigated once every 4-6 days for 2 times in total, and the irrigation time is 30-9 in the morning;
the preparation method of the potassium nutrient solution comprises the following steps:
mixing 0.095-0.105kg of potassium nitrate, 0.250-0.300kg of monopotassium phosphate, 0.055-0.065kg of magnesium sulfate, 0.135-0.150kg of zinc sulfate, 0.230-0.240kg of ferrous lactate, 0.190-0.200kg of ammonium molybdate, 1.30-1.40kg of dopamine-treated chitosan oligosaccharide and 950-1050kg of deionized water, and stirring uniformly to obtain a potassium nutrient solution;
the preparation method of the dopamine-treated chitosan oligosaccharide comprises the following steps:
mixing 4.5-5.5kg of chitosan oligosaccharide with 180-220kg of deionized water, stirring to completely dissolve the chitosan oligosaccharide, then adding 1.45-1.55kg of sodium periodate, stirring in the dark for 3.0-4.0h, separating out with ethanol after stirring, drying to obtain oxidized chitosan oligosaccharide, mixing and dissolving 4.5-5.5kg of oxidized chitosan oligosaccharide with 450-550kg of deionized water, then adding 11.5-12.5kg of dopamine hydrochloride, stirring for 10-14h, separating out with ethanol after stirring, and drying after separation to obtain dopamine-treated chitosan oligosaccharide;
in the step of treating the potassium nutrient solution, a method for treating the fruit expanding period is that when the first cluster fruit of the tomatoes begins to expand and the third cluster fruit begins to bear fruit, the root of each tomato is irrigated with the potassium nutrient solution in an amount of 1.8-2.2kg every 4-6 days for 2 times in total, the time for irrigating is 9-00 in the morning, and meanwhile, on the 2 nd day of irrigating the nutrient solution for the root of each tomato, the potassium nutrient solution is sprayed to the leaves of each tomato in an amount of 0.4-0.6kg, and the time for spraying is 30-13 in the afternoon;
the root hypoxia stress treatment comprises flowering phase treatment and fruit expansion phase treatment;
in the root hypoxia stress treatment step, the method for treatment in the flowering phase comprises the following steps of after transplanting tomatoes to a facility for permanent planting and after a first flower bud emerges, covering a mulching film on the soil at the root of the tomatoes, wherein the covering area of the mulching film is a square area of 45-55cm x 45-55cm at the root of the tomatoes, the number of the covered mulching film layers is 1, the mulching film is covered once every 2 days for 4-6 times in total, and the covering time is 30-16 in the afternoon;
in the root hypoxia stress treatment step, the fruit expansion period treatment method comprises the steps of covering mulching films on soil at the roots of tomatoes when the first cluster of tomatoes starts to expand and the third cluster of tomatoes starts to bear fruits, wherein the covering area of each mulching film is a square area of 45-55cm x 45-55cm at the roots of the tomatoes, the number of the covering mulching films is 2, and each layer of mulching film is stampedThe distribution of the small holes is 5-15cm per minute 2 1 small hole in the area, the aperture of the small hole is not more than 1.2mm, the mulching film is covered once every 2 days for 4-6 times in total, the covering time is 30-16 in the afternoon.
2. The cultivation method of high-quality tomatoes as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
in the preparation method of the chitosan oligosaccharide treated by dopamine, the drying method for two times is controlled at 70-80 ℃, and the drying time is 7-9h.
3. The cultivation method of high-quality tomatoes as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the mulching film is made of a polyethylene film and is 0.05-0.07mm thick.
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| ES2265232B1 (en) * | 2004-07-17 | 2008-06-16 | Newbiotechnic, S.A. | PARTENOCARPIC TOMATOES AND PROCEDURE FOR YOUR PRODUCTION. |
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| CN109260509A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-01-25 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of self assembly contact-type anti-bacterial hydrogel dressing and preparation method thereof based on poly-dopamine and chitosan oligosaccharide |
| CN110169346B (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2021-12-14 | 海南润达现代农业集团股份有限公司 | Cherry tomato soilless culture method suitable for tropical area |
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