CN115462218A

CN115462218A - Precision seeder for greenhouse vegetables

Info

Publication number: CN115462218A
Application number: CN202110657540.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭惠萍; 张文杰; 王子豪; 黄裕人; 王常林; 曹亚洲; 王晨思; 张娇
Original assignee: Northwest A&F University
Current assignee: Northwest A&F University
Priority date: 2021-06-12
Filing date: 2021-06-12
Publication date: 2022-12-13

Abstract

The invention provides a precision seeder for greenhouse vegetables, which can solve the problems of low qualification rate, reseeding and miss-seeding of the traditional mechanical seeder due to difficulty in controlling seeding depth and spacing on the premise of meeting precision seeding. The precision seeder for greenhouse vegetables comprises a three-point suspension device, a frame, a seed box, a seed sowing device, a chain wheel, a gear box, a land wheel, a bevel gear, a telescopic sleeve, a seed sowing pipe and a furrow opener. The electric tractor pulls the seeder to advance, makes the land wheel rotate, drives the gear in the gearbox and rotates, and rethread chain drive drives the seed metering ware and rotates, and the seed in the seed metering dish rotates a certain position along with the seeding hole, leans on seed self gravity to fall into the seed metering pipe, and then falls into the kind ditch.

Description

Precision seeder for greenhouse vegetables

Technical Field

The invention relates to a precision seeder for greenhouse vegetables, which is used for precision seeding of vegetable seeds and belongs to the field of agricultural machinery research.

Background

The yield and the sales of vegetables in China all live in the world first, in recent years, the vegetable industry in China is developed rapidly, the planting area and the yield are improved continuously, the vegetable industry in China exceeds grains at present and becomes the first big agricultural product in China, and the vegetable industry is one of pillars for agricultural economy development; due to the unique appearance and quality of the small seeds in the vegetable crops, the traditional mechanical seeder is difficult to control the seeding depth and the seeding distance, and the problems of low percent of pass, re-seeding, missed seeding and the like exist; meanwhile, the existing vegetable seeder has poor universality, and how to realize precision seeding of different types of vegetable seeds by only using one seeder is a key for reducing the cost of farmers and improving the seeding efficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems of poor seeding quality (plant spacing, heavy seeding and seed leakage), serious facility environment pollution caused by a power source and the like of the vegetable seeder in China, the precision vegetable seeder with the functions of adjustable seeding particle size, adjustable seeding row spacing and adjustable plant spacing is designed based on the intelligent pure electric drive universal power platform, and the standardized precision seeding of different vegetable seeds is realized.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme.

The utility model provides a smart volume seeder of facility vegetables, frame (1), seed case (2), three point linkage (3), preceding support plate (4), seed metering pipe (5), fixing bolt I (6), fixing bolt II (7), furrow opener (8), slide rail (9), slider I (10), land wheel (11), sprocket (12), seed metering ware (13), slide (14), back support plate (15), gearbox (16), chain I (17), chain II (18), bevel gear (19) and telescope tube (20) are taken to frame (1) is connected with electric tractor through three point linkage (3) to electric tractor drives the seeder and gos forward as the power supply.

Furthermore, a chain wheel (12) is installed on a rotating shaft of the land wheel (4), the land wheel is rotated in the advancing process of the seeder, the chain wheel (12) installed on a wheel shaft of the land wheel (4) is connected with the input end of a gearbox (16) through a chain (18), and the output end of the gearbox (16) is connected with a seeding device (13) through a chain (17) and a bevel gear (19) to drive a seeding disc to rotate.

Furthermore, the gear box (16) can be manually adjusted to control the rotating speed of the output end of the gear box (16), so that the seeding planting distance can be changed under the condition that the forward speed of the tractor is constant.

Furthermore, the seed box (2) is fixedly connected with the sliding plate (14) to be movably connected with the front carrying plate (4), and the fixing bolt is used for fixing the relative position of the sliding plate on the front carrying plate (4), namely, the left and right positions of the seed box on the front carrying plate (4) can be adjusted by loosening the fixing bolt.

Furthermore, the seed sowing device (13) is arranged below the seed box (2) and is fixed with the sliding plate (14) through a bracket. The telescopic sleeve (20) consists of two hollow cylinders with different diameters, small holes are distributed on the surfaces of the cylinders along the axial direction, and the pins (202) can be used for fixing the length of the sleeve. The bevel gear (19) is fixed on the rotating shaft through a telescopic sleeve. Namely, the adjustment of the relative position of the bevel gear (19) on the rotating shaft can be realized by changing the position of the pin (202).

Further, the furrow opener (8) is always arranged right below a seed dropping hole of the seed sowing device (13); furrow opener (8) are through slider I (10) and slide rail I (9) swing joint, fixing bolt I (6) are used for the relative position of fixed slider I (10) on slide rail I (9), and fixing bolt II (7) are used for the relative position of fixed furrow opener (8) on slider I (10), can realize through the upper and lower position control of unscrewing fixing bolt I (6) and fixing bolt II (7) that furrow opener (8) are for frame (1) about with position control promptly.

Furthermore, the adjustment of the vertical position of the furrow opener (8) realizes the adjustment of the sowing depth; the adjustment of the left and right positions of the seed box (2), the seed sowing device (13), the bevel gear (19) and the furrow opener (8) realizes the adjustment of the seeding row spacing, and meanwhile, the normal transmission is not influenced.

Further, the seed metering device (13) comprises a rotary rod (131), a shield (132), a support (133), a seed protecting plate (134), a seed metering plate (135), a sliding block (136), a connecting rod (137), a rolling bearing (138) and a bracket (139); the seed metering plate (135) is a disc with a thinner central part and a thicker edge, and the outer edge is provided with a whole circle of conical teeth, and the disc is uniformly provided with 16 chutes and seeding holes and is arranged above the seed protecting plate; one end of the connecting rod (137) is hinged with the support column (133), the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with the sliding block (136), and the sliding block (136) is arranged in the sliding groove; a rolling bearing (138) is installed in a circular groove at the top end of the support post (133), the bottom of the rotating rod (131) is connected with the rolling bearing (138), and the middle of the rotating rod is connected with the protective cover (132) through threads; the rotating rod (131) rotates to realize the movement of the sliding block (136) in the sliding groove, so that the diameter of the sowing hole is changed. The rolling bearing (138) can ensure the normal movement of the sliding block in the adjusting process and the fixation of the sliding block in the working process.

In summary, compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:

the precision vegetable seeder is a facility vegetable precision seeder with adjustable seeding particle size and adjustable seeding row spacing and plant spacing, precision seeding of different types of vegetables can be realized by only using one machine, the cost of farmers is reduced, and the seeding efficiency and the seeding quality are improved.

Drawings

To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that need to be used in the embodiments are briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to be able to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without inventive effort.

Fig. 1 is a structural view of a precision seeder for greenhouse vegetables according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a front view of a precision seeder for greenhouse vegetables according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a side view of a precision seeder for greenhouse vegetables according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is an exploded view of a seed metering device of a precision seeder for greenhouse vegetables according to the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a structural view of a telescopic sleeve of a precision seeder for greenhouse vegetables according to the present invention.

Shown in the figure: 1-a frame; 2, seed box; 3-a three-point suspension device; 4-front loading a plate; 5-a seed discharging pipe; 6-fixing the bolt I; 7-fixing the bolt II; 8-a furrow opener; 9-a slide rail; 10-a slide block I; 11-a ground wheel; 12-a sprocket; 13-seed sowing device; 14-a slide plate; 15-mounting a carrier plate; 16-a gearbox; 17-chain I; 18-chain II; 19-bevel gear; 20-a telescopic sleeve; 131-a rotating rod; 132-a shield; 133-a pillar; 134-seed protection plate; 135-seed sowing plate; 136-a slider; 137-connecting rod; 138-rolling bearings; 139-a scaffold; 201-small cylinder; 202-pin; 203-large cylinder.

Detailed Description

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1~3, in the embodiment of the invention, a precision seeder for greenhouse vegetables comprises a rack (1), a seed box (2), a three-point suspension device (3), a front carrying plate (4), a seed discharging pipe (5), a fixing bolt I (6), a fixing bolt II (7), a furrow opener (8), a slide rail (9), a sliding block I (10), a land wheel (11), a chain wheel (12), a seed discharging device (13), a sliding plate (14), a rear carrying plate (15), a gear box (16), a chain I (17), a chain II (18), a bevel gear (19), a telescopic sleeve (20), a rotary rod (131), a protective cover (132), a support (133), a seed protecting plate (134), a seed discharging plate (135), a sliding block (136), a connecting rod (137), a rolling bearing (138) and a support (139); the working principle is as follows: the seeder is pulled by an electric tractor to rotate the land wheel (11) so as to drive a gear in the gearbox (16) to rotate, and the bevel gear (19) is driven to rotate through chain transmission so as to drive the seed metering plate (135) in the seed metering device (13) to rotate, so that seeds in the seed metering plate (135) rotate to a certain position along with the seeding holes, enter the seed dropping holes by virtue of gravity, and then are thrown into the seed metering pipe (5) so as to drop into the seed ditch.

Example 2

As shown in 1~3, the rotating speed of the output end of the gearbox (16) can be controlled by manually adjusting the gear on the gearbox (16) aiming at the sowing planting distance of different vegetables, so that the sowing planting distance can be changed under the condition that the forward speed of the tractor is constant; aiming at the seeding row spacing of different vegetables, the fixing bolts (6) and the fixing bolts (7) can be unscrewed to realize the up-down position adjustment and the left-right position adjustment of the furrow opener (8) relative to the rack (1), meanwhile, the fixing bolts are unscrewed to adjust the left-right positions of the seed box (2) and the seed sowing device (13) relative to the front carrying plate (4), and the left-right position of the length adjusting bevel gear (19) of the telescopic sleeve (20) relative to the rotating shaft is adjusted. The adjustment of the upper position and the lower position of the furrow opener realizes the adjustment of the sowing depth, and the adjustment of the left position and the right position of the seed box (2), the seed sowing device (13), the bevel gear (19) and the furrow opener (8) realizes the adjustment of the sowing row spacing.

Example 3

As shown in fig. 4, the seed metering device (13) comprises a rotary rod (131), a shield (132), a support (133), a seed protecting plate (134), a seed metering plate (135), a sliding block (136), a connecting rod (137), a rolling bearing (138) and a bracket (139); the seed metering plate (135) is a disc with a thinner central part and a thicker edge, and the outer edge is provided with a whole circle of conical teeth, and the disc is uniformly provided with 16 chutes and seeding holes and is arranged above the seed protecting plate (134); one end of the connecting rod (137) is hinged with the support column (133), the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with the sliding block (136), and the sliding block (136) is arranged in the sliding groove; a rolling bearing (138) is installed in a circular groove at the top end of the support post (133), the bottom of the rotating rod (131) is connected with the rolling bearing (138), and the middle of the rotating rod is connected with the protective cover (132) through threads; the rotating rod (131) rotates to realize the movement of the sliding block (136) in the sliding groove, so that the diameter of the sowing hole is changed. The rolling bearing (138) can ensure the normal movement of the sliding block in the adjusting process and the fixation of the sliding block in the working process.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a smart volume seeder of facility vegetables which characterized in that: the seed sowing machine comprises a rack (1), a seed box (2), a three-point suspension device (3), a front support plate (4), a seed sowing pipe (5), a fixing bolt I (6), a fixing bolt II (7), a furrow opener (8), a slide rail (9), a slide block I (10), a land wheel (11), a chain wheel (12), a seed sowing device (13), a sliding plate (14), a rear support plate (15), a gearbox (16), a chain I (17), a chain II (18), a bevel gear (19), a telescopic sleeve (20) and the like; the three-point suspension device is connected with an electric tractor which is a power source of the precision vegetable seeder, the seed box (2) is fixedly arranged on the front carrying plate (4) through a sliding plate (14), and the seed sowing device (13) is arranged inside the seed box (2); the gear box (16) is fixedly arranged on the rear lapping plate (15) through a bolt; the furrow opener (8) is fixed on a sliding rail (9) through a bolt and is arranged under the seed sowing device (13), a sliding block I (10) is movably connected with the sliding rail I (9), a fixing bolt I (6) is used for fixing the relative position of the sliding block I (10) on the sliding rail I (9), and a fixing bolt II (7) is used for fixing the relative position of the furrow opener (8) on the sliding block I (10); the power transmission between the seed sowing device (13) and the gear box (16) is realized through chain transmission and gear transmission.

2. The precision seeder for greenhouse vegetables according to claim 1, wherein: a rotating shaft of the land wheel (11) is provided with a chain wheel (12), the land wheel (11) is connected with a gearbox (16) through a chain I (17) to realize power transmission, and the power is transmitted to the seed sowing device (13) through a chain II (18) and a bevel gear (19); the bevel gear (19) is fixed on the rotating shaft through a telescopic sleeve (20).

3. The precision seeder for greenhouse vegetables according to claim 1, wherein: the front carrying plate (4) is provided with a sliding groove, the box (2) is fixedly connected with the sliding plate (14), the sliding plate (14) is movably connected with the front carrying plate (4), and the relative position of the sliding plate (14) on the front carrying plate (4) is fixed by a fixing bolt.

4. The precision seeder for greenhouse vegetables according to claim 1, wherein: the seed metering device (13) is arranged below the seed box (2) and comprises a rotary rod (131), a shield (132), a support post (133), a seed protecting plate (134), a seed metering plate (135), a sliding block (136), a connecting rod (137), a rolling bearing (138) and a bracket (139); the seed protection plate (134) is connected with the front carrying plate (4) through a support (139), one end of the support is welded with the seed protection plate (134), the other end of the support is welded with the sliding plate (14), and a seed falling hole is formed in the seed protection plate (134).

5. The precision seeder for greenhouse vegetables according to claim 4, wherein: the seed discharging plate (135) is a disc with a thinner central part and a thicker edge, and the outer edge is provided with a whole circle of conical teeth; the seed metering plate (135) is uniformly provided with 16 chutes and seeding holes and is arranged above the seed protecting plate.

6. The precision seeder for greenhouse vegetables according to claims 4 and 5, wherein: one end of the connecting rod (137) is hinged with the support column (133), and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with the sliding block (136); the sliding block (136) is arranged in the sliding groove; the rolling bearing (138) is arranged in a circular groove at the top end of the support post (133).

7. The precision seeder for greenhouse vegetables according to claim 4, wherein: the bottom of the rotating rod (131) is connected with a rolling bearing (138), and the middle of the rotating rod is connected with the protective cover (132) through threads.