CN115449697B - Ceramic particle reinforced high manganese steel-based composite material hammer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Ceramic particle reinforced high manganese steel-based composite material hammer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 146
- 229910000617 Mangalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 229910017060 Fe Cr Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 229910002544 Fe-Cr Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- UPHIPHFJVNKLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium iron Chemical compound [Cr].[Fe] UPHIPHFJVNKLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 72
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
- B22D18/06—Vacuum casting, i.e. making use of vacuum to fill the mould
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract
The invention discloses a ceramic particle reinforced high manganese steel-based composite material hammer head and a preparation method thereof, wherein the hammer head comprises a metal matrix, ZTA ceramic particles and B 2 C layer, fe-Cr alloy layer, ZTA ceramic layer, B 2 The C layer and the Fe-Cr alloy layer are integrally used as a wear-resistant body and positioned on the working side of the hammer head, and the ZTA ceramic layer and the B 2 A C layer and a Fe-Cr alloy layer embedded in the metal matrix, B 2 A C layer is coated on the outer side of the ZTA ceramic layer, and a Fe-Cr alloy layer is coated on the B layer 2 Outside layer C. Compared with the high manganese steel hammer in the prior art, the high manganese steel hammer has the characteristics of high hardness, excellent wear resistance, long service life and the like under the working condition of high impact load; the high manganese steel hammer head has lower cost and higher cost performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a hammer head, in particular to a ceramic particle reinforced high manganese steel-based composite material hammer head and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In the fields of mines, metallurgy, building materials, cement and the like, crushers (hammer crushers, impact crushers and the like) are widely used as indispensable equipment for crushing materials, wherein hammer heads are important components in the crushers and wearing parts. In the past, breaker hammer is because the wearability is poor, changes frequently, and life is short to the crushing efficiency of material has been restricted. According to incomplete statistics, the consumption of the hammer heads of the hammer crusher is over 50 ten thousand tons each year, and the annual rising trend is presented year by year, so that the development of novel hammer head materials and processing and forming technology thereof and the improvement of the service life of the hammer heads become the problems to be solved urgently.
For some large-scale material crushing equipment, the crusher hammer head needs not only excellent wear resistance, but also impact force generated by materials on the crusher hammer head, and often the crusher hammer head is broken to fail in the process. So that the microscopic shadow effect of the reinforcing particles in the composite layer is not fully exploited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a ceramic particle reinforced high manganese steel matrix composite hammer and a preparation method thereof.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to a ceramic particle reinforced high manganese steel matrix composite hammer head, which comprises a metal matrix, ZTA ceramic particles and B 2 A C layer and an Fe-Cr alloy layer, wherein the ZTA ceramic particles and B 2 The whole of the C layer and the Fe-Cr alloy layer is used as a wear-resistant body and positioned at the working side of the hammer head, and the ZTA ceramic particles and the B 2 A C layer and an Fe-Cr alloy layer embedded in the metal matrix, the B 2 A C layer is coated on the outer side of the ZTA ceramic layer, and a Fe-Cr alloy layer is coated on the B layer 2 Outside layer C.
Furthermore, the metal matrix is made of high manganese steel material.
Further, the high manganese steel material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: carbon C:1.05 to 1.25 percent; manganese Mn:15.0 to 17.0 percent; silicon Si:0.7 to 1.0 percent; chromium Cr:2.6 to 2.9 percent; nickel Ni: 2-3%; titanium Ti:0.3 to 0.6 percent; antimony, sb:0.4 to 0.55 percent; copper Cu:0.5 to 0.8 percent; vanadium V:0.6 to 0.9 percent; the balance being Fe.
Further, the weight percentage of chromium Cr in the high manganese steel material is 2.6-2.8%; the weight percentages of the components of the phosphorus are: less than or equal to 0.05%; the sulfur comprises the following components in percentage by weight: less than or equal to 0.05%.
Further, the high manganese steel material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: carbon C:1.1 to 1.25 percent; manganese Mn:16.0 to 17.0 percent; silicon Si:0.7 to 0.85 percent; chromium Cr:2.8 to 2.9 percent; nickel Ni: 2-3%; titanium Ti:0.5 to 0.6 percent; antimony, sb:0.4 to 0.55 percent; copper Cu:0.5 to 0.6 percent; vanadium V:0.8 to 0.9 percent; the balance being Fe.
Further, the particle size of the ZTA ceramic particles is 2-3 mm; the B is 2 B in layer C 2 The grain diameter of the ceramic particles C is 0.5-1 mu m, and the thickness is 12-16 mu m; the content of Cr in the Fe-Cr alloy layer is 62 percent, the grain diameter is 30-70 mu m, and the thickness is 20-24 mu m.
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the ceramic particle reinforced high manganese steel matrix composite hammer head, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Cleaning ZTA ceramic particles by using alcohol, degreasing and ash removing the surfaces of the ZTA ceramic particles, and then placing the ZTA ceramic particles in an oven for standby;
(2) Weighing ZTA ceramic particles with certain mass, weighing silica sol solution according to 15-20% of the mass of the ZTA ceramic particles, and weighing B according to 6-10% of the mass of the ZTA ceramic particles 2 C ceramic particles, mixing silica sol solution with B 2 Mixing the C ceramic particles to prepare B 2 C ceramic particle slurry; b was carried out at a pressure of 0.02MPa using a spraying apparatus 2 Uniformly spraying the C ceramic particle slurry onto the surfaces of ZTA ceramic particles, and then placing the ceramic particles in a resistance wire furnace to be solidified for 20-50 minutes at 100-200 ℃;
(3) Mixing the silica sol solution and Fe-Cr alloy powder according to the proportion of 2:1 to prepare Fe-Cr alloy powder slurry, weighing 8-10% of the ZTA ceramic particle mass, adding the Fe-Cr alloy powder slurry into the ceramic particles prepared in the step (2), uniformly mixing, and then placing the mixture into a grid-shaped mold to prepare grid-shaped B 2 C/Fe-Cr coated ZTA ceramic particle preform, and then placing the preform into a resistance wire furnace to be solidified for 30-50 minutes at 200-300 ℃;
(4) Preparation of lost foamHas, will net shape B 2 C/Fe-Cr coated ZTA ceramic particles are fixed on one side of a working surface of a die, coated with paint and dried in a drying room at 60-70 ℃;
(5) Smelting a metal matrix alloy raw material, wherein the tapping temperature is 1610-1670 ℃;
(6) Casting molding, wherein vacuum is continuously applied to the cavity by using negative pressure equipment in the casting process, and vacuum load is unloaded after 20-50 minutes after casting;
(7) Cooling in a sand box for 10-15 hours, opening the box, and then moving to a heat treatment furnace;
(8) And discharging from the furnace, and performing water toughening treatment.
Further, the tapping temperature in the step (5) is 1620-1630 ℃.
Further, the negative pressure casting process in the step (6) specifically includes: fixing the lost foam into a sand box and jolting by using a jolting table, and then placing the sand box into a negative pressure system, wherein the vacuum of the negative pressure system is 3-6 Pa; pouring for 20-50 min, and unloading vacuum pressure.
Further, the water toughening treatment in the step (8) specifically includes: heating to 240 ℃ at 50 ℃/h, and preserving heat for 1 hour; heating to 560 ℃ at 50 ℃/h, and preserving heat for 1.5h; heating to 830 ℃ at 30 ℃/h, and preserving heat for 2.5h; raising the temperature to 1105 ℃ at 25 ℃/h, and preserving the temperature for 3h; and then taking out the casting and rapidly putting the casting into cooling water at 20 ℃, ensuring that the casting is completely immersed and continuously blowing compressed gas into the bottom of the cooling water, ensuring that the temperature of the cooling water does not exceed 40 ℃, and generating a large amount of high-temperature austenite in the casting by the process so as to increase the overall impact resistance of the casting.
The beneficial effects are that: the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) In the metal matrix material, cr, mn and Ni are added to form stable compounds, and the wear resistance and hardness of the whole hammer head are improved through water toughening treatment;
(2) In the metal matrix material, added Sb, ti and other elements can generate synergistic effect with other elements in the alloy, firstly, the matrix structure is thinned, cementite aggregation is inhibited, the austenitic structure is strengthened, and the comprehensive mechanical property of the hammer is improved;
(3) In the invention, ZTA ceramic layer and B are adopted 2 C/Fe-Cr to promote the combination of the metal matrix with B 2 The transition metallurgical bonding interface with high hardness and wear resistance is formed among the C/Fe-Cr coated ZTA ceramic particles, so that the overall wear resistance of the hammer is improved;
(4) Compared with the high manganese steel hammer in the prior art, the high manganese steel hammer has the characteristics of high hardness, excellent wear resistance, long service life and the like under the working condition of high impact load; the high manganese steel hammer head has lower cost and higher cost performance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the hammer head according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. are the directions or positional relationships shown, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The invention will now be described in further detail by way of specific examples of embodiments in connection with the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
As shown in figures 1 and 2, the ceramic particle reinforced high manganese steel matrix composite hammer comprises a metal matrix 1, a ZTA ceramic layer 2 and B 2 A C layer 3 and an Fe-Cr alloy layer 4, the ZTA ceramic layer 2, B 2 The whole of the C layer 3 and the Fe-Cr alloy layer 4 is used as a wear-resistant body and positioned on the working side of the hammer head, and the ZTA ceramic layers 2 and B 2 A C layer 3 and an Fe-Cr alloy layer 4 are embedded in the metal matrix 1, and B 2 A C layer 3 is coated on the outer side of the ZTA ceramic layer 2, and a Fe-Cr alloy layer 4 is coated on the B 2 Outside layer C3.
The hammer head in the embodiment has wear-resistant part formed by combining ZTA ceramic layer 2 and B 2 C/Fe-Cr to promote the metal matrix 1 and B 2 The transition metallurgical bonding interface with high hardness and wear resistance is formed between the C/Fe-Cr coated ZTA ceramic particles, and the method plays a positive promoting role in improving the overall wear resistance of the hammer.
Example 2
As shown in figures 1 and 2, the ceramic particle reinforced high manganese steel matrix composite hammer comprises a metal matrix 1, a ZTA ceramic layer 2 and B 2 A C layer 3 and an Fe-Cr alloy layer 4, the ZTA ceramic layer 2, B 2 The whole of the C layer 3 and the Fe-Cr alloy layer 4 is used as a wear-resistant body and positioned on the working side of the hammer head, and the ZTA ceramic layers 2 and B 2 A C layer 3 and an Fe-Cr alloy layer 4 are embedded in the metal matrix 1, and B 2 A C layer 3 is coated on the outer side of the ZTA ceramic layer 2, and a Fe-Cr alloy layer 4 is coated on the B 2 Outside layer C3.
In this embodiment, in order to improve the wear resistance and hardness of the substrate, the metal substrate 1 is made of a high manganese steel material.
In this embodiment, preferably, the high manganese steel material includes the following components in percentage by weight: carbon C:1.05%; manganese Mn:15.0%; silicon Si:0.7%; chromium Cr:2.6%; nickel Ni:2%; titanium Ti:0.3%; antimony, sb:0.4%; copper Cu:0.5%; vanadium V:0.6%; the balance being Fe.
In this embodiment, preferably, the high manganese steel material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: less than or equal to 0.05%; the sulfur comprises the following components in percentage by weight: less than or equal to 0.05%.
In this embodiment, preferably, the particle size of the ZTA ceramic particles is 2-3 mm; the B is 2 B in layer C 2 The grain diameter of the ceramic particles C is 0.5-1 mu m, and the thickness is 12-16 mu m; the content of Cr in the Fe-Cr alloy layer is 62 percent, the grain diameter is 30-70 mu m, and the thickness is 20-24 mu m.
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the ceramic particle reinforced high manganese steel matrix composite hammer head includes the following steps:
(1) Cleaning ZTA ceramic particles by using alcohol, degreasing and ash removing the surfaces of the ZTA ceramic particles, and then placing the ZTA ceramic particles in an oven for standby;
(2) Weighing ZTA ceramic particles with certain mass, weighing silica sol solution according to 15% of the mass of the ZTA ceramic particles, and weighing B according to 6% of the mass of the ZTA ceramic particles 2 C ceramic particles, mixing silica sol solution with B 2 Mixing the C ceramic particles to prepare B 2 C ceramic particle slurry; b was carried out at a pressure of 0.02MPa using a spraying apparatus 2 Uniformly spraying the C ceramic particle slurry onto the surfaces of ZTA ceramic particles, and then placing the ceramic particles in a resistance wire furnace to be solidified for 20 minutes at 100 ℃;
(3) Mixing the silica sol solution and Fe-Cr alloy powder according to the proportion of 2:1 to prepare Fe-Cr alloy powder slurry, weighing 8% of Fe-Cr alloy powder slurry with the mass of ZTA ceramic particles, adding the Fe-Cr alloy powder slurry into the ceramic particles prepared in the step (2), uniformly mixing, and then placing the mixture into a grid-shaped mold to prepare grid-shaped B 2 C/Fe-Cr coating ZTA ceramic particle preform, and then placing in a resistance wire furnace to cure at 200 ℃ for 30 minutes;
(4) Preparing vanishing mould, and making grid shape B 2 C/Fe-Cr coated ZTA ceramic particles are fixed to one side of the working face of the mold, painted and baked in a baking room at 60 ℃;
(5) Smelting a metal matrix alloy raw material, wherein the tapping temperature is 1610 ℃;
(6) Casting and forming, wherein vacuum is continuously applied to the cavity in the casting process, the lost foam is fixed in a sand box and jolted by a jolter, and then the sand box is placed in a negative pressure system, and the vacuum is applied to the negative pressure system for 3Pa; pouring for 20 minutes, and then unloading vacuum pressure;
(7) Cooling in a sand box for 10 hours, opening the box, and then moving into a heat treatment furnace;
(8) Discharging, and carrying out water toughening treatment: heating to 240 ℃ at 50 ℃/h, and preserving heat for 1 hour; heating to 560 ℃ at 50 ℃/h, and preserving heat for 1.5h; heating to 830 ℃ at 30 ℃/h, and preserving heat for 2.5h; raising the temperature to 1105 ℃ at 25 ℃/h, and preserving the temperature for 3h; and then taken out and quickly put into cold water.
Example 3
As shown in figures 1 and 2, the ceramic particle reinforced high manganese steel matrix composite hammer comprises a metal matrix 1, a ZTA ceramic layer 2 and B 2 A C layer 3 and an Fe-Cr alloy layer 4, the ZTA ceramic layer 2, B 2 The whole of the C layer 3 and the Fe-Cr alloy layer 4 is used as a wear-resistant body and positioned on the working side of the hammer head, and the ZTA ceramic layers 2 and B 2 A C layer 3 and an Fe-Cr alloy layer 4 are embedded in the metal matrix 1, and B 2 A C layer 3 is coated on the outer side of the ZTA ceramic layer 2, and a Fe-Cr alloy layer 4 is coated on the B 2 Outside layer C3.
In this embodiment, in order to improve the wear resistance and hardness of the matrix, the metal matrix is made of a high manganese steel material.
In this embodiment, preferably, the high manganese steel material includes the following components in percentage by weight: carbon C:1.1%; manganese Mn:16.0%; silicon Si:0.8%; chromium Cr:2.7%; nickel Ni:2.5%; titanium Ti:0.5%; antimony, sb:0.45%; copper Cu:0.6%; vanadium V:0.7%; the balance being Fe.
In this embodiment, preferably, the phosphorus comprises the following components in percentage by weight: less than or equal to 0.05%; the sulfur comprises the following components in percentage by weight: less than or equal to 0.05%.
In this embodiment, preferably, the particle size of the ZTA ceramic particles is 2-3 mm; the B is 2 B in layer C 2 The grain diameter of the ceramic particles C is 0.5-1 mu m, and the thickness is 12-16 mu m; the content of Cr in the Fe-Cr alloy layer is 62 percent,the grain diameter is 30-70 mu m, and the thickness is 20-24 mu m.
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the ceramic particle reinforced high manganese steel matrix composite hammer head includes the following steps:
(1) Cleaning ZTA ceramic particles by using alcohol, degreasing and ash removing the surfaces of the ZTA ceramic particles, and then placing the ZTA ceramic particles in an oven for standby;
(2) Weighing ZTA ceramic particles with certain mass, weighing silica sol solution according to 17% of the mass of the ZTA ceramic particles, and weighing B according to 7% of the mass of the ZTA ceramic particles 2 C ceramic particles, mixing silica sol solution with B 2 Mixing the C ceramic particles to prepare B 2 C ceramic particle slurry; b was carried out at a pressure of 0.02MPa using a spraying apparatus 2 Uniformly spraying the C ceramic particle slurry onto the surfaces of ZTA ceramic particles, and then placing the ceramic particles in a resistance wire furnace to be solidified for 25 minutes at 120 ℃;
(3) Mixing the silica sol solution and Fe-Cr alloy powder according to the proportion of 2:1 to prepare Fe-Cr alloy powder slurry, weighing 9% of the mass of ZTA ceramic particles, adding the Fe-Cr alloy powder slurry into the ceramic particles prepared in the step (2), uniformly mixing, and then placing the mixture into a grid-shaped mold to prepare grid-shaped B 2 C/Fe-Cr coating ZTA ceramic particle preform, then placing in a resistance wire furnace and curing at 220 ℃ for 35 minutes;
(4) Preparing vanishing mould, and making grid shape B 2 C/Fe-Cr coated ZTA ceramic particles fixed to one side of the working face of the mold, painted and baked in a 65 ℃ baking room;
(5) Smelting a metal matrix alloy raw material, wherein the tapping temperature is 1630 ℃;
(6) Casting and forming, wherein vacuum is continuously applied to the cavity in the casting process, the lost foam is fixed in a sand box and jolted by a jolter, and then the sand box is placed in a negative pressure system, and the vacuum is applied to the negative pressure system for 4Pa; unloading the vacuum pressure after casting for 30 minutes;
(7) Cooling in a sand box for 12 hours, opening the box, and then moving into a heat treatment furnace;
(8) Discharging, and carrying out water toughening treatment: heating to 240 ℃ at 50 ℃/h, and preserving heat for 1 hour; heating to 560 ℃ at 50 ℃/h, and preserving heat for 1.5h; heating to 830 ℃ at 30 ℃/h, and preserving heat for 2.5h; raising the temperature to 1105 ℃ at 25 ℃/h, and preserving the temperature for 3h; and then taken out and quickly put into cold water.
Example 4
As shown in figures 1 and 2, the ceramic particle reinforced high manganese steel matrix composite hammer comprises a metal matrix 1, a ZTA ceramic layer 2 and B 2 A C layer 3 and an Fe-Cr alloy layer 4, the ZTA ceramic layer 2, B 2 The whole of the C layer 3 and the Fe-Cr alloy layer 4 is used as a wear-resistant body and positioned on the working side of the hammer head, and the ZTA ceramic layers 2 and B 2 A C layer 3 and an Fe-Cr alloy layer 4 are embedded in the metal matrix 1, and B 2 A C layer 3 is coated on the outer side of the ZTA ceramic layer 2, and a Fe-Cr alloy layer 4 is coated on the B 2 Outside layer C3.
In this embodiment, in order to improve the wear resistance and hardness of the matrix, the metal matrix is made of a high manganese steel material.
In this embodiment, preferably, the high manganese steel material includes the following components in percentage by weight: carbon C:1.2%; manganese Mn:16.5%; silicon Si:0.85%; chromium Cr:2.8%; nickel Ni:2.8%; titanium Ti:0.5%; antimony, sb:0.5%; copper Cu:0.6%; vanadium V:0.7%; the balance being Fe.
In this embodiment, preferably, the phosphorus comprises the following components in percentage by weight: less than or equal to 0.05%; the sulfur comprises the following components in percentage by weight: less than or equal to 0.05%.
In this embodiment, preferably, the particle size of the ZTA ceramic particles is 2-3 mm; the B is 2 B in layer C 2 The grain diameter of the ceramic particles C is 0.5-1 mu m, and the thickness is 12-16 mu m; the content of Cr in the Fe-Cr alloy layer is 62 percent, the grain diameter is 30-70 mu m, and the thickness is 20-24 mu m.
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the ceramic particle reinforced high manganese steel matrix composite hammer head includes the following steps:
(1) Cleaning ZTA ceramic particles by using alcohol, degreasing and ash removing the surfaces of the ZTA ceramic particles, and then placing the ZTA ceramic particles in an oven for standby;
(2) Weighing ZTA ceramic particles with certain mass, weighing silica sol solution according to 18% of the mass of the ZTA ceramic particles, and weighing silica sol solution according to 9% of the mass of the ZTA ceramic particlesWeighing B 2 C ceramic particles, mixing silica sol solution with B 2 Mixing the C ceramic particles to prepare B 2 C ceramic particle slurry; b was carried out at a pressure of 0.02MPa using a spraying apparatus 2 Uniformly spraying the C ceramic particle slurry onto the surfaces of ZTA ceramic particles, and then placing the ceramic particles in a resistance wire furnace to be solidified for 30 minutes at 160 ℃;
(3) Mixing the silica sol solution and Fe-Cr alloy powder according to the proportion of 2:1 to prepare Fe-Cr alloy powder slurry, weighing 9% of the mass of ZTA ceramic particles, adding the Fe-Cr alloy powder slurry into the ceramic particles prepared in the step (2), uniformly mixing, and then placing the mixture into a grid-shaped mold to prepare grid-shaped B 2 C/Fe-Cr coated ZTA ceramic particle preform, then put into a resistance wire furnace and cured at 260 ℃ for 40 minutes;
(4) Preparing vanishing mould, and making grid shape B 2 C/Fe-Cr coated ZTA ceramic particles fixed to one side of the working face of the mold, painted and baked in a drying room at 68 ℃;
(5) Smelting a metal matrix alloy raw material, wherein the tapping temperature is 1630 ℃;
(6) Casting and forming, wherein vacuum is continuously applied to the cavity in the casting process, the lost foam is fixed in a sand box and jolted by a jolter, and then the sand box is placed in a negative pressure system, and the vacuum is applied to the negative pressure system for 5Pa; unloading the vacuum pressure after casting for 35 minutes;
(7) Cooling in the sand box for 13 hours, opening the box, and then moving into a heat treatment furnace;
(8) Discharging, and carrying out water toughening treatment: heating to 240 ℃ at 50 ℃/h, and preserving heat for 1 hour; heating to 560 ℃ at 50 ℃/h, and preserving heat for 1.5h; heating to 830 ℃ at 30 ℃/h, and preserving heat for 2.5h; raising the temperature to 1105 ℃ at 25 ℃/h, and preserving the temperature for 3h; and then taken out and quickly put into cold water.
Example 5
As shown in figures 1 and 2, the ceramic particle reinforced high manganese steel matrix composite hammer comprises a metal matrix 1, a ZTA ceramic layer 2 and B 2 A C layer 3 and an Fe-Cr alloy layer 4, the ZTA ceramic layer 2, B 2 The whole of the C layer 3 and the Fe-Cr alloy layer 4 is used as a wear-resistant body and positioned on the working side of the hammer head, and the ZTA ceramic layers 2 and B 2 C layer 3 and Fe-Cr alloyA gold layer 4 is embedded in the metal matrix 1, the B 2 A C layer 3 is coated on the outer side of the ZTA ceramic layer 2, and a Fe-Cr alloy layer 4 is coated on the B 2 Outside layer C3.
In this embodiment, in order to improve the wear resistance and hardness of the matrix, the metal matrix is made of a high manganese steel material.
In this embodiment, preferably, the high manganese steel material includes the following components in percentage by weight: carbon C:1.25%; manganese Mn:17.0%; silicon Si:1.0%; chromium Cr:2.9%; nickel Ni:3%; titanium Ti:0.6%; antimony, sb:0.55%; copper Cu:0.8%; vanadium V:0.9%; the balance being Fe.
In this embodiment, preferably, the phosphorus comprises the following components in percentage by weight: less than or equal to 0.05%; the sulfur comprises the following components in percentage by weight: less than or equal to 0.05%.
In this embodiment, preferably, the particle size of the ZTA ceramic particles is 2-3 mm; the B is 2 B in layer C 2 The grain diameter of the ceramic particles C is 0.5-1 mu m, and the thickness is 12-16 mu m; the content of Cr in the Fe-Cr alloy layer is 62 percent, the grain diameter is 30-70 mu m, and the thickness is 20-24 mu m.
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the ceramic particle reinforced high manganese steel matrix composite hammer head includes the following steps:
(1) Cleaning ZTA ceramic particles by using alcohol, degreasing and ash removing the surfaces of the ZTA ceramic particles, and then placing the ZTA ceramic particles in an oven for standby;
(2) Weighing ZTA ceramic particles with certain mass, weighing silica sol solution according to 20% of the mass of the ZTA ceramic particles, and weighing B according to 10% of the mass of the ZTA ceramic particles 2 C ceramic particles, mixing silica sol solution with B 2 Mixing the C ceramic particles to prepare B 2 C ceramic particle slurry; b was carried out at a pressure of 0.02MPa using a spraying apparatus 2 Uniformly spraying the C ceramic particle slurry onto the surfaces of ZTA ceramic particles, and then placing the ceramic particles in a resistance wire furnace to be solidified for 50 minutes at 200 ℃;
(3) Mixing the silica sol solution and Fe-Cr alloy powder according to the proportion of 2:1 to prepare Fe-Cr alloy powder slurry, weighing 10% of the mass of ZTA ceramic particles, and adding the 10% of the mass of the ZTA ceramic particles into the Fe-Cr alloy powder slurry prepared in the step (2)Mixing the ceramic particles uniformly, and then placing the mixture into a latticed mold to prepare latticed B 2 C/Fe-Cr coated ZTA ceramic particle preform, then put into a resistance wire furnace and cured at 300 ℃ for 50 minutes;
(4) Preparing vanishing mould, and making grid shape B 2 C/Fe-Cr coated ZTA ceramic particles are fixed to one side of the working face of the mold, painted and baked in a baking room at 70 ℃;
(5) Smelting a metal matrix alloy raw material, wherein the tapping temperature is 1670 ℃;
(6) Casting and forming, wherein vacuum is continuously applied to the cavity in the casting process, the lost foam is fixed in a sand box and jolted by a jolter, and then the sand box is placed in a negative pressure system, and the vacuum is applied to the negative pressure system for 6Pa; pouring for 50 minutes, and then unloading vacuum pressure;
(7) Cooling in a sand box for 15 hours, opening the box, and then moving into a heat treatment furnace;
(8) Discharging, and carrying out water toughening treatment: heating to 240 ℃ at 50 ℃/h, and preserving heat for 1 hour; heating to 560 ℃ at 50 ℃/h, and preserving heat for 1.5h; heating to 830 ℃ at 30 ℃/h, and preserving heat for 2.5h; raising the temperature to 1105 ℃ at 25 ℃/h, and preserving the temperature for 3h; and then taken out and quickly put into cold water.
Compared with the high manganese steel hammer in the prior art, the high manganese steel hammer has the characteristics of high hardness, excellent wear resistance, long service life and the like under the working condition of high impact load; the high manganese steel hammer head has lower cost and higher cost performance.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, but is intended to be limited to the following embodiments, and any modifications, equivalents and modifications can be made to the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A preparation method of a ceramic particle reinforced high manganese steel matrix composite hammer head is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Cleaning ZTA ceramic particles by using alcohol, degreasing and ash removing the surfaces of the ZTA ceramic particles, and then placing the ZTA ceramic particles in an oven for standby;
(2) Weighing ZTA ceramic particles with certain mass, weighing silica sol solution according to 15-20% of the mass of the ZTA ceramic particles, and weighing B according to 6-10% of the mass of the ZTA ceramic particles 2 C ceramic particles, mixing silica sol solution with B 2 Mixing the C ceramic particles to prepare B 2 C ceramic particle slurry; b was carried out at a pressure of 0.02MPa using a spraying apparatus 2 Uniformly spraying the C ceramic particle slurry onto the surfaces of ZTA ceramic particles, and then placing the ceramic particles in a resistance wire furnace to be solidified for 20-50 minutes at 100-200 ℃;
(3) Mixing the silica sol solution and Fe-Cr alloy powder according to the proportion of 2:1 to prepare Fe-Cr alloy powder slurry, weighing 8-10% of the ZTA ceramic particle mass, adding the Fe-Cr alloy powder slurry into the ceramic particles prepared in the step (2), uniformly mixing, and then placing the mixture into a grid-shaped mold to prepare grid-shaped B 2 C/Fe-Cr coated ZTA ceramic particle preform, and then placing the preform into a resistance wire furnace to be solidified for 30-50 minutes at 200-300 ℃;
(4) Preparing vanishing mould, and making grid shape B 2 C/Fe-Cr coated ZTA ceramic particles are fixed on one side of a working surface of a die, coated with paint and dried in a drying room at 60-70 ℃;
(5) Smelting a metal matrix alloy raw material, wherein the tapping temperature is 1610-1670 ℃;
(6) Casting molding, wherein vacuum is continuously applied to the cavity by using negative pressure equipment in the casting process, and vacuum load is unloaded after 20-50 minutes after casting;
(7) Cooling in a sand box for 10-15 hours, opening the box, and then moving to a heat treatment furnace;
(8) Discharging from the furnace, and performing water toughening treatment; the water toughening treatment specifically comprises the following steps: heating to 240 ℃ at 50 ℃/h, and preserving heat for 1 hour; heating to 560 ℃ at 50 ℃/h, and preserving heat for 1.5h; heating to 830 ℃ at 30 ℃/h, and preserving heat for 2.5h; raising the temperature to 1105 ℃ at 25 ℃/h, and preserving the temperature for 3h; then taking out and rapidly putting the casting into cooling water at 20 ℃, ensuring that the casting is completely immersed and compressed gas is continuously blown into the bottom of the cooling water, ensuring that the temperature of the cooling water does not exceed 40 ℃, generating a large amount of high-temperature austenite in the casting by the process, and increasing the overall impact resistance of the casting;
the ceramic particle reinforced high manganese steel-based composite material hammer head comprises a metal matrix, ZTA ceramic particles and B 2 A C layer and an Fe-Cr alloy layer, wherein the ZTA ceramic particles and B 2 The whole of the C layer and the Fe-Cr alloy layer is used as a wear-resistant body and positioned at the working side of the hammer head, and the ZTA ceramic particles and the B 2 A C layer and an Fe-Cr alloy layer embedded in the metal matrix, the B 2 A C layer is coated on the outer side of the ZTA ceramic layer, and a Fe-Cr alloy layer is coated on the B layer 2 Outside layer C.
2. The method for preparing the ceramic particle reinforced high manganese steel matrix composite hammer head according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the high manganese steel material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: carbon C:1.05 to 1.25 percent; manganese Mn:15.0 to 17.0 percent; silicon Si:0.7 to 1.0 percent; chromium Cr:2.6 to 2.9 percent; nickel Ni: 2-3%; titanium Ti:0.3 to 0.6 percent; antimony, sb:0.4 to 0.55 percent; copper Cu:0.5 to 0.8 percent; vanadium V:0.6 to 0.9 percent; the balance being Fe.
3. The method for preparing the ceramic particle reinforced high manganese steel matrix composite hammer head according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the weight percentage of chromium Cr in the high manganese steel material is 2.6-2.8%; the weight percentages of the components of the phosphorus are: less than or equal to 0.05%; the sulfur comprises the following components in percentage by weight: less than or equal to 0.05%.
4. The method for preparing the ceramic particle reinforced high manganese steel matrix composite hammer head according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the high manganese steel material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: carbon C:1.1 to 1.25 percent; manganese Mn:16.0 to 17.0 percent; silicon Si:0.7 to 0.85 percent; chromium Cr:2.8 to 2.9 percent; nickel Ni: 2-3%; titanium Ti:0.5 to 0.6 percent; antimony, sb:0.4 to 0.55 percent; copper Cu:0.5 to 0.6 percent; vanadium V:0.8 to 0.9 percent; the balance being Fe.
5. The method for preparing the ceramic particle reinforced high manganese steel matrix composite hammer head according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the grain diameter of the ZTA ceramic grains is 2-3 mm; the B is 2 B in layer C 2 The grain diameter of the ceramic particles C is 0.5-1 mu m, and the thickness is 12-16 mu m; the content of Cr in the Fe-Cr alloy layer is 62 percent, the grain diameter is 30-70 mu m, and the thickness is 20-24 mu m.
6. The method for preparing the ceramic particle reinforced high manganese steel matrix composite hammer head according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the tapping temperature in the step (5) is 1620-1630 ℃.
7. The method for preparing the ceramic particle reinforced high manganese steel matrix composite hammer head according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the negative pressure casting process in the step (6) specifically comprises the following steps: fixing the lost foam into a sand box and jolting by using a jolting table, and then placing the sand box into a negative pressure system, wherein the vacuum of the negative pressure system is 3-6 Pa; pouring for 20-50 min, and unloading vacuum pressure.
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