CN115449948A - In-situ polymerization hydrogel finishing method for welding protective fabric and protective clothing thereof - Google Patents
In-situ polymerization hydrogel finishing method for welding protective fabric and protective clothing thereof Download PDFInfo
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- D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
- D03D15/208—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads cellulose-based
- D03D15/225—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads cellulose-based artificial, e.g. viscose
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- D03D15/283—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads synthetic polymer-based, e.g. polyamide or polyester fibres
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- D03D15/40—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads
- D03D15/47—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads multicomponent, e.g. blended yarns or threads
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- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
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- D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/263—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof
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- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/327—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated alcohols or esters thereof
- D06M15/333—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated alcohols or esters thereof of vinyl acetate; Polyvinylalcohol
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- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/564—Polyureas, polyurethanes or other polymers having ureide or urethane links; Precondensation products forming them
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- D10B2201/24—Viscose
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- D10B2331/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides
- D10B2331/021—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides aromatic polyamides, e.g. aramides
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of textiles, and particularly discloses an in-situ polymerization hydrogel finishing method for a welding protective fabric and a protective garment thereof. The method comprises the following steps: placing the welding protective fabric in a solution tank filled with in-situ polymerization hydrogel collagen liquid, and soaking for two times and rolling for two times; after the two impregnations, the remaining solutions were pressed out using rolls, respectively. According to the invention, the effective combination of the flame retardant property, the heat insulation property, the molten metal impact resistance, the ultraviolet radiation resistance and the wearing comfort of the fabric is realized from the construction of the fabric structure, the multi-component compounding of the yarn fiber raw materials, the hydrogel function finishing technology based on the Leidenfrost effect and other multi-dimensional layouts, the comprehensive protection property and the comfort of the welding protection fabric are obviously improved, and welding operators can enjoy the comfort and the health.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of textiles, and particularly relates to an in-situ polymerization hydrogel finishing method for a welding protective fabric and protective clothing thereof.
Background
Electric welding is a special work, and a plurality of adverse factors harmful to human bodies are generated in the operation process of the electric welding, and mainly comprise electric welding spark spatter, electric welding arc light radiation, electric welding smoke dust and the like. The splashed electric welding sparks are molten metal welding rod droplets, the temperature of the molten metal welding rod droplets is up to 500-700 ℃ when the molten metal welding sparks slide to clothes or a human body, the trunk of the human body is easily scalded by the molten metal, and meanwhile, the high-temperature metal droplets can cause fire to cause serious personal and property loss; the electric welding arc light comprises high-intensity infrared rays (accounting for 35 percent of energy), visible light (accounting for 3 percent of energy) and ultraviolet rays (accounting for 62 percent of energy), wherein the infrared rays mainly cause thermal injury to a human body through a photothermal effect, and the ultraviolet rays mainly cause ultraviolet radiation damage to the human body through a photochemical effect and can also cause skin cancer seriously; welding fumes can form pneumoconiosis and carbon monoxide poisoning. Therefore, when a welder carries out electric welding operation, the welder needs to wear a whole set of individual protective articles to prevent welding injury, and personal safety of the welder is guaranteed.
The protection effect of the individual welding protection article mainly depends on the performance of the welding protection fabric. A welding protection fabric with excellent protection performance firstly has flame retardant performance; meanwhile, in order to avoid welding slag from being scalded, the fabric has good molten metal impact resistance, and at present, two ways are mainly provided for endowing the fabric with molten metal impact resistance, namely, the heat resistance of the fabric (capable of resisting high temperature of more than 500 ℃) is improved, carbon fiber, glass fiber and the like are used, the fabric is high in price and poor in wearing comfort, and the slippage of the fabric on molten metal is improved. In addition, the welding protective fabric with excellent protective performance also has better heat insulation and ultraviolet radiation prevention functions so as to avoid or reduce the damage caused by the light radiation of the electric welding arc.
In a word, a safe and comfortable welding protection fabric should have excellent flame retardant property, heat insulation property, molten metal impact resistance (welding slag slippage resistance), ultraviolet radiation resistance and better wearing comfort.
At present, welding protective materials circulating in the market are mainly all-cotton post-flame-retardant finishing canvas and acrylic cotton blended fabrics, and the thermal protection and molten metal impact resistance are poor; the cowhide material added with the flame retardant or the cowhide/all-cotton rear flame retardant canvas is spliced for use, and the protective material is heavy, heavy to wear and poor in comfort.
The technical measures for the development of the existing welding protective fabric are as follows:
in patent CN 102747504A, an electric welding protective clothing fabric and a processing method thereof are disclosed, specifically, polysulfonamide fiber/wool fiber/flame-retardant viscose fiber (the blending ratio is 50/30/20) blended yarn (the linear density is 50 Nm/2) is developed according to a semi-worsted route design, 2/1 twill weave is adopted, the warp density is 330 pieces/10 cm, the weft density is 278 pieces/10 cm, the development design surface density is 260g/m 2 The fabric of (1). The processing technological process comprises wool blending, cotton carding, drawing, roving, spinning, plying, weaving, wool washing, drying, brushing, shearing, softening and decating. The product has the advantages that the molten metal impact resistance, the thermal stability and the thermal protection performance can meet the A-level requirement of the national standard of welding suits, but the flame retardant property can only meet the B-level requirement of the national standard of welding suits, and the product cannot be used as the material of the A-level welding protective suits.
Patent CN 212388161U discloses a high flame-retardant heat-insulation welding clothes fabric. The utility model discloses a high fire-retardant thermowelding suit surface fabric interweaves by warp and woof and forms, the fabric organizational structure of surface fabric is through the duplex tissue, and the woof adopts the mixed yarn of aramid fiber 1313 fibre and fire-retardant viscose, and the warp includes top layer warp and nexine warp, top layer warp is the polyimide fiber, and the nexine warp is the mixed yarn of polyimide fiber and fire-retardant viscose. The product has the characteristics of permanent flame retardance, high strength, high temperature resistance, burst resistance, better comfort and the like, but the impact resistance of molten metal is not mentioned, and the application effect in the field of welding protection is still to be verified.
Patent CN 109112836A discloses an electric welding protective fabric based on high specific heat capacity substances, which is characterized in that a high water absorption coating composition (containing oil polyurethane, a cross-linking agent, high water absorption resin, a dispersing agent, lignin powder and the like) is applied to the front surface of a flame-retardant fabric, and water repellent finishing is carried out on the back surface of the fabric; the front superabsorbent coating is then sprayed or misted with liquid water (applied at 100-300 g/m) prior to use 2 ) So that electric welding sparks contacting the fabric are quickly extinguished, heat is quickly removed, heat reaching the skin is reduced, and the purpose of protecting the skin from being burnt is achieved, but the product is thick and heavy, the labor burden of workers is increased, and the coating fabric has the air permeabilityAnd the heat-humidity comfort of the developed welder clothes is poor.
Patent CN 110387739A discloses an electric welding protective clothing fabric with a graphene coating, which is prepared by fully dispersing a graphene solution, adding the graphene solution into a color fixing agent solution, and coating the prepared graphene mixed solution on flame-retardant base cloth, wherein the temperature rise of the electric welding protective clothing fabric prepared by the method after 15 drops of molten metal drops is not more than 37K (the standard requirement is that the temperature rise after 15 drops of molten metal drops is not more than 40K), and the electric welding protective clothing fabric just reaches the standard requirement.
Obviously, in the prior art, the developed fabric generally has the defects of high cost, single performance, durability to be improved, poor air permeability and insufficient comprehensive performance, so that the market popularization difficulty is high, and the fabric cannot effectively protect welding operators. In addition, in the prior art scheme, the protection of ultraviolet radiation in welding arc light is not involved, and the composite and integrated design of multiple functions such as flame retardance, thermal protection, molten metal impact resistance, wearing comfort and the like is not realized.
Therefore, to integrate various functions such as flame retardant property, heat insulation property, molten metal (welding slag) impact resistance, ultraviolet radiation resistance and wearing comfort, and to achieve overall consideration and best performance of various functions, the protective properties and wearing comfort of the welding protective fabric and the welding protective clothing must be comprehensively improved by starting from multiple dimensions such as structural design of the fabric, multi-component compounding of yarn fiber raw materials and post dyeing and finishing processing.
Based on the technical problem, the invention provides a novel three-dimensional air tube structure, a multifunctional composite welding protective fabric and welding protective clothing, which are technical problems to be solved urgently by technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of poor durability, heavy product and single protective performance of protective clothing in the prior art, and provides a welding protective fabric, a functional finishing technology thereof, protective clothing and a performance compensation finishing method thereof.
The invention provides a welding protective fabric, which comprises a surface layer and an inner layer, wherein the surface layer and the inner layer are connected in a binding mode of inner warp and outer weft;
the surface layer is 3/1 twill weave and is formed by interweaving surface layer warp yarns and surface layer weft yarns along the warp and weft directions;
the nexine includes domes and concreties plain structure, domes forms air pipe I, concreties plain structure and top layer formation air pipe II, air pipe I and air pipe II arrange in turn, form three-dimensional air pipe structure.
The inner layer arch structure is formed by interweaving inner layer warp yarns, inner layer auxiliary warp yarns and inner layer weft yarns along the warp and weft directions;
the inner layer consolidation plain weave structure is formed by interweaving inner layer warp yarns and inner layer weft yarns along the warp and weft directions;
the arch structure comprises a foundation tissue and a reinforcing tissue which is connected with the foundation tissue in an interweaving way;
the basic structure is 10/10 variable weft weight, and is formed by interweaving inner layer warp yarns and inner layer weft yarns along the warp and weft directions;
the reinforcing weave is a plain weave and is formed by interweaving an inner layer auxiliary warp yarn and a basic weave weft float long yarn.
The further scheme is that the surface layer warp yarns and the inner layer warp yarns are arranged according to the proportion of 1.
The further proposal is that the surface layer and the inner layer are connected at the top of the arch structure by a binding mode of inner warp and outer weft.
And (3) welding each layer of yarns of the protective fabric:
the fabric is endowed with comprehensive protection performances such as flame retardance, heat insulation, molten metal impact resistance, ultraviolet radiation resistance and the like by utilizing the interactive configuration of yarns of all layers. The specific implementation scheme is as follows:
1. according to the three-dimensional air tube structure welding protective fabric designed in the first step, surface layer warp yarns and surface layer weft yarns are blended yarns of flame-retardant viscose and flame-retardant terylene;
the specific mixing proportion of the flame-retardant viscose and the flame-retardant terylene blended yarn is 80-92% of flame-retardant viscose and 20-8% of flame-retardant terylene.
2. According to the three-dimensional air tube structure welding protection fabric designed in the first step, the inner layer warp yarns are blended yarns of flame-retardant viscose, aramid fibers, polyimide and ultraviolet-resistant modified terylene, the inner layer auxiliary warp yarns are blended yarns of aramid fibers and flame-retardant viscose, and the inner layer weft yarns are elastic yarns;
the specific mixing proportion of the flame-retardant viscose, the aramid fiber, the polyimide and the anti-ultraviolet modified terylene blended yarn is as follows: 20-30% of flame-retardant viscose, 30-40% of aramid fiber, 30-20% of polyimide and 20-10% of anti-ultraviolet modified polyester;
the inner-layer auxiliary warp is blended yarn of aramid fiber and flame-retardant viscose, and the specific mixing ratio is 50% of meta-aramid fiber and 50% of flame-retardant viscose;
the inner layer weft elastic yarn is elastic twisted yarn and is formed by twisting and doubling two blended single yarns of flame-retardant viscose, aramid fiber, polyimide and ultraviolet-proof modified polyester and an elastic yarn.
The specific mixing proportion of the flame-retardant viscose, the aramid fiber, the polyimide and the anti-ultraviolet modified polyester blended single yarn is as follows: 20-30% of flame-retardant viscose, 30-40% of aramid fiber, 30-20% of polyimide and 20-10% of anti-ultraviolet modified polyester;
the stretch yarn is 40D
Polyolefin elastic fiber filaments;
the further proposal is that the elastic twisted yarn is twisted in an S twisting direction, and the twisting coefficient is 400.
The invention discloses a functional finishing method of a welding protective fabric in a second aspect, which comprises the following specific processing flows: desizing, boiling, presetting, dyeing, functional finishing and tentering setting.
The functional finishing is in-situ polymerization hydrogel finishing, and the technical scheme is as follows:
in the in-situ polymerized hydrogel finishing procedure, firstly, an in-situ polymerized hydrogel finishing stock solution (hereinafter referred to as "in-situ polymerized hydrogel collagen solution") needs to be prepared.
The in-situ polymerized hydrogel collagen liquid is composed of a stock solution I and a stock solution II in equal proportion, wherein a cross-linking agent accounts for 10-15% of the stock solution I, and the balance is water; the stock solution II contains 15-25% of hydrophilic polymer, 5-10% of adhesive and the balance of water.
In a further embodiment, the cross-linking agent in the in-situ polymerized hydraulic collagen liquid is one or a mixture of glutaraldehyde, ammonia water and urea.
In a further embodiment, the hydrophilic polymer in the in situ polymerized hydrogel collagen liquid is polyvinyl alcohol or polyacrylic acid.
In a further aspect, the adhesive in the in situ polymerized hydrogel collagen liquid is a flame retardant polyurethane.
The further scheme is that a mode of 'two-dipping and two-rolling' is adopted during in-situ polymerization finishing, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: the fabric is soaked in the cross-linking agent in the bath (1) for placing the stock solution I, then the fabric is squeezed out of redundant liquid through the first pressing roller, and then the fabric is soaked in the hydrophilic polymer and the adhesive in the bath (2) for placing the stock solution II, and then the fabric is squeezed out of redundant liquid through the second pressing roller. In the dipping process of the fabric in the bath (2), under the action of a cross-linking agent, the hydrophilic polymer takes the fabric as a carrier, and the fabric is continuously polymerized and network interpenetrated to form high-efficiency coating on water molecules to obtain the cross-linked micro-nano hydrogel, and under the action of a bonding agent, the formed cross-linked micro-nano hydrogel is baked at 120-140 ℃ to realize polymerization bonding in the fabric 'in situ', so that the in-situ polymerization hydrogel finishing of the welding protective fabric is completed.
In a third aspect of the invention, the invention provides a welding protective garment which comprises the three-dimensional air pipe structure welding protective fabric subjected to in-situ polymerization hydrogel finishing.
The invention provides a performance compensation finishing method of welding protective clothing, which comprises the following steps:
after every 3 months of use, need carry out once and spray the performance compensation arrangement of hot water gel, specific technical scheme is:
and the high-temperature spray-ironing hydrogel compensation finishing is to perform high-temperature spray-ironing hydrogel performance compensation finishing on the welding protective clothing by adopting a daily household garment steamer.
When the welding protective clothing is subjected to high-temperature spray ironing hydrogel compensation finishing by adopting a garment steamer, the compensation finishing agent placed in the water tank of the garment steamer is obtained by diluting the in-situ polymerized hydrogel stock solution (which is formed by mixing stock solution I and stock solution II in equal proportion) by 2-4 times.
When the welding protective clothing is subjected to high-temperature spray ironing hydrogel compensation finishing by a hanging ironing machine, the selected temperature is 100-120 ℃, and the duration time is 3-8 minutes.
The further scheme is that when the high-temperature hot-spray hydrogel compensation finishing is carried out on the welding protective clothing by adopting a hanging ironing machine, the finishing time can be prolonged for 2-5 minutes for key protective areas such as clothing front pieces and sleeves.
The further scheme is that after the high-temperature spray-ironing hydrogel compensation finishing is carried out on the welding protective clothing by adopting a garment steamer, the slightly dried welding protective clothing is naturally dried and can be reused.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The surface layer and the inner layer arch structures are mutually connected in a connecting mode of connecting the inner warp and the outer weft, so that the inner layer forms the air pipe I, the plain weave parts of the surface layer and the inner layer form the air pipe II, and finally the welding protective fabric forms stable and alternately arranged three-dimensional air pipes in the warp direction, so that more static air can be contained in the welding protective fabric, and the thermal protection performance of the welding protective fabric is improved.
(2) According to the inner-layer arched consolidation plain-weave structure fabric, the elastic yarns are used in the weft direction, the auxiliary warps are added in the warp direction, the shrinkage effect of the elastic yarns is utilized in the weft direction, so that the air pipe I is raised more obviously, the arched structure is more stable, the auxiliary warps further consolidate the floating long lines on the back side of the arched structure, the shrinkage effect of the weft elastic yarns and the reinforcement effect of the auxiliary warps play a role together, the three-dimensional air pipe structure can be prevented from being pulled flat during stentering and shaping, and the arched air pipe structure is stable and obvious. The problems that after some existing fabrics with air structures are subjected to printing, tentering and setting, the three-dimensional structures of the fabrics are flattened, and the structures are weakened are solved. And the comfort of the fabric is further improved by adding the weft-wise elastic yarns.
(3) In the multilayer three-dimensional structure finally formed by the invention, the comprehensive protection performances of flame retardance, heat insulation, molten metal impact resistance, ultraviolet radiation resistance and the like can be endowed to the fabric by utilizing the interactive configuration of yarns of each layer, and the fabric has excellent comfort performance.
a. The surface layer adopts a twill structure and adopts flame-retardant viscose and flame-retardant polyester blended yarn, wherein the flame-retardant viscose is quickly carbonized when meeting fire, and the flame-retardant polyester can generate certain degree of melting shrinkage when meeting heat; when welding sparks (namely molten metal drops) contact with the fabric, welding slag can slip rapidly due to rapid shrinkage carbonization of the blended material and the smooth structure of the twill, and the anti-molten metal drop impact performance of the welding protective fabric is further improved.
b. The inner layer warp and weft adopt blended yarns of flame-retardant viscose, aramid fiber, polyimide and ultraviolet-proof modified terylene, wherein the flame-retardant viscose can improve the heat and humidity comfort of the fabric, the aramid fiber and the polyimide can guarantee the flame retardance of the fabric, and the ultraviolet-proof modified terylene endows the welding protective fabric with excellent ultraviolet-proof radiation performance. Meanwhile, the thermal protection performance of the fabric can be further improved by utilizing the low heat transfer coefficient of the polyimide, and the damage length of the fabric can be controlled within 20mm by using the polyimide and aramid fibers in a matched manner.
c. According to the fabric, the structure, the proportion and the fiber characteristic function are compounded in a crossed manner by constructing the three-dimensional air tube structure, adding the elastic yarns with good elasticity in the weft direction and using viscose thermal comfortable fibers, so that the softness, air permeability, moisture absorption and other comfortableness of the fabric are greatly improved while the fabric performance is ensured.
(4) According to the invention, by adopting the technical scheme of in-situ polymerization hydrogel finishing of ' two dipping and two rolling ', after the fabric is dipped in the cross-linking agent in the ' stock solution I ' through the bath tank (1), the cross-linking agent in the stock solution I can be fully wetted through ' to weld the protective fabric, under the pressure action of the roller, the cross-linking agent attached to the outer surface of the fabric deeply ' penetrates ' into fiber gaps of the protective fabric, and under the extrusion action of the roller with the ultra-large area and the consistent pressure, the uniform distribution of the cross-linking agent in the protective fabric is realized. After that, when the fabric is processed by the bath (2) for two-dipping and two-rolling, the hydrophilic polymer (polyvinyl alcohol and polyacrylic acid) in the stock solution II and the cross-linking agent (glutaraldehyde, ammonia water and urea) attached to the surface and inside of the fabric by one-dipping and one-rolling are subjected to chemical cross-linking reaction under the action of the roller, the inner surface and the outer surface of the fabric are used as reaction places for in-situ polymerization to generate the high molecular polymer micro-nano hydrogel with a three-dimensional network structure, and the continuously generated hydrogel is cross-linked with chemical groups in the fabric fiber raw material again under the action of the adhesive, so that the micro-nano hydrogel is firmly combined with the inner part and the outer part of the protective fabric, and the in-situ polymerization hydrogel finishing is completed.
Compared with the conventional finishing scheme, the technical scheme of 'two-dipping and two-rolling' in-situ polymerization hydrogel finishing is adopted, the 'two-dipping and two-rolling' enables in-situ polymerization reaction to be generated on the outer surface and inside of the protective fabric, the hydrogel generation area is enlarged, the adhesion of hydrogel on the protective fabric is promoted remarkably, the problem that the hydrogel generated by one-step method can only be adhered to the surface of the fabric is solved, the defect that the adhesion of the finishing agent in the conventional finishing process is difficult to promote is overcome, meanwhile, the hydrogel is uniformly distributed on the outer surface and inside of the protective fabric, the weak protective area is avoided, and the welded protective fabric is stable and durable in anti-molten metal impact performance.
(5) The welding protective fabric finished by the hydrogel can obviously improve the slippage, flame retardance and comfort of molten metal. When the welding slag with high temperature of 500-700 ℃ is close to the fabric, liquid water in the hydrogel can be excited to generate a Leidenfrost effect (the temperature for generating the Leidenfrost effect by water is 210-240 ℃), namely a steam layer can be formed between the fabric and the welding slag at the moment the welding slag is contacted with the fabric, the steam layer isolates the fabric from the welding slag, so that the welding slag can be slightly suspended on the fabric, the direct contact of part of the welding slag and the fabric is avoided, and the slippage performance of the fabric on the welding slag is improved. Meanwhile, when the 'liquid water' in the hydrogel is vaporized and evaporated, the heat around the combustible can be absorbed, the thermal cracking degree of the fabric can be reduced, the generated water vapor can also dilute the oxygen concentration, the intensity of fire is delayed, and the improvement of the flame retardant property of the fabric is facilitated. In addition, the hydrogel used in the invention has excellent biocompatibility and elasticity, is highly matched with the three-dimensional air tube structure used in the invention, and can obviously improve the wearing comfort performance of the fabric, for example, the hydrogel has good skin-friendly performance and soft cloth cover.
(6) The high-temperature spray hydrogel compensation finishing method is used for high-temperature spray hydrogel compensation finishing on the welding clothes with the service life of more than 3 months by using a garment steamer, and is advanced in that when the high-temperature spray hydrogel finishing is carried out by using the garment steamer, the steam in high-temperature spray can take away a large amount of heat to accelerate the evaporation of solvent water, so that a large amount of hydrogel is deposited on the surface of the fabric. Meanwhile, under the high-temperature condition, the adhesive in the hydrogel compensation finishing agent and the fibers on the outer surface of the fabric can quickly perform chemical grafting reaction, and finally a compact and complete hydrogel micro-nano film structure is formed on the outer surface of the fabric, so that the adhesion of water molecules is improved, the Ladun Florist effect is obviously improved, the improvement and compensation of the slipping performance of the molten metal (welding slag) of the welding protective fabric are realized, the fabric always keeps excellent impact resistance of the molten metal (welding slag), and the service cycle of the welding suit is prolonged. In addition, the creativity of the technical scheme is also embodied in that the targeted finishing can be carried out on the important parts of the front part, the sleeves and the like of the garment and the prolonged treatment time of the core protection area, and the impact resistance of the molten metal (welding slag) in the specified area can be effectively and quickly improved.
Drawings
The invention is illustrated and explained in detail in the drawings, which are only schematic and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and wherein:
FIG. 1: the invention welds the organizational chart of the protective fabric;
FIG. 2: the invention is welded with a schematic inner layer structure of the protective fabric;
FIG. 3: the invention discloses a structural schematic diagram of a welding protective fabric;
in FIG. 1Left side A, B, C, D are surface layer wefts, bottom (1) E
Surface layer warp yarns; left side a, b, c and d are inner layer weft yarns, and the lower part is 1-36 inner layer warp yarns, wherein 3, 6, 9, 12, 21, 24, 27 and 30 are inner layer auxiliary warp yarns, "\9632;" is surface layer warp floating point; "O" refers to the lifting of the surface warp when the inner weft is woven; "x" is the lifting of the inner warp during the weaving of the inner weft; "Δ" is the junction point with the inner warp above the outer weft; "tangle-solidup" refers to the lifting of auxiliary warp when knitting inside weft; in FIG. 2, the numbers 1-18 represent the inner layer warp yarns; in fig. 3, 37, surface layer, 38, arch structure, 39, plain weave consolidation structure, 40, lining layer, 41, air tube i, 42, air tube ii.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions, design methods, and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail by specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present invention provides a protective fabric for welding a three-dimensional air tube structure, comprising: the surface layer 37 and the inner layer 40 are connected at the bulge of the inner layer arch structure in a binding mode of connecting inner warps and outer wefts, and are designed to form an inner air pipe I41 through the inner layer arch structure 38 and an inner air pipe II 42 between the inner layer plain weave consolidation structure 39 and the surface layer, so that a three-dimensional air pipe structure is finally formed, more static air can be contained in the three-dimensional air pipe structure, and the thermal protection performance of the welding fabric is improved.
In this embodiment, the surface layer is formed by interlacing surface layer warp yarns and surface layer weft yarns in the warp and weft directions by using a 3/1 twill weave.
With reference to fig. 2, the inner layer includes an arch structure and a consolidation plain structure, and is formed by interweaving inner layer warp yarns, inner layer auxiliary warp yarns and inner layer weft yarns in the warp and weft directions;
the inner layer arch structure is formed by interweaving inner layer warp yarns, inner layer auxiliary warp yarns and inner layer weft yarns along the warp and weft directions;
the inner layer consolidation plain structure is formed by interweaving inner layer warp yarns and inner layer weft yarns along the warp and weft directions;
the arch structure comprises a foundation tissue and a reinforcing tissue interwoven with the foundation tissue; wherein the basic structure is a 10/10 variable weft weight, and is formed by interweaving inner layer warp yarns and inner layer weft yarns along the warp and weft directions; the reinforcing structure is a plain structure formed by interweaving auxiliary warp yarns and weft float long lines of the basic structure;
the surface layer and the inner layer are connected at the top of the arch structure in a binding mode of inner warp and outer weft.
The surface layer warp yarns and the inner layer warp yarns are arranged according to the proportion of 1.
Based on the structure, the fabric is endowed with comprehensive protection performances such as flame retardance, heat insulation, molten metal impact resistance, ultraviolet radiation resistance and the like by utilizing the interactive configuration of yarns of each layer, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: the surface layer warp yarns and the surface layer weft yarns are blended yarns of flame-retardant viscose and flame-retardant terylene, the lining warp yarns are blended yarns of flame-retardant viscose, aramid fibers, polyimide and anti-ultraviolet modified terylene, the lining auxiliary warp yarns are blended yarns of aramid fibers and flame-retardant viscose, and the lining weft yarns are elastic yarns twisted by blended single yarns of flame-retardant viscose, aramid fibers, polyimide and anti-ultraviolet modified terylene and elastic yarns.
Preparing yarns according to the yarn configuration requirements, sequentially carrying out spooling, warping, slashing, drafting, shaft mounting and weaving on the yarns to obtain a three-dimensional air tube structure welding protection fabric gray fabric, and then carrying out desizing, boiling, pre-shaping and dyeing on the protection fabric gray fabric to carry out in-situ polymerization hydrogel finishing to obtain a welding protection finished product fabric.
The invention also provides a welding protective garment which is made of the three-dimensional air tube structure welding protective fabric, and after the welding protective garment is used, high-temperature hot-spraying hydrogel compensation finishing is performed on the welding protective garment in a period of 3 months.
The clothes prepared by the protective fabric welded by the three-dimensional air tube structure have good flame retardance, heat insulation, molten metal drop impact resistance and ultraviolet radiation resistance, after being washed for 50 times, the ultraviolet resistance meets the requirements of the standard GB/T18830-2009 ' evaluation of ultraviolet resistance of textiles ', and other indexes meet GB 8965.2-2009 ' part 2 of flame-retardant protection of protective clothes: welding clothes Standard A grade requirement.
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
Example 1
According to the design scheme of the three-dimensional air pipe structure, the production of the three-dimensional air pipe structure welding protective fabric is implemented according to the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: spinning of yarns
Yarns spun by mixing 80% of flame-retardant viscose and 20% of flame-retardant polyester are used as surface warp yarns and weft yarns.
Yarns blended and spun by 20% of flame-retardant viscose, 30% of aramid fiber, 30% of polyimide and 20% of ultraviolet-proof modified polyester are used as inner layer warp yarns;
yarns spun by mixing 50% of meta-aramid and 50% of flame-retardant viscose are used as inner-layer auxiliary warp yarns;
mixing two blended single yarns with the flame-retardant viscose content of 20 percent, the aramid fiber content of 30 percent, the polyimide content of 30 percent and the anti-ultraviolet modified polyester content of 20 percent and a 40D yarn
The yarn obtained after the polyolefin elastic fiber filaments are combined and twisted (S twist, twist factor 400) is used as the inner layer weft elastic yarn.
Step two: weaving of grey cloth
And (3) according to the designed fabric tissue structure, sequentially carrying out spooling, warping, slashing, drafting, shaft mounting and weaving on the yarns spun in the step one to obtain grey cloth.
Step three: printing and dyeing processing of welding protective fabric
After desizing, scouring, presetting and dyeing the grey cloth obtained in the step two, carrying out in-situ polymerization hydrogel finishing by adopting a mode of 'two dipping and two rolling', and specifically comprising the following steps:
firstly, mixing 10% of cross-linking agent (equal mass of mixture of glutaraldehyde and ammonia water) and 90% of water to prepare stock solution I, and placing the stock solution I in a bath tank (1); stirring 15% of hydrophilic polymer polyvinyl alcohol, 5% of polyurethane adhesive and 80% of water to prepare a stock solution II, and placing the stock solution II in a bath tank (2);
then, the dyed fabric sequentially passes through a bath (1), a 1 st roller and a bath (2) to completely dip stock solutions I and II in the fabric to complete hydrogel in-situ polymerization on the fabric, and the rest liquid is extruded out through the 2 nd roller;
and finally, baking at the high temperature of 120 ℃, fully solidifying the hydrogel and the fabric by using the adhesive, and finishing the in-situ polymerization finishing of the hydrogel to obtain the finished welding protection fabric.
Step four: manufacture and performance compensation arrangement of welding protective clothing
And C, manufacturing the welding protective finished fabric obtained in the step three according to a certain style, then wearing the welding protective clothing by a user, and after the welding protective clothing is used for 3 months at each time, performing high-temperature hot spraying hydrogel compensation finishing according to the following scheme:
firstly, the washed welder clothes are hung on a household garment steamer, and the in-situ polymerized hydrogel stock solution used in the step three is diluted by 2 times and placed in a water tank of the garment steamer.
Setting the steam temperature of the garment steamer at 100 ℃, and carrying out high-temperature hot water gel spraying compensation finishing on the whole welding protective clothing for 3 minutes; performing spray finishing on the front part and the sleeves of the garment for 5 minutes in total; is worn for use after being naturally dried.
Example 2
According to the design scheme of the three-dimensional air pipe structure, the production of the three-dimensional air pipe structure welding protective fabric is implemented according to the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: spinning of yarns
Yarns which are spun by mixing 85% of flame-retardant viscose and 15% of flame-retardant polyester are used as surface layer warp yarns and weft yarns.
Taking yarns blended and spun by 25% of flame-retardant viscose, 35% of aramid fiber, 25% of polyimide and 15% of ultraviolet-proof modified polyester as inner-layer warp yarns;
yarns spun by mixing 50% of meta-aramid and 50% of flame-retardant viscose are used as inner-layer auxiliary warp yarns;
two blended single yarns with 25 percent of flame-retardant viscose, 35 percent of aramid fiber, 25 percent of polyimide and 15 percent of ultraviolet-proof modified polyester are mixed with one 40D yarn
The yarn obtained after the polyolefin elastic fiber filaments are combined and twisted (S twist, twist factor 400) is used as the inner layer weft elastic yarn.
Step two: weaving of grey cloth
And (3) according to the designed fabric tissue structure, sequentially carrying out spooling, warping, slashing, drafting, shaft mounting and weaving on the yarns spun in the step one to obtain grey cloth.
Step three: processing of welding protective fabric
After desizing, scouring, presetting and dyeing the grey cloth obtained in the step two, carrying out in-situ polymerization hydrogel finishing by adopting a mode of 'two dipping and two rolling', and specifically comprising the following steps:
firstly, mixing 12% of cross-linking agent (equal mass of a mixture of glutaraldehyde and ammonia water) and 88% of water to prepare a stock solution I, and placing the stock solution I in a bath (1); stirring 20% of hydrophilic polymer polyvinyl alcohol, 8% of polyurethane adhesive and 72% of water to prepare a stock solution II, and placing the stock solution II in a bath tank (2);
then, the dyed fabric sequentially passes through a bath (1), a 1 st roller and a bath (2) to completely soak the fabric in stock solution I and stock solution II to complete hydrogel in-situ polymerization on the fabric, and the rest liquid is pressed out through a 2 nd roller;
and finally, baking at a high temperature of 130 ℃, fully solidifying the hydrogel and the fabric by using the adhesive, and finishing the in-situ polymerization finishing of the hydrogel to obtain the finished welding protection fabric.
Step four: manufacture and performance compensation arrangement of welding protective clothing
And (4) manufacturing the welding protective finished product fabric obtained in the step three according to a certain style, wearing the welding protective clothing by a user, and performing high-temperature hot spraying hydrogel compensation finishing according to the following scheme after the welding protective clothing is used for 3 months each time:
firstly, the washed welding clothes are hung on a household steamer, and the in-situ polymerized hydrogel collagen liquid used in the step three is diluted by 3 times and placed in a water tank of the steamer.
Then setting the steam temperature of the garment steamer at 110 ℃, and carrying out high-temperature hot spray hydrogel compensation finishing for 5 minutes on the whole welding protective clothing; finishing the front part and the sleeves of the garment for 8 minutes; is worn for use after being naturally dried.
Example 3
According to the design scheme of the three-dimensional air pipe structure, the production of the welding protective fabric of the three-dimensional air pipe structure is implemented according to the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: spinning of yarns
Yarns spun by mixing 92% of flame-retardant viscose and 8% of flame-retardant polyester are used as surface layer warp yarns and weft yarns.
Yarns blended and spun by 30% of flame-retardant viscose, 40% of aramid fiber, 20% of polyimide and 10% of ultraviolet-proof modified polyester are used as inner layer warp yarns;
yarns spun by mixing 50% of meta-aramid and 50% of flame-retardant viscose are used as inner-layer auxiliary warp yarns;
mixing two blended single yarns with the flame-retardant viscose content of 30 percent, the aramid fiber content of 40 percent, the polyimide content of 20 percent and the anti-ultraviolet modified polyester content of 10 percent and a 40D yarn
The polyolefin elastic fiber filaments were combined and twisted (S twist, twist factor 400) to obtain a yarn as the inner layer weft elastic yarn.
Step two: weaving of grey cloth
And (3) according to the designed fabric tissue structure, sequentially carrying out spooling, warping, slashing, drafting, shaft mounting and weaving on the yarns spun in the step one to obtain grey cloth.
Step three: processing of welding protective fabric
After desizing, scouring, presetting and dyeing the grey cloth obtained in the step two, carrying out in-situ polymerization hydrogel finishing by adopting a mode of 'two dipping and two rolling', and specifically comprising the following steps:
firstly, mixing 15% of cross-linking agent (equal mass of a mixture of glutaraldehyde and ammonia water) and 85% of water to prepare a stock solution I, and placing the stock solution I in a bath (1); stirring 25% of hydrophilic polymer polyvinyl alcohol, 10% of polyurethane adhesive and 65% of water to prepare a stock solution II, and placing the stock solution II in a bath tank (2);
then, the dyed fabric sequentially passes through a bath (1), a 1 st roller and a bath (2) to completely soak the fabric in stock solution I and stock solution II to complete hydrogel in-situ polymerization on the fabric, and the rest liquid is pressed out through a 2 nd roller;
and finally, baking at 140 ℃, fully solidifying the hydrogel and the fabric by using the adhesive, and finishing the in-situ polymerization finishing of the hydrogel to obtain the finished welding protection fabric.
Step four: manufacture and performance compensation arrangement of welding protective clothing
And (4) manufacturing the welding protective finished product fabric obtained in the step three according to a certain style, wearing the welding protective clothing by a user, and performing high-temperature hot spraying hydrogel compensation finishing according to the following scheme after the welding protective clothing is used for 3 months each time:
firstly, the washed welding clothes are hung on a household steamer, and the in-situ polymerized hydrogel collagen liquid used in the step three is diluted by 4 times and placed in a water tank of the steamer.
Setting the steam temperature of the garment steamer at 120 ℃, and carrying out high-temperature hot water gel spraying compensation finishing for 8 minutes on the whole welding protective clothing; finishing the front part and the sleeves of the garment for 13 minutes; is worn for use after being naturally dried.
In order to verify the performance of the developed fabric, the fabrics of 3 types prepared in examples 1 to 3 were respectively subjected to performance tests such as physical properties (breaking strength, tearing strength), flame retardant property, molten metal impact resistance, thermal stability, thermal protection property, ultraviolet resistance, moisture permeability and the like after being washed for 50 times, and the test results are shown in table 1:
table 1 examples 1-3 statistics of fabric test results
From table 1, after 50 times of washing, the ultraviolet resistance of the welding protective fabric prepared by the invention meets the requirements of the standard GB/T18830-2009 ultraviolet resistance evaluation for textiles, and the other indexes meet the requirements of GB 8965.2-2009 flame-retardant protective part 2 of protective clothing: welding clothes Standard A grade requirement.
While embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above description is illustrative, not exhaustive, and not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen in order to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application, or improvements made to the technology in the marketplace, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.
Claims (9)
1. An in-situ polymerization hydrogel finishing method for a welding protective fabric is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing an in-situ polymerized hydrogel stock solution I and an in-situ polymerized hydrogel stock solution II, wherein the volume ratio of the stock solution I to the stock solution II is 1,
s2, dipping the welding protective fabric in the stock solution I, rolling, dipping in the stock solution II to enable the fabric to be completely dipped in the stock solution I and the stock solution II, completing hydrogel in-situ polymerization on the fabric, and then rolling for the second time to extrude the residual liquid;
s3, baking at a high temperature of 120-140 ℃, fully solidifying the hydrogel and the fabric by using the adhesive, and preparing a welding protection finished product fabric after completing in-situ polymerization finishing of the hydrogel;
the welding protective fabric is of a three-dimensional air pipe structure and comprises a surface layer and an inner layer, wherein the surface layer and the inner layer are connected in a binding mode of inner warp and outer weft;
the inner layer comprises an arch structure and a consolidation plain structure, the arch structure forms an air pipe I, the consolidation plain structure and the surface layer form an air pipe II, and the air pipes I and the air pipes II are alternately arranged to form a three-dimensional air pipe structure;
the stock solution I comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
the cross-linking agent accounts for 10 to 15 percent;
the balance of water;
the stock solution II comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
15 to 25 percent of hydrophilic polymer;
5 to 10 percent of adhesive;
the balance being water.
2. The in-situ polymerization hydrogel finishing method for the welding protective fabric according to claim 1, wherein the surface layer is a 3/1 twill weave formed by interweaving surface warp yarns and surface weft yarns in the warp and weft directions;
the inner layer is formed by interweaving inner layer warp yarns, inner layer auxiliary warp yarns and inner layer weft yarns in the warp and weft directions.
3. The in-situ polymerized hydrogel finishing method for welding protective fabrics as claimed in claim 2, wherein the arch structure comprises a base tissue and a reinforcing tissue interwoven with the base tissue;
the basic structure is a 10/10 variable weft weight formed by interweaving inner layer warp yarns and inner layer weft yarns, and the reinforcing structure is a plain structure formed by interweaving inner layer auxiliary warp yarns and basic structure weft float long lines.
4. The in-situ polymerization hydrogel finishing method for the welding protective fabric according to claim 3, wherein the surface layer warp yarns and the inner layer warp yarns are arranged according to a ratio of 1;
the surface layer and the inner layer are connected at the top of the arch structure in a binding mode of inner warp and outer weft;
the surface layer warp yarns and the surface layer weft yarns are blended yarns of flame-retardant viscose and flame-retardant terylene;
the blended yarn is characterized in that the inner layer warp yarns are blended yarns of flame-retardant viscose, aramid fibers, polyimide and ultraviolet-proof modified terylene, the inner layer auxiliary warp yarns are blended yarns of aramid fibers and flame-retardant viscose, and the inner layer weft yarns are elastic yarns.
5. The in-situ polymerization hydrogel finishing method for the welding protective fabric according to claim 4, wherein the elastic yarn is an elastic twisted yarn and is composed of two blended single yarns of flame-retardant viscose, aramid, polyimide and ultraviolet-resistant modified polyester and a 40D single yarn
The polyolefin elastic fiber filament is formed by combining and twisting.
6. The in-situ polymerization hydrogel finishing method for welding protective fabric according to claim 1, wherein the hydrophilic polymer is polyvinyl alcohol or polyacrylic acid, the cross-linking agent is one or a mixture of at least two of glutaraldehyde, ammonia water and urea, and the adhesive is modified flame retardant polyurethane.
7. The in-situ polymerization hydrogel finishing method for welding protective fabrics of claim 6, which is characterized by further comprising the following steps: diluting the in-situ polymerized hydrogel stock solution to obtain a compensation finishing solution, wherein the diluted concentration is 1/4-1/2 of the original concentration; the in-situ polymerized hydrogel stock solution is formed by mixing stock solution I and stock solution II in equal proportion;
when the welding compensation finishing liquid is connected with the protective fabric and used for 3 months, the compensation finishing liquid is placed in a water tank of a daily household garment steamer to carry out high-temperature hot spraying hydrogel performance compensation finishing;
and naturally drying the welding protective fabric subjected to high-temperature spray ironing hydrogel compensation finishing.
8. The in-situ polymerization hydrogel finishing method for the welding protective fabric according to claim 7, wherein the using temperature of the garment steamer is 100-120 ℃, and the duration time is 3-8 minutes.
9. A welding protective garment, characterized in that the fabric used by the welding protective garment is the fabric obtained by the in-situ polymerization hydrogel finishing method of the welding protective fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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| CN116043548A (en) * | 2023-01-30 | 2023-05-02 | 青岛大学 | Flexible fabric/gel composite material and preparation method and application thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116043548A (en) * | 2023-01-30 | 2023-05-02 | 青岛大学 | Flexible fabric/gel composite material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN116043548B (en) * | 2023-01-30 | 2024-05-24 | 青岛大学 | Flexible fabric/gel composite material and preparation method and application thereof |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN115449948B (en) | 2023-09-12 |
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